skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
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I feel like this is said about every technology. It reminds me of this Silicon Valley scene: https://youtu.be/w61d-NBqafM?si=hCY58gE6b2pV9khm

100 years ago, nobody could imagine a job like computer programmer. Jobs will disappear, but new jobs will be created.
> easy to explain to finance people. It's a form of commodity speculation

Energy trades unlike any other commodity due to its perishability. There is nothing easy about trading power, though if someone has a background in derivatives, that helps. (They're also irregularly perishable.)

For the lay person, I'd recommend smarting up on Fabozzi's Fixed Income before trying to explain anything to anyone about trading power.
Hmmm, please point us to the blog post when it’s out - sounds good.

I think you are pointing at a disaggregation of the manager role - and I agree
My take on the various roles is

- (Model, Monitor, Mentor)

- resource allocation

- hierarchical politics (ensuring the continued existence of the hierarchy and shifting currents within that hierarchy for rights to resource allocation. Certainly not significant rethinking of hierarchy)

The first two are replaceable by software, resource allocation and hire by politics are replaceable by democracy.

The combination of software and democracy in our organisations threatens everything
1) recognize the law of leaky abstractions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaky_abstraction

2) recognize how this state of things is no different in software from the rest of what people create

3) deal with it the way you deal with it otherwise and apply your existing knowledge accordingly. software really isn't that brilliant most of the time.
I would highly encourage* you to read Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse. I used to look at happiness and love also from a high pedestal point of view. As if I am more intellectual and these are mere temporary illusions. This book changed my point of view. Also, I live in the land of people living in love and harmony with Buddism being a strong presence all around (Nepal, Sikkim, etc.).

I embraced life, love, bonding, friendships, heartbreaks and have never looked back.
Does driving at 50mph decrease throughput compared to 65mph? By how much? Can we overcome that with a somewhat reduced following distance between self-driving trucks, since they can coordinate braking? (or at the very least they can respond to brake lights in front of them near-instantly)

When I think of "completely insufficient California roads" I think of traffic that's already going a lot slower than 50mph.
Abusing GitHub as a PyPI Server
> That being said, never assume that no response from someone means someone doesn't care. I felt awful when dealing with situations like this. If this were my project, I would probably be extremely frustrated and more than a little bummed, whether or not I thought the fork was understandable.

Contrariwise, I read through that forum thread and some of the linked github issues, and it wouldn't be shocking if he were happy to see some of those people walk away. It would not be politic for him to say so.
My father was an enthusiast. When we moved into their current house (1988), the builder had the option of a three-car garage or enclosing the third-car section, and that was intended as a railway room. He favoured the large German "LGB" trains, in part bought because they were among the more durable products on the market, so it would be child-resistant for the kids to use. He built the framework and a track plan but never really had the time he wanted to work on it.

I, in turn, moved on to smaller American (HO scale) and British (OO) trains, using the same room, but now find that the tables designed for big 1:22.5 trains have irregularities enough to make 1:87 trackwork unreliable. Will probably need to rework them.

The hobby itself has definitely changed though: Yes, today's modern models are higher quality than a lot of the old "Blue Box" Athearn kits, but they're also $50 instead of $7, and come ready-to-run, so the hobby aspect of building and customizing it is gone. Many models don't even come as an undecorated version anymore, if you wanted the classic "paint it for your own custom railway" narrative. You don't get the same "hours of fun per dollar" out of that side of the hobby anymore.

What's interesting is that there's definitely an opportunity for synergy with the rise of hobby electronics-- the trains have moved from "variable DC on the rails" to "AC with a command bus" and sometimes even Bluetooth, so there's a lot of interesting stuff you could do with computer or microcontroller interfacing. I bought a project for an automatic traffic-signal design using some 555 timers and capacitors, and thought "this is 10 lines of code on a $3 Arduino, for this generation of hobbyists."

Shops are closing-- I make it a point to try to find a model-railway shop and pick up something exotic when I go on holiday, but even pretty big cities don't have one, or it's a billion miles from anywhere. I was sort of saddened to get a note from Hattons (an excellent UK retailer-- surprisingly cheap shipping to the US) that they have started to wind down operations in the last month.
Any specific examples you like for automation?
Computer security was broken during the Viet Nam conflict, as there were systems that had to accommodate multiple classification levels at the same time, and they couldn't do it with the OSs of the day. Multilevel security was developed after that, which leads to Capability Based Security.

