skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Thing that happened in California is getting a contractors license has become onerous and is gate kept by the owners of contracting firms.

Would be better if we allowed trade schools to issue licenses for particular types of work. As in someone can take a set of classes and get a license to install car chargers. Seriously you don't need 5 years of training to add a breaker to an existing panel and run romex to an outlet. Especially if a permit inspector checks the work.

You can run a trade school exactly how they run dental schools. Where the students after taking classes and labs then practice for real. No reason instruction couldn't include actual work in the field.
> Just like a Gimp user would, trying to find things in Photoshop.

I'm double commenting in this conversation but I was a GIMP user in high school and college before switching to photoshop. I specifically remember thinking how much nicer it was that everything in photoshop was where I expected it and worked how I expected.
>> Demand is so much greater than supply almost everywhere in the US

It really isn't.

Demand is so much greater than supply in the places you want to live, not in the places I want to live.
There is a very famous American Buddhist monk called "Ajahn Geoff" who teaches this exact thing. Most people WILL commit heinous acts under the pressure of starvation. (And that's why he and other Buddhist monastics urge the taking of the Buddhist moral precepts).
I have been trying for some time to understand what Homotopy Type Theory or Univalent Foundations is actually about.

The HOTT book announces a new branch of mathematics, what is it?

Martín Escardó addresses this directly at the beginning with his 8 points.

HOTT is a Martin-Löf Type Theory variant.

MLTT has been developing since at least 1970, so it's not exactly brand new.

In contrast to First Order Logic and Zermelo Fränkel Set Theory, MLTT works with types that are constructed and applied according to certain rules.

Some of the rules are more logical (Cartesian product = conjunction, function = implication) some are more mathematical (induction rules, e.g. for natural numbers).

Martin-Löf's innovations are the Dependent Types (corresponding to logical quantifiers) and the Identity Types.

Identity types have always been somewhat mysterious; equality actually seems to be the simplest thing in the world.

On the one hand, two expressions are equal if they have the same simplification (assuming confluence).

This is called definitional (extensional) equality. But there is also equality that has to be proven (differently), that is intensional equality.

Definitional equality implies intensional equality (the expressions are equal => their equality is proven).

HOTT now sees a non-trivial structure in the proofs of equality. Various equality proofs are possible. One level higher, however, there is the possibility of proving the equality of equality proof and on and on.
This is an infinity groupoid or homotopy type.

This results in a hierarchy of mathematical objects. At the bottom are objects whose equality is trivial (old school sets and propositions).

The new ones are the Higher Types, whose elements (e.g. cell complexes) are complicated set constructions in traditional mathematics.

For Univalence I better refer to Point 3, otherwise I would write that Univalence enables treating equal Objects as equal.
It says it is based on https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-7B-v0.1 not https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 so I am guessing "No"
How did we coordinate activities across multiple sites and suppliers before the internet?

Basically, I don't think enough people are seriously questioning the costs vs benefits of using the internet when dealing with sensitive data. You should assume anything that touches an internet-connected device will eventually be stolen, and plan accordingly.
This is shocking. Where have you lived that this is so common for you?
> So unless your city is named "success", it's going to be missing from the dataset.

https://geotargit.com/called.php?qcity=Success

> There are 11 places in the world named Success!

Negligence of all possible corner cases is common in handcrafted, "well-intentioned" approaches such as this. I put well-intentioned in quotes because assuming you know all the issues and premature confidence in the solutions demonstrates a lack of intention to actually get it right. Hubris permeates the mindscape of move-fast-break-things types.

Sometimes the failures are more obvious such as those pointed out by sibling comments. Part of the EFF's general point is it's a complicated business with so many pitfalls that it's a shame we have to learn by trial and error when people's private data is on the line. There's a reason many large companies have entire departments exclusively focused on privacy in their data stores.
Probably? At the expense of not being able to update too much the OS running the thing within Docker, which by itself comes with a security risk.
Wow that is fantastic!
FTFY: GNOME Shell/Mutter and wlroots don't fractionally scale chrome, discord, vscode, spotify, beeper and other Xwayland applications.

KDE Plasma Wayland by default applies Xwayland fractional scaling for X11 apps, which while less good than Wayland-native scaling mostly works. (If it's broken for you/an app you use, you can toggle it to let the DE scale up from 100%.)
> Every coworker I’ve had who thinks this way has left a minefield of gotchas and inscrutable interdependencies for the unfortunate developers who come after.

I mean, then they weren't good engineers? Nobody said that approach is good.

But I've also seen enough for my share of engineers that knowingly write buggy code that eventually blows up in someone's face because that code was simpler and turned out elegant that way. Code simplicity and reality don't always go hand in hand. The startup graveyard is filled with businesses with otherwise great engineers that lost sight of the customer's actual experience.
Honestly, the real payoff for this project is the experience of building it! I think that you did a great job.

