skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Going through the cited sources, I'm more convinced the defender's advantage theory is right than before I started.

First the claim that stairs would not be optimized for combat because fighting on stairs was undesirable holds no weight. Castles were designed with many layers of defense - it was entirely expected that large sections of a castle would be lost and the defenders would continue to hold out in other sections, bitterly holding chokepoints. From murder holes to machicolations, every inch of castles were optimized defense. Even if in practice defenders would prefer not to fight on a stairway, if all else were equal (and it's hard to think of something more arbitrary than which way the stones are flipped), why wouldn't they go with the option that potentially could be helpful instead of potentially aiding an attacker?

Next, the argument that "not all castles had clockwise staircases" seems to be an own-goal. During the time periods when having to defend a castle was likely, staircases were overwhelmingly clockwise. It is only in the late middle ages when defense became much less of a priority that anticlockwise stair cases start gaining popularity, and the later it gets the more common anticlockwise stairs become. If there were some non-military utilitarian reason for the choice, such as making it easier for someone to steady themselves or carry lanterns, presumably that need would remain. If the choice were non-utilitarian from the beginning, why the initial disparity? No doubt the designers of these buildings had multiple competing concerns, including aesthetics and convenience, but clearly the balance shifted. Examples of anticlockwise stairways were common in structures not intended for defense in earlier structures, which means the shift was not technological and further makes non-military utilitarian requirements unlikely.

Obviously it would be nice if we had more surviving sources from the time period, but it's hard to imagine any other theory fitting the data so well.
Amazing to see a CEO paying the price. I wonder if he got some kind of golden parachute.
> stuff gets evicted from the cache long before you hit the swap

No...?

I'm looking at a machine right now that has 3.7GB not swapped out and 1.2GB swapped out. Meanwhile the page cache has 26GB in it.

Swapping can happen regardless of how big your page cache is. And how much you want swap to be used depends on use case. Sometimes you want to tune it up or down. In general the system will be good about dropping cache first, but it's not a guarantee.

> measured by page swap-out/in rate and not by how much swap space is used

Eh? I mean, the data got there somewhere. The rate was nonzero at some point despite a huge page cache.

And usually when you want to specifically talk about the swap-out/in rate being too high, the term is "thrashing".
For general video streaming, Mux.com has greatly decreased my development time. Getting playback working is straightforward. And for advanced use cases, like real time editing and preview in a web browser, it works as expected and doesn’t get in the way.
okay. yes, you win the internet of pedants. i guess its my fault for not saying US nuclear navy

I'm not really concerned with the events of the Soviet/Russian navy, as they are not the ones regulating anything that concerns me.
Unironically the best thing that could have happened to Unity.

The dude is the definition of short-sighted management that caters to short-term shareholder gains at the expense of long-term value.

Now if only they could undo their acquisition of IronSource...
Yes, I had the same issue previously. It was constant mixing between flat 1 building 2, vs flat 2 building 1 (2/1 vs 1/2).
I think trying to be explicit 'Flat N, M X street' helps instead of using the A/B notation. (although now I leave in 7/7 so I don't care).
Agreed. But Othello syntax happens to map perfectly to possible Othello moves, so the most efficient representation of the information contained within Othello happens to be a data structure which maps to an Othello board. Other information like visuals on the players would, from the point of view of evaluating the next Othello move, just be noise.

Human language doesn't map perfectly or even particularly closely to the physical world we inhabit or emotions we experience though, so a maximally efficient model of human language will overfit to useless semantic features whilst lacking context on what foo that follows baz is. Understanding the physical or emotional world solely from human language is more like trying to use the Othello LLM's state representation to establish the colour of the board
Yeah, especially if you're experimenting with training and applying a matrix to the embeddings generated by an off the shelf model to help it surface subtleties unique to your domain.
Is it? I think it's important to understand that this type of robotics research requires serious ethical considerations no matter where it happens or who works on it—this work specifically was funded by the US military, but it applies just as equally to weaponization projects happening within China.
I can swear I've felt that when I incorrectly plugged my USB-C to dock station, then I had some crazy issues e.g related to bluetooth. I tried restarts, adapter unplugs, etc, etc.

But when I unplugged the cable and reversed it then the issue disappeared
I'm correcting them by stating the legal definition rather than the definition they made up.

Copyright is ownership of the right to make copies of a work.

Asking your friend to reproduce a copywritten work is also copyright infringement.
This. I have read the guide a few times through the years, it's such an interesting dive, specially if one follows the programming exercises... I must admit that any time I work with Tokio or other message passing libraries I end up doing some sort of majordomo, I do not know if this is food, but MDP got stuck in my mind for better or for worse... For example with Tokio mpsc I end up creating majordomo coordinator, clients and services in separate threads, I don't know if this good tbh but it's just so easy to split (and so easy to shoot myself in the foot with synchronize shutdown across threads).
Do you know of other guides like this?
The USB symbol goes on top, IIRC.

