skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For me there's something akin to "postpartum depression" too, an achievement but an emptiness too. The summit for me is right when about to finish, not when it's released.

Congrats on the game, I know games are a lot of hard work! I love resident evil, might give it a go if it runs on linux/proton.
Here is the data. It’s interesting to see how much is varies by type, but with only 25 percent of students attending undergrad programs living at home it does seem like it’s a major part of the college expense.

https://collegeaffordability.urban.org/prices-and-expenses/r...
This might have made sense 20 years ago, but it kind of assumes you're writing code in Notepad. Literally, I type `g` + `Tab` to get an element. I would spend multitudes more time guessing what functions mean than I would typing.
I think the difference is that over time Tesla has streamlined mass production, installation, and reliable operation of their chargers.

They are averaging 1.5 charging stations installed per day over the last year in North America. Each of those stations has at least 8 chargers, some of them have 24, 40, or more.

They have moved to pre-fab construction where a row of 8 chargers are all installed in a concrete slab that can be dropped into a site and commissioned in a very short time period.

Basically nobody else is keeping up with them at charger deployment in the US and that creates a market opportunity for Tesla and a need to make some return on all of that construction by increasing utilization rates.
>It's a shame in a way that all the creative and brilliant uses of text embeddings from similarity embeddings didn't really have any time to shine or go into product before ChatGPT

Yes, it did. Companies that offer competitive search or recommendation feeds were all using these text models in production.
> states like Florida are becoming uninsurable due to climate risks raising the price above what residents can afford, which raises insurance costs for the rest of us in other states.

What ought to happen (IMO) is that the first clause and the second clause should be divorced from each other. If insurance premiums are unaffordably high in Florida, people in Florida have the choice to pay it anyway, self-insure [if they're able], move, or start another insurance company to try to drive down prices.

Smart insurance companies, if they can't make a profit in Florida, should pull out of Florida rather than subsidizing losses in Florida with increased profits (read: higher premiums) in other states.

Smart consumers in other states will place their policies with insurance companies who are not subsidizing actuarially unsound risks in other states.

If your auto insurance company said "even though actuarial data supports its use, we're going to stop using DUI convictions and other serious traffic convictions to influence rates. We expect this will garner us significant new business from a population currently being charged more money for these surchargable events at only a modest increase in cost for other customers" and you were a driver with no such events on your record, would you at least shop for another insurance company? I would. (My insurance company has already stopped writing new policies in Florida and, from what I can tell from a quick Google, is only renewing existing policies for owner-occupants of those properties.)
Does Linux use the RNG inside Intel/AMD CPUs?
v3 will be even smoother. We are migrating to SQLite so startup times will be instant. Performance is a feature.
Tesla has humans supervising when in FSD, so they're included here too.
Not a bad idea.

I actually read papers with the help of ChatGPT-4 and Claude. It helps me quickly understand papers that I don’t have a background in.

For instance when I see something I don’t understand I ask it “can you break that down for me?” Or “is this similar to (concept I know)?”

It’s the new way of doing syntopical reading — but faster and more efficient.

(For the uninitiated, it’s a technique from Mortimer Adler’s How to read a book)
Yes, of course, sending your grandmother a text message is basically identical to you pirating Netflix content.

Right-o.
Also 10 miles from a main airport and on flight path. Sometimes get plane shadows! Not too bad noise wise as they are at 3000ft I think. And either I got used to it but swear they have got quieter over time.
Surely no different than if some company's cars have commonly failing brakes causing people to kill other people. The brake failures will eventually show up in NHTSA data and the company will be responsible.

If the process of this company's brakes failing reaches a sufficient degree of negligence, those people will go to jail.

However the process can take some time. For instance, only a couple of people were sent to jail for Volkswagen's fraud since Germany protects its own for the most part. One of them was jailed when the US grabbed him in Florida while he was trying to return to Germany from being on vacation.
What would you consider to be his best interview? Asking because I always found his interviews (I've only heard a few) to be quite dull, and that was a surprise since he is a pretty interesting guy.
Cable weight corresponds to charging power rating and choice of materials, not plug choice.

A combined CCS2 plug is chunkier and might be a bit heavier, but not compared to, say, using a fuel pump.
What did you find painful?
There are different ways of looking at it.

1. Each hurricane is an independent event. Florida expects 5 hurricanes per year on average. There were 0 hurricanes this year, so by definition we can expect more hurricanes next year (because 5 > 0). However, the fact that there were zero hurricanes this year doesn't influence next year's season in
any way. The statement is just trivially true.

