skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I always found the idea of countries owning access to space somewhat odd.

IANAL. What I would like to understand is: What supernatural being descended on earth and gave governments the supreme right to own the path from earth into space.

OK, yes, I do understand the safety argument (both in terms of danger and weaponized access to space). However, if those factors are not issues, well, why?

At a micro level it would be like having to get permission for me to drive to the beach. Or, worse, walk there.

What body of law allows government to prevent a private company from using the atmosphere to get to space?

Again, don't say "safety". That's well understood. You don't want 200 rocket companies launching at the same time from the same area. Got it. The difference is, that scenario is about traffic control and not about having to get permission to travel.

Does the atmosphere really belong to countries?

OK, so, if you could launch from a ship in the middle of the ocean you would be free to launch as you wish? Is that the case?
I posted below but you cannot fully simulate a locker with independent motors. The quad motor Rivian is actually inferior to the dual motor for rock crawling due to this.

The quad motor Rivian produces 908 lbs/ft of torque which means each motor produces 908/4 = 227 lbs/ft. It has a single speed gear ratio of 12.6:1 meaning each wheel can get a maximum of 227 * 12.6 = 2860.2 lbs/ft wheel torque.

The dual motor Rivian produces 829 lbs/ft of torque which means each motor produces 829/2 = 414.5 lbs/ft. It has has a single speed gear ratio of 13.7:1 (11:1 front) in the rear meaning each rear wheel can get a maximum of 414.5 * 13.7 = 5678.65 lbs/ft wheel torque (4559.5 front) with brake locking diff.

Contrast this with a Jeep Wrangler which can put out 20,000 to 30,000 lbs/ft of torque to any single wheel through its torque converter, transmission, transfer case and axle gearing which can be over 100:1 in gear ratio and single ICE.

There are videos of Rivian's stalling rock crawling that are no issue for an old Jeep with weak engine due to lack of torque to the wheels. EV's will need lockers and probably at least two speed transmission to compete here, or they will need way oversized quad motors to make enough low speed torque without the gearing and lockers.
It's not clear to me why the big asset owning carriers would continue to allow MVNOs. At some point the cannibalization from their own businesses is going to outweigh the revenue from the MVNO.
“Put ifs were they minimize the net total Cyclomatic complexity”

This is exactly what the factory design pattern is trying to achieve. Figure out the type of object to create and then use it everywhere vs a million different switch statements scattered around.

Also don’t create batch functions unless you need to. Functions that work on a single item compose better with map-reduce.
> I can't imagine what else that would be.

My first thought was that it looked like a vintage oil can, or a douche bulb.

BTW, Are "Archive", "Junk" and "Sweep" supposed to be verbs or nouns?
And what does the arrow in-between "Junk" and "Sweep" do? Does it belong to "Junk" or with "Sweep" or neither?
I was confused by the author's ignorance about this, too. How do you work in the industry for 25+ years and not know what an archive box looks like?
Not before the Big Bang, but this is interesting -- what if life developed when the entire universe was in the habitable zone?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JOiGEI9pQBs
Thanks for the advise.

As for your question, I'm an American citizen and generally get advise to not directly create a Taiwan company as the tax and banking system are incredibly bureaucratic. Having painfully started a subsidiary here in the past, though not an actual TW corp, makes me suspect the advise I hear is worth listening to.
Those are good points. The debate seems heavily focused on the "I don't like people using my stuff" argument, which falls apart pretty quickly for me. The real distinctions are more nuanced as you point out.
Stunt Car Racer came out in 1989. Five years before this thing you mention.
People approach things through a lens of familiarity. Programmers are likely relating it to their experience.
> No one is gonna be doing this sort of thing with an EV though. There is no charging infrastructure out in the boonies.

Jeep has built solar supplied charging stations at most of the 56 badge of honor trailheads and continues to expand in partnership with Volkswagen. The Rivian recently did an end-to-end run of the Rubicon trail using the Jeep chargers.
The first example is bad for reasons not related to ifs and fors. In general, if you can, if you have a "container" for something, you should write functions on the contained, domain-level "Thing" rather than the container with the domain level thing.

