skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
You're talking about shifting a culture, and the culture is defined by the people. The current doctoral student mentality will define the future of academia, and most doctoral students are disheartened by the idea of writing grants for their careers. So, any future cultural solution will start with doctoral students.

A solution which should help fix the culture is: (1) universities significantly reduce their total number of incoming doctoral students for the next twenty years, (2) universities immediately pay the existing doctoral students better, and (3) universities explicitly select for doctoral students interested in an academic career. Of course, this approach has financial risk for the university, so the political cost of implementation may be too steep for some.

However, this approach should, in the long run, create a positive outlook for doctoral students, ensure that the average quality of doctoral students is higher, and reduce the amount of doctoral "slave labor" which is heavily exploited to support the grant-seeking paradigm (not exaggerating; I know a doctoral student who was required to be in the lab whenever the PI was, which was often 10 hours a day, sometimes 7 days a week).
Sadly I can't help much here. In my experience you have to create test cases and experiment with different models (a LOT). Some general thoughts in no specific order:

- InstructorXL is my favorite embedding model because it has a two part input, sort of like a system prompt, that you can use to qualify the user input without modifying it yourself. You can experiment with using different system prompts on the initial embeddings and the user prompt. You can also use a bunch of different system prompts and weigh their scores, average them, add them, etc.

- You can start with qualitative test cases like the obvious Leviticus prohibitions and see what the range of scores are like before you create automated test cases and evaluations. Find one of those bibles where one side is the original King James translation and the other side is in modern English to use for more complex pairings.

- If that doesn't lead to an obvious winner, you may need to create a dataset for fine tuning. Make sure the dataset includes lots of negative examples too - cosine similarity scores should have a range of -1 to 1 to be most useful. Maybe take some important verses and change them to the opposite meaning ("thou shall not" => "thou shall") to create those negatives. Split your fine tuning data set into different categories so you can experiment with different combinations (i.e. the aforementioned autogenerated opposite pairs might really hurt the fine tuning because they're too similar).

- You can probably fine tune it using a completely synthetic dataset using GPT-3.5/4 to do all the work. It's "aware" of the concept of vector embeddings and the training data format so it can create positive and negative pairs for you based on your instructions. You can probably find some sort of ranking of the most important passages (say most quoted or something) and feed those to a prompt to generate tons of pairs quickly.
>"advice of counsel” defense waives the right to attorney-client privilege.

Does it also remove his ability to appeal on a "competence of counsel" basis or is that only if he goes full-blown self-representation?
I think root cause is capitalism (neoliberalism) and concentration of wealth.

The wealthy people have all the money and for them, it doesn't look like that improving infrastructure and "building" will make them more money, so why should they want to do that?
Practically all aviation engines have used hardened valve seats since even before WWII. Maybe some WWI era engines didn't have them, I'm not sure.
Show HN: pandoc-from-markdown-to-epub shell script
How to use the Pandoc program to convert from Markdown syntax to an EPUB electronic book, by using a Unix shell script:

https://github.com/sixarm/pandoc-from-markdown-to-epub
Answered my own question. Here's how to add an --interactive flag to the script to continuously ask for prompts and generate images without needing to reload the model into memory each time.

https://github.com/replicate/latent-consistency-model/commit...
Heller made clear that right of people is individual rights of persons. So for instance you still have fourth amendment right even when by yourself. Heller also clarifies the right is disconnected from militia service.

I'm just looking for a single logically consistent person to admit that aliens (not just those with a hunting license or other credential) are people with all the rights of people, or not people and not protected specifically by what is narrowed to protection of people. You were painfully close.
https://github.com/sixarm/pandoc-from-markdown-to-epub
In the last 60 years the government and the FAA have killed civil aviation for anyone that isn't obscenely rich. This environmental bullshit is just one more way to keep the plebs out of the air.
I'm pretty sure if you just repackage the syscalls into a basic module of your language, you will get more stability than by linking to the libc.

I guess people don't do it because the difference is minimal and they use a lot of other features from the C runtime too.

EDIT: Ops. Not on BSD! The entire thread is about BSD and here I am mindlessly talking about Linux.
The hash used, at least when Iooked into it last, was a plain sha256 hash, no salt or pepper. That's a unique identifier.

I think the massive amounts of behaviour analysis Microsoft does should be considered PII. They know when you turn in visual studio in the morning, and when you leave. They know when you go to lunch and don't click any buttons for a while, and they can see the colleagues with you in that boring meeting also not clicking any buttons at the same time. This type of behaviour analysis over time can associate you and the people you interact with, even if it's not directly tied to a reversible hardware ID.

This is why pseudonymisation isn't anonymisation, and why pseudonymisation isn't sufficient to comply with laws liker he GDPR.

