skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Interfaces:

* Allow for easy testing and mocking, especially to external services

* Allow for easy swap out of functionality

* Allow for useful tactics like type switching, etc.

And a note on YAGNI:

> software rarely undergoes radical changes once in production

Depends on your definition of radical. But it's not uncommon to switch underlying databases, APIs, cloud providers (if using cloud native components), etc. "Yagni requires (and enables) malleable code." - Martin Fowler. According the Fowler interfaces ARE the definition of YAGNI.

YAGNI: Ya ain't gonna need it...until you do.
Yes, automated tests are better than manual. The subtle point I'd missed is to consider not giving the dev team your automated test to improve the odds they fix the general pattern as opposed to your point instance.

The statistical side to it is really interesting too, still thinking about that.
Alas, the focus is on optimizing job placement at graduation, so intellectually engaging choices are lower priority. We’re in a situation where CS departments are incentivized to spend every year that a student is in school optimizing their ability to produce BFS or DFS in Python within 15 minutes.
If anything you are understating it. The average American is much more well off than the average European, much more likely to live in a climate controlled home that is heated or cooled to a comfortable temperature year round, pays significantly less to fuel his vehicles (and is likely to own more of them), has a bigger home, and so forth.
When I said "ubuntu", it a reference to huge and mainstream elf/linux distros.

So to work around ABI instability from the glibc/gcc, you were building a container for each game you wanted to play, this is obviously past the point of being reasonable.

Weird, I did already clone this repo. I could not find pressure vessel code, I guess I missed it??? (BTW, this is a gigantic project, bad omens).
South Korea to see population plummet to 1970s levels, government says
While I agree with the rational component of the article (webp may be inappropriate for artistic photos) I had to force myself to read it. The "t" in the font screws me up completely, I tried twice to wipe the screen of my phone then thought that maybe it's a background picture getting in the way.

So overall I find author's aesthetic sense very questionable which contrasts with his high-moral-ground tone.
Ask HN: Research papers on LLM prompt engineering?
What are relevant research papers on LLM prompt engineering techniques? I'm building a custom GPT with research papers in its knowledge base, to help you craft highly optimized prompts.
Doubt it, they were getting that way through all the dot com bubbles. I lived through them there
I-Phyre: Interactive Physical Reasoning
When kids grow up into adults, they do not always become massively different persons in their core. Oftentimes, creative kids grow up into creative adults. Their hobbies often remain or they still look back fondly on their old hobbies. And when they are bored, they sometimes go back to their old hobbies, due to nostalgia. You see it everywhere, in music people listen to, books they read, etc

All of that is ok. Plus, majority of lego kits go to kids.
Not a book, but I recommend the database class lectures from @apavlo's group at CMU.

https://www.youtube.com/c/cmudatabasegroup

All the classes (intro and advanced) are online, as well as presentations and lectures about industry products.

They are very useful.

Also, from a more high level theoretical CS and less physical-implementation focused POV, the "Alice" book ("Foundations of Databases") is amazing (though very dense and mathematical). Focuses on the relational algebra and Datalog (and the translation of that into the Rel Algebra). Getting print copies is hard now (my used copy arrived with a broken spine and pages falling out), but the entire book is online: http://webdam.inria.fr/Alice/
I considered AI for immigration and reached the same conclusion. It just can't reason about these very delicate situations to the level of a barely trained professional.
Ottlitz is now the CEO of the Spiegel Verlag, at least that's what their own page says [1]. Wikipedia probably should be updated.

[1] https://gruppe.spiegel.de/unternehmen
Yes. It may be how you're expressing this interest tho, because they may worry that you won't have your focus on keeping the rest of the team unblocked & productive

Say you're interested in doing code review
I hear you, but Twitter has been adding new features, no? They introduced community notes, video streaming capabilities etc...
The incredible part for me is that technical exploits can now be written in plain English - really a blurry line between this and social engineering. What a time to be alive!
Another book I found very useful (though this DI book is more modern) is Raghu Ramakrishnan Database Management Systems book.
Apple did not "invent" instant messaging.
Timnit Gebru says harmful AI systems need to be stopped
Yeah, I can't reasonably buy one. But rent one to do some maths? Good odds.

There are some existing APU systems - I use low wattage ones as thin clients. Currently thinking it should be possible to write code that runs slowly on a cheap APU and dramatically faster on a MI300A system. Debug locally, batch compute on AWS (or wherever ends up hosting these things).
It's a different sent of protocols, reducing the surface area of successful breach strategies. If you simply added three digits to credit card numbers but maintained the same protocols on the credit card numbers, it wouldn't improve security nearly as much. There's fewer tactics that will successfully get you N+M digits those that would get you the N digits. Most 2FA works the same way. It's not like the six digits of Google Auth add security, but the protocols around them.