Essentially, your current OS requires you to have absolute faith in any software that runs on your behalf. If it goes rogue, or gets confused, almost anything you could do to sabotage yourself... it can do in milliseconds.

On the other hand, if the OS didn't have that requirement, and instead let you choose what files to open, and enforced your decisions, you wouldn't have to trust your software at all.

From the point of a GUI user, they wouldn't see any difference in behavior. File Open still works like always, but the logic behind the scenes is slightly different.

Command line usage, that's a tougher nut to crack. There needs to be a standard way of defining what files you're passing on the command line.

We could stop blaming everything but the OS... but we likely won't. 8(
You are right. I agree that cars should be taxed (at least partially) based on weight.

However, you don't really need new regulations for this. Tightening liability for drivers, instead of letting them get away with a slap on the wrist when they kill a pedestrian or cyclists etc would probably suffice.

At the moment, we mostly do victim blaming instead. When you operate a death machine, you should be responsible for any kills, and not be able to hide behind 'it was an accident'.
I think the point of GP is that saying it's basically “smart caching”, or “filling the cache in the correct order” helps connect with a concept many people are already very familiar with, which grounds the concept immediately. In contrast, going through each step you have outlined introduces several new concepts that are generally new and counter-intuitive to most people, so many will just give up.
Absolutely not. I still love the art of programming. The clack of a mechanical keyboard, the satisfaction of using vim keybindings, the emotional feeling of discovering an elegant solution - it’s still all so addicting. I still relive the first moment I got an LED to light up on a breadboard because of some C++ code I wrote.

I got started programming (for real) much later than most software engineers, although I always loved computers. I wrote my first LED program for Arduino when I was 23.

At the time, I had no idea how deep the field of computer science was, nor how intertwined it is with disparate fields like philosophy, psychology, and linguistics.

I strongly resist the demands placed by Agile-shops that we all behave like interchangeable cogs in a gearbox.
That just plain sounds Bad™, yeah. In the buildkite setup I interact with, I can at least just hit the "continue" button on the paused pipeline, regardless of any other GitHub state... which feels like table stakes to me.
Start thinking about how data moves. This is the simple first-principles trick that lets me understand things. What data is moving where? How is it moving?

If you want to get better at using technology, not just understanding it, I can give you a tip as a UI dev. Just ask yourself: "what would an overpaid designer named Ramona assume about the average user of this app". Unfortunately, most things have been enshittified, and no longer have manuals.
Some people pay a premium for handmade, artisanal stuff. In the past, that was the only option. Today, most people buy mass produced goods. You can still buy handmade furniture, but most don’t. You can still ride a horse-drawn carriage, most don’t.
What made you say this? How is this different from the hundreds of AI startups already focusing on this, or even the submission that we're having this conversation on?
How long does the typical battery last before it needs significant new investment (major maintenance or replacement)? In other words, how long before we need to install another 30 GW not to increase capacity, but to maintain it?

I'm not a pessimist but I know that at this stage in an adoption cycle, it's all gain, but that's not the long-term reality. I'm wondering what the long-term looks like.

In part, if the capacity keeps doubling, replacing 30 GW will be trivial compared to the new capacity. But eventually that will flatten out.
The billionaires in question (I think Warren Buffet is one of them) would benefit from more and better rail infrastructure. But the billionaires don't have enough influence to make that happen.

Similar for eg more open immigration, or not shutting down the US government down every so often.
Truth be told I think non-programmers are the experts on using technology. When I have a problem I reach for code, the real power users are the ones who don't have that option.
My goto used to be MiXplorer, but got into running only FOSS stuff where possible, and now Material Files has filled the role perfectly for me for over a year now.
DIY Macro Keyboard
And tons of nutritional experiments demonstrating the exact opposite result, that are also “rigorous”.

Sure, human biology is (hundreds of) orders of magnitude more complicated than say going to the moon.

But at this point in 2024 we “know” a lot more about physics than we do about nutrition.

