skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This sounds logical until you realize that there are petitions with very large numbers of signatures (relative to petitions more broadly), that we also have polling for and that are, from polling, relatively unpopular. If the people who care care a lot, then you can get a sizeable petition (again, relative to petitions generally) even if there aren't a ton of "lurkers" who also support it but aren't signing.

And this pattern of "small but very passionate minority vs large and slightly anti- majority" is a relatively common one (or flip the valences).

There is probably a correlation between number of signatures and broader appeal, but I would bet that it's a very weak one.
So he's basically just making diesel fuel, which could be done as a separate process, and used in any diesel-compatible engine (I presume)

> 1 kg of plastic gives 0.5 liters of diesel, so the fuel economy is 7.14 liters per 100 km

This converts to about 33 MPG

https://convertermaniacs.com/liter-per-100-kilometers-to-mil...
Yeah, I often wonder what threshold people use when they say they picked up a language in x hours/days/weeks. I guess it's largely a matter of opinion, but like you I consider a working understanding of the standard library, popular packages in the ecosystem etc. to be beginner level stuff, and for me it takes at least a few months to start getting a grasp on these things (especially in something like go which has a pretty big standard library).
Saving my Wrists, Part 1: moving to an ergonomic mouse
As much as it can be to get some intel on your origins, between the pseudo-scientific aspect (see examples of labradors getting their results), the innate risk that your data gets exploited for something else (ancestry is owned by blackstone), and the risk that they get hacked and the data gets leaked (see their competitors), I don't see how you can reasonably use this service
> But Weak can be needed in case you have self-referential structures, right?

Well, technically, no, you can just use Arc and leak memory all over the place :^) but that's not very useful either. Most self-referential structures need some kind of "owning" thing too though. For example, a graph could use Weak for the edges, but in order to keep vertices alive you need e.g. a Vec<Arc<Node>>. Then, if upgrading fails, you know that your edge leads to a deleted vertex (and as such should be considered nothing, hence Option).

> Sure, Rust will give him far fewer ways to screw up. But if he can't be asked to at least not use malloc/free in C++, he probably won't be too careful about unwrap() either?

There's one big advantage of messing up with unwrap vs malloc/free: unwrap 'only' crashes your program (and can even be caught in some scenarios), whereas use-after-free can do literally anything. Unwrap is also much easier to debug because you usually get a clear stack-trace, and the program semantics have been well-defined at all points.

> My point here is mainly that a good programming language won't make good programmers out of bad
ones.

Very true! But I think the point of Rust advocates tends to be more along the lines of "a bad programming language makes a bad programmer out of a decent one". It is very easy to misuse C++, so mistakes are made with it way more often. 'Dangerous' constructs do exist in Rust, but are generally far less pervasive, making it easier for the programmer to understand what they are doing.

Saying Rust has no benefits over C++ because you can mess up in both is like saying that anti-lock brakes are useless because you can still understeer by pressing the accelerator too hard (sorry for the car analogy, I had to). Preventing entire classes of mistakes is valuable, even if other classes are still possible. (If it's worth the cost is of course another question. My personal opinion is yes, although that's especially for memory safety and a bit less for race safety.)
I'm not sure if "what language should I use to write my compiler?" is worth arguing at all (be it to criticize a decision or to rant about criticism).

If you are in a position where you get paid to design a language, then do it with the language of your choice (you are the designer, right?).

If you are in a position where you design your own language as a personal project, then do it with the language of your choice (you are both the designer and the investor this time).

Of course constructive discussions are always useful. Just make sure to leave as soon as it stops being constructive (this blog post suggests that the author left a bit later than that :-) ).
The carbon atom has an atomic weight of 12, while each oxygen is 16, so you have 32 weight of oxygen per 12 carbon.

The hydrogen in hydrocarbons on the other hand, doesn’t weigh much at all. Atomic weight of 1. But with a high school knowledge of chemistry I couldn’t tell you what all is in those plastics.
Is the architecture they use in this diagram currently the best way to train LLMs in general on custom data sets?

