skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> How would you even begin to assemble a list of prompts that would cover all of knowledge?

They don't need to, all that knowledge is already in public training sets from scraping the internet.

What is harder to get is the answer patterns to ensure good user experience. You want a lot of such answer patterns so the model knows what structure to use for different kinds of questions. That structure isn't to make the result formatted for humans, but contains reasoning paths the LLM takes in order to arrive at reasonable answers. Since an LLMs thinking is the words it writes the structure of how it responds thus corresponds to thinking patterns, and you want the LLM to learn a lot of those, internet data wont contain that but ChatGPT responses will.

TLDR: The words an LLM writes is also what it thinks, since it doesn't hide thoughts, so by training on what ChatGPT writes you also train on how it thinks. It isn't the facts you want but the thinking patterns.
I’ve had this happen leaving the EU earlier in the year. It was either AMS or CDG airport where I didn’t get a stamp. Hadn't noticed until I got home.
5 times the price of it in my country. Ouch
Use AI for boring website testing
Most [everything] is bad. It's your job to find the good ones and enjoy them.
Because housing is a basic need. Pricing people out allows you to raise the floor; keeping units vacant artificially restricts the supply and makes people more desperate.

https://www.propublica.org/article/yieldstar-rent-increase-r...
Since Google is using the world's images and text in their search index, are they obligated to share it with competitors as well?
this is pretty neat. having users and roles baked in definitely makes it simpler to get something deployed publicly sooner.
Super Productivity is a todo list app with Timeboxing and time tracking
Show HN: Simple Script for Enhanced LLM Interaction in Vim
I've just created a simple bash script for personal use that makes it easier to interact with ChatGPT through VIM.

Essentially, the script uses SimonW's superb client llm[0], and vipe[1].

[0]: https://github.com/simonw/llm

[1]: https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils/
Small summary

Some devs are 10x. Some people are talented designers. I'm a regular dude.

But I have one little flex few of my colleagues have: I got specialized in dev and training missions in hard-to-reach places.

Those missions have different requirements that traditional ones. You can't assume you'll have anything at hand, so you need to pack all sorts of things, from a bar of soap to HDMI cables to protective gloves to a hunting knife.

You'll pack 2 laptops, 2 IDs, and assume one will get lost, stolen or destroyed.

And you'll set up a lot of software to be available to work offline.
Give yourself more opportunities to latch onto the card.

Instead of Name -> Birthday, try "X's birthday is in {month}", or "Y's birthday is the {N}th of January" or "Z's birthday is just before {some notable date, like Christmas}" or "A's birthday is just after {B ... someone whos birthday you remember}". e.g. I remember my best friend's wife's birthday because it occurs shortly after mine. I remember a girl who I used to live across from 25 years ago because her birthday was just before mine.

This way, you have multiple different ways of relating to the information. If the related key date is coming up, you can think "oh...Z's birthday is around now"...which should be enough for you to functionally act on it.

Try to avoid the mindset of single cards. If you _really_ want the information, break it down in different ways.

Wrestling with the information in this way is a good way to find patterns and relations to it in the first place (put the information IN your brain well)...then use spaced repetition to practice getting the information OUT of your brain well.
Any amount of employee time spent exploring options that aren’t pursued could be framed that way.

I think it’s a pretty successful operation when you can make the exploration and come to the conclusion that it’s not a going to work, then pivot.

Sticking to the decision no matter what would be much worse.
So they'll be more incentivized for profit, not less. Also, OP never said any of this, you're just doing the thinking it out for them.

My point is the housing being built isn't going to serve the those who are housing insecure or migrants working construction jobs. If anything these places are taking over the neighborhoods that used to serve that sector.
The thing is that most people never ever have to deal with codes of conduct because, as it turns out, treating other with respect, really isn’t a difficult thing to do.
We should really change the tax structure so folks who prefer low density actually have to pay for the privilege instead of being entirely subsidized by urban environments. Suburban streets cannot pay for themselves on a suburban tax base. It’s entirely unsustainable.

https://youtu.be/7IsMeKl-Sv0?si=o38eBps-znTt3Cez
Yes. Too expensive, range anxiety and also having a garage is a plus. China dumping EVs on the EU market will fix the first part. But it will also screw up the complacent EU auto industry.
The gotcha is acting like this hasn't been a thing on the internet since the 90's.
I encountered similar issues with FTS5, I found you can clean it up slightly with a CTE

WITH matches(id) AS (
SELECT rowid FROM address_fts WHERE address_fts MATCH 'google'
)
...
WHERE
fa.rowid IN matches
OR
ta.rowid IN matches

You can also have more complex queries, such as if you want to match multiple domains (MATCH 'google OR gmail').

