skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The thing about rare earth metals is that they are located all over the world - and they're not particularly rare. The problem is that refining them produces huge quantities of toxic waste. China has a near-monopoly on the trade not just because they have a lot of them (they do) but because they're willing to pay the huge environmental penalty associated with the refining. [1]

[1] https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20150402-the-worst-place-...
Sure it was. The thinking at the time was a small group of people could make a shit ton of money and we can rationalize it to the suckers on the ground by saying it’ll actually make China more like us.

You act as if there wasn’t a consistent movement the entire time screaming that this was a horrible idea. Even Donald Trump was saying this in the early 90s
> The problem comes in when you repeat the exercise on a different example and find that also 0/0 = 3, or whatever. And now you start to see something is really amiss.

Yes, that's the obvious part.
What Does a Photograph Sound Like?
Sometimes pointer arithmetic is the best implementation; are you implying that C++ would be better off without access to this feature?
I used the examples they provided on the repo README. I would still argue I can get the same results with less typing.

git shortlog -sn | sort -r | head -n 10

If I run the 2nd command example against the chromium repo, it takes several minutes where a shell script using git for-each-ref takes about 8 seconds. I would also argue that this might be better expressed as commit_count <= 10 but I realize you're also using an example. This is the script I ran:

git for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' refs/heads/ | while read branch; do
commit_count=$(git rev-list --count $branch)
[ "$commit_count" -le 10 ] && echo "Branch: $branch, Commit Count: $commit_count"
done
Can link to any methods for deriving reliable uncertainty estimates? Sounds useful.
Mine takes about ~3 min per image, didn't do anything special. Left everything at default settings after my initial install (about 5 days ago). Not speedy but certainly not 15 min. Running on an M1 with 32gb ram.
TIL the Marshall Plan was "violent subjugation"
>> But it’s not clear to me that all code requirements are life- or safety-critical.

It depends somewhat on your definition of "critical. The 50s didn't have seat belts, and clearly most people survived. So "few" died in cars that there was opposition to year introduction.

I was recently in a country where smoke alarms are not "a thing". As is no-one had one, they simply don't exist. Sure there's the odd residential fire , but they're rare - single digits per year. Ladders kill more people than fire, but we sell a ladder to anyone, and you don't need a degree to climb one.

Building regulations are an important way of keeping people safe. They're a stamp of quality to buyers. Unfortunately they also seem to want to cover 100% of all cases all the time. And that final 0.01% is expensive, and time consuming. Which delays, or denies projects. Which results in fewer places to live. Which, dare I suggest, leads to homeless deaths.

Safety standards -are- important. Buildings falling down, or going up in flames, is obviously really bad. But equally not-building-at-all is dangerous. And regulators seem to give very little weight to that when adding another regulation.
Yes. I thought this thread would be cool, and it's pretty good, but way too much about programming languages. Books, on the other hand, are amazing.
The demand here seems to have free as in free beer not free as in free speech. Because free speech is not getting hurt by ads in middle of videos.

I don't know any reasonable government will now start considering free beer as public good over free speech.
They're evaluated at runtime, but CPython never checks if type hints are right or not. If you use "from __future__ import annotations" then they're converted to strings, so they could even have references to objects that don't exists (this is for a better performance).
(Shrug) They aren't. Factories, like farms, employ about 10% of the people they used to, a number that is still shrinking fast.
It's certainly weird. I've worked at ~million host scale where uptime never exceeded a week by default (with the odd carve out for problem child software supplied by vendors)

I'm betting it's moreso that teaching developers to write software that tolerates draining properly (or is even able to communicate draining) is too difficult for them so they work around it.
Surprised it’s only 2x2 MIMO not 4x4
After reading this, I started to wonder how far are we from an AI being able to analyze (to narrate, if you will) a photograph beyond simple labels?
I'm not overestimating anything. it's not hard once the shell.nix is there, but everything to get to that point is waaay harder than docker. In the end once you're done you have two ways of doing the same thing with one command.