And maybe that’s because physicists, when faced with contradictory data, keep digging until they figure out the basics once and for all.
Freight railroads weren't always doing so well. They picked up a lot after deregulation.

Compare also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_privatisation_of... and see eg the share of rail in all transport.
Not only that, but they had dedicated hardware for it since smartphones weren't ubiquitous yet. I still remember the first time I saw a friend use one, and how mystified I was by this mysterious "authenticator". It's still absolutely wild to me to think about how ahead of the game Blizzard was on the 2FA front.

They only recently replaced their dedicated smartphone app for 2FA by rolling it into the existing Battle.net app. The 2FA codes they use are longer than 6 digits, which I assume is why they don't support something that can be used by more "mainstream" 2FA apps; by the time those become established enough to support third parties, I suspect their infrastructure had been around long enough that it just wouldn't be worth rewriting it. I do sometimes wonder if someday apps like Google Authenticator will support a wider variety of TOTP configurations; I think Steam also uses something non-standard, which means the only mobile option is a dedicated app, and I'd much rather not have to install extra apps just for 2FA support.
The problem with Excel, in my view, is that people start using it as a database, and things get convoluted from there on very fast.
You want to coast because it's the most efficient. Regen is better than burning brake pads, but you'll go further by coasting than you will by Regen and then pushing it back out later.

Also, the gas pedal doesn't have enough resolution to handle forwards, coasting, and decent braking all one one pedal travel. You have to be super careful to go straight to coast on a 1 pedal driving modem. It's much better to just be able to lift of the go pedal.
Ask ChatGPT. Literally ask it to explain how to do something, and explain it a different way if that doesn't work.

Not sure what my advice would be before 2022 but this supercedes it.
The trains that make the most noise are diesel-electric, not electric; electric cross country freight trains aren't really a thing here. I don't DE engines have a battery in the conventional sense, although arguably their fuel tender full of diesel is a sort of battery. But in order for a train to be fully electric you would need to have a fully electrified infrastructure for freight rail, which we do not have and would be far-fetched as a solution compared to equipping such trains with a local battery tender when they come into town, in order to move them through the town (somewhat) quietly. after which they can switch back to diesel-electric power for the long cross country runs.
Analyze your workflow regularly and see if you find any repetition to your work. It's not worth automating every tedious task you might do but if one is coming up regularly it is very well worth automating.
You might be using a setting to force dark mode which has no guarantees to be correct.

The site has white background with black text in normal and darkmode. Could probably use a better stylesheet for darkmode but disabling whatever you have on would probably also fix it.
> Tightening liability for drivers, instead of letting them get away with a slap on the wrist when they kill a pedestrian or cyclists etc would probably suffice.

That really can only happen if the roads are improved enough that drivers can’t cast reasonable doubt around when an accident occurs. Like a road used as a main car route, but has lots of on street parking to obscure pedestrians and bicycles, and also has a lot of them. Yes, the car should be liable, but when the report is taken they find that the car’s view f the victim was completely obscured anyways. We have to really go Dutch on our road design before we can go Dutch on our car liability enforcement.
> Also often allows you to simplify the development experience dramatically

Always the afterthought. At a previous job we had a bunch of microservices developed on peoples' computers, and they only place they all ran together was the handful of integration environments.
You can contribute amazingly and the company can still fail.

Equity might be worth 0. You were lucky… but it's not a fault to not want to bet years of work and just sticking to the paid hours.
I agree but I think the solders will be the solders of the army that wants to seize the resources of the people with AI and themselves become people with AI. A temporary period until AI becomes AGI that can do everything, including building fighting machines. Then maybe can be anther period where people are trying to destroy AGI factories which build robots that fight humans.
The issue I have with not connecting dynamic programming with caching is that it becomes an exercise in cleverness, and many people just give up. It was pretty fun in school, but if I need colleagues to ramp up on it, I need a more effective approach. Sure, they might not grok the full theory right away, but they won't use it at all, and definitely won't get to the theory, if they think it's too abstract for them.
I would, compared to 8 out of 10 doctors I’ve met.