As an example I work with - Clojure. Sometimes I use agents. I don't write functions for agents, I write functions for things agents might contain.

Similar rules for Elixir. My primary domain level functions don't work off a PID. They work off the underlying, domain-level data structures. GenServer calls delegate to that where necessary.

This makes them more flexible, and tends to keep a cleaner distinction between a core domain (frobnicate the Walrus) and broader application concerns (maybe the Walrus is there, maybe not... oh yeah, also frobnicate it).
Built a bunch of apps, here's what I learned
It is insanely impressive!

Last time I dipped my toes in these waters was high school >25 years ago. I was doing my best with an Amiga Video Toaster and Lightwave 3D.

There was so much I wanted to do and just simply couldn’t because the technology hadn’t evolved enough (well, SGI was there, but wasn’t something that was going to be available in high school settings). Jurassic Park had just barely barged onto the scene.

I was running overnight render jobs for scenes that were far less impressive and much shorter.

Having the power of the tools and computer resources at your fingertips for 3D that we have today has the potential to really unleash some talent.
Cloning the voice of a dead person, to me, feels even icky-er.
Indigenous Australians would probably feel the same, too, considering they avoid contact with pictures or recordings of deceased people.
For your stack ("MERN") I'd consider Heroku, Netlify, Firebase or AWS.
No, it just means we accept that we have no power working within the system, only working against it.

Which, for every demographic in the US besides white, straight Christian men, has often just been the self-evident truth.
More than doing the bare minimum as a PR move I think it just has to do with such options being of limited practicality. No amount of that kind of tinker knob beats the effectiveness and manageability of requiring approval to download anything, which the Switch does support.
I think “never” is an exaggeration (sort of his writing style), but all those centuries/millennia of person years invested in Unity really did result in a lot of built-in functionality that Godot understandably will take a while to implement equivalents of.

E.g. a few months ago I was testing Godot for prototyping a game and wanted to add some line renderers for quick and easy visualisation of some mechanics…Unity had these built-in and in Godot I had to write my own. Not a big deal on its own but there’s a lot of tiny things like those that are just available built-in in Unity and not in Godot which in aggregate add up to considerable time saved.

My pure guess with no insider knowledge is that within ~5 years this problem will be a lot less of an issue as Godot 4.x matures.

Unity is really a “batteries-included” kind of engine and it just takes a long time by a lot of programmers to replicate all the “nice to haves” it includes.
You're thinking the MI250. MI300x is a beast for AI.
I agree with that. If a function "can't" be called with a null pointer, but is, that's a very interesting bug that should expose itself as quickly as possible. It is likely hiding a different and more difficult to detect bug.

Checking for null in every function is a pattern you get into when the codebase violates so many internal invariants so regularly that it can't function without the null checks. But this is hiding careless design and implementation, which is going to be an even bigger problem to grapple with than random crashes as the codebase evolves.

Ultimately, if your problem today is that your program crashes, your problem tomorrow will be that it returns incorrect results. What's easier for your monitoring system to detect, a crashed program, or days of returning the wrong answer 1% of the time? The latter is really scary, depending on the program is supposed to do. Charge the wrong credit card, grant access when something should be private, etc. Those have much worse consequences than downtime. (Of course, crashing on user data is a denial of service attack, so you can't really do either. To really win the programming game, you have to return correct results AND not crash all the time.)
Wasn’t that environment saturated by gamma rays? I’m thinking of the pre-redshift cosmic microwave background.
Are amino acids not present in rocky planet oceans?
any chemical or large industrial plant built in the last 30 years
Honestly, this is something I've been wanting to do for a while... Last I looked though, I couldn't find many good resources on how WASI (or the byte code) worked... And VBA being single threaded might make things difficult too...

