skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I've heard some companies say that they should never put in writing that they're aware of anyone else's IP, to mitigate the risk of treble damages.

I've been instructed by a big company to take all possible notes on my own ideas and experiments, and none at all on what information I found elsewhere.

I hear the opposite is true in trading, where to avoid insider trading allegations, you need notes on what publically available information you acted on, even just as "parallel construction" of the trades you were going to make based on insider information.

It's really interesting the kind of world you get when legal precedent is the only unstoppable force.
For a reasonable overview, take a look at

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructional_design

For an example of a training system design approach that has been taken to an insane level of detail and organisational complexity, take a look at the UK MOD's version, the Defence Systems Approach to Training.

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/652fac8692745...

For competence retention, have a look at

http://icicte.org/ICICTE2015Proceedings(Papers)/7.2%20Cahill...
That sounds like a kneejerk response. Got a source for it? It's not like we didn't know about it all the time, yet the large solar systems were built.
I'm only a few articles in at the moment, but I really like it so far. Yes, it's not as technical as RFC's would be, but it's still quite enjoyable as leisurely reading.
Do you have any examples of this? Curious how this looks in practice. We are just adding function calling ourselves but not sure how add CoT
Oh yeah baby. I love to see it.
Unlike nuclear, which is too expensive when you don't overbuild it, and becomes simply stupidly expensive if you contemplate overbuilding it.

Overbuilding nuclear is so preposterous that nuclear fans just pretend you magically don't need to, to prevent their fragile dream from being crushed by reality, and let them continue to steer at renewables and all the problems they face as every nation on earth builds then out at massive scale.
They have retro versions now that they call Pizza Hut Classics, https://rolandopujol.substack.com/p/the-retrologists-guide-t.... None in California.
You sound like one of those government people who demand encryption that has government backdoors but is perfect safe from attackers.

When told it is impossible they go "Geek Harder then Nerd" like demanding it will make it happen.
That’s not automatically true. As the price continues to drop even over building renewables can be cheaper than other options. Nuclear is very expensive so there’s a lot of wiggle room.
Not unreasonable, but I would point out two options (not the only):

1) "Water batteries" - highly efficient (far more than the 'chemical' you are apparently referring to) & responsive

2) Methods for using 'renewables' to produce &/ support production of chemical fuels - with the added draw / potential goal of 'closing' the 'carbon cycle'

As to #2, one of the ideals that has been kicked around for decades is to do something like: use 'renewables' to sequester CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it into something like butanol, for example.

Now, last I was up-to-date on any of this sort of work (~10+ years ago), the economics were not favorable. Certain types of commodity chemical production with 'biological basis' (another type of renewable, typically) had much more favorable properties economically. And, indeed, you do see, for example, (thermo)plastic products made from chemicals like "PLA" increasingly. But, the "biofuels" concept is / was much more challenging, especially as "fracking" technology made great leaps etc.

Nuclear has its pros and cons - blanket disavowal is fatuous. Nevertheless, there are substantially more options, systems, technologies, etc. in development and production than are often discussed in too many of the pro-nuke(s) / no nuke(s) 'sniping' chains that have been prevalent in society & on the internet since I was a wee tyke myself.
Coffee makers. I once picked up a nice, high-end Keuring machine for free from a neighbor. Later than evening, I noticed something moving around it. It was full of roaches. I put it in a trash bag and ran to put it in the garbage outside. The exterminator and landlord both said the warmth and moisture of coffee machines is a magnet for roaches and coffee is their favorite snack.
>Have you ever wondered what your life would be like without a smartphone?

No, because despite using mobile devices since the mid 1990s (carphones, text pagers, 2-way pagers, "feature" phones), I've only had a smartphone for a few years (forced by the end of 3G support for my cell phone).

I don't read or send email on my smartphone, I don't conduct financial transactions (except Uber a few times a year), I don't log in to anything. Just maps, texts with people I know, photos, and some MP3 files. And occasional web surfing if I am stuck in a waiting area in public.
Yes, it's old news. It's not solar/wind so it's not a priority for EIA et al.