Either way, welcome to the HN community.
It’s been shipping for decades and people have been complaining the whole time.
That sounds really interesting! I need to take a look at it!
OP did not say they would pass the exam. They said they would pass the math portion.

Most of us wouldn’t pass this exam because even if we took Latin we probably didn’t take Greek. However if we were applying to Harvard in 1899, we probably would have studied that in addition to the mathematics portion. Talking about time pressure as a way to dismiss OP is disingenuous given they likely would have spent a significant portion of their time studying for the exam back then.
I agree. I like C# where you can expect libraries to play nice. In theory it is possible for C# library to crash your app but it is definitely not on the trodden path.

But I do prefer return values over exceptions! I have not used Go and I think the err != nil boilerplate might drive me a little insane, but Haskells option types seem a nice fit.
I wouldn't say it's obvious the brain doesn't work this way.

See the free energy principle, one of the leading theories of how our brain works.

> The free energy principle is a theoretical framework suggesting that the brain reduces surprise or uncertainty by making predictions based on internal models and updating them using sensory input. It highlights the brain's objective of aligning its internal model with the external world to enhance prediction accuracy

Making predictions and then correcting for them in some way is a pretty low bar and it's often achieved through differentiability. I wouldn't be surprised if relevant neurological structures exist in our brains that do this.
Another way to word that, is that the benefit that Steam provides through their distribution/passive marketing service is so large that it justifies the 30% price tag. If it did not, then developers would go find another service. It's basic economics.
KDE doesn't have this problem, actually. At least it's not uglier than X11, since by default (since 5.27 or so) it uses X11's DPI scaling for Xwayland apps by default. You can change that under Display settings if it doesn't work for your apps and you need to revert to ugly blurry upscaling like GNOME and sway do.
Almost literally every company with human customers collects user data because it’s necessary to run a business. Very few of those have a business model where the purpose is to profit from the sale of that data. Every one of our customers is treating first party data for first party use cases, which is far more common than buying or selling data. How many companies have prod user data and developers that need an up to date prod-like database? A ton. Many just copy prod and distribute to devs. The good ones try to keep scripts for populating the database with test data up to date, but that’s a nightmare. Anonymization is an elegant solution to this problem. There are countless other use cases where organizations need to use their customer data internally and (should) want to protect identities.

Most companies don’t want to sell their user data because they consider it competitive, and most data brokers don’t want to anonymize because why would they if they’re already selling raw data? They aren’t interested in our software because we prevent singling out of identities.
We use Google OCR to convert the screenshot into whitespace-structured text for unimodal LLMs. For multimodal LLMs like GPT-4V, you don't need to use the OCR utilities. Thanks for the feedback though, we'll clarify!
Sadly, there will be people that wholeheartedly believe that humans have been aboard in direct conflict with this kind of evidence.
Ah, Ricardo. Did you know he was a stockbroker who made his fortune scamming clients and bought himself a peerage with the loot? Not relevant but a fun biographical detail.

Anyhow his theory rests on assumptions that are nonsensical in today’s economy.[1]

Instead we have “labor arbitrage” which is to say workers being displaced.

[1] https://lawecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1674...
You have to (nonverbally; perhaps with your whole personality) get them to understand and agree that it is good for them to take out the trash, and to trust your intentions, and that your leadership generally is also good and worthy of trust
I have raised it in the past and will do so again. One of the problems is the manager has no software engineering experience and his view of "working norms" often go against mine.

Some of my complaints are fairly basic: test/review your own work before asking someone else to review it. This should be applicable regardless of industry.
OBS works fine via xdg-desktop-portal. I think Firefox (which you can use for Meet and Zoom?) also works, but it's been ages since I tried. Not sure about Chrome and Electron apps, but for those you'll at least need a pretty new version (which Discord for example refuses to ship iirc).
This reeks of attempting to close the garden further. Whatever happened to that boot/hack that gave cli to ipad that was mentioned a few years ago.
I guess, why wouldn’t you just have them there all the time instead of only installing them for emergencies?
I'm seeing this for the first time given I'm not from the US, but its reach seems limited
https://resist.bot/petitions

In Germany there is Campact for example which usually crosses 200K signatures per petition, if something like this doesn't exist in the US then I think someone with money should create it or promote an existing solution like OpenPetition to enough recurring signers

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campact
Steam Deck OLED Teardown Reveals a Complete Overhaul
I've been tempted. But

1. That exposes me to MORE involvement with this service, not less, and potentially legal culpability. Risk may be small but impact is large and benefit is neglible, so math doesn't work out for me.

2. It requires MORE effort on my part. For a poor design and error made by not me.

If it were once every 5 years, maybe.