It makes it slightly easier to generate queries since you only have to generate the CTE and then you can just use the CTE name everywhere else.
Save the $10 and look at the selection of online virtual slide rules at https://www.sliderules.org/.
I've experienced Bluetooth issues like that before on Windows. 100% of the time it's been solved by using a better Bluetooth adapter. I don't have any issues after using actually good Bluetooth adapters, such as modern Intel ones.
what i'm asking is (and i think others are too) is: is there any evidence that republicans would support or even propose anything like medicare for all?

for example, is there a draft bill from republicans for such a thing? etc
That’s okay with me if it means I have lots of space to live and don’t need to hear or see neighbors.
It does not matter. It has power to suspend access.
OpenAI can suspend ByteDance's account because they can.

Not sure if a dribbble user can suspend OpenAI.
> Once you distinguish all events you’re fine with and want to migrate your relational data, don’t try to cheat; don’t put your events as small and granular. Relational data is flattened; if you try to retrofit what happened from the final state, you will likely fail or not be precise at best.

.. what?
On the other hand, from a user perspective who knows when that recompile will happen in the case of devs who are less attentive, too busy, or only doing this app thing as a side hobby.
It's ok, the wheel is turning and now reality has come to bite them in the ass. CommonCrawl supplied the text and LLMs replace their index, for a large number of requests. A new crop of search engines like phind.com and perplexity.ai have better than Google results.
You're listing things that are required, but there are also some things that need to be removed. A constant threat of being attacked, evicted, starving etc can really weigh on a person. Physical illness also needs to be treated. If rent is going up and medical treatment is harder to get, that's going to cause mental health problems.
There are several talks by the author:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gG6DGmYKk4I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jnDchr5eabI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArcypYS5XBQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uODSwR2CIV4

He also maintains samples on GitHub:

https://github.com/oskardudycz/EventSourcing.NetCore

https://github.com/oskardudycz/EventSourcing.NodeJS

https://github.com/oskardudycz/EventSourcing.JVM
Not an expert but I suspect it would be most useful for the instruction tuning and fine-tuning phases. They would pre-train the model on some huge dump of stuff from the internet like the Pile -- Wikipedia, books, Reddit scrapes and so on, and the result would be something that can predict next words really well but doesn't know it's meant to answer questions. That's the pre-train. The next step is to train that on transcripts of chats so that it specialises in those, and finally on chats that have the balance of helpfulness and harmlessness that you want. Those latter two need significantly less data, but still more than you can cheaply produce with humans, so they could use OpenAI to generate it. But perhaps it's a small enough amount that even if you need an LLM to generate it economically, it's affordable to have humans read through it and throw away anything excessively hallucinated. Or perhaps you can restrict the scope of the conversations to ones where hallucinations are unlikely, and trust that fine tuning on them won't prevent the LLM from digging into its deeper knowledge in use.
Sansa, Fiio, there are some nice options both for tiny sports players and "hifi" market.
I wonder how Much of it is global warming vs other effects! Would be nice to see a even longer historical overlay of the changes. Or even have the values corrected for anomalies that are not an effect of human involvement.
AFAIK: you also link to a different (lower!) glibc version from the one on which you do the compilation, probably solving the problem you had without having an excuse that you linked an "untested" library.
In math textbooks, the exercises contain much of the exposition. Some is in the answers. And some of facts you are expected to learn only appear in your own workings.

So "reading" a math textbook misses most of it.
what other reason can there be for very, very bad authors have new editions of books come out every year and get enforced on students by tenured clowns?
I’ve tutored many students in math and it’s really common for people to feel the way you do. They’ve had bad experiences at some point or another, whether it’s with teachers or classmates.

There are a lot of different reasons why students feel the way you do and (unfortunately) give up on math. It’s a shame because I believe most of those reasons are specific to the high school setting and from what I’ve seen, students have a much better time if they come back to math later in life and study without that environment.

Interest also plays a role, of course. And not everyone will have the interest to go back and study again, later in life.
> they'll be more incentivized for profit, not less

Why would any of this change developers' profit motive?

> the housing being built isn't going to serve the those who are housing insecure

We agree. This is because housing supply is constrained. That raises its price, which makes it unaffordable for more people. Removing supply constraints changes that.

Also, new luxury housing absolutely lowers housing prices. I've seen it personally. A luxury building opened nearby. I figured there was a 10 to 15% difference after accounting for amenities like its gym, in exchange for more space and a quieter apartment. Others clearly did the math, because we lost two people in the building to it. I showed my math to the landlord, told them I was considering decamping, and negotiated down my rent. I told my neighbours and they each did the same. We had more choices, and so had to pay less. Basic supply and demand.
“AI” is already running on every single laptop and phone. If you mean diffusion models (like this), then I’d say it’s 100% guaranteed they’ll run everywhere too, since they’ll get faster and more refined, and processing power keeps growing (it doesn’t even have to grow fast)
Generative AI has basically made what were once fairly irrelevant edge cases (what if I tie together a bunch of random number generators to create art work?) a lot more interesting. And laws will probably have to be adapted.
Why federal efforts to protect schools from cybersecurity threats fall short
> That idea would transfer to plane seats? But airlines famously sell the the same standard of seats at all kinds of different prices and fill the plane.

