skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> For those of us who didn't major in physics... where did the whole "action" thing (let alone the thesis that it's minimized) itself even come from?

It comes from Maupertuis’ work in the 18th century (about a century before Hamilton). The initial insight is that a physical object follows the “shortest” possible “path”, in the same way as light follows the quickest path as in Descartes’ law. The difficulty is that the path is in a phase space with more than our usual 3 dimensions, so the whole thing is a bit abstract and calculations are a bit counter-intuitive at first. The approach is still useful because it helps solving problems that are very difficult to solve using Newton’s equations, like systems with constraints or couplings between objects.

> The whole notion of "action" feels entirely foreign and unintuitive for someone who's just studied Newtonian mechanics.

Action is a tool to calculate these shortest paths, and because the actual trajectory corresponds to an extremum of the action, and most of the time to a minimum, the principle is sometimes called the “least action principle”. Fundamentally, that’s almost all there is to it. The rest is defining the action, and processing it to get equations of motion. Action kind of looks like a weird energy in classical mechanics,

It is foreign from Newtonian mechanics. If you want to understand how it works you need to consider Lagrangian mechanics, which was a generalisation of Maupertuis’ principle and paved the way for Hamiltonian mechanics (which are another step in abstraction). Newtonian mechanics are built on calculus and the concept of derivative; Lagrangian mechanics are built on variational calculus and the concept of functionals.

> At least I've never managed to find a real world feel for what it is, unlike with force or energy.

Action is actually quite similar to energy, conceptually. Energy is whatever gets minimised in a Newtonian system at equilibrium. Energy changes are governed by differential equations that we can solve to calculate simple trajectories. Action is a function that is minimised along the trajectory of a physical system.

This approach is extremely powerful. The same principle can be used to derive the equation of motion for systems following classical or quantum mechanics, or general relativity by “simply” considering different definitions for the action (or, equivalently, different definitions of what we call the Lagrangian function, which is more common). It’s a bit difficult to explain more in this format; if you want to dig deeper you should start by looking into Lagrangian mechanics.
Some guy here posted on HN about his project non.io[0]

Still hanging around

https://non.io/
there is a special spec for google by that

https://developers.google.com/search/docs/appearance/structu...

basically cloaking + json-ld markup
Like signing up without an invitation.
Not a migration, just a successor. Nothing moves over automatically/wholesale
I'm afraid I'll have to call bullshit on your story, as firing an atom bomb is against the Geneva convention.
This game will suck you in. It's wonderful. A great holiday game actually. Good timing on this post.

I first played it because I heard it described as "Factorio lite", which seems fairly apt after playing it. It's not nearly as deep as Factorio but it scratches the same itch.
Kids (almost) never use Drive. They access everything though apps like Doc, Sheets, etc.

Source: was until recently a classroom teacher for 7-10 year olds.
You might be right, and thank you for doing that.

I remember hearing that the number of software engineers doubles every 5 years, meaning that most software engineers will always have less than 5 years of experience. I think it was Bob Martin.
The definitions of P, NP and polynomial time seem to be wrong.
The thing that still grinds my gears about Mastodon is the concept of search is inherently broken. In Twitter I can search whatever and see all the old public posts from the start of time. On Mastodon, I'll get ... some stuff.

With your model that wouldn't be an issue.
You probably want to talk to Lexis/Nexis instead if you’re dealing with legal materials. I believe they are working with some RELX affiliates in this space.
I should've been clearer about the doctors. Whether a doctor is part of your insurance network can change unexpectedly when the contract/relationship between your doctor and the insurance company changes, even if you yourself don't change insurance. And this happens relatively often (annually and sometimes more). So you can get a surprising bill if you go back to the same doctor.

The databases that maintain this information are not always accurate or up-to-date. So the doctor might say one thing, the insurance company another, and both be wrong in subtle ways. Nobody knows what's going on. It's often a crapshoot what you'll owe after a simple doctor's visit, even if you've asked all the right questions and stick with the same doctors.
I’m a bit surprised tesla managed to get the guy with 115 miles on the car to pay for the collapsed suspension. Maybe they don’t have lemon laws there?

I hoping a class action lawsuit more than covers these peoples’ expenses.
bsky-social-li3l6-nsxfn

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I don't follow your question. What is your implication? Just come out and say it.
I'm fine with a new protocol, what I dislike is they marketed it as a main feature and still haven't shipped what was promised. So far Bluesky is just as centralized as Twitter.

ActivityPub has some big flaws. We need something better, but I don't think I trust the Bluesky team to deliver that anymore.
Service as a Service was right there.
It may be off topic... but, does anyone know how this compares to Lossy WebP compression used by Google Photos?
Well, to be fair, the Houthi/Yemeni raids were started as a result of the Gaza occupation by Israel, and the US's failure to prevent massive war crimes in Gaza.