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vanna-ai/vanna/main/img/va...

That is, store your trained custom data in vector db and then use RAG to retrieve relevant content and inject that into the prompt of the LLM the user is querying with?

As opposed to fine tuning or other methods?
Return of the Obra Dinn is also an amazing game with entirely 1-bit rendering.

https://store.steampowered.com/app/653530/Return_of_the_Obra...
> it became operational on 1 October 2021 ... was first proposed in 2003

Hardly disagrees with the "timescale of decades" remark parent is making.
He might be talking about having to implement a register allocator/file in order to interpret stack machines faster. Something you get from the compilers on register architectures like RISC-V, ARM and x86.

wasmtime uses cranelift, which has a complex register allocator. wasm3 uses a simple register file.

> In M3/Wasm, the stack machine model is translated into a more direct and efficient "register file" approach.

https://github.com/wasm3/wasm3/blob/main/docs/Interpreter.md
I think the current offering is worth it. If / when they change it for much worse I might join the riots then.
True, but the assistant needs to be actually good to do such things, it isn't good enough now.
Fentanyl, the Portrait of a Mass Murderer
Jdhbf
Atomic weight of C is ~12. Atomic weight of O is ~16.

C : CO2

12 : (12+16+16)

12 : 44

1 : 3.666

so turning 1kg of pure C into pure CO2 by pulling O2 from the surrounding air creates 3.666kg CO2

Plastic also contains some H (weight ~1). Depends on the kind of plastic. Assuming water bottle plastic, AKA PET, AKA Polyethylene terephthalate, Its molecular formula is (C10H8O4)n.

So starting weight of 10x12+8x1+4x16=192, and we assume complete burning so CO2 + H2O end products.

1 C10H8O4 + 10 O2 = 10 CO2 + 4 H2O

1x192 : 10x44

192 : 440

1 : 2.29

perfectly burning 1kg of PET produces 2.29kg of CO2
There aren't any logistic piplines that make this favorable. If you actually wanted to do this you'd load it on intermodal freight cars and push it down rail to the destination.

People seem to think trucks go from one "transfer hub" to another. That hardly ever happens, and when it does, the trucker usually drops off one trailer and picks up a different one.

Most truck routes are actual deliveries or pickups. You go from the distribution center for a supplier and then you do a chain of stops at 4 or 5 stores where parts of the load are taken off the truck and the rest goes to the next stop. Or you pick up an empty and go to 2 or 3 locations to pick up finished product to either be delivered or brought to distribution.

I mean.. there's _thousands_ of hours of truckers on Youtube just doing their job and discussing it. You could watch any of those channels for a few hours and be _lightyears_ ahead of the typical "AV programmers" thinking on the subject.

It's kind of depressing really, how so many silicon valley type people never take the time to learn how the industry works.
Could be if you are loosing consciousness and none of your friends respond to your dramatic texts.

I really doubt they’ll release this without ability to call 911.
Smart Lock on
What’s the difference between a bit pattern and a bytecode?
Aren't there already tons of apps answering that specific question?
I think the strength of this approach is answering the non-obvious questions.
The 'hindsight is 20/20' comment only works when someone points out the problems after the fact. When someone mentions it before it happens the correct comment is 'they were right and we should have listened to them'.
Yeah word. And the writing is on the wall for most tech companies. If your at an MSP and you think your clients gonna keep calling you to give access to x or setup storage for y....AI is gonna eat that roll quicker than you can blink.

Basically if your business is in setup, config and management of some tech product or SaaS. Rip your job. You won't exist in 5 years.
But it does show that it changes though. If there is a 10 year pipeline with multiple projects in it then it’s not static.
No matter how well you eat and get educated, you are not going to be able to do even a fraction of what John von Neumann or Srinivasa Ramanujan were able to do. And very often people like them were able to do that despite all the odds, not because they had the best opportunities.
Philippines hits back at China, says joint patrols with US not 'provocative'
How fast can modern freight trains run? If they’re twice as fast as cargo ships, maybe we need fewer tracks?

