skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In today's digital era, chatbots have become the unsung heroes of conversational AI, seamlessly engaging with users, providing assistance, and delivering interactive experiences. Behind the scenes of these intelligent chatbots lies a tool that is fast gaining recognition for its pivotal role in simplifying chatbot development – LangChain. Here, I’ll delve into how LangChain's features empower chatbot development, with a keen focus on chat models and dynamic prompts.

## The Chatbot Revolution

Chatbots have rapidly evolved from simple rule-based systems to sophisticated conversational agents capable of understanding and generating human-like text. They find applications in various industries, from customer support to e-commerce and beyond. Creating these chatbots, however, can be a complex process, involving natural language processing, machine learning, and interaction design.

## Simplifying Chatbot Development with LangChain

LangChain, the comprehensive framework for language model applications, introduces a set of features that significantly streamline chatbot development. Here's how LangChain empowers the chatbot revolution:

### 1. Chat Models

At the heart of LangChain's chatbot development lies Chat Models. These models are usually backed by a language model but come with structured APIs. What sets them apart is their ability to handle dynamic conversations. Instead of simple text inputs and outputs, chat models process a list of Chat Messages as input and return a Chat Message as output. This structure allows developers to create chatbots that engage in dynamic and responsive conversations, making interactions feel more natural and user-friendly.

### 2. Dynamic Prompts

Dynamic prompts play a key role in crafting engaging conversations. LangChain's Prompt Templates allow developers to construct dynamic prompts that guide the behavior of language models. The ability to create prompts based on the context of the conversation ensures that chatbots provide relevant and context-aware responses, enhancing the user experience.

### 3. Adaptive Chatbots

LangChain's chatbot development features enable the creation of adaptive chatbots that can respond to a wide range of user queries. Whether it's answering questions, providing recommendations, or assisting with complex tasks, chatbots built with LangChain can adapt to different conversation flows and user needs.

## Conclusion

The chatbot development landscape is rapidly evolving, and LangChain is at the forefront of empowering this transformation. With features like chat models and dynamic prompts, developers can create chatbots that engage users in meaningful and dynamic conversations. LangChain's framework simplifies the development process, making it accessible to a broader audience of developers and organizations.
> I want to pay for what i use

Lol. You want to pay what you want to pay.

> show me how much i owe

It’s not complicated. $13.99 for a subscription to YouTube Premium in the US.

https://www.investopedia.com/youtube-premium-now-costs-usd2-...

Do you go to the grocery store and say, “Show me the baker’s salary as well as what the wheat, yeast, salt, and water cost and I’ll pay that happily?” No, you pay what they charge for bread or you don’t buy bread or you steal the bread.

And remember that YouTube Premium includes other benefits like downloading videos: https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/6308116?hl=en so it’s not a 1:1 exchange of the money they’d make from ads.
On-page SEO is one of the most effective indirect marketing strategies for promoting your business's eCommerce website and attracting new customers
The usual strategy is to nationally advertise "as low as" some base $$ amount. And then you go into the online portal and come up with an actual price for an actual date that (hopefully) includes all taxes and fees--and is probably a fair bit more.
PIs, Arduinos, and esp32 dev boards are great for prototyping, but rarely used in a product sold outright, for a number of reasons. You might use one of them for proof of concept, but, if you intend on making a hardware product, youll want to design your own pcb, etc. For example, you might use an arduino board for development, but you dont need or use 90% of the components and features the protoboards contain.

Outside of the design itself, you need to think about a lot of other stuff. Enclosure, certifications, etc. You cannot generally push a piece of hardware out without FCC, UL, and other certifications. These are expensive, and consume your product (UL will for example in some tests, set your product on fire). Youll need some sort of enclosure for your device, and youll need to research some standards for your devices placement, like if its going in a computer rack, has to have specific dimensions. If its going on a desk, be mindful of consumed space.

Electronic components are best bought in bulk, and your early prototypes will be way more expensive than your final product, depending on the quantity you sell.

Also, though at the end of all of this, market research, how many people will even find your product useful, and how many of those will even buy one, let alone more than one. Youll want to know if its big corporations, or small homes that will use it, as youll need to change design factors based on that (ex enterprise customers may expect more robustness than a residential user)
A lot of these systems are locally hosted on hospital infrastructure to guarantee that when internet service goes out, medical records can still be accessed. And I cannot name many hospital medical devices that are Internet connected, rather than just connected to a local Intranet.
From the mid-1800s?
If your point is that biking locally is safe anywhere (excepting absurd scenarios) for children as long as they can be trusted to accurately internalize and unerringly obey a complex set of directives concerning which roads they are allowed to ride on, where and how to cross those they are not, and warnings of hazards they aren't experientially equipped to intuitively understand, then sure, I agree with you.

