skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Every planet is different so every probe needs to be different. Inner planets can use solar panels, outer plants did nuclear generator. Outer planets need larger radio dishes. Cameras for Venus are useless, what we really need are more landers. Mars is well photographed so more rovers makes sense.

One reason that platforms aren't useful is that there aren't enough probes for economies of scale. My understanding is most of the cost is the space-rated components. NASA is starting to reuse instruments, the proposed Uranus probe will use ones from other missions.
Related: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38680239
God help Canadian Tesla drivers in the winter - most gloves don't work well with capacitive buttons/screens.

Edit: Actually, with how dry it can get in wintertime, sometimes my fingers don't even work.
Peachtree City has tons of golf cart lanes. Really a good solution for the problem.
Yeah, CC terminals (and NFC / tap if you want to be fancy) are working things which work.

The only opposition I've heard is "uwu but charge costs are lower so CC fees add up".
One city cant overcome the shortage the rest of the country creates. People are moving to houston because it is among the cheapest big cities because theyre actually building new housing. Houston is working on catching up with demand but it takes time. We have underbuilt for decades, this isnt something that can be solved instantly.
They can absolutely outperform gpt4 for specific use cases.
There is no such big story here.

The estimates are somewhere around 10B $ of revenue (not profit !) per year by 2030, and that's an optimistic scenario. Base case scenarios are much worse. And even that hypothetical 10B$ is hardly a 'massive' revenue stream for a company projecting to sell 10 million cars by that time (I would put their chances of achieving that goal at 0.01%). As usual with Tesla - it's all about projections, hyperboles etc, while usually ignoring actual numbers (not a shot at you, just an observation).

There is a fair point to be made though, that this is a big loss for Tesla, as their charging network was pretty much the sole remaining advantage over their competition.
Well yeah, if I can copy and paste stuff I do that too :-)
That’s a worst case cost estimate, I doubt it will be anywhere near $6B spent on plant maintenance and operation 5 years from now.
If that's the reasoning, it's just a variant of the sunk cost fallacy.

The question is what is the most effective use of our limited resources right now. Diablo Canyon will be shut off at some point, causing a momentary blip in emissions rising. Is $6B on a short extension a good use of our resources? It's certainly difficult to see much benefit.

Instead, the benefit is mostly to assert that we still are open to using nuclear. Which, fine, is a good goal, but instead what if we just spent $3B each on an SMR, with the expectation they would probably fail? I think that would have a bigger positive impact towards more nuclear in the future.
Some things that are easy in theory are not as easy in practice.

In theory it's so easy to build lots of huge solar power plants. We all know that solar is dirt cheap, because we've all seen the Lazard report with the levelized costs of energy.

In practice, here's the list of solar power stations in California [1]. None is close to 1 GW. Only 3 are above half a gigawatt nameplate capacity. But their capacity factor is on average less than 30%.

Or to put it differently, 20% of the electricity generated in California comes from solar, and 9% from nuclear (i.e. from Diablo). If you want to replace nuclear with solar, you need to increase the current solar generation by 50%. That's doable, but it's not something you do overnight, it will very likely take a few years. Meanwhile, guess what you'd use to replace Diablo? Of course, it would be natural gas, which, by the way, accounts for 47% of the current generation.

We've heard the story of nuclear being replaced with renewable in my state, New York. Two reactors, with a combined capacity of 2.1 GW were shut down in 2020 and 2021. But instead of renewables, they were replaced with natural gas [2].

> As a result of the permanent shutdown of the plant, three new natural-gas fired power plants: Bayonne Energy Center, CPV Valley Energy Center, and Cricket Valley Energy Center were built, with a total capacity of 1.8 GW, replacing 90% of the 2.0 GW of carbon-free electricity previously generated by the plant.[6] As a consequence, New York is expected to struggle to meet its climate goals

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Cali...

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Point_Energy_Center
Not with the $6B.