More recent news in nuclear power is commercial operation of a high temperature gas-cooled pebble-bed reactor in China. Their first HTR-PM reactor went online a couple weeks ago[1].

[1] https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Chinese-HTR-PM-D...
Looks amazing!

Off topic: I like how I understood the technical article below despite not knowing a single Japanese word, only by reading the code, would be interesting sometime in the future that people are using programming languages as a mean of universal communication!
Comedian Tom Smothers dies at 86
Being Stuck in Someone Else's Theory
I wanna make sure I understand your question.

Are you asking why I believe that narratives about history are more accurate than the most popular “Neo liberal history?”

If so, then, that’s not really my claim. My claim is that history as it is taught to children in America in both public education, and in the majority of private education does not teach the philosophies of indigenous populations or frankly, any other population that were dominated or are otherwise different than the culture for which it is being taught.

I think this is exceptionally common worldwide, so it’s not unique to America. British pupils are not taught about all of their atrocities that they committed worldwide had an equal measure, as they are taught about all of the benefits that the British brought to the world.

So it’s less of a function of malice or anything like this, as it is that people really don’t want to own their own history and deal with the implications of taking full responsibility for it.
>It was never free, it was subsidized by pick up or eat in.

Or not. Sometimes extra costs simply come out of the bottom line because it is better to make a delivery sale with lower margin, than lose the sale entirely.

The idea that it must be subsidized only makes sense if every pizza place has no profit.
Notice that the hash value for a data write of all zero's is zero...

And for a single bit, the hash value is a single value from the sbox table. That means this hash algorithm could reasonably have been reverse engineered without internal documentation.
Very cool!

I also like these hand drawn 3d illustrations of stations: https://architizer.com/blog/inspiration/industry/x-ray-visio...
There is potential in the federally owned TVA which has around 35 GW in its portfolio. Also Georgia has a lot of coal and is the state with these new NPPs.

Plus the federal government doesn't need to mandate it. It can simply incentivize these plants to be built like it did with Solar/Wind.
$1.50 for ingredients, 1 minute of labor? I am skeptical of those numbers, and "my brother in law says" is not a reliable source.

Costco charges $10 for a whole pizza (which you pick up, no delivery). Given their business model, I suspect that number is pretty close to the actual cost of production.
Transformer as a hippocampal memory consolidation model
Property tax is something you have leverage with the government on. You don't have to just deal with what they say you owe them.

You can sue the county to get your fair assessed value lower, in order to lower your property taxes. The HOA of a condo I once owned had to do this, because values plummeted, and the county just insisted values kept going up and we owed them more and more tax.

I know a guy who somehow pays 0 property tax on a $500k USD house (don't ask me how he finagled that, but he comes from a rich family, married into a richer family and is quite shysty).

There's also more esoteric techniques like getting some parcels rezoned as farmland (which carries little to no tax burden).

But to your point (and another commenter's), there's a variety of ways a government can assume ownership of your land, even if you own everything free and clear of any debts or owed taxes. (See: Imminent Domain) In this world, you only really own something if you have the might to defend that ownership.
Goodonya! Meanwhile we're still waiting for our infamous EPRs over here. [0]

[0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPR_(nuclear_reactor)

> The first EPR unit to start construction, at Olkiluoto in Finland, originally intended to be commissioned in 2009, started commercial operation in 2023, a delay of fourteen years.[3] The second EPR unit to start construction, at Flamanville in France, is also facing a decade-long delay in its commissioning (from 2013 to 2024).[4] Two units at Hinkley Point in the United Kingdom received final approval in September 2016; the first unit is expected to begin operating in 2027.[5][6]
Also, cats. I now have two cats and now I average 1-2 American roach sightings a year.
>but because of the way they perceive price it’s better than pizza hut simply raising prices.