2. Hurricanes are not independent of each other, but rather get stronger the longer you go without one. So if there were none this year then you will likely bear the brunt of it next season. I know this is a thing for earthquakes and other tectonic activity, but not sure if hurricanes work the same way.
md5 hashes are not a reliable indication of anything, since producing images that have collisions can be done in realtime.

https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/46047-md5-collision-...
Wow, that is an impressive recreation of Aero.

I wonder if the taskbar animations are similar? I remember that on Windows 7, a cool animation was that the shine on the taskbar item would follow your cursor.
In most plane crashes, nobody is sent to jail.
> While the Model 3/Y was top seller amongst EV buyers it's overall marketshare is still miniscule.

Perhaps I'm misinterpreting your statement, but the Model Y has become the best selling car in the world. That includes ICE vehicles, not just EVs. If you exclude trucks, I think it has also recently become the best selling car in the US, overtaking the Rav4.
Honestly, I find that as long as the DE keeps the "desktop" metaphor, it's not too difficult to jump ship. Windows 7 was the last version of Windows I used in anger, and I had no trouble switching to Cinnamon DE. Mate would've worked just fine, too. It's GNOME 3 and its ilk that I find frustrating, and keep having to apply tweaks to make it usable for me.

The couple of times I tried Plasma, I loved all the customisability of it; it's awesome that I can apply one theme and now it feels like Windows 7, or a different theme and now it's Unity. But the "default" feel of Plasma just feels overwhelming, and even though I could drill down into fifty levels of settings to get what I want, it still turned me off because what I really wanted was just better defaults...
Is this meaningful?

OK they have a lower crash rate compared to humans. They also just stop in the middle of the street when they get confused and do nothing until someone remotes in to drive them.

I’m sure humans would do a lot better if every time they got unsure they just stopped and never moved again.

Waymo is clearly out in front by a few hundred miles, but touting this seems a little disingenuous to me.
And if you had to defend your position with arguments, what would the big ones be?
> For all intents and purposes, you can't test the individual steps.

Sure you can, and we did (that is a real example of an end to end test from a recent project) which also included testing the individual steps in isolation, which was preceded by testing the individual sub-steps/components of each step (which is the portion that is typically considered unit testing).

For example, step 1 is broken down into the following sub-steps which are all tested in isolation before testing the combined group together:

1.1-Calculate the current on hand inventory from all locations for all products

1.2-Calculate the current in transit inventory for all locations for all products

1.3-Calculate the current open inventory reservations by business partner and products

1.4-Calculate the current in process fulfillments by business partner and product

1.5-Resolve the configurable inventory feed rules for each business partner and product (or product group)

1.6-Using the data in 1.1 through 1.5, resolve the final available qty for each business partner and product

1.7-Construct system specific messages for each system and/or business partner (in some cases it's a one to one between business partner and system, but in other cases one system manages many business partners).

1.7.1-Send to system B

1.7.2-Send to system C

1.7.3-Send to system D

1.7.N-etc.

> And the product of step one is undoubtedly internal state, so there is no way for the test to observe the state change in isolation

The result of step 1 is that over in software system B (an entirely different application from system A) the inventory availability for each product from system A is properly represented in the system. Meaning queries, inquiries, reports, application functions (e.g. Inventory Availability by Partner), etc. all present the proper quantities.

To validate this step, it can be handled one of two ways:

1-Some sort of automated query that extracts data from system B and compares to the intended state from step 1 (probably by saving that data at the end of that step).

or
2-A user manually logs in to system B and compares to the expected values from step 1 (again saved or exposed in some way). This method works when the number of products is purposefully kept to a small number for testing purposes.

> If the individual steps can be tested individually (ignoring a case of you doing something stupid), it's not actually and end-to-end process, so your example would make no sense. Granted, we have already questioned if it is a bad example.

Yes the individual test can be tested in individually. Yes it is an end to end test.

> Granted, we have already questioned if it is a bad example.

It's a real example from a real project and it aligns with the general notion of an end to end test used in the industry.

More importantly, combined with the unit tests, functional tests, integration tests, performance tests, other end to end tests and finally user acceptance tests, it contributed to a successful go-live with very few bugs or design issues.
It's a standard published by SAE:

https://www.sae.org/news/2023/12/sae-j3400-tir-released

Access to Tesla's charging network is a separate issue, but the connector itself is a published standard.
Your problem isn't because you are a non native speaker. I'm a native speaker and struggled to understand their point. They need to write in a more concise manner.
> I think getting it down to a small minority would already be great progress!