Edit: ninja'd by an enormous amount of people elsewhere in the thread, gah.
Not OP, but as an American consumer, what i would like are:

- better labeling on products i buy to know they didn't contribute to the deforestation. Ideally these products are cheaper (or at least not more expensive) than unsustainably produced ones

- more accessible/cheaper tourism opportunities so I can visit the Amazon as easily as possible. I would like to know my tourism dollars go to conservation efforts

- wrt narcotrafficking, investing in campaigns to legalize drugs in America (along with the rehab/support facilities). I suspect much of the illegal drug supply chain will disappear if the drugs were simply legal.
I have yet to see people die (and/or kill bystanders) by not being able to plug in an HDMI cable to their home entertainment system correctly.
The D-sub connectors were pretty intuitive, as far as I can remember. The 9-pin joystick ports never caused much trouble.

Making the USB connectors symmetric in their outer shape but not symmetrically pluggable was really inexcusable. When it came out I remember thinking that it was worse than any of the existing connectors. And this is supposed to be the new “universal” connector?
I don't own any Apple devices myself and don't even have a MBP through work anymore, but I do have a couple of Apple USB-C cables and a spare laptop charger, still. They conveniently seem to work with every kind of device for any use. Data, video, fast charging.

However, I do have one other cable that won't do data. I think it came with a cheap charger I bought while travelling. I would certainly like it if there was a label saying charge only or something to that effect, on the incomplete cable.
> All they had to do was make the connector have a non-symmetrical shape so that it's immediately obvious which way round it goes when you pick it up - you could do it without even looking. Think of how much time we'd have collectively saved with this minor design change.

I disagree. When connecting an HDMI cable I sometimes have issues, especially if in a weird angle.

However I do concede is faster to connect an HDMI than a USB
> Is it measurably helping eliminate this class of issue?

No.

A JIT is a compiler.

The compiler itself would be memory-safe, but not the compiled output.
I love this example! I've been using a different one and GPT has been getting better at it (unconvinced they aren't training on my reporting that it gets the wrong answer. Or that I've posted this question dozens of times here and some have gotten pretty high up. But it's been a year now and we're still in stochastic phase). The question I ask is variants of "Which weighs more, a pound of feathers or a kilogram of bricks?" Similar to yours it is just a slight variant on a standard logic puzzle.

For those wondering why ask these questions, we're testing for overfitting. Yes, you can overfit even if your training and validation curves don't diverge. If the model fails these questions, they've clearly overfit. But the solution space is very large and complex, so overfitting in one regime doesn't mean it didn't underfit another.

GPT 3.5: https://chat.openai.com/share/328cc39d-7fb3-4726-92a2-29437c...

LLaMA 2 70B chat: https://hf.co/chat/r/KX5H3P2

Falcon 180B Chat: https://hf.co/chat/r/V8XxdYh

None of these models can consistently get the answer right. GPT used to actually explain to me the difference between a pound and kilogram (correctly) and then use that answer to justify why they are the same. Such an answer is very clearly a demonstration of a lack of understanding as it isn't even remotely self consistent.

LLMs are powerful and amazing technologies. But we can also critique them. Hyping up models hinders the ability to improve them because every thing (LLMs, humans, governments, whatever) has limitations and is worthy of critique. But criticism isn't saying something is garbage and too many people confuse this.
Just tried plugging my phone into one of those power banks like that: The phone recognized it was plugged into USB, but didn't start charging. The light on the power bank did turn on though, so I redid it with a USB power meter: The power bank was sucking power from my phone at about 3.4 watts.
Most Widely Deployed and Used Database Engine
The house numbered "9156" is most likely a data entry typo where two digits were swapped, and the correct number is "1956". That would make sense especially because the other house number are "below 2000" as the author claims.

Edit: the alleged address is: 9156 Mill Ln, Ilketshall St Andrew, Beccles NR34 8JL, UK

In the dataset of all UK property sales since 1995 (http://prod.publicdata.landregistry.gov.uk.s3-website-eu-wes...) there are other houses on that street but their "street numbers" are names like "CHERRY TREES" or "BLACKSMITHS" and that one house is "9156". So I don't immediately see where the other houses numbered "below 2000" are. Maybe not on Mill Ln, but other streets? In any case, Google maps has two street numbers for the house: 9156 but also 56: https://www.google.com/maps/place/56+Mill+Ln,+Beccles+NR34+8...
May be he doesn't know how to increase revenue without changing the terms and conditions and leave the position to someone else?
This is not bad news for once. A new CEO could really bring back some goodwill. He was going about it the wrong way and with a poor attitude (referring to the idiots incident), the malware company acquisition etc.
> I'm reluctant to consider shoddy or noncompliant implementations as counting against a technology.