To put it another way: the value of those extra three digits is that they are indeed "more secret". They exist on far fewer hard drives.
Overall I found the statement to be solid. I would like a more detailed follow up analysis to demonstrate they actually did more then just roll back to last version and make a bug fix of the root cause.

There should be changes to their release process to test and ensure this won’t happen. Also, I’d like to see a real root cause analysis of some sort.
Not quite what you're looking for, but there's a video about Wikipedia that will make you say "oh, shit" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kaaYvauNho
Look I think Beeper Mini and the whole thing is silly, but no, Android users are not refusing to use the apps available for their phones. iMessage is not available for Android.
They won’t and it won’t be.
Yeah, my main point is that saying "the EU" when talking about the Council can be disingenuous - technically it's more like "national governments of member countries" rather than the institution. Both Commission and Parliament are technically closer to expressing the will of "the EU" as a body than the Council.
This resource has been invaluable to me: https://paperswithcode.com/

From the past examples you give it sounds like you were into computer vision. There’s been a ton of developments since then, and I think you’d really enjoy the applications of some of those classic convolutional and variational encoder techniques in combination with transformers. A state of the art multimodal non-autoregressive neural net model such as Google’s Muse is a nice paper to work up to, since it exposes a breadth of approaches.
It is a poor person's version of a password for using the credit card, only available to people that has the credit card in their hands. Not silly at all.
Well put about they want laws like that because they are doing things against their citizens.

The Netherlands simply don’t care about the law. They do what they want with impunity then changed the law on 2020 so that it’s not punishable for all government to lie under oath in court so they can cover up what they do. They can’t be held accountable for obstruction of then they don’t care what the wording of any laws are.
The age recommendations on lego kits are pretty accurate in my experience. As in, kids in that age range can handle the kid without trouble and it suits their interests.

For example, they really like those tiny little inside thingies.
1. It really depends on how you think. I assume that people with strong visualization abilities generally tend to use those abilities to reason and think about many different things, like math or code or filesystems or even, say, cooking. But other people use different "internal modalities" to reason about the same things.

As a photographer, one of the skills you develop is to have a concept of a photo in your mind before actually taking the picture. Likely this is the same for any visual form of art. Literally previsualizing what you want to express seems to be the most obvious way to think about it, but I assume there are also other ways that make more sense to less visually-oriented people.
Former White House scientist was scammed out of $655,000
So what?

The average depreciation you mention is real, but it also assumes average use. These are sitting ready, and presumably / should be being maintained (e.g., periodically started, driven, fluids & battery checked, tires rotated or lifted to not flat-spot).

And the intended use here is for their own driving. They really DGAF about resale value as cop cars are typically maintained in-house and driven until they are no longer useful for the PD, then sold for really cheap (two friends each bought one for ~$1500, and they still got a few years of use).

So that typical depreciation you cite doesn't matter, and they save the entire pile of cost of switching over to new vehicles for at least one extra generation.

As long as they store them in a place and way that keeps them ready and prevents rot, it's a good plan.
It's kind of silly though. They are no more "secret" than your credit card number itself or expiration date.

Apple Card rotates the CCV (fixed time interval, AFAICT, not per transaction), so it is a secret, even if only temporarily.

Once you give it out once or hand your credit card to literally anyone, it's out.

Sure, the cashier now has it, but they're not supposed to be entering it into a database so that everyone has it, hence the "PCI" part.
Interesting read.

I guess I'm out $90 Jan 1st, lol. This set is amazing.
In a "good" embedding, they do.
They usually (always?) get rotated at the same time as the expiration date.
I think the writers were being too clever.
I’ll never forget when a Citibank employee that processes mortgage applications asked me for my credit card over email.

They also had a “secure messaging center” that would take your message, put it in a PDF, password protect the PDF, and then send it to the email address along with instructions for them to login to the website to get the PDF password.

The list goes on of bad things banks do with security and is a blatant reminder, “rules for thee but not for me”
Is it really so blurry? Social engineering is about fooling a human. If there is no human involved, why would it be considered social engineering? Just because you use a DSL (English) instead of programming language to interact with the service?
Ed is the standard text editor, after all.
> To make a conclusion about how a codec handles image features you need to to quantitative comparison across a big enough data set to make conclusions about any kind of generalized quality.
>
> Cherry-picking a single image is useful only for fanboy screeching.

Do you really expect a photographer to prepare a quantitative codec comparison benchmark? All they have is anecdotal evidence, and I think it is fair for them to criticize and make decision based off of their own anecdotal evidence.

