skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
People understand how the program works but not how the network produces the outputs it does from the inputs and training it receives. The mechanics of how these models work at a very high level are:

1. Tokenize some input so you have some big vectors

2. <bunch of linear algebra involving these vectors and some sets of matrices of weights>

3. Take the output vector and turn it back into tokens

Each of these steps are well understood in and of themselves. So maybe the magic is in the way the matrices of weights are generated and trained? Well we know they typically start as random matrices, and can explain how as the network is trained these weights are tweaked in various ways.

All of that is known. What’s unclear is specifically how the weights in the matrices correspond to our understanding of the concepts in the input and output and how it all seems to add up to a system that works as well as it does. I think that’s what they meant by not understanding how they process information internally.
"states of mind" are all externally influenced. If you have a fundamentally "honorable" mindset, it's because your history has reinforced that acting honorable nets you an overall positive outcome.

Which just reinforces the "honor = iterative prisoner's dilemma" argument.
People are sheepl,
that's why they baa so awfully,
large and loud in a brainwashed crowd.
That was also my thought. To my knowledge `/etc/localtime` is the creation of Arthur David Olson, the founder of the tz database (now maintained by IANA), but his code never read `/etc/localtime` multiple times unless `TZ` environment variable was changed. Tzcode made into glibc but Ulrich Drepper changed it to not cache `/etc/localtime` when `TZ` is unset [1]; I wasn't able to locate the exact rationale, given that the commit was very ancient (1996-12) and no mailing list archive is available for this time period.

[1] https://github.com/bminor/glibc/commit/68dbb3a69e78e24a778c6...
Fwiw, I love flying the B787 for many reasons, one of them being the low noise level. But… I wouldn’t go so far as to pay more money for it. The noise factor is not a decision driver, where seat size/leg room and service definitely are when it comes to choosing an airline/route.
This post title shouldn't say "11/20/23" which implies the interview was today. It was done last Wednesday 11/15.
it's probably more like they thought "I want Quoras money" and D'angelo wanted their control
But it is about the thing that's doing. A test is designed with assumptions and knowledge about the thing under test. That two systems perform the same on a test doesn't necessarily mean that they will perform the same out of band, so unless the test is exactingly and comprehensively covering the totality of desired behavior/functionality, two fundamentally very different systems may best be tested with two different tests.
Also, how much air do you need go run the chemical reaction? Will your plane have an APU?
> AI is none of that.

How do we know? We can do art Turing Test - have 3 real artists and an text/image generation AI train on somebody's art. Have it generate the images and answer questions about the art.

If you can't tell which one of them is AI - would you conceed they are "all of that"?
I'd rather work close to AGI - which I do not believe is the case personally - was handled by the adults in the room anyway, than some startup with a bunch of personalities.
> Photoshop

> didn't usher in a profound new wave of art

How can you claim that with a straight face?
Another tree used as a street tree here is white cedar (native) and it would have the same problem with rotting flowers, plus far more annoying fruit/berries that cause slips and try to start rogue trees all over the place.

Incidentally, what are considered ideal street trees? I know plane trees are out of favour (lots of leaf litter, annoying flower ball thingies). Crepe myrtles aren't tall enough for roadside plantings.
Can get close to $100/kWh if willing to DIY a LiFePO4 pack. Look for EVE cells. About a quarter the cost of a PowerWall.
I'm quite content with simple passwords on most accounts. But there is also email challenge, non-authority-issued security keys, and authenticator apps. All solutions that are currently being used by consumer-facing companies, and generally considered more secure and often less privacy invasive.
Oh gosh since I forgot to cite sources:

https://teslamotorsclub.com/tmc/threads/collision-repair-tak...

https://www.teslaownersonline.com/threads/model-3-significan...

https://old.reddit.com/r/TeslaModel3/comments/vjd02j/tesla_s...

https://old.reddit.com/r/TeslaModelY/comments/13yks9p/frustr...
The problem isn't "2fa": the problem is services that just use it as your identity. You'll go to sign in to the account and it merely asks for your phone number, to which it sends a login link. Or--even more unacceptable as it makes you THINK the password matters--you'll say you "forgot your password" and it sends a code to your phone number and that code is all that was required to get back into the account. This isn't a second factor: this is replacing your first factor (your password); maybe you could call it an "alternative factor"?
Yeah there's also the Leopard Tree which has the same problems around leaves too (we have one of those above our house as well!). I honestly don't know what would be better, I don't know enough about trees!
If every home has big battery, the local fire department is gonna go crazy. Those things are a nightmare to deal with.
Finally maybe Windows might see wide adoption
"Sustkever is said to have offered two explanations he purportedly received from the board"

Isn't Sustkever on the board?
I too am curious about this...
An overview of typed SQL libraries for TypeScript (2020)
How to Escape North Korea
> static websites