I find it interesting that it is typically done with programming languages. "This programming languages allows people to write complicated, unreadable code, hence the language is bad".
What ...encouraged the initial decision to increase the price? Because I can think of a few examples of discouragement, such as the backlash against Reddit, that should have given the executives an idea of what could happen as a result. Yet they went through with it which makes me think:

a) the company truly believed people would pay;

b) They believed that the fallout would not be that bad; or

c) Worst case, they did not consider fallout at all and just said raise it.
>edit: Gah! you don't even have to do that just flip the flipping wires)

Isn't that essentially what all ethernet cables do? it's not like this something never done before.
I have to give it to them - who knows what they’re thinking - but the fact that they adjusted the pricing scheme and that the leader is leaving at least suggests they’re taking (and have took) the feedback seriously.

That being said, even before the drama, unity was a sinking ship that was not profitable. Something will have to give eventually.
OP mentions that "I would love to be a little mouse and peek at YouTube’s complete architecture to see how far we are from them." You can occasionally find posts -often linked here- from another player in streaming video which you might have heard of, discussing technical architecture. For example, this might be a little lower level that you may be interested in as it relates to kernel optimizations to jack bit throughput rates, but I dig this sort of thing -

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36qZYL5RlgY
Also, most of the times entrepreneurs think they are solving a problem that other people have. However this is rarely the case, thats why on Preneur you start with the problem that others are having. You can get in touch with them and showcase your proposed solution.
the cache being talked about is for recently/frequently accesses things, not stuff pending write
Personally my last two phones have had this. It starts slowly - the cables occasionally don't work, then some cables won't work at all, then no cables work without 2 minutes of gentle manipulation, eventually it becomes almost impossible to charge. You waste so much time on this before it gets so bad that you can't live another day with the phone.

I haven't seen a USB-C cable that has wore out.
Legion has been used to develop distributed, drop-in replacements for libraries like NumPy and SciPy Sparse -- https://github.com/nv-legate/cunumeric/, https://github.com/nv-legate/legate.sparse
I read the article, but still don't know what LSD stands for. Driving a Miata is definitely a trip (I only did so once), but surely they're not including psychedelic drugs with that model?
OOMKiller jumps into action pretty late. I'm on Fedora, thus running the systemd-oomd service, but even with this new service the system will lock up for a minute or two before the greedy process is killed.

I think with modern browsers, on memory constrained systems (think 4GB of RAM) this is easier to encounter than in the past. As someone who programs in Haskell from time to time I think I'm more familiar with Linux OOM behavior than most.

If someone wants to experience this easily with Haskell just run the following in ghci

foldl (+) 1 [1..]
Co-author of the article here.

You are right. Retrieval accuracy is important as well. From an accuracy perspective, any tools you have found useful in helping validate retrieval accuracy?

In our current architecture, all the different pieces within the RAG ingestion pipeline are modifiable to be able to improve loading, chunking and embedding.

As part of our development process, we have started to enable other tools that we don't talk as much in the article about including a pre processing and embeddings playground (https://www.neum.ai/post/pre-processing-playground) to be able to test different combinations of modules against a piece of text. The idea being that you can establish you ideal pipeline / transformations that can then be scaled.
How do you open a .eml file? I downloaded a bunch of emails as . eml files recently when I was organizing my expenses, and couldn't find a good way to open them on my computer to look at them.
VAT works also in Europe. Currently, the currency is more a format that you can change in the settings. The app is not multi-currency. Thanks to let me know, I need to change the term.
Unity CEO John Riccitiello to Step Down in Wake of Installment Fee Controversy
> how much performance could be gained

One place to look at would be TLS perf.

Network latency, encryption compute.
If I were on the board I’d vote he gets a golden cannonball to the nuts.
Museum Slippers
Are "rural unpaved roads" in this context synonymous with logging roads? Or are these more used for passenger transit
Or, the alternative was somehow worse? Run out of cash and fail to get more investment?
Burevestnik Missile Tested
I'm the writer of the article; thanks for your lovely comment. I skipped many essential parts of the architecture in the article to keep it concise. The following articles will be about the technical implementation of what I discussed in this one.
I think the information there is valuable because questions about memory usage in Linux keep coming up. The answer: "don't worry about it," is probably a good starting point. The page claims things that are just really misleading, though.

> There are no downsides, except for confusing newbies.

False. Populating the page cache involves lots of memory copies. It pays off if what's written is read back many times; otherwise, it's a net loss. It also costs cycles and memory to keep track of all these pages and maintain usage statistics so we know what page should be kept and which can be discarded. Unfortunately, Linux makes quantifying that cost hard, so it is not well understood.