Their demands were simply to restore full humanitarian aid (no bombing aid trucks!) or a ceasefire. Much easier than spending hundreds of millions in escorting every tanker headed to Suez.
"The Black-Scholes equation"

The Black-Scholes equation assumes a random walk/Gaussian distribution. This assumption is basically flawed, since it is a Levi flight.
I'm truly sorry about your brother. I lost a sister and it wrecked me.

But statistically, he got very, very unlucky. I quoted this in another post[1]:

“The incidence rate of cannabis-induced psychosis increased steadily from 2.8 per 100,000 person years in 2006 to 6.1 per 100,000 person years in 2016.”

If people live to be an average of 80, that would affect about 1 in 200 people over a lifetime. Incidentally, the disease that took my sister has almost exactly the same incidence.

Again, I'm very sorry. Both our families were hit with very unlikely tragedies.

[1]: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31839011/
I suspect these megalithic corpos are actually in it to make a dollar, no matter the cost to reputation or society. You'd think reputation would matter but it turns out once you reach the point of no return ("I keep Facebook so I can share with my grandma"), you'll come back even if there are rats chewing on your toes
https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/artificial-inte...
The idea that society influences women not to go into STEM is not at all clear. It's essentially just assuming that any disparity must be due to social influence. The reality is that larger male participation in STEM is universal across a wide variety of societies. There isn't a single country in the world where women make up more than 55% of STEM workers, while the vast majority of countries have fewer than 30% of women in STEM [1]. When a trend is present across rich and poor societies, conservative and liberal societies, religious and secular societies, it's pretty hard to say social influence is the cause.

1. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/02/the-more...
yes???
Needs to have a gamma aware option to dither correctly. Calculate distance to the nearest grayscale step in linear space. (Steps still being evenly spaced in sRGB gamma space.)

(Fwiw, the examples on dithering on Wikipedia were still incorrectly dithered last time I checked.)
It is two out of eight at each layer, with 32 layers independent of each other. There are no eight "sub-models".

However, this raises a question: could a slightly more complex router use output layer n-1 to choose experts for layer n+1 (vs n and n+1 today)?
This way, there is more time to load the needed experts for the n+1 layer.
New York Gov. Kathy Hochul to Reject Ban on Noncompete Agreements
Did you spend like five seconds googling?

https://allthings.how/how-to-remove-microsoft-account-from-w...
You had me in the first half. You're absolutely right about the shortcomings of Verilog. I see a lot of similarities between it and PHP - where the language has developed features it doesn't really understand and therefore hasn't quite got right. But it has developed. It goes a fair way to let you do things that otherwise you have to generate code for. And everyone rolls their own code gen. VHDL is vastly inferior at this point in terms of its capabilities especiallly in the verification space, and where Verilog loses in terms of Loose typing it can ameliorated with linting.
I think most people wouldn’t expect it to be possible to disable iCloud and turn off remote wipe with just the device passcode.
If you don't convert GIFs on server side it would take much more data than videos. I mean much, much more. GIFs are more or less a long seqeunce of 8-bit images.
They hired the guy, but AFAIK it's going to be very different from SE, apart from the basic "multiple planets" concept.
"In the past the whales had been able to sing to each other across whole oceans, even from one ocean to another because sound travels such huge distances underwater. But now, again because of the way in which sound travels, there is no part of the ocean that is not constantly jangling with the hubbub of ships’ motors, through which it is now virtually impossible for the whales to hear each other’s songs or messages.

So fucking what, is pretty much the way that people tend to view this problem, and understandably so, thought Dirk. After all, who wants to hear a bunch of fat fish, oh all right, mammals, burping at each other?

But for a moment Dirk had a sense of infinite loss and sadness that somewhere amongst the frenzy of information noise that daily rattled the lives of men he thought he might have heard a few notes that denoted the movements of gods."

-- Douglas Adams
That's not Cobham-Edmonds thesis. The assertion is that problems are feasible _only if_ they are in P, not _if and only if_ they are in P.
OpenAI probably has a similar trajectory to Docker.

They are totally different products for different markets, but have some similarities to me. The underlying technology became commodity and then the ride was mostly over as far as moat goes.
Meshery v0.7.0 Release Announcement
It feels corporate to me. Probably because of that awful "blue sky thinking" doublespeak.
v0.7.0 is the latest and most significant release of Meshery, the CNCF’s cloud-native manager. In this latest release, several new feature areas have entered beta, including GitOps enablement, Multi K8s Management, Multi-Tenancy, WASM Filter Management, SSL Support for Fortio, new set of mesheryctl commands, and 200+ new integrations, which are now generally available.
Don’t forget Rocket Lab.
I wonder where this whale Twain got its name? assuming the whale-namers named a bunch of whales (at once or over time) it's really appropriate that this particular whale participated in this particular landmark conversation.