The math just doesn't work, even if the solar was free, you could not purchase enough batteries with $6B to replace Diablo Canyon.
Scammers Panic After I Tell Them Their Real Names [video]
Wow this could be a real game changer in the new / commercial space paradigm.

Perhaps lower ultimate performance but much easier logistics and reuse.
Has anyone seen a project such as this which is open source? I am not saying this project should be, it’s just that my pet project is something very similar and I am sure some people must be building this in the open?
Solar projects take about 6 months. Solar projects are one of the only types of major infrastructure project that regularly come in ahead of schedule and under budget. (I couldn't quickly find the cite for this, but if I find it again I'll edit it in).
I remember the first time I visited a gas station in Belgium (?) off the highway that actually had 10 or so "standing tables" to eat at from the two restaurant options in the building. We sit for 4+ hours between fill-ups; why do we not see this as the standard in most places, with more limited seating for the elderly/disabled or children who cannot reach a full height standing table?

As an American, it was really eye opening!
> (From the POV of static types, dynamically typed languages are just untyped languages, that is, languages that have exactly one type)

I believe the mistake you are making is assuming that TLA+ has some kind of runtime where things are "executed" (static vs. dynamic in the context of programming languages refers to, roughly, compile-time vs. execution-time). Model checking in TLA+ is actually analogous to "running a compiler", not running a REPL or whatever. It's definitely NOT a runtime.

TLA+ has no "dynamic" aspect at all, it's all "static" from the POV of language theory. And since it DOES provide a way (read: syntax) to create and check types (as the GP shows) and those types are checked statically (again, remember: there is no execution happening here), TLA+ is formally (and practically) equivalent to a language that has a different syntactic way to specify types, i.e. one that programmers are more familiar with.

What TLA+ is missing is any notion of executing code. That's what makes it a specification language and not an implementation language. Most programming languages are implementation languages, with a bit of "specification"—usually types—sprinkled on top. TLA+ is specification-only, no implementation stuff is written down.

So to recap, from a language-theoretic POV, TLA+ absolutely supports "static typing" in the way that it is usually understood and used by programmers and language theoreticians, but with a syntax that is unfamiliar (because it is a specification language).

For completeness, you can specify modern type inference algorithms like MLstruct/MLsub [0] in TLA+ and the model checker will happily apply them to your TLA+ specification (again, statically—at compile-time, which is really "model checking" time).

[0] https://lptk.github.io/files/[v8.0]%20mlstruct.pdf
Supporting screen readers - e.g. accessibility, apart from the obvious benefit to the users, gives you almost for free testing/automation abilities too
And earlier in the article is the setup for that punch line:

> there had also been reports of them removing the skin from the right hand of an enemy and using it to make leather for their quivers
I have no trouble using Figjam for this, or just figma but borrowing the arrow connector objects from Figjam
Here in Germany at least, most chargers accept RFID cards for billing, and basically all through an app.

My only problem with it is that the app that comes with my company's card is total crap (often won't start to charge, and then sees the charging port as being in use for like 5-10 minutes, so you have to wait that long for a second attempt. It's HORRIBLE.)
Let's do the math. I'm leaving out capital costs for Diablo Canyon because I'm guessing it's paid off at this point.

Diablo Canyon is producing 2 GW. $6B / (5 years * 2 GW) is approximately $0.069/kWh.

That sounds extremely competitive to me and not "just a PR game". You won't get solar and batteries installed and connected to the grid cheaper than that (especially not at current interest rates), sorry. There's also the fact that Diablo Canyon is running right now, while getting large amounts of solar and batteries connected to the grid is a years long process at this point due to grid operator connection planning backlog.
No, it looks like you have to do it on an application basis.

https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/issues/2913
Social Mobility in the 50 States
California already has a lot of solar installed in the desert. They could just expand that. Nuclear is a base load though, so they would need batteries or pumped storage to add to that.
I am very open to believing that. I'd love to see some examples.
No, you want to compare Watts, not Volts, as Watts measures power and Volts is just potential.