I think I know what you're getting at. nix-shell provides a fast way to get access to that specific shell environment which is a bit more annoying to do with docker. All docker needs to do is provide this interface by default and the only surface level differences between the two techniques is really just the configuration.

>Also, one man's "DESIGNED" is another man's hacks. I don't see anything wrong with how nix works. Potato/potato, I guess.

By any colloquial usage of the term "designed" in this context by any unbiased party, it's obvious Nix is more hacky by any charitable interpretation. NixOS is a layer on top of linux, containers are a linux feature. Thus creating a layer on top of linux to use existing features is the more hacky less elegant solution.

It can actually go in the other direction. Rather then use shell tricks Nix can also use containers under the hood. Overall though the API for docker is superior in terms of editing config files but not switching shells. Additionally the underlying implementation for docker is also superior.

Your main problem is with the API which is just opinionated.
Exaddon – 3D print <20µm metal chip probes for IC testing
I used to run a homebrew'd extension to change my new tab page. Chrome makes it so annoying to use a sideloaded extension. Every time you start the browser, and every couple of hours when you open a new tab it will have a big popup warning you that an unsigned extension is running, and give you a big button to remove the extension that fires when you hit space or enter, and a tiny little subtext button to continue using the extension. After the 3rd time accidentally uninstalling the extension because I was typing in a search too quickly and not paying attention, I gave up on using it.
I just agreed with several other people that we'd start sending handwritten mail to each other.
The simplest way to put it:

Everything on one screen in a GUI with graphs. I THINK it comes from aviation, where the transition from steam gauges to MFDs to really big MFDs meant some massive UI changes.

That may not be quite accurate, but it’s as close as my brain can do this late.
we have multiple former Nike missle sites here in Anchorage. in a modern day city park, you can check out a missle stabilizer on interpretive display at the former launch command center turned cross country ski chalet. there are doors in that building that are like time portals to tha past. you go through an unassuming modern commercial steel door from a room where kids gather before weekly lessons into a world of concrete hallways with enormous blast doors welded open and narrow staircases leading down to lower levels with remnants of launch and other equipment.
Ask HN: How to implement GPT4 API with internet access?
As the question said what are some easy and economical ways to implement Internet access in GPT4 API to get the latest information about world events?
PS: Internet access is not yet provided via API. Web ChatGPT version does this by crawling Bing.
Unfortunately this is going to need a name change, or at least modified initials, as GQL is for Graph Query Language [https://www.gqlstandards.org/] which is being standardized and will be the primary way the world uses Property Graphs like Neo4j. Can't compete with that.
You're right, this does seem like semantic quibbling. What sort of scenario are you worried about, that would cause both the terrestrial and satellite Internet (including, as you wish, Blockstream's satellites) to become globally partitioned? You previously stated that vulnerability to such a scenario made it a bad currency.
[Sygic chuckles]
> meaning no local variables (still heavy usage of push/pop within a procedure, does this count as a local?)

Isn't it (push/pop) how locals basically work?
The former, EdgeSwitch / EdgeRouter (all black in color), didn't have this low of a limit. I still run a 48 port, 500W PoE switch in my main rack at home and it's got limit of 255 active VLAN.
> Analog computers may seem to be "simple" or "like a toy computer", in fact they are powerful tools that were used during the 1950s and 1960s to design and test systems like ICBMs, supersonic aircraft and spacecraft.

this is indeed a very interesting quote that we -dealing with digital- often tend to forget.
That’s so unfair of you not to support Mosaic. What about the people who can’t upgrade past HTML1 browsers?

My point being, it’s great to support all modern browsers (which excludes IE altogether, but definitely including screen readers). If you’re a library, go ahead and support dialup and Lynx, too, if you can afford the dev time. If you’re an e-commerce site, and spending more than hobby time supporting Lynx and 56k, I might think you’re nuts for doing it.
Taipei has an ugly beauty to it. Individually, the typical concrete, tiled covered buildings, are ugly, but cram them together, throw up some neon lights, a tiny park with a Daoist temple crammed in the mix, add a few street vendors and the bustle of people and its downright charming.