A dedicated physicist who self-taught medicine would allow hoofs to be zebras, not horses, some % of the time.
Short Ruby Newsletter – edition 74
It was true for me that the first year of driving sucks, just keep going, drive as much as you can (every day even if it's a short drive). Not only are all the roads new, the lanes, dealing with car problems, garages and mechanics are all new too. But, you'll get there. Other things, just slow down a bit anytime there is something unusual or risky happening on the road, space gives you time. No matter where you are on a drive, remember you just have to do the same small set of things (look, move, signal, gas, brake etc.) Don't worry about pressure you might feel from other drivers, if they're going too fast behind you, let them over take, keep calm always. Good luck, I'm sure you'll love driving before long and find it opens up a new freedom and responsibility in your life.
Ask HN: What is the most impressive Pomodoro?
I'm looking for a pomodoro web or linux desktop app that clearly took several months of development as seen by the amount of details and settings available. Something that looks and feels nice and is very powerful.
I don't really get that. The 6800 begat the 6809, and that was the connection to the 6800. When Motorola made the 68000 they decided to begin with a clean slate, there's really nothing in connection with the 6800 except the numbering scheme and both being big endian. If you want to use the word 'begat' then it fits Intel much more. Intel made the 8086, and Mensch made the 65816, both went for backwards compatibility (source or architecture) to some extent (which gave us segments and other negative artifacts).

So yes we agree on the facts, it's just so strange that you in your previous post said that the "6800 begat the 68000" - if anything, it didn't. All the companies went ahead with 16- and / or 32-bit CPUs, the difference is that Motorola broke away from their 8-bit past while doing so.
I love when chip people pipe up on HN, because it reminds me that we absolutely do magic with silicon and most of us don't think twice about it.
Anyone else starting to get the feeling that the idea of "base load" power was a scam ? By "base load" I mean the insurmountable blocker for renewable adoption.

The storage industry has already proven it can basically double national installed capacity from one year to the next: It did so in 2023 and 2022, and in 2021 it more than tripled the previous year’s tally. The continuation of this trend just gets more impressive with time: A few years ago, doubling storage capacity only meant building 1 gigawatt. Now, the industry is looking at adding 14 gigawatts in a year, requiring an unprecedented amount of work at project sites around the country.

It's hard to believe how quickly the renewable revolution is happening. The rise of AI? What about the rise of renewables, holy hell.

I was browsing panels the other day for my upcoming project to convert our entire house to solar (we only bought last year, it's top priority for me, for my children's future) and I cannot believe that I can buy top of the range 550W panels for about $200USD per panel, like, my electricity bill is about $400 a month. It's totally ridiculous. I cannot believe people more people haven't caught onto this. I'll be able to pay off the whole system, including batteries in about two year's worth of electricity bills, granted I'm mostly installing myself, it's wild.
If we're going to not revise history it's probably important to not leave out the actual meat of what made AMD's Zen processors so compelling: core count.

Zen 1 launched offering double the core count of any of Intel's competing products at the same price. Intel was ahead on single core performance for a long time but in any well multi threaded benchmark or app Intel was getting absolutely demolished, with AMD offering twice the performance Intel was at any pricepoint. Intel failed to compete in multithreaded apps for 4 product generations, giving AMD enough time to close the single threaded performance gap too.

Now they are both pretty close performance wise, but AMD is well ahead from a power efficiency standing compared to Intel's competing CPUs.
Paraphrasing Stephen King's advice:

Life isn't a support-system for technology. It's the other way around. If there's no joy in it, it's just no good.

And my own thoughts:

"Get better at using technology" is a vast possibility space. You'll never be able to learn, use, or even appreciate all modern technology like a specialist. Be intentional and figure out what you want to get out of your technology use, and learn what you need (maybe from one or some of those specialists) to best achieve it.
Git Branches as a Social Construct
'Caucus': A Curious American Word
Yes, but that generally involves cutting off your own nose to spite your hand. I assume parent wanted to punish these countries without also punishing Americans.
And how do you find "subproblems that might potentially overlap"? You go through the space and cache results of your calculations.

I don't think there was a DP problem in my university days that couldn't be solved this way. Are there problems that can't? Maybe, I don't know. From what I've seen you sometimes need a more clever caching but that's about it. The question is why do we teach a very simple, intuitive concept in a way that makes a lot of people who grasp all the pre-requisites struggle with it.