skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
there's nothing garbled about this idea -- not sure about my messaging in this thread, maybe the explanations are a bit looser today

A computable function is a function from naturals to the naturals typically specified as an algorithm: a sequence of steps by which input numbers are transformed into output numbers.

Eg., consider sorting: 101, 001, 111, etc.

Now any physical system can have any component part associated with 0 or 1. There is no reason, a priori, to suppose that voltage flux on a CPU is a "1" or a "0" any more than to associate a photon emission.

If one associates a photon emission at some location with a 0, and another with a 1, then displaying content on a screen is a form of sorting.

Likewise a planet orbiting the sun is implementing a while(true) i = -1*i, if one associates -1/1 with position of the planet orbiting the sun. This is the heart of 'reversible computing'.

The only reason we associate some microscopic part of a CPU with 0, 1, etc. is by design it is something we as observers bring to bare on our interpretation of the physical system. But there's an infinite number of such attributions. We would only ever come to conclude that voltage flux across transitiors was relevant to the operation of a laptop via physics experiments --- no hope via computer science.

This is very important for understanding why csci is presently useless and misinformative as far as the brain is concerned. There are an infinite number of 0/1 attributions to make, and infinite number of algorithms being implemented etc. almost all of those are irrelevant.

Just, as you detect the absurdity, of using sorting algorithms to understand how an LCD works. This is presently less absurd than people talking about neural networks and equivocating with brain structures
> Yes, and?

It means that there is no guarantee that, given a non-continuous function function f(x), there exists an NN that approximates it over its entire domain withing some precision p.

> That would be surprising, do you have any examples?

Do you know of a universal algorithm that can take a continuous function and a target precision, and return an NN architecture (number of layers, number of neurons per layer) and a starting set of weights for an NN, and a training set, such that training the NN will reach the final state?

All I'm claiming is that there is no known algorithm of this kind, and also that the existence of such an algorithm is not guaranteed by any known theorem.

> Well duh. Me speaking English doesn't mean I can tell 你好[0] from 泥壕[1] when spoken.

My point was relevant because we are discussing whether an NN might be equivalent to the human brain, and using the Universal Approximation Theorem to try to decide this. So what I'm saying is that even if "knowning English" were a continuous function and "knowing French" were a continuous function, so by the theorem we know there are NNs that can approximate either one, there is no guarantee that there exists a single NN which can approximate both. There might or might not be one, but the theorem doesn't promise one must exist.

> I think all of physics would disagree with you there, what with it being built up from functions where each input has a single output.

It is built up of them, but there doesn't exist a single function that represents all of physics. You have different functions for different parts of physics. I'm not saying it's not possible a single function could be defined, but I also don't think it's proven that all of physics could be represented by a single function.
I think it's more about the opposite. If you are the new owner, you don't want the old owner to continue to have access to features connected to your new domain.

So as a new owner you would want to remove the tokens.
Yeah. Cloudflare sucks but it's also by far the most effective solution against this type of stuff.
Probably mostly because it was scarce. Additionally because it would've been the only metal that didn't tarnish compared to other metals that did.

I mean gold has always been and will always be (until we start space mining I guess) scarce, can see similar effects for things like aluminium, for example here: https://clintonaluminum.com/aluminum-was-once-worth-more-tha....

So based on that I would say it was purely thanks to scarcity. Money is used to represent x human effort/time after all; it takes time to find the gold, then time to process it. But the same applies to various other weird currencies used in the world like seashells/beads: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_money#:~:text=Shell%20mo....

I feel like there's an intermediate step with these where seashells/beads/similar objects had cultural significance and therefore value because they had to be found (and sometimes worked into beads). It's a step from pure trading of useful items like a knife or an item of clothing to an intermediate currency like seashells, then to precious metals (which are still valuable even if melted down) to what we have now (currency as a symbol of trust that the currency is worth what it's worth as enforced by a government or some other system).
I feel there is a strong interest by large incumbents in the AI space to push for this sort of regulation. Models are increasingly cheap to run and open source and there isn't too much of a defensible moat in the model itself.