Airlines also famously sell _the same_ seats multiple times and hope people don't show up. You can't do that with housing.
One of them is completely natural and accepted in America and the other are boob's.

I feel like is nudity wasn't so taboo and sexualized it may not be that bad.

But I do realize there's a difference between erotica art like in the video and art that happens to contain nudity.
How does it compare with Xmage and cockatrice?
To be fair, despite the title, the article does describe digital mechanical calculators as "digital."

An amusing aside, amongst electronics and audio people, there's an ongoing debate about whether a switchmode power supply or amplifier is "digital." Also, when CD players first came out, I was in a stereo shop, and some speakers were labeled as "digital ready."
Making matters confusing is the fact that the phrase "a young galaxy" is commonly used to refer to a galaxy formed when the universe was young – if it’s far away (high redshift, z >> 1) and as such we see it the way it was when the universe was young!

This specific study, however, looked for more nearby galaxies (z < 1, we see the light that was emitted a few billion years ago) so these galaxies (as we see them) are in fact "old".

I think essentially all existing galaxies either formed >10 Gy ago or are the results of galaxy mergers – so in that sense there are no "young", recently-formed galaxies in the universe at all as the raw material was long ago used up. As such in astro-talk "young galaxies" can fairly unambiguously mean "far-away galaxies". But formally they’d be called high-z or high-redshift galaxies.
I've got nothing smart to say about databases on a Saturday
I don't. Have you ever heard a sonic boom before? Supersonic aircraft are useless over land for that reason alone, and if the regulations regarding supersonic flight over land were lifted then the net result would be a small number of wealthy jetsetters subjecting hundreds of millions to ongoing, unpredictable, maddening explosions, akin to living in a warzone. This scenario is one of the worst plausible futures that I can imagine. Supersonic passenger jets are a dead end.
The point is to take a pause to consider it. People are generally quick to throw things out or make commitments without thinking it through, see it all the time

It sounds like your team considered it - we can’t see an obvious why, it’s much easier to replace, and if there’s a second order consequence we will learn
Sorry, I saw that a bit late. I don't think I can recommend any reading for your particular conundrum. That falls into the area of general normative ethics. My area is formal axiology in metaethics, which concerns the structure and logic of "good" and "better than" comparisons. That area of inquiry is neutral about what values are the right ones, it concerns how to make decisions on the basis of given values, and what structural constraints these values have. Such a theory has normative components, but these are very abstract. For example, I have defended a theory of value structure according to which values come in different qualities; some values can outrank other values, which has far-reaching consequences for decision-making (e.g. expected utility can no longer be used, even if one is willing to endorse it otherwise).

As you can imagine, there are many approaches to normative ethics, international law, and the ethics of the rules of war. I'm by no means an expert in any of them and also do not believe that moral philosophers have authority regarding specific normative judgments. When I said I feel obliged to say something about the topic, I was more or less talking about a personal feeling of responsibility rather than claiming any moral authority. What I can recommend is to not be a consequentialist in moral evaluations of specific decisions, though consequentialist considerations are important in policy-making when statistical data is available. Motives and intentions matter a lot, and their roles are also codified in international law.

My personal take on the subject is that the military intervention in Gaza so far is morally justified. Deaths per bombings are low (not high, as some people claim) if you take victim numbers provided by Hamas and numbers about target bombings by IDF. Civilian:combatant casualty ratio is alleged to be around 2:1, which is also low for urban combat. But the main reasons why I believe it is justified are that there is no other alternative to put Hamas out of power, or at least substantially reduce the power of Al Qassam brigades, no past actions of Israel could in any morally relevant sense justify the Hamas terror attacks, I see no compelling evidence that the IDF or Israeli government wants to commit genocide (which, by definition, requires intention), Hamas endorse terrorism and self-portray as jihadists, there is an ongoing hostage crisis, Hamas has often attacked Israel in the past, and Israel has a right to prevent future attacks. Consequentialist counting of the number of victims plays only a minor role and, as far as I know, is also not very relevant from a legal point of view. Commensurability in the rules of war is relative to the military goals, and must be judged on a case by case basis. I've read and agree with how this is defined in the Geneva Conventions.