I have already built my own code interpreter in VBA to make Lambda syntax possible: https://github.com/sancarn/stdVBA/blob/master/src/stdLambda.... so I know it's definitely possible, just haven't figured out WASM yet...
As someone who uses all those techs, what makes me more sad is when I can’t continue to use this tech because some other company force me to use their shitty software that isn’t interoperable in any way and I am forced to use it because of work/friends.

However, I am aware enough to understand why others don’t get the appeal. At least with email I can pick my client and they can pick theirs which is more “user friendly”. Slack etc forces me to use workflows I hate.
The point is that Electron-the-platform is playing a similar role to GTK or Qt: it talks to Wayland, and the application talks to it. Therefore the application is not interfacing directly with Wayland, and claiming that it is would be singling out Electron from the category of UI toolkits.

But it depends on your definition of “application”.
I think in Intel’s case it was both the cost and the power consumption/heat that led to cloud vendors and Apple looking for alternatives.
Intel Foundry apparently has some room.
Not sure I’ll make it. Usually a flurry of downvotes come in and drags me back.
> Is copying parts of README enough to call for attribution to the original project?

> Is copying error message enough to call for attribution of the original project?

> Where is the line?

If you and them just had the same idea, and both created the same project, without knowing of the other one's wor, then it'd be no-harm-no-foul. If you saw what they were doing, and thought you could do it better, and did your own thing, that'd also be fine; being inspired by someone else doesn't make you a copy.

But copying actual chunks of their work, like the phrasing in the README or in error messages, would count as outright copying them, and thus, credit would be nice.

There's no concrete line in the sand, but I think it's clear you took more than just their general idea, here.
TSMC fabs have bombs build in to destroy everything if PROC invades I've read.
I know its a luxury but paying for a new phone every year on the best provider in my area is 100% worth it. I never worry about the battery dying, having good reception, etc... This cost maybe $100 dollars a month extra but its worth it to me.
Multi-cellular life, sure. But single cell life is hardier and could survive lots of places.

And we're blind to the cosmos, period. All we can see is star-sized objects and bigger. No one is ruling out other possibilities, they're just thinking about where we can look first, when we start looking.
If I'm being honest, I do know they get annoyed by that stuff but I've never really understood why. It's a somewhat common pattern in Mathematics as an avenue for hypotheses to take an existing phenomenon, model some subset of its capabilities, use that to define a new class of behaviour, follow that through to conclusions, then use that to go back to seeing if those conclusions apply to the original phenomenon.

A theoretical such thing might be for us to look at, say, human arms and say "Well, this gripping thing is a cool piece of functionality. Let's build an artificial device that does this. But we don't have muscle contraction tech, so we'll put actuators in the gripping portion. All right, we've built an arm. It seems like if we place it in this position it minimizes mechanical wear when not in action and makes it unlikely for initial movement to create undesired results. I wonder if human arms+hands have the same behaviour. Ah, looks like not, but that would have been interesting if it were the case"

Essentially that's just the process of extracting substructure and then seeing if there is a homomorphism (smooshy type abuse here) between two structures as a way to detect yet hidden structure. Category theory is almost all this. I suppose the reason they find it annoying is that there are many mappings that are non-homomorphic and so these are the false cognates of concepts.

Still, I think the whole "An ANN is not a brain" thing is overdone. Of course not. A mechanical arm is not an arm, but they both have response curves, and one can consider a SLAM approach for the former and compare with the proprioceptive view of the latter. It just needs some squinting.

Anyway, considering your familiarity with R and his work, I think I'm not speaking to the uninitiated, but I thought it worth writing anyway.
Or a pi zero, if you want to stay in raspberry land and/or trade higher power draw for a fair bit more SRAM.
The first to complain about an open network using encryption, would be the existing commercial users, eg cell phone companies, etc.

And because the justification for using an alternative to commercial services would be to avoid paying licenses fees, they world be correct.

One complaint from a large phone company to the FCC, would have the unlicensed station shut down very smartly.
The deleted letter is from 2002, but this one references the Obama administration.
Privacy policy (Effective: December 14, 2023)
Your comment is 100% technically correct, except that people reading it may think that baud means numbers of bits per second.