Instead, existing AI companies are using the government to increase the threshold for newcomers to enter the field. A regulation for all AI companies to have a testing regime that requires a 20 headstrong team is easy to meet for incumbents, but impossible for newcomers.

Now, this is not to diminish that there are genuine risks in AI - but I'd argue that these will be exploited, if not by US companies, then by others. And the best weapon against AI might in fact be AI. So, pulling the ladder up behind the existing companies might turn out to be a major mistake.
Hmm. It is possible that deepfakes are merely a good excuse. There is real money on the table and potentially world altering changes, which means people with money want to ensure it will not happen to them.

Deepfakes don't affect money much.
It really seems like Lex Fridman was boosted as a "safe Joe Rogan", a stoner/intellectual/macho podcaster guy, but one who won't lead his audiences into conspiracy theory territory. Or maybe it just seems that way to me because Lex obviously idolizes Joe Rogan and either smokes too much weed before his interviews or acts as if he does.

I really can't wrap my mind around how he managed to get so many high profile guests so fast, except to guess that his father's connections had a lot to do with it. Every part of his meteoric rise seems inorganic to me.
Under the `Date` heading:

> Prior to the proposed radiocarbon dates of the 2017 study, most scholars agreed that the physical manuscript was a copy of a more ancient text,
HKalbasi/zngur: A C++/Rust interop tool
Heck, even Cloudflare free tier is very impressive. That's why it's so widespread.
Past performance does not guarantee future results. You can find periods in the US stock market’s history of years, even a decade or so, where the return on the DOW was essentially 0. Look at other countries and it gets worse; Japan’s NIKKEI returned 0 between 1995 and 2020. 25 years of… dividend reinvestment I guess? Still nothing compared to the US stock market during that period.

The stock market is a circus- that’s common knowledge- yet we rely on it for retirement? Okay. That’ll work until it doesn’t.
You werent allowed to invest in the s&p 500 or any other low cost index fund?
The origins of unpredictability in life trajectory prediction tasks
Oh lovely, can't wait to give this a watch. Freya dives deep, and gives wonderful talks. Her video "The Continuity of Splines"[0] is my favorite watch of the past year.

[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvPPXbo87ds
This was expected because open source models of the same size already beat GPT-3.5 in many ways. And Mistral 7B makes you think if huge parameters are even needed for something like GPT-3.5 level.
You can save even more by making the splitter/power blocker yourself. It's simple enough that you can even do it by twisting instead of proper soldering, as long as you have a couple of cables you can sacrifice. On top of that you can get a cheaper hdmi-usb converter instead of using MIPI.
They don't recommend it because the latency is bad and it's awkward, but it's still serviceable, especially if you only use the KVM for quick tasks. Doing it this way you could make the thing for only about ten euro cost on top of the pi.
Digital to Physical Zero waste fashion brand
We are House of Supr. Our brand promotes zero waste by doing two things well.

1. make our designs in digital format. Save creating hundreds of useless samples

2. Make only made to measure Orders. No stock piling , zero returns.

Where we suck is marketing. Feel some resistance , people like what we doing but hesitate to place orders.

Welcome any suggestions or advice
I grew up playing Quake back in the mid 90s with M&K, so when the PS2 and XBOX came out and multiplayer shooters became really big (Halo, CoD, Medal of Honor...), I had a lot of experience playing these kind of games, but most people in my school had a console. It wasn't even cocky players, every one of them thought that mouse & keyboard was worse.

I never got to show them they were wrong, me and a few friends offered to run a LAN tournament but they never took up the challenge... Now it looks like they post on forums complaining about M&K "cheaters" :).
Cloudflare is the simplest solution, but for the sake of treating this like a system design exercise, can you reasonably assume that there is not an infinite supply of devices with which to conduct the attack, fingerprint the devices, and block them?
People can feel less happy when there is a lack of challenge in their life. Consider the example of the guy that spends his life wasting away in front of video games, going for impulsive pleasures instead of long term rewarding goals.