If the behaviour analysis was done without identifiers at all, you could say they're just counting button clicks, but they intentionally associate this data with your stable personal identifier for analysis over time.

MAC addresses aren't that big of a collision space either, any consumer GPU can generate a list of all hardware MAC addresses in use in a reasonable amount of time. MAC addresses may theoretically be 2^48 in size, but most of the space hasn't been assigned to vendors yet. It takes about 12 minutes to reverse any given MAC address when you rent a single cloud GPU. The double hashing should take about twice that time.

The weird thing is that Microsoft intentionally chose to use a MAC address rather than a UUID like they use on their web version. If this was just a unique user token, they wouldn't need to use any hardware identifiers at all.
Looks promising, hopefully it’s not yet-another-web-framework
Sys admins changed name to SREs which changed named to devops engineers or cloud engineers or whatever the title is now.

Still the same competency. Someone needs to know how those protocols work, tell you latency characteristics of storage, and read those core dumps.
> This article makes me wonder how many groundbreaking discoveries are buried under academia's bureaucracy and ego battles.

I don't think this problem is exclusive of academia. Anyone in the job market has war stories about ridiculous hiring processes that reject candidates for the most pathetic reasons.
Even more baffling, there are studies showing that most US universities actually manage to lose money on federally funded research.

Yes, the overhead rates are obscene, but somehow the compliance costs are even greater.
So does .airbus, .barclays, ,mcrosoft, and .travelersinsurance too - it's nothing new

https://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt
Aliens are people with all the rights of people.
Well to be fair, there are some diseases and conditions that Theranos detected without issue. And actually it would be really helpful to have a in-home or in-store instant diagnosis for those.

The failure was in trying to be the everything box and committing fraud to get there. I actually do think it would have been revolutionary and the failure of Theranos has set the field back.
The response from Mozilla here indicates that this is a misconception or a series of misconceptions.
Versioning, feature toggle and rollback - automated and implemented at different level based on the system. It could be an env configuration, or db field or down migration scripts or deploying last working version.
Yep, I'm referring to a historical anecdote, not current practice.

It'll be tough to dig up a solid citation for the HP "calculator" story but I've heard it from more than one reasonably-credible source, e.g.: https://retrocomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/9499/when... and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewlett-Packard_9100A#cite_not... .
I suspect what needs to happen is that someone (ASTM?) comes up with a spec for unleaded 100 octane avgas, and then the FAA can give a blanket approval for that spec for any plane certified for 100LL.
I am amateur (but wannabe professional) fiction writer. When I see this type of tool I realize that I have a conceptual misalignment with some (most?) writers in regarding to focus, editing, flow.

For me, editing is part of the flow. I like to edit things as they go through my head, as part of my state of flow, not as a separate chore from which I have to “protect” my draft writing from.

I think of it as an analogy from sculpting. The first draft writing is getting the amorphous block into a rough shape of, e.g., a hand. Then, editing is the fine work to make the bones, skin wrinkles and veins of the hand to make it perfect.

In this analogy, the editing is the hardest, most focus demanding, most detail-oriented work that requires no distractions.

But just offering my perspective here. A good thing about having more software developers in the world is the diversity of tools available for diverse people. So I am happy that this exists.
Yeah, obligatory reminder that "chaining" is just function composition. As in:

SecondQuery(FirstQuery(userInput));

"Advanced" chaining can be as simple as:

do {
partial = FirstQuery(input);
choice = DeciderQuery(partial);
input = choice ? Query2A(partial) : Query2B(partial);
} while(!ValidationQuery(input));
return input; // or print it or whatever

It only looks complex when you need to chain things at runtime through some interface, but that's the usual problem of having to reinvent basic blocks of your language as objects or data structures because your language doesn't let you treat code and data interchangeably. But if you're just experimenting with chains, using the most basic programming building blocks directly - functions, conditionals, loops - is by far the easiest.
> it flags it so that it can be repaired and all other cars avoid it automatically

Doesn't help if you already have a multi-car pile up collision. OP said bumper to bumper at high speeds. Anything goes wrong and physics take over.

> Very true. People also own horses and burn candles, but these are not our primary means for transportation or lighting.

Horses very much still appear on roadways today. The idea that 100% of cars will be AI in the next 50 years I don't think is based in reality. Let's say we somehow get to a point where all cars have a switch to go from AI to not; so for example when on a highway where AI would shine, drivers could switch. What happens when a driver does not switch on the AI system? This is all to say the idea of that bumper-to-bumper driving at 100 mph with very small cars is snake-oil.