If you have more than 2 possible symbols, you can do much more than that; 256QAM could be getting 8 bits/second/Hz under very strong signal conditions.
>What supernatural being descended on earth and gave governments the supreme right to own the path from earth into space.

This is a higher subset of

“God created men, Col. Colt made them equal,”

And that is, governments have the supreme authority of violence, and if you would like to do anything about it, at the end of the day you have to keep violence open as an option.

So, in theory, yes you could launch from the middle of the ocean if you wanted. But I suspect at the end of the day you having both the ability to potentially put weapons in space, and the lack of your own military to defend your sovereignty means you'll get offed by a hostile government first chance they get. That or if you travel anywhere you'll be abducted by the US and put in prison forever.
Researching this stuff and managing data usage like that is not worth the ROI for most people.
For what it's worth: I'm from the Netherlands, generally considered a very high tax country. I've only recently learned about US property taxes and I'm shocked.

We too have such a thing, in a much more complicated way, but it's a mere fraction of what you pay.

On average, a dutch household that owns a home pays 851€ per year in municipality taxes, which includes property tax, waste/garbage services and sewage rights. Pure property tax may be as low as 50€ per month.

The idea behind it is very simple: you can't eat a home. A home you occupy does not generate any immediate income. Further, a home owner has little influence on the value of its property. When it rises in value that might be great, but your income, whichever it is, does not rise along with it. Finally, one can effectively never retire in their own bloody home with such a scheme.

Property tax is deeply unethical and cruel. Astonishing how the ultimate capitalist country allows for it.
I think it's pretty simple: your boss reviews you and says you met expectations.

All relationships with employers must be transactional. Or rather, they are transactional. You either know it or you don't. You're getting compensated to perform duties. Or you're getting compensated for time. Or you're getting compensated for expertise. The entire relationship exists for the sake of mutual benefit in a clear agreement of terms.
I like it.

It made me realize why structures in biology might arise in very short time spans "fully formed" as opposed to the the relatively slow process of natural selection (which is an important part of the evolutionary process, but strikes me as insufficient given the short time scales at play).

It makes sense if simple rules can create complex structures. Then it would just be a matter of "exploring" this universe of complex structures which would likely produce this wild assortment of distinct organisms, gradually shaped and refined over time.

I don't think it's the full picture, but it adds an interesting perspective I never considered before.
Isn't the Camry's popularity largely related to it's dominance as a taxi? I see way more corollas out there than Camry's in the hands of consumers. That being said, I have a 2007 Camry that I love. It friggen rips!
Have switched from a 90$/month ATT plan to a 30$/month Mint plan, all unlimited.

Yeah the coverage is maybe slightly worse and I'm sure that I get "deprioritized" but worth the 720$/year of savings.
I will continue to sigh. The visual cortex is relatively simple and linear. You're not saying something that's as impressive as you think it is.
> The reason this restriction exists has nothing to do with the retro-justifications used by the community.

The original reasons not being such a big concern anymore don't mean that we've not spotted that these restrictions have a lot of useful features.

There are some great use cases that encryption would allow... and also, if it became commonplace on ham bands, turn them into an opaque, uninviting mess, too.
Seems a bit rough and ready, why not use a more granular map:

https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article/figure?...

or read through the two major cited articles:

Mulchandani et al. (2023) Global trends in antimicrobial use in food-producing animals: 2020 to 2030 https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article?id=10.1...

Delia Grace (2015) Review of Evidence on Antimicrobial Resistance and Animal Agriculture in Developing Countries https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/57a0897e40f0b...

There's some devil in the details, of course, are the antimicrobials used in animals the same as those used in humans? ie. Does increasing resistance in animals to X product result in resistance to Y product as used in humans?