We've already reached that point! Crime follows a power law distribution, a tiny sliver of the population is responsible for the vast majority of crime. (The size of the sliver varies, in some places it is 0.1% while in others it reaches 2%, but the vast majority are law-abiding always.)
But also, learn from history. Read books. Luckily, we don’t just have blog-post essays to go on.
Im working on the assumption that they’d need Tesla’s consent to use their interface and protocols.
We already barely punish drivers for killing people (compared to other people who produce deadly outcomes by taking comparable risks). Society seems to have already decided that cars are worth sacrificing a couple lives every now and then.

And if a company is found to produce cars that kill an unexpected number of people we already have criminal laws to deal with it. These are hardly the first heavy machines we build. Even on normal cars you already have this issue with stuck pedals, engines that might not turn off and similar manufacturing defects.
Limited lifespans explains the majority of human behavior, I am not sure how to extrapolate that to something intelligent that's not driven by some biological impetus. The underlying assumptions by everyone I've seen write or speak on this are 1) if something is intelligent it will automatically have internal motivations or drives to either understand alignment like we do, or become dominant out of some need to self realize, and 2) its emergent behavior will be based on anything other than probabilities. How is this different from human behavior? We have internal motivations that require behavioral updates to require based on our interactions with the world and our own limitations. In some manner or another, these internal motivations are all geared towards proliferation. Simply being intelligent does not imbue something with a need to survive and proliferate, which is the primordial root of self determination (applicable to both alignment or domination). Moreover, if we think truly that AGI will be human-like then forcing alignment is cruel...but people are used to doing thoughtless things that they eventually find to be cruel, so nothing new there.
..Because they're dead.
I wonder how much each of their Jags plus the equipment costs?
The article does a fairly detailed analysis of this: Housing affiliated with universities has gotten much more expensive relative no housing unaffiliated with universities over the past twenty years. Combine that with requirements to live on campus and such, and it is more expensive.

Yes, everyone needs a place to live. But not everyone needs to live in a fancy and expensive dorm room like those that come with universities.
"Comparable" human benchmarks may be a bit misleading. Waymo drives far safer and less assertive, on turns it does not push itself into traffic and waits longer...

It is still pretty impressive, but we should compare average speed and such.
I do have something along those lines right now, if a little bit more ad-hoc. I'm pretty aware of my needs.

It's not the point. I enjoy my life the way it is. I like having things I made, and I like my (less-than-well-paid-but-meaningful) work.

There are things you do to save you time, and there are things you do because you enjoy it. About half of the things in my home are homebrew, or at least modified a little bit. I'm perfectly aware I could go from "not rich by HN standards" to "very rich" by spending a few years in a high-paid job, and then paying people to do that for me. However, I'd be spending my time doing things I don't enjoy, in order to... ?
If you self sign I don’t think you’ll be asked for permissions.

I might be mistaken with a more modern macOS. I’m somewhat behind the times with a 2011 MBP - with SSD and 16gb RAM.
Conda is the latest LLM cli frontend that's a MOE of Mistral 7B, LLama 17B, Falcon 32C, and the Yamaha YZ50 quad bike.
Because it looks sick
Student housing is a distinct class of real estate. At least, it used to be.
The data does not answer the question of whether or not housing is reasonably considered a cost of college. Only human analysis can answer that question.
> isn't the housing cost expended regardless of college enrollment

For an article about specifically those arrangements that include dorms, this is overly general.

Dorms used to be the defacto, cheapest living arrangement.
> and traffic will get a lot worse once people are ok with sitting in bad traffic and watching Netflix

This one could go either way I think, traffic might actually improve once autonomous driving is the standard.

I also kinda-sorta hope that if autonomous driving takes over, that cars end up gaining the ability to switch onto and off of rails, I think this would be the ideal end-state... people still maintain the ability to move independently of each other but we have the improved safety of transport on rails.
Thanks for this. I took a stab at unraveling the official CUDA version and never really got around to it after my initial attempt failed. This seems a lot nicer.
> is Mamba potentially more compute-efficient to train for a similar size of model/dataset?

I would like to understand it too as well ...

Here is the citation from original paper:

"Computation. After the parameters have been transformed from (∆, A, B, C) ↦ (A, B, C), the model can be computed in two ways, either as a linear recurrence (2) or a global convolution (3). Commonly, the model uses the convolutional mode (3) for efficient parallelizable training (where the whole input sequence is seen ahead of time), and switched into recurrent mode (2) for efficient autoregressive inference (where the inputs are seen one timestep at a time)."

So the training is parallelizable, like in RetNet with parallel forward mode.
By default inference is done in the recurrent mode, to have a longest possible context. No chunking available, so it is difficult for me to say how much RAM and VRAM it will consume during the inference ...
Thanks. I suspected there was more to it on the iPhone side, but I'm an Android user and hadn't dug in to it as much.
Yep https://gitgud.io/wackyideas/aerothemeplasma/-/raw/master/Sc...
You can use llama2 to do embedding and summaries and chat.