However, in practice, I think you will find that there are very good reasons you see a lot of younger kids out walking by themselves in neighborhoods like mine, but very few on bikes (unattended). If it just came down to "helicopter parenting", you would not see the former either.
SEC Adopts Rule to Increase Transparency into Short Selling
A/b experiments are definitely a gold standard as they provide true causality measurement (if implemented correctly). However, they are often expensive to run: need to implement the feature in question (which is less than 50% going to work) and then collect data for 1-4 weeks before being able to make the decision. As a result only a small number of business decisions today rely on a/b tests. Observational causal inference can help bring causality into many of the remaining decisions, which need to be made quicker or cheaper.
I don't watch many movies but in the ending of the Spiderman video game (Spoilers:) there is a deadly virus going around and aunt May is on her deathbed from it. Spiderman gets just enough antiserum to save her or to study it and make more but she will not live long enough for that. It's an emotional scene and they don't weasel out of it by having her decide for him, or giving some signs that she wouldn't make it. He ultimately gives the vial to a doctor and the scene fades as he is crying on his knees over aunt May in her hospital bed.

https://youtu.be/Q3hAt1uWo8M?si=7JdVISScles5PPKD
Counter-point: it can also be extremely cheap.

I’m in a seemingly small subset of people that is very happy with AWS for side projects. Granted I’m not doing anything that requires many resources.
Isn’t “winning” an argument the same as making your point in a way that most dispassionate third-party observers would agree with you? I usually hear the dichotomy between winning and persuasion used to mean persuading the person you’re talking to, which might involve weakening your point to appeal to them.
Prettier Plugin for SQL Files
Bruce Momjian: The Relational Future Is Bright
Unitit builds where you do include everything exists. They have pros and cons.
Yeah but at the same time, 1% of the internet today is bigger than what I thought it was a huge market 20 years ago, when I started. And now with the new tech available I can reach even a bigger global audience.

Big tech became too big even for themselves. Infinite growth is impossible and the capital market will punish them heavily when they stop growing. And they will. This big tech recess might never end. The likes of Google and Meta will go into maintenance mode and operate with much smaller engineering teams. I'm betting on the end of an era.
Games are $60 for entertainment.

Office, work productivity software is $600 - $2500 with the promise of more work that we have to do.

Same reason we'll pay a few K on a vacation but demand our employer pay for flight and hotel for an office visit.
I do like how this comes up here almost perfectly once a year :)

I did improve upon this more recently: http://dmitry.gr/?r=05.Projects&proj=33.%20LinuxCard
Cursor would be more promising if it wasn't just a VS Code fork that lags behind upstream VSCode and has broken extensions as a result. It has other minor bugs and glitchiness as well, and its main selling point atm, that the LLM gets your entire codebase as context, also isn't reliable with an even moderately-sized codebase.
Is fine with remote work does not really matter as long as they consider productivity as a criteria to evaluate the performance, which in general remote work will suffer. Also I have long wfh even before pandemic, the only employees that work remotely productively are those who work even harder at home than in the office. So essentially if you expect WfH making your life easier while being evaluated at the same level with others, you are probably wrong.
A lot of discussion about async Rust assumes that the reason one would want to use async/Futures is for performance and scalability reasons.

Personally, though, I would strongly prefer to use async rather than explicit threading even for cases where performance wasn’t the highest priority. The conceptual model is just better. Futures allow you to cleanly express composition of sub-tasks in a way that explicit threading doesn’t:

https://monkey.org/~marius/futures-arent-ersatz-threads.html
Paper (open access):

„Identification of motor progression in Parkinson’s disease using wearable sensors and machine learning“,
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41531-023-00581-2
That's not really true as a general rule. Grocery stores, for example, have an average profit margin of just 1–3%.

Attempting to maintain the same final prices in one town with 3% sales tax and a neighboring one with 8% sales tax simply isn't workable.

I mean, sometimes it's fine for extremely high-margin electronics, or things like cell phone service where marginal costs are low, but it's definitely not the case in general.
For anyone unclear of the purpose, this seems to be an Apple-run Video Relay Service.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_relay_service
What would the ultimate goal of this be?

I don't really see people reassessing their beliefs based on the number of down votes they get - even if some down voters are respected.

Maybe Im missing something, because your idea, sans id's, sounds like what sites like HN or reddit already have.
You mean, it's impossible unless you go to Preferences and choose to do exactly that? Settings/General, uncheck "Open previous windows and tabs".
You may have missed the last sentence of my comment. I just think it could be a nice thing to create for educational reasons, I'm aware of lemmys existence.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Cove

> Cove accused a former investor, Frederick W. Huestis of organizing the kidnapping. After the kidnapping, the business shuttered

I do like the WhatIf? angle of the article, though it would have been nice to see a graph with actual solar trends vs the author's whatif trend. Still, placing the nexus point of Solar/Oil 20 years earlier doesn't seem that impressive, given the 40 year headstart.