> but these are not our primary means for transportation or lighting

Not our primary means, but still a means and used. Again, this goes to the point, if you want that massive efficiency of AI cars, you need 100% adoption, not a single car in a convoy can be human operated. Alternatively, if the AI cars are smart enough to realize that another vehicle is human operated - do the AI cars slow down the entire convoy and then create adequate following distance? At that point, is that _any_ different from driving today?
In general you should avoid doing your email through giant providers like Microsoft and Google. They just don't care. Smaller providers are more interested in ensuring that everything is actually working.
For a second, I thought this is The Onion sarcastic title
Hello HN! I'm the main developer behind the Tango binary translator.

I'm happy to answer any questions you may have about the technology.
From kindergarten through to university, education in Yugoslavia was at a very high standard, accross all ethnic groups and sexes. Much higher than public education in the West. This is because the socialist government put very high investments into education. Moreover, there were always constant social campaigns promoting tolerance, brotherhood, and unity. Most of the nationalist groups (many of which were ex nazis) were actually funded from Western sources. Yugoslavia is actually a good case study of how a well educated society goes completely bannanas

> rights/history of first nations, systemic racism

Not everyone is guilty of robbing aboriginals of their land, raping them, enslaving them and trading them as though they are commodities. This is mainly an Anglo Saxon thing.
I've experienced the same issue with OpenAI and InstructorXL embeddings in certain cases so I think it's a rather common failure mode for embedding models.
I disagree. The Verge is definitely cringe.
I’d use Firefox on the work issued Mac if 1) I would have to login to everything as often as in chrome instead of daily and 2) if scrolling wasn’t so horribly useless (yes I tweaked about:config). I’m a very happy Firefox user on home windows pc.
It's more... about the user having that control, not the service provider. I would wager it would still work all the same.

Perhaps, some websites would stop being so hostile if they were considered as such and blocked by a higher percentage of users :)
There's a lot of path dependence, ossified thinking, and perverse incentives driving this irrational outcome. SUVs and pickup trucks are 80% of the US market because bigger is better in America so customers buy the biggest cars and houses they can afford. On the manufacturer side MSRP is proportional to size and curb weight. GM quit the economy sedan market. Government fuel economy mandates are more forgiving of larger vehicles and provide a "light duty truck" exemption. Gasoline is cheap and always available so all the lessons we learned in 1973 have long been forgotten.

Charging networks except for Tesla's suck. Weak charging infrastructure means customers have range anxiety and like many other things in America feel like they are going it alone and cannot rely on sharing or renting on demand, so they demand a huge battery. This huge battery is very expensive so the price of a EV is very high. People expect an expensive car to be luxurious, powerful, or huge. No one wants to pay a green premium.

Individuals are rationally responding to government subsidized road and parking infrastructure, lack of any carbon tax, and cheap fuel by consuming bigger cars without bound.

Manufacturers are rationally maximizing short term profit by following demand. They're applying the ICE business model of externalizing the cost of roads, "fuel," parking, pollution, insurance. If it wasn't for trillions of dollars spent on car infrastructure like wide roads, highways, mandated parking, gas stations, etc. adoption of ICE cars would also be low.

America has extreme car dependency. Just legalizing apartments, mixed use zoning, and building safe e-Bike lanes and mass transit could relieve some car demand and housing shortage in big cities where most people live. The IRA law literally subsidizes big EVs more than sedans! Even owning a car creates crash safety anxiety in which people feel like driving a sedan is not safe enough because everyone else is driving an oversized SUV.
True, not the best quality, but still fantastic results for a free model running locally on a laptop. Setting the steps between 10-20 seemed to produce the best results for me for realistic looking images. About one out of 10 images were useful for my test case of "a realistic photo of a german shepard riding a motorcycle through Tokyo at night"

https://github.com/simple10/ai-image-generator/blob/main/exa...
I experimenting with sth similar actually.

One small additional requirement: although I studied linguistics and took a year-long course in English phonology, speech-to-text still struggles with my accent.

The approach I'm playing with atm is inspired by some advice from Simon Willis, here on HN:

record audio → transcribe using whisper → clean up and format using a GPT prompt

So far the results have been pretty good: the original meaning is preserved but the text is much easier to read (and the missing/"misheard" words are often corrected).

What I'm experimenting at the moment:

- picking the right model size, tweaking the prompts

- better UX (e.g. immediate visual feedback)
Related ongoing thread:

Google paid $26.3B in 2021 to be the default search engine - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38041335 - Oct 2023 (104 comments)
Yeah, it's true that having all email in a few very large baskets is risky. However, running an email server is also not without risk and requires significant IT investment at any kind of reasonable scale. Keeping up with all of the auth mechanisms, spam, block lists, security vulnerabilities etc takes real focus. It's not something an IT shop with a just single guy should take up...