This is a nice intention and would be great for security. It works fine for displaying opening hours and upcoming events, etc. However, as soon as you want to search for books, or you want some log in feature to see which books you have loaned out and when they need to be returned, it's clear that a purely static site just doesn't cut it for today's expectations.
At one Very Corporate job I had, there was a file share that somehow had never been culled, had a bunch of coworkers (current and previous) vacation photos, even a couple episodes of seinfield and I think the movie Die Hard. This was pre-snowden and the ripped videos were very pre-snowden. This share was like 8 or 9gb. Two or three .ISOs from a POC (proof of concept) with a vendor could easily push it over 16gb. If they compromised the share the marketing department kept their 2006 era .wma files of the company team building activity from That One Time it might result in not a lot of actual text files. I've had my gmail account for almost as long as you've been able to have one (almost 19 years?) and I've only managed to accrue 17GB in that time.
Miniature colons with immune components aid the study of intestinal diseases
Remember Facebook Questions? While it lives on as light hearted polls and quizzes it was originally launched by D’Angelo when he was an FB employee. It was designed to compete with expert Q&A websites and was basically Quora v0.

When D’Angelo didn’t get any traction with it he jumped ship and launched his own competitor instead. Kind of a live wire imho.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Facebook_features#Face...
This feels like a lot of very one sided PR moves from the side with significantly more money to spend on that kind of thing
In many countries you can buy a market priced electricity contract, with hourly (or more frequent) metering even without producing anything. It definitely has the same effect: you are able to lower your bill, but have to be conscious about when your major electricity usage occurs (such as heating, water boiler, sauna).
When you train an LLM you do that by executing some computer code with some inputs. The programmers who wrote the code you execute know exactly what it does. Just like Google knows exactly how its search-algorithm works. An LLM uses statistics and Markov-chains and what have you to generate the output for a given input.

It's like with any optimization algorithm. You cannot predict what exactly will be the result of a given optimization-run. But you know how the optimization algorithm works. The (more or less) optimal solution you get back might surprise you, might be counter-intuitive. But programmers who wrote the code that did the optimization, and have the source-code, know exactly how it works.

When you get a result from LLM you don't say "I can't possibly understand why it came up with this result?". You can understand that, it's just following the rules it was programmed to follow. You might not know those rules, you might not understand them, but programmers who wrote them do.
Once upon a time, I raised concerns about rushed changes and weakening the security configuration of a private credit card processing network. It was Stanford University and I was summarily "forced to resign" for not immediately complying.

PS: My boss also embezzled office equipment for personal use.
> it’s possible that Altman asked for Ilya to determine the capabilities, didn’t like the answer, then got somebody else to give the “right” answer, which he presented to the board.

This makes no sense given that Ilya is on the board.
Maybe OP means the collaboration feature. I don't know whether local typst supports that though. Expecting online collaboration in "local first" may be an oxymoron in itself...
> Let’s go back to our users who have also fallen victims to Gambler’s fallacy. If you just heard a song from a particular artist, that doesn’t mean that the next song will be more likely from a different artist in a perfectly random order.

Wait no, it does, right? Since we are not doing random independent events, but taking things out off a finite set. Going back to the colors, if there are 4 green and 4 not-green, there's a 50% chance that the first song is green. But if the first song is green, doesn't that mean that there's now a 3/7, or 43% chance, that the second song is green? And 57% that it's NOT green?

At the extreme, if I have a single song of My Chemical Romance among 10 songs, and it plays first, I expect MCR not to play again (until the list resets, the algorithm describes a finite set, not a rolling one).
This is one of my favourite things about psychology, perception and programming.

When people say they want to "randomly shuffle a playlist", they really don't want that. They want the perception of randomness, but _true_ random doesn't abide by rules.

If you're actually random, there is a probability that it might just play all the songs straight through. Or just pick songs by a single artist back-to-back.
What specific legal action could be pursued against them where you're from? Who would have a cause for action?

(I'm genuinely curious—in the US I'm not aware of any action that could be taken here by anyone besides possibly Sam Altman for libel.)
It already is the function of a credit bureau, and they're not doing a very good job.

AT&T required me to go to a retail store with government-issued ID and provide the last 4 digits of my SSN. I then had to answer some questions that were clearly provided by a credit bureau; all of them were some version of "which of these 5 addresses have you lived at before?"

This was concerning because I'd think that for most people, with a bit of digging, it's not that hard to get a list of previous addresses. But sim swapping should probably be at least as difficult as obtaining a replacement passport or drivers license.
Supposedly, the "pros" use a combination of one-step key shifts, similar tempos, and slowly ascending "energy" (which I've never found a good definition of) to pick the next song. Key-finding algorithms don't seem to be particularly accurate from what I have heard of.