A 15A 110V outlet can supply 1500W continuous (1.5kW). A 4kW DC charger is almost three times higher power than this.
Notice that this is not the Newman Drive which is A Pulsed Catholic Arc Thruster

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Henry_Newman
More importantly, Nuclear generates the base load capacity that renewables struggle with - the 27,000 MW is great, but its use it or lose it, as we dont have anywhere near the capacity in place to store the excess - nor will I think we will build it in anything resembling a timely manner.
A Life in Wonderland (2018)
Sibling posters seem to think that $6B isn't unreasonable (and that $6B spent on solar+batteries won't come close to replacing this plant), but I won't address that.

Take a look at today's CA electricity source mix[0]. Regardless of cost, why would you shut down a nuclear plant (prematurely, when there's no renewable capacity right now available to replace it) when we still burn so much natural gas?

Shutting down that nuclear plant now would require that 2.2GW supply to come from somewhere else. And I bet you it would end up coming from fossil-fuel burning. Even if the plan was to spend that $6B on building out solar and batteries, that would take, what... two or three years to come online?

Now, we should be doing both! Keep this nuclear plant online, and accelerate building out solar fields and battery storage. We shouldn't be building more nuclear plants, but things that work today... work today. Shutting this plant down right now would seem like a net negative, carbon-emissions-wise.

[0] https://www.caiso.com/TodaysOutlook/Pages/supply.html
DallE Prompt example, some examples seen on Twitter:

https://x.com/wagnerbeethoven/status/1737570765166289229?s=2...
https://x.com/maevatopia/status/1737565703471784401?s=20
https://x.com/0neMoreL1ght/status/1737564282844258770?s=20
“… with my definition of better” should be the default interpretation whenever you see the word better anywhere.
Some things to note about gpt4:

>Sometimes it will spit out terrible horrid answers. I believe this might be due to time of the day/too many users. They limit tokens.

>Sometimes it will lie because it has alignment

>Sometimes I feel like it tests things on me

So, yes you are right, gpt4 is overall better, but I find myself using local models because I stopped trusting gpt4.
Ongoing discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38711808
Who knows what GamePlanner does, but Airbnb just bought the company
Of course they're not the same, but before people can developer higher spiritual or social purposes they have to develop their material life. For most people, on top of what I just side in the previous sentence, developing their material life itself is a journey that leads them to developing and furthering their social and family life which then leads to a higher spiritual life.

Point being Vincent van Gogh who was "Born into an upper-middle-class family" according to Wiki.

> Also I’d suggest that it’s unfair to paint the poor broadly as not seeking purpose and instead searching for temporary pleasures.

Of course, but I was talking about those poor people who live their lives by becoming dependent on the social states without trying to further their lives. I'm not talking about poor people in general.
Interesting and thorough. Might someone be able to share a link or two on the philosophy of architecting for the use of multiple CSS files such that you end up with what might be more likely-to-change CSS in one file, and then the rest more static in another(s).

More or less taking his advice and then trying to maximize the benefit by trying to anticipate what CSS bits are most likely to be updated.
Thankfully my argument doesn’t actually hinge on subjective experience, yours does.

My explanation is dependent only on the known laws of the universe and biological systems. Your argument is effectively that those don’t matter because your subjective experience seems different. I disagree that’s what even your subjective experience really is, if you decided to pay close attention to it, but again it’s not actually important for my argument.

This was a somewhat reasonable debate before we came to understand that decisions, behaviors, sensory processing are done by the brain (or the biological system more holistically). Now we do understand that. So now in light of that, where does your phenomenon take place?

The universe has two kinds of phenomena, as far as we know: deterministic and random. Neither leaves room for free will. So again: where does it happen? Is our understanding of the physical universe wrong? Does thinking not happen in the brain? Is the brain exempt from physical laws?