I would guess that each person has a different ideal level and variety of suffering (or responsibility, or challenge, or whatever you want to call it), for which their personality is best suited. We are so far removed from the challenges of the past that we don't know what the subjective experience would be like.
That's "building your own cloudflare".

> Make it cheap to handle the DDOS traffic and expensive to generate the DDOS traffic

The traffic is from compromised devices, so it's very cheap.
Lex started out as an AI guy if I'm not mistaken.
Also - as an aside - he is legitimately one of the worst interviewers of all time. He is so insanely bad at asking good questions. but he has really interesting people on his show so it doesn't matter.
Quake II on the PlayStation 1 is an incredible port. Here is why. [video]
*confabulate. Hallucination is StableDiffusion
The quoted excerpt is referring to only the subset who has maxed out their 401k contributions, whereas you're describing the median, who mostly have not. These are different groups. People who maxed out their 401ks for their working years and had vaguely reasonable investment options (mostly diversified stock funds) will be fine. And social security income should not be ignored.
A reason being that many of those microcontrollers happen to be more powerfull than the 8 and 16 bit home computers that we were coding in BASIC, AMOS, Modula-2, Pascal, C, C++, Clipper, Lisp, Forth,....

While Python has taken over BASIC's role from those days.
Once upon a time I uncovered a bug that recovered $4MM/year in revenue. It was swept under the rug to protect the team and executives that let the blunder continue for as long as it did. I didn't get a raise, but I made some allies and got to coast for a while.
DO you actually have any reason to believe doctors spend more than 2 minutes on each message? I know a few doctors quite well and I've seen them go through the messages. They do not spend much time on each one at all.
It's against HN's guidelines to editorialize titles like this. From https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html:

"Please use the original title, unless it is misleading or linkbait; don't editorialize."

If you want to say what you think is important about an article, that's fine, but do it by adding a comment to the thread. Then your view will be on a level playing field with everyone else's: https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&so...
It’s very common for auto body shops to only work with insurance claims. I think your best bet is to take the car to a dealership-owned body shop, especially if it’s the dealership you bought the car from, or the same make.
There are others e.g. ddos-guard, akamai.
Eval should not be a built-in function
That 1 trillion number was quickly confirmed to be false.

It's believed that GPT4 is a Mixture of Experts model -- it's 8 smaller models (estimated around 200B each) and a router picks the best model to redirect to based on input.
Simple, indirection to the rescue again! Just add an increasing number in the comment field and keep track of which number is which comment in an Excel sheet on SharePoint or similar.

And yes, I'm mostly joking.
The ATtiny85 is an 8 bit MCU. It has no int. Moreover, the C standard doesn't impose restrictions on the width of an int other than that it must be able to hold values between -(2^15 - 1) and (2^15 - 1) (yes, you read that right, this is because before C2x int can be one's complement, two's complement or sign and magnitude).

Now this is mainly C being an unforgiving language but realising this, it may be easier to piece together what's happening here.

Since the ATtiny85 is an 8 bit MCU, anything wider than 8 bits has to be implemented in software. To keep the performance cost of heavy use of int as low as possible, the narrowest possible definition was used. This is in contrast to the author's system which probably uses 32 bit ints.

I imagine the code when #included worked fine because of 32 bit ints and broke when compiled for the ATtiny85 because it used 16 bit ints. Warnings _could_ help here (and I believe the author when he says that the Arduino IDE had no obvious way of enabling them), but realistically the solution would have to re-write the code to use fixed width types. That way you could at least rely on the widths being the same.

Although at least until C2x, you can't assume two's complement.