But wouldn't the typical consumer go to grubhub or whatever, see the inflated price, and then grumble about grubhub and/or pizza hut? Also, aren't delivery fees typically not included in the list price? I'm not sure how being slapped with grubhub delivery fees at checkout is any different than being slapped with pizza hut delivery fees at checkout.
Dupe: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38786483
I would say Hong Kong doesn't illustrate the overall story.
Because no one forced them to, and the copyrighted dataset is much larger? It's like trying to teach your kids using only non copyrighted textbooks. There's not much out there.

Copyright is an ancient system that is a poor legal framework for the modern world, IMO. I don't think it should exist at all. Of course as a rightsholder you are free to disagree.

If we can learn and recite information, and a robot can too, then we should have the same rules.

It's not like ChatGPT is going around writing its own copycat articles and publishing them in newsstands. If it's good at memorizing and regurgitating NYT articles on request, so what? Google can do that too, and so can a human who spends time memorizing them. That's not its intent or usefulness. What's amazing is that it can combine that with other information and synthesize novel analysis.

The NYT is desperate (understandably). Journalism is a hard hard field with no money. But I'd much rather lose them than OpenAI. Of course copyright law isn't up to me, but if it were, I'd dissolve it altogether.
Isolating a new antibiotic (even if it wouldn't work on humans) is typically worth a chemistry PhD. Call me when you get it.
> sounds like a kneejerk response. Got a source for it

If you have 120% solar capacity in the summer so you have 100% in the winter, that’s obviously going to be more expensive than just building 100%. This is basic utilisation.

Also, diminishing returns: the most-productive spots for solar will be built out first.
Astropy [0] lives at the heart of most work. It has a Python interface, often backed by Fortran and C++ extension modules. If you use Astropy, you're indirectly using libraries like ERFA [6] and cfitsio [7] which are in C/Fortran.

I personally end up doing a lot of work that uses the HEALPix sky tesselation, so I use healpy [2] as well.

Openorb is perhaps a good example of a pure-Fortran package that I use quite frequently for orbit propagation [3].

In C, there's Rebound [4] (for N-body simulations) and ASSIST [5] (which extends Rebound to use JPL's pre-calculated positions of major perturbers, and expands the force model to account for general relativity).

There are many more, these are just ones that come to mind from frequent usage in the last few months.

----

[0] https://www.astropy.org/

[1] https://healpix.jpl.nasa.gov/

[2] https://healpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

[3] https://github.com/oorb/oorb

[4] https://rebound.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

[5] https://github.com/matthewholman/assist

[6] https://github.com/liberfa/erfa

[7] https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio/
If there's any area to not skimp on safety regulations, I'd say nuclear is it. I think the alleged blight of "overregulation" has become a conservative mantra but without much basis in fact.

Or maybe I'm wrong. You seem to know a lot about nuclear regulation. Can you tell us a specific, unnecessary burdensome regulatory rule that you feel is holding back progress?
You can also use hydrogen (or Ammonia) for long term storage. It's one of the few use cases where hydrogen makes sense.
Every ten years it's discovered that another idea PL researchers have been harping on about about for forty years is very nice and practical once people get used to it :)

I remember when anonymous functions (indeed, first-class functions at all) were considered academic nonsense that just obfuscated problems. After all, who can keep track of all that complexity of functions calling functions?
I once had found a nest of ants inside a laptop.

The laptop was on a table in the middle of a 40'x40' room but one day I came in, turned it on and for the next 15 minutes ant pieces flew out of the fan exhaust.
Nuclear is baseload and is the exact opposite of "instantly fired up". Best tech for that is gas or battery.
kudos. we need moaaar of these
In America, companies are people, no brain required and are protected in many ways because of that classification.
To be fair to the interlocuters, kergonath left the salt out of his or her or their comment.
Dupe: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38786330
> early 2010's, i land for the first time in Japan, with vague instructions to meet my AirBnB host "by the entrance to Shinjuku Station"

A famous and much easier one in Tokyo is to meet at the dog [1]. Now, granted, it's in Shibuya and not in Shinjuku.