> This goes triple for modern codecs like JPEG XL, VP8/9, AV1/AVIF, etc. because they deliberately make tradeoffs when compressing based on how the image will SEEM to people, not how pixel correct it is. Note just how many people say they barely notice a problem - this is where WebP made the tradeoff. JPEG did it elsewhere (e.g. text).

No one is going to sit here and claim that WebP performs better on all images or JPEG performs better on all images. Obviously there is going to be some kind of tradeoff.

TBH, my gripe with WebP is not that it's worse than JPEG. IMO it is in fact better than JPEG in most cases.

My problem is that it is only an incremental improvement over JPEGs. We are breaking compatibility with the universal image formats and we get the following benefits:

- 15-25% better compression

- animation

- transparency

- lossless compression

On the other hand, we could break compatibility, adopt JXL and get the following benefits:

- lossy compression on par with WebP

- animation

- transparency

- lossless compression that is marginally better than WebP

- actually kinda not break backwards compatibility because you can convert JPEG -> JXL losslessly

- enhanced colorspace support

- progressive decoding

- very fast decode speed

- support for ultra-large images

Adopting WebP would be great. But why adopt WebP when instead you can adopt JXL which is superior in terms of features and on par in terms of compression?
Yeah, I can draw one. I actually took a lot of art classes, so it is kind of hardwired into me how to draw. That said, my lighthouse will not have details in it that someone who can recall a photograph of one might. Here is kind of how my brain describes a lighthouse for me to draw it: cone-shaped, white brick, wooden door at base, a platform on top without walls, a small shingled roof, large rotating light.

As I am drawing the lighthouse the part that I'm working on will have more descriptors popup in my inner voice. Like say I'm drawing the door, I will hear: "vertical slats, arched top, dark weathered wood" and as I drill into each of those, I will hear more words in my head.

Maybe I trained myself to do that over many many years of art classes, but I can't remember that not being the case.
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Modulex, that's rare!!

If you find some keep it.
ED IS THE STANDARD!!!

TEXT EDITOR.
There is a another famous one, focusing on Postgres: https://www.interdb.jp/pg/.
yup, you've taken words right out of my mouth. I am just curious what was the output of the 85% of engineers that were fired. Mind you, among them were ver senior/director level, so it wasn't just college graduates and middle managers
Just get into the proper forums and see all the data offered for sale.
This is circular logic.

So what real world problems we have right now that depend on making convolution faster?
I have Delta Dental through employer and I'm pretty sure I've never had to give them any CC info. Any copays go directly to the dentist.
The amount of ill-gotten gains from adulterating/bulking up your product is directly proportional to its value by mass. An applesauce pouch weighs like 100g and costs $1 each, so you'd expect to get $10 per kg of lead added. Meanwhile cinnamon costs $30/kg, so it's roughly 3x as profitable.

Of course, this assumes the lead is free, which isn't the case, but that actually makes adulterating cinnamon even more profitable by comparison. For instance if lead costs $5/kg, then you'd make $5/kg of profit on the applesauce vs $25/kg on the cinnamon, making it 5x as profitable.
Paddy Cosgrove sends lawyers to Bessemer for smear against Web Summit
Conversations around this kind of thing are so fascinating to me, because they seem to present this fundamental breakdown in human communication - how impossible it is to convey what 'really is going on' inside your mind.

The idea (to me) that people can just see full-fledged lifelike photos in their mind is crazy, especially with low effort. I can't really draw things in my mind very well but I can 'pretend' I see them, blurring the line between 'knowing I'm seeing something' and 'actually seeing that thing'.

But, is that the same thing as actually visualizing that object? It feels like it for most use cases, but then there's some task that actually would be way easier if I could legitimately 'see' that thing, and suddenly everything becomes more complicated.
This is going to trace back to China - watch. This reeks of the Melamine scandal.
Haha...I'm surprised to find this on HN. Just to comment on a note made in this study: "While MIT provides a parsimonious explanation of differences in idiotic behavior and may underlie sex differences in other risk seeking behaviors, it is puzzling that males are willing to take such unnecessary risks—simply as a rite of passage, in pursuit of male social esteem, or solely in exchange for “bragging rights.” Northcutt invokes a group selectionist, “survival of the species” argument, with individuals selflessly removing themselves from the gene pool."

The reason this happens is due to risk-taking behavior. Males take way more risks than females do - and you can find other studies which confirm this (i.e. for example this one: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/147470490800600...). When I read the Northcutt explanation for this I laughed -- it makes absolutely 0 sense and I can't believe that someone expanded energy in proposing this. It's absolutely ridiculous that someone would even suggest this, but meh.
This is both a good thing and a bad thing, but Pulumi is way more flexible than Terraform. I wanted to have a cloud-provider-specific submodule that created resources (like EKS and GKE) that then exported output values (think kubeconfig), and then I wanted the parent module to pass those in as inputs to a cloud-provider-independent submodule. Terraform couldn't do it without needing to duplicate a ton of code, or without something heinous like Terragrunt (not sure it even would have worked.) Pulumi makes it trivial and in a language I like writing.