That being said, it seems to me that trying to "simulate" the chip like this is always going to result in issues, especially when you try to emulate hardware. Probably the best solution here is to bite the bullet and learn how to use simavr which would pay off regardless of using C or Rust.
> “The men in this society were not expected to express emotion,” Barjamovic says. “They occasionally do, and they’re admonished for it. Women could show a little more emotion.”

Oh, my, why is this still true in many societies today? Is this deep deep flaw endemic to humanity across cultural lines?

Are millennials/ Gen Z the first generation where men anre (perhaps?) allowed to be almost as emotional as women?

One sad adjacent fact about millennials and Gen Z is that the men who do decide to be emotional sometimes tend to be ignored (or despised) by women, and thus (unfortunately) turned into involuntarily celibate men.
If militaries are not subject to the regulation then it is meaningless. Who else would be building weapons systems?
Interesting, did you went in for any specific angle? remember the client used?
Broadcom, VMware insist merger to 'close soon' but China is playing hard to get
What do you mean by "trust that their 401k is correctly managed"? Those 401(k) plans are self managed. In most plans the investment selection defaults to a low-cost retirement date fund. There's no one to trust.
I work for a company in the DDoS mitigation space and there is not nearly enough information in your question for anyone to offer any kind of sensible response for your particular situation.

What is your business? How much traffic "normal" do you get? What is the size of the attack? What is the bandwidth of your upstream connection? Who are your customers? Where is it hosted? What are your acceptable thresholds for false negatives and positives? Do you know who is attacking you and why?

Most every hosting provider will have some sort of DDoS monitoring and mitigation on their networks already. Their response to sustained or repeated attacks might range from scrubbing the bad traffic before it gets to you and not notifying you at all, to reaching out to you to work with you on both ends of the issue, to cancelling your account.

If you just have a fairly simple website that you host yourself, Cloudflare likely a fine option. If you have more advanced needs, you should talk to a more comprehensive DDoS solution vendor.
Why would we jump to cannibalism if it is merely sufficient to eat a bunch of other mammal brains (which I vaguely remember reading are a "delicacy", though I feel like I hear that about enough extremely dangerous foods that I consider it an anti-endorsement at this point)?
“Disengaged” here means that they did not make it through the assessment/pre-screening process and did not receive treatment, which is not what is meant by “detransition” or what is commonly understood as contributing to “regret rate”.

When an elderly person rejects knee replacement prior to surgery e.g., because they’ve learned the risks, they’re also not counted in the regret rate for knee replacement.

EDIT: Those that disengaged did not complete treatment, therefore they cannot regret completing treatment. Perhaps they regret starting treatment and perhaps they don’t; either way, that’s not the same thing as detransition. I can’t read their minds to figure out why they disengaged, and neither can anyone else.
That longbow shot was still most of the time within the combat zone, you as an individual knew that we can get ambushed here.

Today you can get killed even far away from the front in a place that was considered mostly safe in previous wars.

The psychological effect today is much worse than anytime in history.
The Conversation is/was an attempt at this:

https://theconversation.com/global

Initially, it was good. Then, it went downhill due to a relaxation of rigour; for every expert giving a scholarly overview, there was a junior academic pushing their particular line. On particularly polarising issue, outright gibberish slipped through (during Jeremy Corbyn's time as leader of the Labour party, for example). These days, there seems to be a scree of shallow articles about current hot topics.
The lost-in-the-middle phenomenon makes me _not_ want larger context windows because the model cannot effectively use it. It seems like we need another arch to process large ctx size.
because alternatives usually cost several thousands $/months..

what has the internet become?

Why not create blacklists (even on a timed basis) with the IPs to block at BGP level? and these blacklists managed by bodies,

- okay they are bodies..., but at least they can be open foundations to which it is not mandatory to join (as in the case of cloudflare)-

available to BGP backbones and routed on a network, castrate the blacklisted traffic?

maybe even at host level be able to make one IP available for normal traffic and possibly one for blacklist traffic using BGP routings to which the blacklist tables are applied?
‘Crossing the streams’ with social roles is also an issue of insecurity. Which we can all point fingers at people and say ‘should’ or ‘shouldn’t’, but people don’t work that way.