Australia thinks it has the right solution here: https://www.amr.gov.au/about-amr/amr-australia/animal-health
Thanks, realizing that I incorrectly used the term incorporate as I did mean just LLC.
Microsoft recently released OfficeScripts, which are JS with a record macro button. Problem is, it's currently too limiting. Will be good in a few decades though if support isn't dropped.
China is no longer just the factory; now, it's also the mall
esim usually lets you do two numbers. At least on my iPhone I can. One for local number, could use the other for a temporary one for travel
What do you mean by roaming here? Assuming it's data, the big 3 are not affordable in my opinion.

Version and AT&T each charge $10 per day for international data, and T-Mobile's cheapest plan with international data is $90/month.
This reminds me of something hilarious I saw on Facebook a few years ago. My graphic designer friend was joking about how she has a ton of PSD files in a folder with funny numbers, names, and notes in the filename.

Then, a programmer swooped into the comments section and tried to sell her on the merits of using git for version control. LOL. I nearly died laughing.
I really prefer the flat variant cause it helps me ensure exhaustiveness. In the end people probably trained their brain to read the nested variant to the point it's transparent to their neurons.
I have not; thanks that works, I'm writing this reply from Wayland right now!
huggingface supports multi-node training?? https://huggingface.co/docs/optimum/habana/usage_guides/mult...

am i missing something here? just like you'd want to scale an h100 cluster out beyond one box of 8, you'd do the same for gaudi2?
‘Input lag’ in games is rarely about input.

It’s usually all about the latencies involved in getting graphics onto the screen after responding to the input.

Even an FPGA-based ‘emulator’ or real retro hardware with the fanciest low-latency upscaler won’t feel truly responsive if connected to an LCD TV that adds 60-100ms of latency (yes, some are really that bad, especially if not in ‘game mode’)
On the Macs that supported it the feature was invoked by holding a key during power-on. On the "client" the target disk mode machine appeared as a Firewire-attached disk. It was very slick.

I'd love to have my PC laptop have the same kind of functionality. Need to troubleshoot an OS boot issue-- just plug the unit into a working PC and the disks show up as local devices. Unlock the full disk encryption and go to town. All the convenience of extracting the disk and connecting to another machine without cracking the case.
Agree, Python implementation in Excel is trash. Not at all a competitor for VBA. Not yet anyway.
The Cobalt chip will run ARM Linux I’m sure. It’s basically a competitor for AWS’s Graviton.
A Jeep can have over 100:1 gear ratio in low range with torque converter and transmission and axles, its can put 20,000 to 30,000 lbs/ft to the wheels a quad motor Rivian is a fixed 12.6:1 gear ratio so 11440.8 lbs/ft to the wheels max.

Now have two wheels lose traction and you cut that down to 5720.4 lbs/ft at the wheels while a Jeep with lockers put the full 20k+ torque to any one wheel as needed.
The U.S. refuses to regulate Amazon for knowingly going along with the world's largest fraud market. They make bills like this to detract from the much larger and insidious evil of mega tech corps. After all, they pay for the bills.
Crowdfunding Guides
Hi HN!

Looking for sound Crowdfunding Advice.

Our primary product is Trademarked Racewear. That is to say it's gear for fans of auto racing.

My real passion though is High Performance Driver Training. Which is also a product. I have a twist on this though... we use public roads--Not race tracks.

And yes I am qualified to teach as I am a driver athlete and I have the bona fides.

PS: Anyone interested in seeing a future F1 world champion-- check out my 10 Year Old associate driving instructor. This child is a True Prodigy... the Ferrari Formula One Team is already talking to his dad.

https://www.sebastianeskandari.com
Speaking as a non-3d animator, this entry is in a completely other league than the other entries. I'm sure people will find a way to be critical of it as HN always does, but holy crap this blows me away.
When I was a kid, it took me about a week to model a single wineglass in Bryce3d.
Cool project, but the features mentioned are:

> Single messaging, group chats, live typing indicators, full-res media sharing and voice notes (plus RCS and way more emoji compared to iMessage).

These are all available in Google Chat already; what's the sell here? Just "turning the blue bubble green?"
Is cross contamination just not a thing in Europe then?