Darn do I miss Tokyo...

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hachik%C5%8D
The issue is, at least for me, I consider all QR codes as unsafe. Unfortunately, you don't know where the QR code leads you before you scan it and then it is already too late. So you can't do the equivalent of inspecting the link before you click it.

Recently we were in a restaurant which required scanning a QR code to get served (for some reason asian restaurants like doing this). The codes were labels attached to the menu. I told the waitress "I can't scan the codes because I don't know who put the QR codes there". She told "the codes lead to their website". I told her "I don't know that, it takes a moment to print a label that looks exactly the same to my eye". She told me "it would then not point to their website". I respond if she knows what MITM attack is. She responded "if you can't afford a phone we should leave and go somewhere else".

The funniest is those QR codes left at random in public. I imagine scanning these is like finding a random pendrive and putting it in your computer.
As advice columnist Miss Manners states, "You are a victim of the silly, harmful and futile modern convention that it is embarrassing to grow old"
Eminent domain requires the government to compensate you for your losses too, that doesn't usually make people happy about the losses.
Right. “The earliest states” is the issue, thanks for the reference, I’ll check it out.
> My favorite measure is "query intelligence" versus "task accomplishment intelligence".

The article does address this regarding abysmal performance on the GitHub PR benchmark. It’s one of the big “ifs” for sure.
And the first antibiotic was inspired by the observation that dye stuck to bacteria better than other things! See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich
I heard or read somewhere that in China they had the same issue - like in every mega project, there are deadlines and ... well it doesn't really fare well. So the issue is real.
How do you work harder delivering pizzas? Break the speed limit?
Show HN: Lemma Derivation/Validation Trees
Small side project based on some reading and writing. Heavily based on a reductionist's philosophy. Open for feedback, discussion, or reading list recommendations!
Building AI Safely Is Getting Harder and Harder
I am pretty sure Walmart does the same with their webservers. I am also pretty sure that your home is less secure than a Walmart store, for one Walmart has armed guards and your home does not. Will you apply your reasoning to yourself and won't complain when your home is robbed eventually?

As I said in another reply, there is nothing a store can do against theft if the police, DA and courts do not enforce the law. Private business cannot arrest and punish criminals.
Chinese nuclear is not competing very well. There's a minuscule amount of it planned, only like 50GW over the coming decades. This is not even a drop in the bucket compared to what China are doing with batteries, wind, and solar.
I don't listen to his podcast, but I understand that Carlin is discredited by most serious historians in general.
He has shook up and revitalized two industries and proven his ability to execute and get people motivated to do significant work with physics and manufacturing and project management that are complex. It doesn’t seem that far fetched to me and aligns with his sustainable energy focus but downvoters seem to disagree!
Power is easily transmitted and losses are minimal. There's no reason to think you need local solar power generation in a cloudy region.
Do whatever you want about them, but I give you permission to call me old.

I am old.
The article doesn't seem to match anything in my comment; however, you say,

> expressing feelings of pity can be an expression of ableism

Empathy and compassion, which I think I expressed, are not pity. How do you draw the lines between them?

> We do need assistance, but much more of what we need--according to modern science--is acceptance and inclusion.

Absolutely, but how did I not accept or exclude Arion?
I'm still annoyed that they are deprecating datetime.datetime.utcnow(). I have over 1000 references to that function in my projects folder. I understand the footguns that naive datetimes present to the unwary, and yet I still prefer to work with naive always-UTC datetimes. Alas I will end up doing some kind of crazy find-and-replace (at least in the Python 3 code) to something like `datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.UTC).replace(tz=None)`. Then of course I'll have to track down all of the bugs from other people doing `from datetime import datetime` and refactor so I now import the whole module just to get a reference to UTC. Grr.
I mean, we know we can build nuclear plants quickly because we've done it before. It is physically possible. China and Korea can still do it today.