I’ve personally seen women get really distressed when they see an actual good male parent (better than them, it appeared) with kids.

And I’ve seen the same with men (to the point of aggressive harassment) with a women who were better than them at ‘manly’ stuff, like welding/fabricating, or car repair.

All of them denied it, but for anyone paying even a little attention it was pretty blatant.
Super cogent points on issues of managing spaceship earth – Dan Schmachtenberger [video]
complex topics and situations articulated very well. how are we engineers, thinkers, and scientists to coordinate in this day in age, outside of the realm of money (making monetary profit should NOT be a priority at all), to bring about a balanced relationship of energy interaction with the environment within which we happen to be embedded?
highly recommend checking it out.

here are some of my favorite bits:
"you can think of the global market as a misaligned super-intelligence, that is already misaligned with planetary wellbeing and humans that is running on all the humans while also running all the humans that also uses all the computer and all the other technology and that is building all of the narrow AIs in its own service. "

"the fact that we are the major geologic force shaping the surface of the planet at this time and the anthropocene that's a lot of fucking power that we have from our intelligence. to think through 'what would it mean for our species to be wise enough to steward that power safely? what kind of civilization ... [is] necessary to be able to steward the power of synthetic bio, AI, nuclear tech, globalized supply chain industrial tech?'."

"he's like 'daniel, everything in DC is rotating doors.' and i'm like 'i know; that's why we're going to go extinct' and he got so frustrated, said 'you're being unrealistic, cause this is how regulation and the world works' and i'm like 'you're being unrealistic; you're pretending that the biosphere can continue to exist' and the issue is that he was grounded in the reality of human history as it has been so far and i was trying to ground in physics and biology cause we don't get to change those in the same ways and the two aren't compatible, so i have to be unrealistic to history as it has been so far if i want to be able to think about how to make a human technological civilization [that is] compatible with the biosphere ... "
This feels like an area where synthetic data can help a lot. It should be fairly "easy" to generate cuneiform-like characters, render them on procedurally generated clay tablets, break tablets using a physics engine and render the pieces in different angles. Training a model on recognizing puzzle pieces with this data would be pretty feasible too.
Depending on the weight of DDoS, you may simply find it saturates your upstream router so very little valid traffic even reaches you. Or your ISP kicks in their own protection and drops all your traffic.

Edit: https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ddos/famous-ddos-attacks... largest ever seems to have been about 180k devices. Getting your upstream to accept that many firewall entries is a big problem.
> Super Mario Galaxy 1 was part of the 'Mario 3D All stars' pack for Switch.

It was on sale for a limited time and got delisted apparently. Better than nothing, I guess - but if you missed it - then it might not even exist.

My point still stands - pirated copies of those games are available 24/7. As GabeN said - piracy is a service problem and Nintendo fails to provide a better service.
I think pixel density is a strange metric for a screen you're watching fully (instead of reading text from a part of the screen). If you want a bigger screen you can take the same content and upscale it (early digital cinema showed mainly 2K movies and that was about as sharp as film). These days lots of "4K" blu-ray discs just contain an upscaled 2K movie and most people don't seem to bother.

Also, I don't think the market will ever get to 100" TVs as a norm. You're an outlier: most people have other priorities (don't want TV to dominate the room, don't have room, don't want to pay for the extra energy required etc).
Once things go from product focused to profit focused, the ranks start getting filled with administrative roles. Then it's just a matter of time until the balance tips and the iron law of bureaucracy goes into full effect.

https://www.jerrypournelle.com/reports/jerryp/iron.html

"tech" is just the most recent place this has happened but you can see it repeated through out the last century+ of industrialized corporations.