I think the real risk is relying on email at all anymore. The underlaying protocol dates back to the era of "let's see if we can get bits to move at all" which predates any kind of "how do we know what we are getting is authentic" style of design. There are plenty of other avenues for communication that don't succumb to the many inherent pitfalls of email.
Lead deposits happen for aviation engines too. Wouldn't surprise me if at some point after leaded fuel is gone, engine manufacturers start to increase TBO intervals.
Linux System Calls
> People spent 5 minutes downloading and installing another browser. Switching search engines takes 20 seconds. Are Google search inferior to other search engines?

If that is true then why is Google spending $25 billion with a B per year? Do they like wasting money? Why isn't there a shareholder lawsuit?

The real answer is that they want to kill a chance to build competitors or for them to grow. No?
It’s unfortunate that MS took Edge down this path. Early on it was among the best of Chrome-cousins and I’d just leave it as the default browser on new Windows installs, but with all they’ve done to it’s become a solid downgrade and I’m back to installing alternatives.
Japan has a very natural reason to build and rebuild - earthquakes and fires. This is part of their culture.

Their buildings are meant for 30 years of use after which they hold no value and need to be rebuilt based on government recommendation. [1] The government may revise this number but it stands as of recently.

They have temples that have been built and rebuilt many times due to weather and nature. [2]

[1] https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2014/03/31/how-tos/ja...

[2] https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/this-japanese-shri...
Everytime i execute: python main.py \
"a beautiful apple floating in outer space, like a planet" \
--steps 4 --width 512 --height 512

It redownloads 4 gigs worth of stuff every execution. Can't you have the script save, and check if its there, then download it or am I doing something wrong?
Individuals and organizations involved in climate change communication, investigation, or any other aspect of interacting with information regarding climate change.
I don't think zero-trust prohibits network segmentation for redundancy or due to geographical constraints etc. It's mainly about how you gain access.
I wonder if its some sort of spam detection tool being aggressive?
I almost quoted this episode in the post! But I couldn't be bothered to go back and find the clip I wanted to use...
I actually think we've basically reached agreement. All your dashed items are higher on my priority list as well, and much more. I want to see Mars terraformed in the next few hundred years, which starts with learning how to terraform Earth (a rather immediate need, in fact!). Sending humans to live on Mars makes terraforming it harder, not easier, since now we can't just chuck ice comets at it without endangering lives. I still firmly believe that we could set up human habitats in 10 years, but I totally agree that we should not.

>> We send pre-emptive missions to set things up (dig holes, set up solar panels, gather basic resources)

> Good, then show me that the robots can do that, under the conditions pointed out above.

For your consideration (I have no idea on the merits of this company, but I see it on this site every once in a while):

https://www.ycombinator.com/companies/charge-robotics
Thanks! Macroexpanded:

Useless Ruby sugar: Pattern matching - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37957189 - Oct 2023 (48 comments)
Reading the comments here, it seems that even very prestigious universities are full of academic pettiness and dysfunction which deny all of us the output of brilliant people like Katalin Karikó.

It leaves me wondering: why do we not create any new universities? Why doesn't a Carnegie of our age create a new university? Brin University? Zuck University? This seems like a no brainer.

I think it might seem difficult to attract new talent to an "unestablished" university. But what if you make a simple promise: we will never, ever get in your way, the way that universities do today. We will never pressure you to publish subpar results. We will never nit-pick your purchase of a laptop. Have vision! Pursue things that are promising to you! We trust you, smart person, and we will give you autonomy to do what you think is promising. Based on what is discussed here, it seems like that would be extraordinarily compelling to the most optimistic, least cynical, and probably at least a handful of the most brilliant researchers out there. If the winning move is not to play the game, don't play.

I don't know. It just seems like there is a narrow-mindedness at play. A sense that "why try to fix this -- we'll never beat UPenn. Maybe not, but isn't it worth a try, based on how dysfunctional academia is? All it takes is the will.
Additional response to:

> Or imagine the first time a self-driving car encounters a road-obstacle it flags

Perhaps the most common road obstacle is falling rocks. They shift around, there are many of them. They are 'repaired' by the bulldozer coming out and moving them all to the side, there is no guarantee that a human won't come out when it is quiet and move the obstacle. So, what is the use to even flag them?

How does an AI car know the difference between a small pothole and a larger one, and one that is even larger that needs to be avoided right now?

Back to the convoy example, let's say a tire blows; the whole convoy then crashes. It's just too easy to picture so many scenarios where a convoy of bumper-to-bumper cars turns into one part junkyard, one part graveyard.
When Edge was basically Google free Chromium, it was really good. Now Microsoft's product people have turned it into bloatware. I think they had an opportunity to gain significant market share and the only thing they had to do was... nothing.

Instead, they've juiced the short term metrics by using every sleazy trick in the book and I'm back to installing Chrome or Firefox as the first step after every Windows install.
Nothing is healthy, everything is just varying levels of bad for you. Its all about minimizing.
This is generally not practical for medium to large companies.