Neither that Palestinians are oppressed (or feel that way) nor whether some land belongs to them or not plays any substantial role in my personal moral assessment because these do not justify terrorism and hostage-taking.

Anyway, that's just my personal take on it. Sorry I'm unable to give you any good reading recommendation.
> In my interactions I was genuinely surprised by the really large percentage of homeless who preferred to live on the streets (even in the winter) over decent shelters without many of these risks, because of pets not being allowed. For many the companionship with the pets are quite literally keeping them sane, and there’s no way they’d give them up, and yet the vast majority of shelters have a no pet policy (again, understandable, but it still is a contributing problem).

The few shelters I've looked into have a huge list of rules that are strictly enforced which quickly turned me away. And they were in old, run down, dirty buildings. It almost seemed like they didn't want anybody to use the shelters, and very few appeared to be using them.
They are wildly popular. It's not the government preventing people from building what they want (though that's the proximate mechanism).

It's people who live there and voted in the government and advocated for those policies. This is not a government problem, but a people's preferences problem.
Morality and legality aside, there's a substantive difference between use of content and use of a model. Pretraining a GPT 4-class model from raw data requires trillions of tokens and millions of dollars in compute, whereas distilling a model using GPT 4's output requires orders of magnitude less data. Add to that the fact that OpenAI is probably subsidizing compute at their current per-token cost, and it's clearly unsustainable.

The morality of training on internet-scale text data is another discussion, but I would point out that this has been standard practice since the advent of the internet, both for training smaller models and for fueling large tech companies such as Google. Broadly speaking, there is nothing wrong with mere consumption. What gets both morally and legally more complex is production - how much are you allowed to synthesize from the training data? And that is a fair question.
This is not true. Microsoft uses teams heavily internally. Zoom slack and others banned unless it's a customer requirement

Source: msft employee
Bytedance will still have access to the same open internet as OpenAI had. But it does not have the weights and the parameters.

However by asking ChatGPT questions and recording their answers, you can use that to fine-tune the model they are creating. They can tell their own model to answer the way ChatGPT answered.

In short they are copying how ChatGPT would answer. and not finding out for themselves by creating their own Question and answer (or completion) datasets.

That is what RLHF is.
But anyway, Chinese companies will be able to compete here, as this will be commoditized quickly and China is the king of creating and selling commodities.
> Serious question: If not the economy, then what?

That's a very good question, however you ask it.

A problem when you go looking for the root cause of things, if you can
bear to ask "why?" more than five times, is that you can go around in
circles or start seeing things that aren't there. That's definitely
going to happen if you go looking for the end of rainbow like "The
Economy" [0].

Other nebulous categories like "mental health" or "immigration" don't
add much to the conversation. but kick the can into someone else's
camp.

It also a difficult question because in a sense it's a void question
in world where we reduce _everything_ to "economics" - all human
affairs, structures and processes - to the point where it seems
there's nothing left that lies outside the realm of economics. (Maybe
that tells us "economics" has lost its power as a concept word and
pursuit, if we have problems that seem to lie outside of it.)

So when I hear someone say "It's not about 'The Economy'" what I'm
really hearing isn't "it has nothing to do with economics" (because
everything does), but "I don't think economists can understand and fix
this". And that's a valid observation - that people who think as
economists have a serious blind-spot and defecit of real power.

[0] If there isn't already there should be a South Park episode where
"The Economy" is kept in a glass box at the City Hall and Eric steals
it to sell at school.
Indeed. I jumped the gun with that bitter comment, having just spent two weeks trudging through 700 pages of Murakami's The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, which was far too weird for my liking.
How smart is this anyway? Isn't this what causes the Model Collapse?
In 2015 I took a slide rule with me when I took my US ham radio license exams. I also took an HP-15c [1], which is what I actually used, but I wasn't sure that the calculator would be allowed [2] so brought the slide rule just in case.

The exam is multiple choice and usually the choices are far enough apart that you don't need very much accuracy to figure out which one must be the right one, so even rudimentary slide rule skills would be sufficient. You usually just need to get 1 or 2 significant digits and the right order of magnitude.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP-15C

[2] If your calculator has memory or is programmable you have to convince the examiner that you have cleared memory and erased all your programs.
Strictly speaking, that isn't true, and it is plausibly, non-frivoulously, actionable.
Sure yeah, or we could accept the settled science and move on to fixing the problem before the ice caps are gone and frozen methane hydrates vent from the ocean and kill much of the globe.
I guess it's less about how much energy per passenger, but what the energy source is. A plane or jet have to fight hard against the atmosphere to defy gravity. That absolutely cannot be decarbonized for passenger flight. But an airship floats. If you're only energy requirement is pushing a floaty thing around you can absolutely decarbonize. Batteries? Probably. How about one of the nukes that powers a sub? No idea! Maybe!