And a longer land route?
There's a whole bunch of legislation that specifies what happens when you touch the brake pedal and how much deceleration needs to happen at every part of the input range. Any system involved in that needs to meet much stricter requirements. This also applies to regenerative braking on the accelerator pedal if the deceleration is over certain values. From what I understand manufacturers will actually have multiple "regeneration" modes to work around all this, but I don't have first hand knowledge of this particular area.
The article says it produces 300% more CO2, so it's also roughly a 3-to-1 ratio of process energy in to fuel output.

"fuel production by burning plastic on the roof is four times more carbon intensive than producing fuel from crude oil in a refinery."
Cars are indisputably garage, and a detriment to society. A pitiful stopgap, that has unfortunately been embraced by troglodytes.. jill the psychopath who believes in this salvation
Admittedly
I have a hobby project to move Celestia to Web and uses its data files

https://celestiary.github.io/
The fast bytecode is reduced to a simple operation that excludes certain knowns. For example if you have an instruction that stores A0 = A1 + 0, then knowing the immediate is zero, this can be reduced from reading a complex bit pattern to a bytecode that moves from one register to another, basically MV dst=A0, src=A1.
Someone get YC on the phone
Interesting read. I will point out that having seen "security audits" done by top tier well known security companies, they aren't worth the paper they are written on. They are selling you a pen test script run, the output of which is farted into a document for the least amount of time they can expend on it.

If you want security, you have to do it in house with competent people who understand your business domain. So when I see people with regular pen tests I know they don't really give a shit because they are doing minimal ass coverage.
> Retain sufficient in-house production manufacturing that it is possible for future engineers to acquire the skills needed to develop new products, without which all businesses will fail. Even the work that is out-sourced requires internal expertise to write the specifications.

Damn, that really reminds me of a previous company I worked for, that wanted to replace important core internal libraries with open source libraries. My argument was always that we should always have in-house knowledge of the core technologies. I think a lot of companies fail to think long-term.

> Listen more to your own employees about how to save cost than to any outside business consultants who have never run a factory producing your kind of product. In any event, if the advice they offer changes every year, it cannot possibly be correct.

This one is the difference between management-driven company and engineers-driven company.
Given how much undeployed philanthropic money there is out there, it doesn't seem like it would be a bad thing to have at risk research projects be highlighted more regularly in the news.
It’ll impact the usable charge because the colder temps will decrease the ability of the battery to produce high currents. Effectively setting the floor for a “useful” charge level higher. Below that useful level, current supply is too low to power whatever it is you’re powering.
Very different kinds of projects. Flashpoint is concerned with archiving games and providing a one-stop desktop launcher for them. Ruffle reimplements the Flash Player, providing both a desktop player and a JS library that polyfills the FP plugin on a website, but the actual .swf file to run needs to be provided separately.
Some weird, AI generated spam.
Such crazy money.

I get the need for the nuclear triad, especially with some of the states out there also with or developing nukes and missiles, but we spend sooo much money on this. What fraction of our defense spending is the nuclear program? It's gotta be decent double digits?

Our incredibly expensive Colombia submarine program is supposedly entirely for nuclear boomers, and those cost more than this plane. We made new Peacekeeper icbms then disarmed them shortly thereafter & are making what sounds like an all new Sentinel missile. To be fair it seems like the Peacekeeper indeed might have been too scary, might have escalated over much, but what an absurd bonfire of money going into these efforts.

And here a single bidder auction.
> Retain sufficient in-house production manufacturing that it is possible for future engineers to acquire the skills needed to develop new products, without which all businesses will fail. Even the work that is out-sourced requires internal expertise to write the specifications.

That's the biggie. I think the entire US tech industry has done a gigantic face-plant, when it comes to this.

We have not only outsourced the work, but we have interrupted the transfer of knowledge and expertise.