If you just mean the bureaucracy is impossible to defeat, it would just take political will. Which we are seeing more and more of recently. The first of a kind build is always slow.
"In 1989, Korea began construction on their first domestically developed OPR-1000 design... Twelve reactors of this standard design began construction between 1989 and 2008, and their costs declined in a stable manner... representing a 13% cost decline (1% annualized)." (Lovering 2016)

The problem is, even after reaping this cost decline, totaling 50%, nuclear power is still noncompetitive in South Korea. They were built for energy independence after oil shock, not for cheap electricity.
Why hasn't nuclear taken off in China?

I keep hearing that it's not cost effective anymore, to slow etc. but if it's actually mostly regulation that's hindering the built out (regardless of the risks) shouldn't China with their impressive portfolio of warpspeed megaprojects have been an ideal example of scaling the next generation of this tech?
https://rolandopujol.substack.com/p/the-retrologists-guide-t...

> In 2019, Pizza Hut brought back its 1974 logo, banking on its nostalgic appeal. I figured that would be the end of it, just a simple marketing tactic soon forgotten. There were no plans announced to bring back the logo in stores, much less redesign the restaurants to look like old Pizza Huts from the chain’s heyday.

> But with no fanfare whatsoever, that’s exactly what’s been happening. Pizza Hut has been taking legacy stores and converting them into “Classics.” The formula includes ...

> So far, these stores appear to be limited to smaller markets, where these legacy stores have survived, the bones of the old buildings intact.

> They have generated incredible curiosity and fascination, and when I post photos of them on my Instagram page, they invariably lead to hundreds of comments and excitement and joy that’s impossible to measure. (Here’s a look at the phenomenon on my friend Heath Racela’s Substack.)

... but yea... for pizza, the dine in experience is almost completely gone. Dominos, Little Caesars, Gumby's (for the college town), Pizza Pit, Pizza Hut, Papa Johns. Papa Murphy's takes it to another level without even having ovens (take and bake... which incidentally _also_ allows them to qualify for SNAP https://www.papamurphys.com/faqs/).

You have to look for places like Pizza Factory or Pizza Ranch for a dine in experience (and many other local places that have only one or two places... but very few national chains anymore).

... And then there's Pasqually's Pizza which straddles the line. https://www.pasquallyspizza.com/our-story/ (CEC Entertainment, LLC is Chuck E. Cheese)
Nuclear is already about 20% of US electricity generation. I don't think many people are suggesting taking that offline. When people are talking about being all solar, wind and storage they are talking about _new_ generation. So the eventual solution would still be a mix of all of those.
You can find sources about the changes in patent law since the 90's. For the most salient example: CLS Bank v. Alice.

Many of the abuses since then have been corrected. That's how the age is relevant.
This article made me a little sad.

The article is about how people with a fear of iodine overdose resisted the idea of adding it to salt on first place.

I spent my childhood in Brazil, a country where there are a good amount of natural iodine. Yet the government decided to ignore the risks, seemly well known for more than a century, and jack up the iodine in the salt to levels beyond what any international standard recommend or tested. And now I hypothyroidism caused by iodine overdose.
Obviously, but it's still fun and witty - instead of "TRUMP|BIDEN - A TRAITOR - IS HERE TO FUCK YOUR KIDS" that you get from the mainline media now.
Houston, we've got a live robotic police standoff
Debian Statement on the Cyber Resilience Act
I agree with most of this. The things I don't agree with entirely are small:

3. I do think it is a big surface area. It can be reduced and, in this thread, I have never stated you cannot reduce it at all.

6. I did not state this, at least, but I did state that for my use case, the interface I am providing is more user-friendly. That does not mean all use-cases match mine. In particular, the query DSL we have expands out to some large SQL that would be difficult to write.

I think the only real disagreement we have is how expensive the various solutions are to implement. I still don't buy that for a real-world dataset, the security engineering would not be onerous relative to a DSL, and you haven't provided anything concrete to counter that. But that's fine, it's not your responsibility to convince me. Thank you for the lively discussion.