Ideally, you'd use this, plus the year and metadata about whatever microgenre. Use the radio adage of "don't hit me with a brick after you tickle me with a feather."

Occasionally do a "two from Band X" or "three from the year NNNN." I would probably weight the microgenre in the metadata by how rare it is: "rock" isn't particularly descriptive as compared to "doom rock" or "Southern rock."
Having to use a VM for docker is no different than what MacOS users have to do and then at that point why not just use a Mac.
Vector Packet Processing
> No, because Italians are white and white people can't experience discrimination"

Tell them about the Yugoslav wars merely 30 years ago to blow their minds.
I think 2fa card readers that use your bank card (like the one that goes in an ATM) to generate a code are easier to understand than receiving an SMS. Especially here in chip-and-pin land.
> and there are plenty of other airlines

I respectfully disagree: I find myself booking Ryanair more and more because, as I mentioned above, they are the ones who fly on the route I want to fly. Real world examples: I now live in Malta, I want to visit my parents at Budapest. Only FR flies MLA-BUD direct. I want to continue on to my brother in the UK who in Suffolk so out of the many London airports, Stansted is closest. Guess who flies BUD-STN? And they have STN-MLA too. That's three routes I fly often and there's really no competition. It's good they cleaned up their act before I moved back to Europe, really.
Eg extra leg room seats is what I mean. Ie what the person you replied to meant, what you understood when you said all that information is front and centre…

And what did you mean by baggage? Carry on or checked? I’ve never seen it show checked baggage fees. Maybe just estimates in small grey text somewhere at most
Yes, lets retard human technological expansion to answer a fairly irrelevant question in the grand scheme of things, that seems prudent... While I think going down the gravity well on mars is stupid, it's stupid because there's no need to trap people there when we should be able to more closely approximate earth gravity and generate nearly limitless surface area while having access to more useful minerals with o'neill cylinders (or something along those lines). Ironically, this could go a long way to fixing the earth...

Also, it's really boring whether mars has/had bacterial life or not. If it does, then it rejigs the math on everywhere else, making it way more probable we find it elsewhere as well. That leaves us with it's either not there, so it doesn't matter, or it is there and it's probably in a lot of other spots too, so we'll find it on the next one, once we're actually established in space and multi planetary and the cost of not going to said next one isn't as high as holding the whole species up from getting off this rock into space permanently. The only situation where it actually matters is the very slim chance it's both there and deadly to humans in a way that makes it likely the astronauts make it back to earth and contaminate us all before it kills them.
RFC 9498 on the GNU Name System
I think his existential worries about humanity were overruled by his existential worries about his co-founder shares and the obscene amount of wealth he might miss out on
Because the word “free” famously has only one meaning, and everyone agrees what that is.
There is a specific issue with SMS that I hate more than any of the issues you mentioned - the state of roaming.

Because every company on the planet forces me to provide my phone number to auth me with SMS, I now need to pay for roaming to use this god-awful method of authentication I never signed up for. On top of the local sim card I still need to buy, because roaming is often throttled to unusable speeds.

But it gets better. If I break my phone, I can currently move my physical sim into a new device in a matter of seconds. No problem. But with Apple removing the physical sim, soon I’m going to be forced to switch to eSIM.

eSIM is marketed as more practical, yet in reality it is anything but. I’ve been following forums for many telcos in the UK and Australia to understand the problems people face with eSIM.

First of all, if it is even possible to provision a new eSIM, most telcos lock this behind SMS 2FA. So if you break your phone, you can’t log in to provision a new eSIM. Also, usually this needs to done using an app, which is often only available in the telco’s region. So if you live between countries, you’re again out of luck. Some telcos require you to visit a physical store to move an eSIM to a new device. Some telcos won’t provision a new eSIM electronically, requiring you to use a physical cardboard QR kit. And some telcos can only activate a new eSIM when the device is connected directly to their network, so even if you somehow managed to jump through all these hoops, you still wouldn’t be able to activate a new eSIM abroad.

So if you break your phone overseas, you either need to live without banking and a range of other services, or book an immediate flight back to your home country just to provision a new eSIM.

Calling this madness is an understatement. Any company forcing MFA must allow users to pick from a range of open standards.
Bastard bank charges me €20 for one of those LCD things. Luckily the battery lasts multiple years.
The device particularly saved me when my phone got dropped and all i could do was email the world.
> ...in an emergency it could be fired while in the frame, and while the scooter was moving.

You'd have to have balls of steel to fire that thing while riding the scooter. It's recoilless, but you are sitting right on top of it.
The problem is the lawsuit payday only works once. Regardless about how horrible an employer is, it marks someone as perpetually radioactive from being hired anywhere else.
Are there fairly tight windows on how much the price can vary ? I can imagine it only takes one blackout event to send the price soaring to 100x standard, destroying any potential savings and potentially inciting ruin.
If they have AI doomers at the help of an AI company, then the company itself is doomed.
Scale.ai was valued at 7.3 billion in 2021, which was before the current AI craze.