Cities in Japan are much better put together, but I prefer the chaotic, gritty feeling of Taipei, and Treasure Hill is an interesting segment of that.
I saw a cool design where they stacked transparent displays
You can have a look at that pinball machine. You will be amazed. https://youtu.be/ue-1JoJQaEg
These servers don't take 30s to reboot. Some servers take many minutes. It's a lot.
Poetry is like 1 of 4 different toolchains that people seem to use for python.

Not to say that it's bad, just that I don't buy that it's meaningfully standard. Though it seems like poetry sees zipapp generation as out of scope, but at least pdm has a plugin.

I briefly tried a bunch of toolchains including poetry to see if anything could handle the horrific pytorch packaging situation, but they basically all had problems with it, so I didn't press it and just left the training code wrapped in docker duct tape.

I am generally quite happy with pants after dealing with all this mess.
You should look again. The plaid beats the Taycan in the Nurburging.
None subjective things about the plaid vs taycan

* plaid faster 0-60

* plaid faster quarter mile

* plaid has more range

* plaid has faster nurburing times

* plaid costs less
Why are you reposting the sidebar contents? Can you vouch for it?
That device is so suspect. Old, dual core processor, 1GB of DDR3 and, supposedly, "next-gen" security features including IPS. Riiiiiight.
İt depends on how number is defined. Euclid defined number as multitude of units. Zero does not have units so zero is not a number and cannot enter arithmetic operations such addition and subtraction. (Division is repeated subtraction.) For the same reason one was not a number in Euclid.

I’m trying to find out when did Euclid lose his authority. By 1901, Bertrand Russell was defining number as an abstract relation, namely, as a one-to-one relation between two sets.
According to other comments, refresh rate.

When each pixel actually represents multiple pixels in a circle, you need a much higher refresh rate than 60 Hz.
I saw them for the first time in West Virginia in the summer 2016!! It was freaking surreal, the noise, the smell of dead ones, you'd imagine they made some places slippery to walk on!! They look very intimidating but were very harmless!!
Cocomelon are all sung in this weird smug condescending tone. It's really unpleasant.

Compare with Pokémon Kids TV, which sounds really cheerful, and you can hear the singer is really enjoying themselves. Also mostly the same classic children songs, but so much more enjoyable to listen to.

The generic midi versus funny experimental instrumentation play a part too.
You are welcome to join us in Northern Virginia in the summer if you’d like to experience the halcyon days of cicadas you remember.

On the plus side, they compete with my tinnitus and make it far less noticeable.
Due to privacy issues, I would as a company only ever use a finetuned LLM.
> When did the rights of advertisers trump the rights of individuals?

Around same time when individuals decided that everything on internet should be free.
"dusty"? (1) The dust is made of what atoms, not just hydrogen, right? (2) What is the origin of that dust? We're talking that dust was already in place 1 billion years or so after the Big Bang. (3) The first guess for the origin would be supernovas, but the observation shows a lot of dust, enough for "hundreds of new stars every year", and that is too much mass for just one supernova. So, the origin would be many supernovas?
Unfortunately I'm no longer given the option to reply to your latest comment. But I've said everything I wanted to say.

That you can't entertain the idea of money containing a form of energy or the quantitative theory of money, and believe in Keynesian economics tells me there is little point in me going further. It will simply take too much time to explain.and my energy is better spent elsewhere.

One last thing I want to leave you with is that anyone is free to do whatever they want with electricity they've paid for, be it computer gaming, drying clothes or lighting the outside of their house at Christmas (all of which use comparable amounts to bitcoin mining).