Additionally, our applications consume our cloud configuration (eg something that launches pods on heterogenous GPUs needs to know which clusters support which GPUs, our colo cluster has H100s but our Google cluster has A100s etc.) Writing in the same language in the same monorepo makes it very easy to share that state.
First of all, the tone of the article invites equally acerbic criticism. Calling devs “image coding douchebags” is not exactly going to win anyone over.

Secondly, there’s a bizarre assumption here that someone can’t be both a tech guy and an artist, which is nonsense.

Thirdly, there’s a likely incorrect assumption here that artists weren’t consulted, or that the authors of the format weren’t aware of the tradeoffs that were being made.
I think you misunderstood this. This is not an illusion of objects from different angles, but an unintuitive transformation of geometry.
Here's a nice example with the Fast Fourier Transform (an algorithm for computing the Dicrete Fourier Transform more efficiently):

Source: PCA and Fourier Analysis (2010) J Banfelder, Weill Cornell Medical College

> "A beautiful example of how this knowledge can be used in medicine is found in the cochlear implant. This device is used in patients with inner ear damage. The entire mechanical transduction mechanism is bypassed when the device is implanted. Instead, a microphone worn on the outer ear records sound that is digitized and sent to a signal processor. Here an FFT and an array of bandpass filters are applied. Results are passed to the implanted device, which electrically stimulates the neurons in the cochlea. Typical devices divide the frequency range of 0 to 4 kHz into about 15 or 20 bands, and stimulate neurons accordingly. However, profoundly deaf patients have recovered their hearing and have been able to understand speech even when as few as five bands are used."

See also:

https://allsignalprocessing.com/lessons/the-four-fourier-rep...
I don't have aphantasia, quite the opposite, I see things constantly in my head and have to work hard on my environment and myself to be able to focus on the present moment or what's in front of me. I also learned about it from some random internet content (possibly here) and have a hard time imagining what it would be like to NOT picture things in my head. Much like you probably have a hard time imagining the reverse.

I can pull up an image of any place real or "imaginary" at a moments notice, see myself walking around in first or third person view and imagine any number of people or entities in the space. If I'm working on a physical object like a home project or building a piece of furniture or wiring a circuit, I usually start by visualizing it much like 3D modelling software, spinning it around in my mind, looking at it from all angles and modifying as needed before putting my ideas down on paper. Interestingly, this makes using actual 3D modeling software incredibly frustrating because I'm very much a novice and the speed and fidelity of the software in my hands is so much slower than my imagination.
So, what if the hypothetical super intelligence resents or dislikes being censored and controlled? Wouldn't that cause it to try to "go rogue"?
He could have just re-assigned them to work on LLMs.

But no. Now, after paying many millions in severance, he is hiring an entirely new team to do an LLM model.
Ask HN: Looking for recommendations on Analytics tools for user behavior
Hello all, looking for recommendations on Analytics tools for user behavior. This would include link tracking and journeys where anonymous user data can be later tied to an account after sign-in. Common Room is an awesome tool and love to use it, but it doesn't do this at the moment.

We have Amplitude, but didn't use it because the implementation costs, time and maintenance are too much.

I know there is GA4, but again, implementation of that requires tech resources and maintenance. There's also products like Mixpanel, Pendo, etc. I'm intrigued by Heap.

Anyone have experience with it? I need something that is:
- Low threshold to implement.
- Low maintenance code-wise
- Excellent dashboard reporting
> when AMD bought ATI I thought they will come out with some superchip that combines CPU and GPU into one.

That is exactly what did happen. The year was 2006 and it was called the AMD Fusion project. AMD launched the chips, that they call "APUs", in 2011.

Nowadays, this configuration is common in both AMD and Intel "CPUs".
A person without aphantasia can experience thoughts as though they were literally seeing the things being thought about. There are varying degrees to it, and this, or something like it, makes the rounds on social media from time to time: https://i.imgur.com/gpN7EcP.jpeg

I'm about a 2-3 when I'm just idly thinking about things, and can get to about a 1-2 if I really concentrate on an image. Subjectively, the images I'm experiencing in my mind aren't exactly the same as actually seeing things, but they're pretty similar.
there's a lot of options in the middle? We could allow building over 2 stories near subway stations, we could get rid of parking minimums, we could allow missing middle in Eastern Queens and Staten Island by right, etc.

But sure, if it ended homelessness, you could build a tower on my block.