Link to the thought experiment:

https://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2023-10...
There is some work in that direction but no specific ISO proposals yet.
Yinz misreadin' this comment. It's saying it was still like this in 2010.
You're showing tax variations across countries. I see tax variations within a couple of miles!
Nothing special about "resorts." It is/was a fee that (mostly) certain types of hotels felt they could tack onto the basic rate to cover things like pool access, WiFi, maybe a drink coupon, and various other things that one would have assumed were included or will likely not use (10% discount at spa).

Less common elsewhere although, as sibling comment noted, it can happen even at a perfectly average business hotel if they think they can get away with it.

While certainly annoying, I don't really mind unless it's not transparent when booking even if it does mean they're trying to be sneaky.
In a real socialist society, neglect would need to be explicitly determined by parents.
Interesting, apparently these are the questions http://allowe.com/games/larry/tips-manuals/lsl1-age-quiz.htm...
If you want to read more about their financials of Q2, I found this very interesting:

https://softwarestackinvesting.com/cloudflare-net-q2-2023-ea...
It’s so confusing (and could lead to security issues) for Apple to use .apple TLD

It’s super easy for someone to get confused between example.apple and example.app/le (since both .apple and .app are TLDs)

They did this with music first, now this.

https://learn.applemusic.apple/apple-music-classical

(And it’s further confusing because sometime .apple redirects to .com)

What’s the logic Apple uses to decide between .com or .apple TLD usage?
I lean more toward open source, especially if it has a big community. If I have to do something for work and there are no popular open source tools, I'll go for something that managed by a reliable company.
Statistically speaking, roads are quickly becoming more and more unsafe for drivers, let alone pedestrians and bikers. Cars are much larger than they were in 90s, people are driving more recklessly than ever and enforcement of traffic laws is at an all time minimum.

A lot of the people espousing the whole free range parenting stuff never actually walk around and understand what the pedestrian experience is like. If they did, they'd be strongly advocating for better road design and pedestrian paths. But you rarely see the two groups intersect.
Nvidia Blackwell B100 GPUs to Feature SK Hynix HBM3e Memory, Launches in Q2 2024
They were. Gaby has been making presentations at Cppcon about it since 2015. By 2019 it was mostly about teaching people how to use it.
The ev problem for me is that I don't own my own place. Without ownership I have no way of consistently charging the car.

Had I had that, even for longer drives, slight re routes to ensure I can recharge won't be an issue for me. But the reality is that I need to charge this thing and you gotta know the hidden spots where you can in cities. The irony is that electric cars in cities make the most sense but yet make the least sense.
And what fraction manage to post essentially the same comment twice ?

Critics of "Balanced literacy" sound like they have similar complaints to those for "Intelligent design". They believe Balanced Literacy isn't really a new thing, but an old discredited idea ("Whole language" literacy education) given a re-branding to escape criticism, just as "Intelligent design" is Creationism again.

And "Whole Language" is exactly what I discussed above, a belief that "learning to read English comes naturally to humans, especially young children, in the same way that learning to speak develops naturally". A laughably false idea.
I see what you mean. A writer is taking care of creating an overarching story that will explain why they do what they do. Visitors will have access have a small piece of story solving the daily mystery. While the story will not give very precise answers to your questions, it will provide introduction as well as an ending, for the first "season".
Agreed. IoT is a shitshow of ways to grab your data and PaaS monthly fees. Maker-friendly IoT like this is welcome. Remember Blynk? It started well enough, but became just another platform to coral its customers to the paywall.
I just use the FreeTube desktop client, because even if you get around the anti ad-blocking stuff on YT, you're still left with the increasingly terrible UX. No doubt they'll block FreeTube and Invidious sooner or later, but until then I don't even need to worry about the Youtube website at all.
> This is a strange argument. Luck is the opposite of merit

I think it is pretty clear. Merit is just ability to create economic value, regardless of where this ability come from (which is clearly based on many factors, some a luck, some are your good decisions, some are good decisions of other people). There are obvious examples of luck factors, like genetics and accidents. If your merit is based on ability to think deeply, and after a hit to a head by a robber you end with concentration problems, then your merit is lowered, by bad luck.

> to the extent of claiming, "you make your own luck". Persistence, making the most of your opportunities, hard work, yadda yadda.

These are not really descriptive statements about merit, these are advice how to behave to maximize your merit. If you want to maximize your merit, then it make sense to focus on aspects you can change and not on that you cannot.

By analogy, getting hit by a car has significant luck component, but if you want to give someone advice how to avoid getting hit by a car, you would focus on things like 'look around before crossing' and not 'have good luck'.
Hard not to when antisocial policies are intentionally used to disadvantage minorities after the 60s.