Is there a better option that I’m failing to imagine?
The parent article isn't doing anything more than using ChatGPT as a frontend either. The API does all the _work_ (pipeline running, robot control, etc) while ChatGPT uses it's vast knowledge to interpret, analyze and iterate on future commands sent to the API.
Wholesale electricity prices are usually around 10% of retail.
Buddy she is depressed, in debt, and on a ton of pills.
Repairing it seems easier than if it is underground, but certainly it has a failure mode (leak/ flood) that a normal underground pipe doesn't have.

However we're talking about fairly shallow canals (a few metres). I wonder what is the failure rate for reasonably priced semi-flexible prefabricated pipes with a diameter of maybe a metre, or even less.
Too much nesting usually signals that you should decompose it to smaller components.

Same as with regular code and functions — overly deep nesting screams bad code.

Honestly, JSX is just a verbose way of calling functions / constructing objects, which is probably OK if it was a language of its own (XML/HTML) — and even then, JSON/YAML won over XML — but makes little sense being embedded in a language which had functions & object literals from the get-go (JS)!

The only reason JSX exists is because it was a cool marketing feature to convert existing PHP/HTML developers to React. And React succeeded mostly because of that. Not because JSX is cool technology-wise (it isn't). But because it hit the right spot in the right time.
Just applying an inflation adjustment isn't the whole story though. There's more people and more stuff than 20 years ago. New construction requires higher standards through code enforcement than 20 years ago. Infrastructure costs have ballooned way faster than inflation over 20 years, and repair/replace costs more to remove the broken stuff on top of just construction.
Yeah, a 7B foundation model is of course going to be worse when expected to perform on every task.

But finetuning on just a few tasks?

Depending on the task, it's totally reasonable to expect that a 7B model might eke out a win against stock GPT4. Especially if there's domain knowledge in the finetune, and the given task is light on demand for logical skills.
Nuclear also generates base load - I dont think zero fossil fuel is possible (peaking is the hard one to solve), but I know its not even close to possible without replacing the base load supplied by thermal plants - without base load capacity, the grid goes down when the wind doesn't blow and the sun is down.
For reference, my PG&E bill splits out transmission/delivery and generation very conveniently, since SF provides its own power generation utility service. It appears to be closer to 60/40. At PG&E generation rates (a little higher), perhaps up to 55/45.

Incidentally, $0.13748/kWh in generation costs, with an increase of only $0.01/kWh for exclusive wind/solar sourcing.
Land requirement for Solar is negligible. Solar can be installed on lakes, reservoirs, canals, in deserts, on superfund sites, on farmland as agrivoltaics and on highways[1]. All these options are available in California.

A small fraction of land used for ethanol (40M acres) is enough to supply all the electricity that US needs.

But, I agree with you, Diablo Canyon is ready now, we should keep it online. We can't deploy new nuclear anyways, might as well keep the existing ones as long as possible. Besides, it might cost a few billions to decommission anyways.

(1) California Is Ideal For Highway Solar: https://cleantechnica.com/2023/09/05/solar-along-nations-hig...
Bird Enters into Restructuring
Right, now I'd like to see if the UK and EU follow suit.
Seems like we are paying a guild.
This makes me sad -- I liked the Bird scooters much more than the Lime or Spin ones, and parking a bunch of scooters in a parking spot takes up much less space than Citi bike docking stations or Google bikes or cars.

But instead running a scooter rental company became "who is best at navigating municipal RFPs" and the lack of availability brought people back to riding in -- and leasing/buying -- cars.
Usually it's a bankruptcy auction.

Lotta great stuff at bankruptcy auctions. Sure, you can see it as preying upon others' misfortune, but you can also look at it as helping make their creditors whole.
Or profile guided optimization.
> Well at the moment Waymo operates a taxi service, and the only way to use it is as a substitute for Uber/Lyft, so that question answers itself.

but thanks to the gig economy, "professional taxi drivers" basically means anyone with a drivers license.
Leon Bottou isn't a humanities professor, but a ML researcher. In fact, not just any ML researcher but arguably one of the ML researchers who most anticipated the current DL scaling era.