Energy use is a good thing and correlates heavily with the level of civilization. How we create the electricity is the crucial thing.
Sure you can: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectively_extended_real_lin...
Doesn't seem to work with SDXL Turbo or SDXL LCM
Yet the rapid spread and destruction is often from build up of undergrowth.
"Zero: Biography of a Dangerous Idea" by Charles Seife is a great read you can finish in a few sittings.
You can still visit SF-88. It's open three days a week.[1] I've been there, and I've seen the analog computer. There are mechanical sequencers with motor driven cams. It's only partially electronic.

The blast doors and the missile elevator still worked, but the electronics and radar did not do much, although parts of the system could be powered up.

[1] https://www.nps.gov/goga/nike-missile-site.htm
That seems bizarre, they’re different fruits, they taste different - how can you just call them both the same thing? Doesn’t that cause unnecessary confusion? Or do they just call them like ‘green thing’ and ‘yellow thing?’
What qualities should this comment have to vouch for? The art style of the linked video? The accuracy of its content? Should we ask OP if they vouch for the video that started this thread?
"Cannot GET /about"
I've curated a list of 500+ places where you can post your product and spread the word.
For clarification, are you meaning an electrical transformer or a Transformer robot? Because I can imagine both being possible lol
ceil(0.000001) = 1
ceil(0) =... 0? Wtf?

But that's a perfectly well defined function. Not every function has to be continuous.
Edit: ignore the below numbers, I got hours and minutes confused.

If you each sever spends 7.5 minutes each month rebooting, that is 1% of all your computers wasted. If you have 10,000 servers, that’s worth 100 severs. If you have 1 million servers, that’s worth 10,000 servers. If each server costs $10,000, that’s $100 million dollars of compute capacity. You can see how that amount of lost computer capacity can start to justify spending engineering time on driving down the amount of time servers are rebooting.
LOL.

That sounds like people have right to not get stabbed or mugged by not going to secluded parts of downtown.
I thought that was cultural. There are cultures that don't talk to babies at all.
That's quite useful! I'm going to integrate that into my code and fallback to the previous implementation if canParse() is not available.
On the complex plane, you can take the limit as n->0 of 1/n from any direction on the circle. The Riemann Sphere [1] ties up all these infinities into one and places it at the North Pole, opposing zero which is at the South Pole. Since now all these directional limits converge to the same value, the limit is well-defined in the Riemann Sphere and so we can close it, giving 1/0 the well-defined value of infinity.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann_sphere
It's $149. I think you're expecting more from it than what your more advanced home setup needs. Mind you it talks a big talk for that price.
Wow I always thought the brain was the CPU, nice to know about the local specialist processing
unless you have a multi-point bluetooth audio deviceconnected to multiple devices running the spotify app.
Controls programming always feels 20 years out of date. 10 years ago I was excited to move projects from ladder to structured text. This year I’m excited to finally use git to manage a PLC code base.
These are totally legit concerns, while the behaviour of the site has been around for quite sometimes and many ClickHouse installation script may have them so we will keep it for backward compatibility, we will add the usual install.sh url later and start sharing them more often.

(Pull request is in ... it should be deployed on Monday and you can use https://clickhouse.com/install.sh ). Love the feedbacks, please keep them coming!
How do you find good ebooks? I’ve found some good ones via HN, but it would be nice if there is more dedicated place for ebooks.
Having a few APs to cover a house is far from"advanced" setup.

We live in times where lawn movers need wifi.
Wine Is for Windows and Darling Is for macOS
On the other hand if a tool like this can help, it would be bad not to use it. I have been developing my own life assistant using GPT-4 and I use it interactively and have found the therapeutic effect of it absolutely beyond amazing helping me get through self doubt and making decisions in life without regrets. I also do therapy and I think it is actually a lot more powerful than a therapist. It can understand technical challenges and problems I face much better than a therapist can who can mostly only give me generic advice, but to an LLM I can discuss daily down to most intricate details about my problems. I am so glad something like that exists now.

I know nothing else that has been so effective in combatting overthinking and unnecessary self doubt.