We might agree they're focused on a symptom, not a disease, but conservative policy objectives are definitely causing disparities that now even poor white people are finally feeling.

Conservatives shut down public pools in reaction to integration and then proceeded to shut down socialism.
The homepage looks more active https://mfsbsd.vx.sk/

Very awesome!
Nice. The 6.2.1 version was open and installable. This is live CD only.

QNX was closed source, then free personal version (QNX era), then closed source, then open source (Harmon era), then closed source (RIM). During the more open eras there were third-party ports of most of the Gnu tools, along with Firefox and Thunderbird. All these license changes in the 2000s killed off third party development and the point of sale industry.
My crude reaction to this piece is that it feels like they are describing a technique for finding a local maximum for any coding problem. It is an unsurprising result but it seems like it would be hard to avoid getting stuck in a low valley without human intervention. I also believe that for any deterministic program, the best human written program will converge on the optimal solution given the real world matetial and temporal constraints with or without LLMs. I am not sure if LLMs will be in wide use in 10 years, but they will certainly help us humans write better code if only to avoid getting stuck in the traps they introduce.
Oh god please let this gain steam it's exactly what I wanted for years.
> Earlier this week, the company also announced a new finance package [PDF]. RP Ventures has agreed to a $26.5 million "senior secured promissory note" – a form of credit agreement – at an interest rate of 10 percent per annum.

> The facility will be used to pay off a European Investment Bank loan, with a maturity date of October 11, 2023.

> The new VC loan has a maturity date to a maximum of January 10, 2024.

I'm no business expert but this strikes me as the corporate equivalent of taking payday loans to make your car payment.
In Corporate and Medical data science fields, people begin to accept causal inference. It is difficult, as the subject is still in flux and under development.

I am aware of three reputable causal inference frameworks:

1. Judea Pearl's framework, which dominates in CS and AI circles

2. Neyman-Rubin causal model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubin_causal_model

3. Structural equation modelling: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_equation_modeling

None of them would acknowledge each other, but I believe the underlying methodology is the same/similar. :-)

It's good to see that it is becoming more accepted, especially in Medicine, as it will give more, potentially life-saving, information to make decisions.

In Social Sciences, on the other hand, causal inference is being completely willfully ignored. Why? Causal inference is an obstacle to making a preconceived conclusions based on pure correlations: something correlates with something, therefore ... invest large sums of money, change laws in our favor, etc... This works for both sides. Sadly, I don't think this could be fixed.
I have no dispute with your views, but it's tangential to TFA. "The" outrage is not mine - it's the very point of TFA.
I think they made their permission system much more fine grained during developer week.

Is your info still up to date? ( I'm not following this topic too much, but I do remember some things passing by).

---

Additionally, most of their investors are companies and not private.

There's a lot going on. One of the improvements that they did was in the sales department.

If those previous sales that were severely underperforming are now replaced by even average sales. Then expect a big rise in sales for Q3.

Reference: https://softwarestackinvesting.com/cloudflare-net-q2-2023-ea...
Well, I can see how you don't see that we are doing a lot. Thankfully that is not distracting people from doing.
That's my point. Moral ambiguity is evidence for the fact that morality is an arbitrary biological concept. It stems from evolution. It's a set of competing instincts.

If morality was a universal concept there would be nothing ambiguous about it. It would be logically consistent. But what we observe is that we can trigger inconsistent moral situations.
Syntax with formal semantics makes a lot more sense than ambiguous English prose, especially for something like function signatures. Moreover, logical syntax would allow expressing constraints that are very hard to do with informal prose because logical syntax is much more compact than prose and a lot less ambiguous. Something basic like simply typed predicate logic should be doable for the folks at OpenAI.

Basically, whatever is possible to express with English prose for a computer to execute is always better expressed with formal syntax like lambda calculus. It can still include regular prose but the formal syntax makes it much more clear what is actually intended by the user.
I've spent years without eating any meat, and this week I ate 500g of chicken in one shot, that feels good. But I really don't need it every day, it's also not very scalable in terms of environment

I'm 60kg, 1m83, with I guess strong and endurant muscle with all the bike and manual tasks I'm doing
The next generation won't even know what a fake crowd scene looks like.
Novamin is Bioglass 45S5 or calcium sodium phosphosilicate[1] which is not the same thing.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioglass_45S5
That's because VAT is nationwide.

You already have to produce different ads in Spanish, Italian, German, etc. So it's not really any extra work to have different prices in each.

Plus you're only dealing with tens of countries. There are literally thousands of distinct sales tax geographical areas in the US.
I have 5 million users running on PostgreSQL, 3 dedicated servers (primary + 2 replicas), we use less than 190 connections, vanilla PostgreSQL and no things like pgbouncer.
This is false. I've used a BT mouse with my iPad and didn't need to enable this feature.
If it takes a few more decades, we could presumably find/implement better solutions.