One of the most popular, distinctly-American authors of all time, humorist Samuel Clemens, wrote under the pen-name "Mark Twain". He was very skilled in his use of language for communicating his musings, and the "sound" of Twain's phraseology is quite pleasing.

his pen-name comes from the phrase "mark twain" which was shouted by sailors on riverboats as part of their measuring the depth of the water, mark twain (2) referred to 2 fathoms (12 feet, 4 meters-ish but it was measured with a weighted stretch of rope, so is "twine" a stretch?)

Measuring the depth of water is alternatively called "sounding", and not even because of sonar, but because nautically speaking a sound is also the name for a small but deep enough to be navigable body of water. Whales dive into the depths of water, and that is also called the whale sounding.

But of course, this communication is using the audible sounds of whale vocalization. A connection between two parties communicating could be called "where the twain (2) shall meet". or if it's groundbreakingly successful moving forward, e'er the twain shall meet. (compare "ne'er the twain shall meet")

I can't imagine all these literary allusions were part of the naming decision, unless she/he was named as part of the experiment, so I think it's just a fun sequence of collisions.
Remember to network. Your net work, is your net worth.
For those wondering: this is here:
https://www.google.com/maps/place/42%C2%B041'08.5%22N+87%C2%...
and the land is located adjacent to the land that microsoft took over to build a huge datacenter in the previous location where Foxconn was going to build a giant LCD factory (or at least said they were going to but never did). So the value of this mostly comes from the fact that it is adjacent to an already huge chunk of land that Microsoft owns. Also likely Microsoft is getting some tax breaks for this.
That or Saudi Arabia & Israel would have to play nice with the rest of the region.

Amusing since most of the arms are from US manufacturers.
TLDR:

> The governor said in November that she believed the agreements should be banned for lower-wage workers but that higher-paid employees could negotiate for themselves. She floated a compromise in which people with income over $250,000 could still enter into such an agreement.

Negotiators for Hochul and state lawmakers were exchanging drafts of amendments up until Friday, according to people familiar with the matter. The final sticking points included the compensation threshold, and whether that number should include base wages or total compensation, including things like stock options and bonuses, the people said.
I agree - they're taking their sweet time. But, they very pointedly and deliberately have not launched yet. They're still very pre-alpha - this is why there's invites (not to try and create some sort of exclusivity).

Naively, I appreciate that they're not trying to rush something out just to compete, but rather are taking the time to build the right thing.
20testers: Test your app with 20 testers for 14 days for Play Store publishing
Is it even well defined? On the one hand, there’s “cloaking,” which is forbidden. On the other hand, there’s “gating,” which is allowed, and seems to frequency consist of showing all manner of spammy stuff and requests for personal information in lieu of the indexed content. Are these really clearly different?

And then there’s whatever Pinterest does, which seems awfully like cloaking or bait-and-switch or something: you get a high ranked image search result, you click it, and the page you see is in no way relevant to the search or related to the image thumbnail you clicked.
This article from less than a month ago says that it is on 576 chips https://www.nextplatform.com/2023/11/27/groq-says-it-can-dep...
I think even a negative solution could have practical implications. For starters you can now know for sure the problem can't be solved efficiently, which means you can stop looking and focus on other things. Possibly you can use it in situations you need a hard problem lkke in crypto (although there is more to it then that, since just because a problem is NP doesnt mean that a specific instance is)

I am not a complexity theorist, but ive always doubted the n^1000 solution to p=np being likely. Think about it - that essentially means you have to loop through the data 1000 times, but no more than that, no matter how much data. It just doesn't seem natural that looping 999 wouldn't be enough, but 1000 would be precisely enough. Its a sort of middle ground that seems like it would be extremely odd to me. Much more so than p=np with a low exponent or p!=np.
They did recently just federate the core servers. It's no longer a centralized service but blue sky itself is now a proxy for a federation of smaller servers. Users get assigned one at random(?) upon signup and the blue sky api url continues to work and towards to the underlying server.

One step at a time.
Their homegrown protocol is meant to solve real problems with Mastodon, like that your home server owns your user name and can destroy or steal your account where you have all your followers. Account portability on Mastodon requires your current home server to be online and cooperate with you if you want to transfer your account to a different server. With Bluesky, you can do it as long as you have an archive of your data. The intention is to make choosing your home server into a minor implementation detail where the user is always in control instead of a hugely consequential upfront decision as it is with Mastodon.
Ask HN: Hosted Spam Filtering Services
I'm looking for a low volume, paid or not, spam filtering service to put in front of my MX. Any recommendations?
It seems like it must be using Llama-2-chat, which has had 'safety' training.