When it's weekly, it's just an annoyance.

Sometimes when I'm really angry, I just write to their gdpr or compliance officer with a stern better and links to various sections of the law and their obligations. Doesn't accomplish much but makes me feel better :-)

But overall, it's a systemic issue, and given we are on hacker news, I'd say it's OUR systemic issue caused by us :-/
These are the wrong yard sticks.

Here's another person making a dangerous analogy between code and a goal with a fixed end date. A paper that has been graded is done. A book that has been published is 99.9% done.

Code that is no longer being touched is not done; it's dead.

I have a five year plan for every tree in my yard. You can't rewrite trees, and there's a maximum rate at which you can refactor them. So there's what you can do now, what you will do next, and everything beyond that is educated speculation. You can't control it. You can't control the elements or disease or accidents.

So I know what I want to do, and I know how much I will do in the spring, and how much I'll have to delay until next year. And next year, or the year after, I'll step back, look at the whole thing again, and make a new plan, that might not look too much like my current plan. It all depends on what the other forces acting on my projects get up to in the meantime.

Like the trees, you can't control your coworkers, you can only influence, steer and remove. If you try to exert more control, you end up with a tiny little tree. And the dirty little secret with those is that the tree still does largely what it wants, and the skill is in making what actually happened look like it was on purpose.

If you want a big happy tree, you have to focus on the irreversible decisions, and let a lot of the little shit go (for now), and sometimes try again later. If all goes well, the only person who thinks the end result is a mess will be you. A layperson will think it was all going according to your plan.
I don’t want to live in the same house with my abusive parents.
There's some hints about the kind of experiment payloads have flown: not all classified, not all military, some mundane long duration materials and radiation exposure studies it sounds like.

https://spacenews.com/x-37b-spaceplane-to-carry-dod-and-nasa...
Memory corruption might die out as we secure our software stacks but I’m glad to see that weebs are eternal.
A similar saying, which I like more: "code as if your (hypothetical) children will have to maintain it"
Having parents who expose you to these things and instill curiosity and passion puts you ahead of 99.9% of people who graduated from a CS program if you decide to go through that yourself. Direct early-life hands-on experience is a huge privilege and it is important to remember that.
There is just the Minkowski space and all flows from that.
Ahh… planet earth has limited amount of space. We need less people instead.

If need to build then we need to build vertically.
Yes, manual tagging doesn't provide type safety. That's why I said some people are disappointed that Go doesn't have sum types. There isn't even a convoluted workaround either, at least not a full one.
Ties into the Einstein quote on HN the other day: an example of why you might not want to defer decisions to the smartest people.
This seems a little too on the nose (pun intended) for even the Ig Nobel prize
Fantasy thoughts

SAR x-ray (what)

Or in orbit x ray of other satellites (emitter and receiver on other side).

I just think any kind of legit scanning has to be against the object being scanned. Muon tomography too
The X-37B operates in GEO, which is the only hint we need.

Missions objectives will include satellite inspection, signal interception, and (unacknowledged) tampering / destruction.

Payloads will be geared for medium-range surveillance (small telescope for optical/thermal imaging at a couple hundred km), ELINT (radios and antennas for snooping / hacking), and probably a manipulator arm or two to "reach out and touch someone."

They probably have some sort of kinetic and/or electronic pulse weapons, but of course it would be highly classified and deniable.

Missions are 100% unmanned. I'd argue that's the whole point of the X-37B program: to develop technology to perform ~all the classified mission capabilities we could do with Shuttle, except unmanned.
Random Matrix Methods for Machine Learning [pdf]
Just a minor off topic pet peeve of mine, but why not keep calling the language that Persians speak "Persian" in English? Just how it doesn't feel entirely right to suddenly start calling Spanish "Español" instead in English, or Swedish as "Svenska" and so on. I've met so many people not realizing the endonym "farsi" is just a (for some reason) new word in English used for the already well established name for the Persian language
Ex-Redhatter that watched stuff go down while defending it till I stopped (much after I left). That's not Redhat anymore, it's IBM.

The lovely RHEL people and CentOS people didn't have a say. We kept hearing and believing that the CentOS stream change was never intended to break CentOS users until they hid the sources.

RHEL is built on open source products, and support is sold. To innovate in open source by coming up with ways to get around GPL (we'll retaliate if you publish our legally publishable sources IIUC) is evil. In direct violation of what every other contributor to linux/GNU/anything GPL ever released their software under.

Disclaimer: I was part of other projects, not this directly, and I had nothing, but respect and love for everyone I worked with. We were in denial then too.
Facebook is probably salivating at the thought of their own App Store. Don’t forget that Apple already once had to block Facebook’s enterprise apps because they were literally paying kids to enroll their devices and install a data harvesting VPN.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19035834
Well, part of it includes actually wanting to do this stuff. Some people don’t, and that’s fine.
Thanks for proving my point so quickly.
I call that Tuesday.