I have friends that run manufacturing businesses, and they explained how they believe that the US will never regain what it has given away, in the last couple of decades.
All the podcasts I've been listening to recommend RAG over fine-tuning. My intuition is that having the relevant knowledge in the context rather than the weights brings it closer to the outputs, thereby making it much more likely to provide accurate information and avoid hallucinations/confabulations.
Thanks, sounds better. Thoughts on the monthly payment approach? I.e. could you sign up for just 1 month each year or so?
Update: it seem they fixed the page so that it reads "X+ views" instead of "+X views". Maybe they read this hackernews comment chain!
That’s not one of the areas I’ve worked in, so that’s interesting to know.
That's called sleeper agent problem, and is extremely actual (and I don't think solvable):

https://x.com/karpathy/status/1745921205020799433?s=46&t=Hpf...
Homemade silicon chips, sugar rockets, and Europe's North Korea
that's it, we are going to lose our jobs
I just pressed “share” in the Amazon app after looking up the order in my history, that’s what it put in my clipboard.
Sorry, maybe I'm just too tired to see it, but how much control do you have over the SQL query that is generated by the AI? Is there a risk that it could access unwanted portions or, worse, delete parts of your data? (the AI equivalent of Bobby Tables, so to speak)
These events are also consistently perceived at the edge of our technological capability - just short of clarity, Bigfoot remains blurry - despite our ever increasing powers of perception, our ever better iPhone cameras. To me this signifies humanity’s familiar flaw: overeager pattern matching applied to liminal data.
I mean the copper ingot guy was sort of complaining that he hadn’t gotten enough (good) copper ingots and that his couriers had had to make multiple trips and had come back empty handed each time. This isn’t exactly “more stuff faster,” but it is pretty close.
> Layoffs often indicate lack of growth

I thought that was true as well but the tech layoffs that have been happening have all been about being leaner to grow faster. Look at Meta, for example, that did layoffs in spite of massive continuous growth.
If USB-C has taught me anything it’s that higher signal integrity in more expensive cables is actually really a thing. I have usb-c devices which are so temperamental (razer kiyo pro) that they won’t run stable without actual thunderbolt cables. Even high-end fasgear 10gbps/100w cables aren’t good enough signal integrity or the camera will eventually freeze and crash. The extra thunderbolt shielding/better termination really does make a difference even if the pairs are not being used.

Hdmi and DP cables also have a range of shielding and termination quality, and pushing more data through them will show the difference, especially in longer lengths that are at the limit of the spec. Everything looks good when you are only doing 1080p30, try doing 2160p120 on a tv or UWQHD 160 hz on a pc, with a max-length (2m) cable and tell me every cable is just as good. Even every DisplayPort 1.4 cable or hdmi 2.1 cable is not “as good” let alone a rando lower-tier cable with the older shielding.

Oculink folks know damn well that not every cable is just as good either. Copper oculink cables are a fucking mess.

I’m not saying Monster wasn’t ripping you off for some gold-plated connectors, especially back in 2000 when hdmi stated with 1.x in the name. But the reality is that if nothing else we have manifested the world where digital cable quality matters. And really the “hurr durr digital signals” thing has always been a little bit of an oversimplification, even as someone who’s said it before too.

There isn’t a correlation with price in the high end, going from a $30 cable to a $150 cable doesn’t get you anything, but going from a $5 cable to a $30 cable you certainly do get better shielded cable and better termination if nothing else, and yes, it does make a difference when you are actually pushing the spec to the limit. You will definitely find out that not even all 10gbps usb-c or hdmi 2.1 UHBR cables are created equal let alone ye olde hdmi 1.3 bullshit cable.
To add to the manufacturing issues, there are also other 787 issues to be concerned about. The lithium-ion debacle, for one. It's only by shear luck that the original design issues didn't end in fatalities. And the fix is.. ..meh.. The redesign of the lightening protection system to save costs is also something that has been overlooked until now.
I don't think this will change until Boeing's compensation committee cuts pay and bonuses for their execs. Even then they'll just move on to the next corporate job and the new execs will negotiate bonuses based on improving metrics which can be gamed.