I mean, OpenAI would be a step up in some regards under ideal circumstances. But under these circumstances he is wise to stay at his 10+ billion dollar company.

So, can you imagine having built and being at the helm of Scale.ai at 26?
> When to do daily chores (washing machine, dryer, dishwasher)

In Britain there has been an electricity tariff called "Economy 7" since 1978. Overnight when consumption is lower, there are 7 hours with much cheaper electricity.

My parents were so used to setting the timer on the dishwasher, washing machine etc to start at 4am that it took a while for them to run them instead during the sunniest part of the day, once they had solar panels.

I have hourly pricing according to the rates on [2], but my flexible consumption is so low I don't pay attention to the price.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy

https://andelenergi.dk/sel/timeenergi/
When do "brains beat brawn" in chess? An experiment
There are training methodologies that do this but they don’t necessarily work in this case (or noone has got them to work that well yet).

For example reinforcement learning, like when AlphaZero famously learned by playing itself at chess and go and became much stronger than the purpose-built “alphago” first version.

Or another example generative adversarial networks where you have a generator network generating images and a validator network trying to spot fake images.

In both these examples it’s easy to see how you build the loss functions for the training because they are quite constrained. For a domain like a game you penalize versions of the model that lose games and reward those that win. For GANs the initial insight was huge but having had that it’s easy to see how you move forward - you reward the generator for slipping fake images past the validator and you reward the validator for finding fakes in a stream of images that includes some real images and some generated images.

For an open-ended general model like an LLM it’s not so easy to see how you do this in the general case. GPT models are actually pretty good at “zero shot” learning (without examples) and “transfer” learning (where lessons from a domain are applied to an associated domain).

Your example of a language is interesting, because you don’t learn your first language from any sort of teacher - you learn it from your parents and others talking around you and to you. So you have lots of examples to draw on. You then try out various sounds and words and everyone looks confused but becomes more excited as you get closer to saying something that is a real word eventually you hit on the magic recipe and say the word “DUCK!” (Or whatever) and everyone loses their minds. So you have lots of positive reinforcement that you’re on the right track and you have a huge number of examples. You’re not just fed the hackernews comment section, some papers on quantum mechanics and all the english literature that has fallen out of copyright and left to get on with it.
Which seems like kind of an arbitrary distinction anyway.

Suppose you create a new coin under similar circumstances as Bitcoin. No pre-mine. But it's a new coin and nobody cares about it, so nobody is mining it, so you can go mine it yourself and get all the block rewards for a while. Then once you have a lot of it you go about promoting the coin and developing the technology which causes it to be worth something.

In theory the difference is that anybody else could have mined the coin from the first day too, but at that point nobody else had any reason to think it would ever be worth anything.
Your point is 100% true, but I expect the impact on the data to be essentially none.
"car centric people" are not the average citizen. This data is on the scale of a country and the impact at this scale will be minimal.
He said this is false.

https://www.threads.net/@moskov/post/Cz482XgJBN0?hl=en
As far as I know, local Typst does not support collaboration. At least not in the way the online version and Overleaf do.
Microsoft made RDP, no?
I prefer the local 1:1 kW banking that my electrical utility company offers: rather than being paid, all my excess generation gets "banked" and I can use it during heating season.

Obviously, if you generate more than 100% of your needs, you're going to want to get paid.
All of you criticizing the mismatch of power between a Vespa and a tank simply do not understand the desperation felt by those living in countries occupied by the Germans during the war. In the 1950s Europe was poor, extremely traumatized, and people lived in fear of another war. This is a vehicle of desperation.
This board's behavior is so weird, it's as if they can't explain their actions, because no one would believe them Kyle Reese came from the future to warn them about Skynet.

Kidding aside, maybe they have a "secret" reason to fire Sam Altman, but we've seen how "this is a secret / matter of national security / etc." goes with law enforcement. It's brutally abused to attack inconvenient people and enrich yourself on their behalf. So that should never be an excuse for punishing someone. Never.
Non standardised cabin bag sizes are a nightmare!
I am a firm believer that the creator should choose the way their work is licensed, but man - it is weird seeing an open source project have such a commitment to Intellectual Property. It seems like it is mostly developed by volunteers. So the expectation is that artists take these devs hard work and use it to create proprietary paintings.

I'm on board for this on the basis that the creator should ultimately get to choose how their work is released. Open Source has to be a choice. But dang, I would hope that one of the outcomes of a project like this would be more public domain digital art.
When you’re in a hole stop digging
Joyce Carol Oates's relentless, prolific search for a self
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(novel)
*this does not, I mean. Clumsy error.