Bottou was arguing for the virtues of SGD on the grounds of "CPUs [GPUs] go brrr" literally 2 decades ago in 2003: https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2003/file/9fb7b048c96d44a0337f0... or here he is in 2007/2012 explaining why larger models/data can scale and keep getting better: https://gwern.net/doc/ai/scaling/2012-bottou.pdf https://gwern.net/doc/ai/scaling/2013-bottou.pdf

Which is not to say that he necessarily has anything worthwhile to say about 'Borges and AI' but I'm going to at least give it a read to see if there's something I might want to know 20 years from now. :)
Yes, the coveted chimeras do exist, yet unlike the fiction in the minds of “hiring managers.”

10x engineers aren’t robots, they’re usually moody and need pay less than work that doesn’t make them feel like dirty whores.

10x engineers DO NOT DO 10x more work, they are 10x more “productive.” This means …

They understand the problem, they don’t rush headlong into make work, they create less problems for themselves (the real engineering overhead), these operate multiple roles with versatility, and often pre-empt problems, especially with humans.

Some can work and work and work, and some apparently do nothing until a flurry of action buttons up months of careful planning.

Find them? What do you have that they would want? It’s better to find a pretty good engineer who will be reliable and promote their taking initiative.
> I expect EU to get there at some point.

IMHO, the EU should have done this yester-five-years-ago. It's absolutely baffling they haven't already, considering they're going to outlaw ICE cars in just 6 years time, yet we don't yet have friggin EV charging regulations in place to ensure it always just works for evryone.

I assume politicians are too busy with the inflation/CoL, wars, migration and how to win the upcoming elections in 2024, to worry that we'll be caught wither our pants down on the EV infrastructure side in a few years, because they've been asleep at the wheel.

Mark my words, come 2029, and everyone's gonna freak out, there will be outcry from the voters, and the ICE ban will be postponed for 5 more years so we can get charging infrastructure sorted.
I have not seen the like nor studied the field
but interpret it as internal over external knowing.
personal experience over dogma of any stripe.
Since this is the second time it's been raised in this post, I looked through all of the author's tweets since October 7th.

This is subjective, but I didn't find anything beyond reasonably mainstream expressions of support for the people of Palestine and anger at Israel's conduct in Gaza. What did you see that was on the verge of unconscionable?
But why not just have contactless bank card payment?

Yeah it is a pain, I have an electric car, but only because they force you to use their broken apps. All they have to do is let you pay with a bank card and it'll be just as easy as buying petrol.
Well, as usual, use whatever language fits your needs best. But Rust's main benefit is not performance, it is safety. There are very few languages in the industry that I feel have my back when it comes to reliability and one of them is Rust.
But this is Elizabeth Line. The newest additional line in London Rails opened in 2022. I expected 4G and 5g coverage from the get go. Not one and half year later.

It would have been much much more impressive if it was the Central line.
I still don't know what they're about :$ clicking in 1... 2... 3.
They could, but there is also a cost to separating the batteries. More cables, which means more resistance, which means inefficiency. Not to mention the extra design and manufacturing costs.

In practice, I don't think any company is meaningfully splitting up their battery pack to take advantage of "better" packaging logistics elsewhere in the frame/body. I know in this example, they could still likely be loosely attached in the same plane, but with less density under the cabin, but I think my point holds.
It came with a lot of strings attached. For instance, in order to use Tesla patents a company cannot attack Tesla for any intellectual property matter. Also, Tesla still makes use of trade secrets and its design patents are not released.

Which is the reason why about no one took on the offer, it is a legal minefield for not that much value. NACS became a thing only after they truly released the standard.
I worked at multiple major video games studio and they all used ImGui internally, most of the time it was for debug in-game ui.
> And most people simply don't care

this is not true and insulting at the same time. Individual people are powerless against organized commercial activity, and, more than one million people in the USA are on payroll with uniform services, so they cannot object.

in addition, the throw-away word "terrifying" is also useless and annoying.. really
At most $6 billion, this is obviously a listing of the worst case, not best or expected cost.
AI Can Diagnose Childhood Autism from Eye Photos