In the mean time airlines are stuck with Boeing planes (at least part of) the public thinks of as ticking time-bombs. Some (many? most?) are stuck with planes that they've sunk a fair bit of cash into. Or, more likely, the airlines' corporate parents own a company that owns planes that leases them back to the operating airline for tax reasons. And while that might seem to reduce pressure on the carriers, it's unlikely their corporate parents will want to walk away from that investment.

The last time we had a problem with the 737-900 MAX's, Alaska started flying Airbusses. This time my monthly SEA -> SJC flight is on an Embraer. This can't be good for anyone (except Airbus and Embraer.)

Maybe it's time for corporate America to get serious and only pay the c-suite bigbux if they don't destroy the company.
PopOS is here and there are traditional choc-chip cookies still available.

They are also in the process of ditching GNOME and moving to Rust [0]. (For those that get exciting about that sort of thing).

[0] https://blog.system76.com/post/cosmic-the-road-to-alpha
Fair question! Carbon had an atomic weight of ~12, oxygen has an atomic weight of ~16. So carbon is responsible for 12/44 part of the weight of CO2. If we assume plastic to be 80% carbon, then 1kg of plastic would produce (0,8*44)/12~= 2,9 kg of plastic.
So probably plastic is less than 80% plastic :). But then number makes sense, similarly for diesel.
I have one of those Korean / Japanese portable propane stoves[0]. They take disposable propane cylinders which are widely available in asian stores and last virtually forever. Much less fiddly than dealing with alcohol or other liquid-fueled stoves. Also you can use them to make nabe[1] and sukiyaki.

[0] Random Amazon listing, but something very similar to this: https://www.amazon.com/Iwatani-Cassette-grill-tatsujin-CB-TA...

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabemono
The associated headaches with tooling and configuration do make it quite different.
They've been the primary focus of Circle for the better part of a year now. He's demo'd them working many times already.
Just some food for thought…

If you are doing long speaker cable runs and are using 12 gauge wire anyway… At some point it occurs to you, why not just use Romex ?

And, in fact, it’s a very good choice. 12/3 romex - typically used in three Way lighting circuits - gives you two speaker pair in one nice package.

Two downsides:

First, it can be confusing for future electricians, etc., who do not expect romex in the wall to be used for low voltage.

Second, stereo terminal connectors are not typically designed for solid copper and that can get a little frustrating and complicated.

… but then you think about it a little more and it occurs to you:

why not just build terminal blocks and make connections with WAGO lever nuts ?
That’s pretty miserable efficiency. Lots of diesel cars can do as low as 3-4 l/100km.
There's precedence for this (on smaller scales), see https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portage#:~:text=Portage%20or....
I've done a few long road trips and 2 hours is about the max my kids would go anyway between breaks. Not that I've done it in an EV.
The American engineers who designed and built this are long gone.

Gatun lake was an artificial construction of the project.
Ya, I wonder the same thing. In an extreme case it seems like you could build dedicated repeaters/cell phone towers/something along specific stretches of highway, and then start testing along just that stretch with remote operators on call. I suspect remote operators are cheaper than devoted drivers, potentially making a profit from that transition alone, and also collect training data to develop full autonomy.
Solar panels and many kWh of charged batteries.

Lithium-based batteries in particular have been dropping significantly in price over the past few years.
I made a test few years back and I really regret it. I requested my sample to be deleted from the db and I downloaded the dna in my local server. Hopefully they really deleted my DNA and it didn't leak while was there.
Great presentation for the average Joe or Jane on the street.
Bluefin has been my daily driver for over a year now. Love the community of people just trying to make Linux awesome on the desktop. I'm happy to answer questions about the project too.
Thanks! Yeah, this one is supposed to be a very simple implementation for a kind of "how to write a machine code interpreter" tutorial, but I was looking to experiment with some optimizations if time permits.
Patching with pre-baked alt-bytecode was one of the ideas indeed.
Not Miami humid for sure. Temperate European environment. Lowest temperature in the water cycle is 18C or 64.4F and max temperature is 30C or 86f. House is passive so insulation is pretty good and there is an active ventilation system.

Panels are pretty big and located in the ceilings and walls so should help aswell.

https://sunthalpy.com/en/products/sunthalpanel/