Or this week, Saturday.
But returns are not known a priori.
the compiler from 8 years ago can still build code that works on the operating system from 8 years ago; the new compiler often cannot, even if it does exist

it may well be obsolete in the sense that the new compiler is more convenient to use and produces more efficient code, but that's irrelevant

software doesn't rot like the potatoes you forgot about in the fridge

your argument is contingent on the presumption that people never do stupid things that cause them damage in the future. but if that were true, nobody would buy cigarettes, or for that matter microsoft windows, in the first place
I think it's super interesting that you and I went from upvoted -> downvoted. It seems the community is pretty split on agreeing with us / thinking we're the problem. Interesting how we can't all get along... Try to give a youngin' some friendly unsolicited advice, only to get told we're the problem.

After a while it trains you to suppress your opinion/not speak up. Those who put us down the hardest will dominate and we'll give up + stay silent.

What will that lead to?

A chamber full of...
ChatGPT might be able to point you at some stuff but you might run into trouble if it tells you something and you have no easy way of verifying whether it’s right or not, since you won’t be in a position to check.
Exploring the wasteland this song plays
Tell this to MercadoPago. Once I did a chargeback on a fraudulent gift card purchase and months later they sent this debt to collections - they didn't report it to the credit agencies, though. It resolved pretty fast once I escalated the issue to the ombudsman.

There's no legal footing, but they will try.
50m of clear blue Caribbean paradise water. Or 5cm of turbid Amazon river outflow.
> much of what we call “sunk cost” looks like simple carelessness & thoughtlessness

Politics make the sunk cost fallacy pervasive in business and government.

If you’re in management in most companies, you get fired if a signature initiative of consequence fails.

So the actual calculus is to either declare defeat and essentially fire yourself today, or risk a bit more of the company’s capital (not your own!) to see out the x% chance that the venture succeeds.
Youtube has more than a couple people who pull apart tools and see how they tick, then they speculate on how what they found informs the users' likely experiences with this model over another one.

I wish we had someone doing that with code.
How did Python scripting work with that? It sounds like Python could only call the SgCmd layer but couldn't redfine anything at the Oz layer.

And, how did Python call that SgCmd layer? If instead you wanted Tcl (or Ruby or ...) to call that SgCmd layer, how would that work?

Interested in this as I'm very much bumping into problems like this right now.
> People who own houses in expensive coastal markets can't easily be dislodged.

They also have an incentive to drive up their own property values via NIMBYism.

Maybe prop 13 should be repealed so that all of these greedy people can pay their fair share of property taxes on their inflated property values
You seem to be on a crusade of the same level of "hate"(your standards, not mine) too. Against a person in fact.
Honestly we should extend this to digital markets.

If I buy a game on steam, I should be allowed to sell it. Just like I’d be allowed to sell a physical game.

If I buy a game, no DRM claim should be able to claw back that game from me.
It is not about vendoring. Vendored dynamic libs would be depending or other libs or even on glibc that does not exist anymore. You can't recreate the dynamic libs environment.

With static you don't need that environment, only the kernel, so yes, static compilation solves the problem.
Indeed. This also explains the popularity lately of vintage (1970s/1980s) computers. I occasionally think it would be fun to have the same Macintosh SE I had as a kid, but can’t bring myself to pay the high prices that they’re going for now (at least for ones in fully working condition).
I think the real punishment for Apple is that it’ll be harder for their employees to get their PERMs certified i.e. more likely to be denied/audited (audit adds 5-6 months on top of the normal 10-11 months), which has been the case for Facebook since the same settlement with DOJ.
I don’t need it to solve problems where I’m completely stuck for it to be worth $20 a month.

Things I’ve gotten value out of in the past week or two:

• Writing a job description

• Making a python script to automate some stuff in Asana

• Simplifying some management concepts so I could slack them to a coworker

All of these are things I could easily do myself. But with ChatGPT, they’re done 75% as well in 10% of the time and I don’t have to think hardly at all.
Auto!Automatic!!’s first album[1] has different track titles on streaming services [2] likely because of a refusal to account for these edge cases

[1] https://www.discogs.com/master/1902714-AutoAutomatic-Another...
[2] https://open.spotify.com/album/0rNK6bVONDkJAdBgmemm9h
You would need iCloud Private Relay enabled to encounter the issue. Even then, you don’t get a say in which edge provider you get routed through: it may be Cloudflare, or it may be someone else (e.g., Akamai). It’s up to Apple.
This. I’m interested in Rust for safety, but I really just want to be allowed to use a language aimed at empowering experts rather than novices.
time to go next?