Turning the docs into questions is something I will test on stuff (just learning and getting a feel).

I am intrigued... what makes a good vector index??
>The reason "simplify" is not the first step, is that it's possibly the most common mistake of a smart engineer to optimize something that should not exist.
Ask HN: How do you decide a non-fiction book is worth your time?
Books, especially non-fiction books, are big investments in terms of time and attention.

Before I came across a book called "How to Read a Book" [1], my philosophy was to simply to read book that's recommended to me and simply finish it - there must be something from the book that is of value. After reading HTRAB I realised that time spent reading a bad book is time not spent reading a good one. Thus I want to be better at assessing a book before I actually decide to read it.

"How to Read a Book" also suggests "Systematic skimming", which involves (some personal steps in the list):

- Reading the preface

- Reading the Table of Contents

- Checking the Index - Searching for a topic I might know a little bit about, and checking what the book says about that topic

- For books that rely on research (most (pop)sci/political books), I usually check the quantity of sources at the back of the book - however I am not sure how to check for the quality of those sources. I wonder if there is a website where I can put in ISBN and it gives me a "sources quality score"?

- Skip to a random chapter, read a page or two

- Search stackexchange/HN if for any mentions of the book to see what other people say about it

- Look up Author(s) and what they are about

What do you think? Any suggestions, additions to this list? How do you decide it?

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Read_a_Book
Oh my gosh, another one-file PyTorch implementation. This is fantastic. I'd like to hope that some of my previous work (hlb-CIFAR10 and related projects, along with other influences before it like minGPT, DawnBench, etc.) has been able to help push the 'simple, single-file, reduced-complexity' format forward a bit. I personally think that this kind of work is critical to efficient ML research, and that is possibly one of the most important things that we can do for the field today.

Research progresses at the speed of innovation, which progresses with the inverse of experiment runtime, which is definitely and absolutely related to the underlying Kolmogorov Complexity of the code w.r.t. a research/simple-hackery-focused objective.

I really cannot stress enough how important to research tools like this are and how much they've sped up the knowledge discovery process for me personally. Being able to quickly sketch out ideas, often in minutes, and get immediate, high-snr results back has become an indispensable part of my research progress. While we seem to really good at some of the specifics of some of the detailsresearch, and somehow have extremely information-efficient training processes, we have not applied the same logic seemingly on the whole to the entire research field!

Knowledge distillation and/or the MDL (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_description_length) are excessively important I think to reversing a lot of the constant fluff, cruft, and overly dense thrash-and-hope-you-don't-get-scooped-by-other-researchers-on-marginal-value-topics trend that I think has largely been encouraged by the current paper submission/review/etc process.

I've been wanting to try to get around this and move a bit more towards a slightly better scaling solution recently. One of these things is that I've started distributing my code in 1-file, self-contained, short rough gists as 'code sketches', which shortens dev time and gets rough, unpolished, working code for a concept in people's hands. It seems to work pretty well so far, I hope to continue doing it! <3 :'))))

In any case, this is extremely exciting stuff, and everyone -- please! More code like this! We're researchers on learning data in a largely-scaled way, let's be data-efficient in how we disseminate information as well! It's a dream come true to see a lot more of this stuff coming down the pipeline, fantastic work and keep it coming! <3 :')))) Woop woop woop!!!!

Excellent stuff. <3 :'))))
Eh, when words lose functionality they either fall out of use or change meaning.

AI basically means things brains and computers both do, but this is only a useful term when brains do those things better than computers. Usually once computers definitively surpass brains we've moved on to just calling that computing.

Maybe that won't be the case and the term "AI" will either solidify as a broad category, or fall out of use, but it also might continue to refer to that-which-is-left-to-do, the things we're still better at than computers.
> The problem is that it's not a person driving, it's a vehicle that's property of a company. If that vehicle kills someone, the company is responsible. Who goes to prison?

If a car causes injury or death or property damage due to a manufacturing defect, then there is chain-of-commerce liability for everyone between the manufacturer and the buyer, most jurisdictions make the operator responsible for assuring it is maintained in safe condition as well. And none of these liabilities excluded the others.

But, no, usually, unless there is an unusual degree of intentionaloty and/or deception, no one will go to prison.
These files had to be named terrapin-mitigation.conf to work for me.
I had to realize that for people like this the "Right Way" is the hobby, not the Discord bot.
> You can't find a good middle ground without stepping a bit too far in both directions.

This is beautiful. So short, so apt, so instantly relatable and palpable.
This looks fantastic. Well done!
The RDRAND instruction usage is configurable
https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/...

edit: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/55cb5f43689d7a9ea5bf3...