And I have usually been disappointed and frustrated with real therapy.
I wanted to stop doom scrolling hacker news but the article was too long to read ;)
From looking into Rust's implementation of the iterator that's returned when splitting a string (which takes a bit of mental parsing, given the heavy use of macros: https://doc.rust-lang.org/src/core/str/iter.rs.html#731-747), it seems like it has a reference to the original string and an index that it increments until it finds the next pattern to "split" on. This seems like something that would be pretty easy to do in Go as well, except Go doesn't really have any standard iterator API from what I can tell. This seems like a pretty clear argument for why having one is preferable to just returning slices everywhere though; even if you end up wanting to iterator through everything immediately, you avoid allocating unless you actually have to. In Rust, you can do this by just calling `collect` on the iterator, and although I suspect whoever implemented this API for Go wouldn't like the "magic" of it generically supporting collecting into whatever container you want, it feels like even just having an iterator with a method to collect into a slice and nothing else would be preferable.
There's little more to that - current can be "strapped" too. It's more polysemic than pullups
You're not wrong. We as humans would fail many of the tests that they could give us, but would absolutely expect to be "the norm" for other dogs.

We don't really even want to learn their knowledge (smell that pee and determine who it came from, and whatever else they detect from it), so what makes us so sure they're interested in learning what we know.

We're pretty inefficient. I mean, look how slow we walk compared to what they prefer when you unlock the leash. They are not the same as us, and probably don't want to be.
> virtually no way to deploy it in a business context.

...there is tailscale
What is the limit?

Is a diffraction pattern a wave function?

E.g. a scratched microscope slide is all wave functions.

Can (crystal,) lattices be constructed and/or modified to store diffraction patterns with sufficient coherence over time?
LLM Visualization
Hey, can you please make your substantive points without shallow dismissals or name-calling? This is in the site guidelines: https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.

If you know more than others, that's great, but in that case the thing to do is to share some of what you know, so others can learn. If you don't want to do that, that's fine, but in that case please don't post. Putdowns and swipes only degrade the discussion.

https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&sor...
By a huge margin, hydrogen is the most common thing in the universe, but yes, life might be one of the most common things in the universe.
There is no substance to this Wikipedia article at all: what were the measures that led to this?
Amazing how the brain itself has already countermeasures to deal with certain epileptic activity on its own.

What I am missing from the article is whether this provides some tangible opportunities for developing treatments or whether it is a finding that is more like a trivia, as in “hey look how cool the brain is!”
I think your privacy concerns are misplaced.

You seem to be confusing the built in VPN server for a VPN provider. I do not see a "free VPN" mentioned anywhere on the website or in the app. All this enables you to do is access your home network remotely, your data isn't being funneled to a third party server because the server is your router.

The DNS defaults to Cloudflare if I remember correctly. You can replace it with Unbound or DNS over TLS with your provider of choice.

The ad blocking is done with locally downloaded blocklists.

And you can do much more than VPN/DNS, so I'm not sure why you walked away with the impression that this is all you can do. You can configure VLANs, you get IPS/IDS, push alerts to your phone, tons of other features that put it more than on par with OPNSense/PFSense for my use case.

Regarding price, the value is in the software. Firewalla's UX is so far ahead of OPNSense or a UDM that I can't fathom going back to one of those. Seriously, both feel positively prehistoric in comparison. And I'm fine with paying for that, because software is expensive, and apparently no one else has managed easy to use software that supports a prosumer featureset, and I was sick of spending hours configuring my UDM or OPNSense router.

I get your concern about closed source, but that's not a problem for me personally - most of my devices run closed source code, including my Ubiquiti gear, and it's not like anyone compiles OPNSense or PFSense from scratch when installing onto their router anyways.

The thing cools fanlessly/passively, can do IDS/IPS + WireGuard server and client at 1Gb speeds, and is trivially easy to configure even with a smartphone, which neither my OPNSense DEC-840 or my UDM Pro could do (at much greater price points.) If you can find similar functionality and ease of use at a lesser price point, I'd love to know.