To test which underlying model I asked it what a good sexy message for my girlfriend for Valentine's Day would be, and it lectured me about objectification.

It makes sense the chat interface is using the chat model, I just wish that people were more consistent about labeling the use of Llama-2-chat vs Llama-2 as the fine tuning really does lead to significant underlying differences.
(all gone)

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There's diplomacy and gunboat diplomacy. US seems to always prefer the latter.
I can't speak for iPhones, but Android has a file system and the ability to create directories. I think it would be weird if Apple products didn't have that as well, even if it's a bit hidden. I don't have any form of evidence to back this up, but I think that this has more to do with apps, not the device that kids use. Having everything be an app makes it seem like you have multiple independent things on your device, and the device itself is nothing more than a way to connect to those apps.
> The synthetic fibre is an aerogel coated with polyurethane and is flexible, washable and wearable.

"Biomimetic, knittable aerogel fiber for thermal insulation textile" (2023) https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adj8013 https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=&journal=Sci....

If lab grown meat is possible, so should lab grown fur. A lab-grown fur with some sort of way to verify that it's lab-grown with a jeweler's scope or similar might be a viable product?

FWIU arctic survival folks can explain the types of fur, and why no synthetic is even really comparable.

From "xPrize Wildfire Competition" (2023) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35660231 re: airogels and hydrogels:

>> Problem: #airogel made of CO² is an excellent insulator that's useful for many applications; but it needs structure, so foam+airogel but that requires smelly foam

>> Possible solution: Cause structure to form in the airogel.

"Superelastic and Ultralight Aerogel Assembled from Hemp Microfibers" (2023) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adfm.202300... ; flax might be sufficient, too
Something like Doppler is very nice. I use it on both my Mac and iPhone to play local files. The rare times I use the latter, the few albums I have on it are enough. I have apple Music, for convenience when I can’t bother to download an album.
I feel for the author when it comes to the quest for an ideal zen state with tech. It seems like you’re always making a compromise somewhere.

For so long I’ve avoided emulating games because something was always fucky about it. Visuals, audio, game bugs — you name it.

I recently bought a Steam Deck and outfitted it with retroarch to see if anything had changed in that world and my god everything has changed. The device effortlessly emulated games all the way up to the switch generation and they look and play beautifully. No configuration needed. It’s the experience I’ve always dreamt of with emulation and it’s a total game changer when it comes to my nerves.
> The whole point is to select from candidate pools that your company isn't typically pulling from

Why? If the company is already working well, why rock the boat?
I suspect this is Llama-2-chat and not the base model. It's very attuned to safety fine tuning, and it isn't having issues with completion in a chat format.

They probably weren't specific enough in mentioning what the model it was built on was, referring to Llama-2-chat as being a Llama-2 model (which is kind of correct).
I've had an Apple device from work until ~2 years ago. It laid on my desk most of the time, not even in use so wear and tear are at a minimum. A region of the touchscreen broke around the same time as the charging brick stopped charging (2-3 years after purchase; the brick was only plugged in when in use), the keyboard didn't support swyping or having a number row or any symbols on its face whatsoever, the browser is ancient and gives me headaches as a developer constantly (and you can't even tell users to install a proper browser - remind me, what did the EC think of that when Microsoft pulled this with MSIE?), the idle battery life was worse than an eight year old Samsung I've got, of course it needed a custom cable, it kept turning on things I had turned off such as Bluetooth (see the recent Bluetooth attack), and my device was the only one that had hard-to-reproduce issues with Wireguard VPN.

(I never had a charger or touchscreen break on me before, nor a battery wear so fast, so combined with the unusually low use, I'm pretty sure it's not my particular usage pattern that caused them to break way before due.)

Credits where they're due, though: it had a headphone jack and I loved the earphones that came with it! But what a piece of trash otherwise.

I'm sure there's good apple phones out there and our resident apple fanboy assured me I had an outlier, but I can attest that apple does in fact sell you garbage and not all the issues are hardware
Before the US it was the other colonialists (mainly the Dutch and British). And before that it was the Crusades, the story goes way back.

The US, EU, etc don't have a "moral" leg to stand on when it's always a colonialist attitude they have over this region.
Reminded of the Code Golf challenge to build a working game of Tetris in Conway's Game of Life: https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/11880/build-a-w...
I suppose I'll confess that you are correct, this approach is totally viable at smaller scales. I've just seen what happens in a large business context.

It's above all, a security nightmare, since the wiki pages are perpetually out of date and incomplete, and it makes the process of thing like provisioning and deprovisioning access so labor intensive.
The DEA is part of the "Biden Administration". One part of the administration- HHS, has made a recomendation to another part, the DEA.
90% of traffic being crawlers seems (on the face) just absolutely batshit insane.