> You can't disable disk caching. The only reason anyone ever wants to disable disk caching is because they think it takes memory away from their applications, which it doesn't!

People do want that, and they do turn it off. It's probably the number one thing database people do because they want domain-specific caching in userland and use O_DIRECT to bypass the kernel caches altogether. If you don't, you end up caching things twice, which is efficient/redundant.
https://www.smbc-comics.com/comic/2011-10-04
I am reading your original comment as "I prefer the color green to the number seven" coupled with an implication that it is common to compare green to seven, and that there are obvious situations where green can be used instead of seven. I don't see why anybody would compare green to seven, enough to state it and the conversation to gain traction. Your explanation here is akin to 'I like green because green can be seen but you can never truly see seven.' Okay, these words make sense in that order, but they don't explain the above implications. Are you simply saying that you prefer the aesthetic of one of these two vaguely related things? It sounds like you are implying that there is some way to do all the work with undecidability but using BB instead. Show your work.

There is no known reason why we can't tell if any specific program halts. We just can't write code to tell if an arbitrary program halts. This result is exactly what you are using when talking about preferring BB(k) for some fixed k, each k requires solving a bunch of halting problems. The paradox proofs you seem to dislike are only needed for the general case, the general halting problem or, and this is to me the confusing part, the general BB(n). So you are comparing BB(k) for some fixed k to something infinitely more general in the general halting problem. So, again, why would you compare these two things? When is that a useful thing to do?
I suppose the joke went over your head, sorry about that. I found it comical given the HDMI connector shape and how it would be nearly impossible to get wrong without being oblivious.
It's ok to be wrong; it's not ok to change your original writeup and continue to insist that you have been right all along. To the extent there is a security issue here, it does not lie with any of the software in question. You have not exploited sudo, ssh, bash, logrotate, wget, or anything else in the system.

The failure is instead a systemic one that allowed an ineffective and insecure configuration to be applied to a system. Some process (or maybe no defined process) 1) led "the administrator" of the system in question to do it and 2) didn't provide any verification or review of the configuration change.

> rtfm of sudoers(5).

OK; it literally tells you to watch your ass with a glob and to do your commandline security elsewhere. Then it gives an actual practical example of argument stuffing:

Wildcards in command line arguments should be used with care.

Command line arguments are matched as a single, concatenated string. This mean a wildcard character such as ‘?’ or ‘*’ will match across word boundaries, which may be unexpected. For example, while a sudoers entry like:

%operator ALL = /bin/cat /var/log/messages*

will allow command like:

$ sudo cat /var/log/messages.1

It will also allow:

$ sudo cat /var/log/messages /etc/shadow

which is probably not what was intended. In most cases it is better to do command line processing outside of the sudoers file in a scripting language.
I lived in a flat where the convention was to write the flat number like 8/5 and would occasionally get mail to the equivalent of 08-May.
I remember that being the case for early versions of Android, people were surprised all their RAM was used, and of course, we could find apps that "freed" the RAM, generally making things worse.

And the response was similar: all that "used" RAM can be reclaimed at any time should an app need some, but in the meantime, the system (which is Linux) might as well use it.

I think they "fixed" it in later versions. I don't know how, but I suspect they just changed the UI to stop people from complaining and downloading counterproductive apps.

As usual in these situations, unless you really know what you are doing, let the system do its job, some of the best engineers with good knowledge of the internals have worked on it, you won't do better by looking at a single number and downloading random apps. For RAM in particular, because of the way virtual memory works, it is hard to get an idea of what is happening. There are caches, shared memory, mapped files, in-app allocators, etc...
Seen this quite a few times as well, but we’ve managed to strike the indemnification clause from various third party CLAs by putting our legal teams in touch.
Great point thank you for making the distinction.
Yeah, I want the connector that can be attached by only moving the TV a few inches, just enough to get my hand to fit and feel around, not something I have to rearrange the furniture for and break out some headlight to see which direction the cable is oriented. With BNC cables, I could do it with my eyes closed.
There should be no interpretation because those are the axioms of our law right now. I would argue the only way to change it to allow censorship would be to call a constitutional convention to change it. Adding patches to law hasn’t been working great lately due to complexity. I’d you want to change the first amendment, then you have to amend the constitution, not as laws that are in violation of the amendment. Just because they’re old axioms doesn’t mean they are obsolete!
Had the same experience in the past with systemd-oomd, nowadays it does a better job at killing greedy processes than the entire user slice/scope.
If you buy the global warming is going to kill us all theory, that appears to have been a grave error.
I've been following @MrmoTarius on twitter for a while and I'm just loving their work. This CRT filter is just wonderful.

https://mrmotarius.itch.io/mrmocrt

(The scuffed paper and cross-stitch filters are very good too.)
I can definitely get 30C idle temps if I turn off the dGPU but I use it most of the time docked up to external monitors which forces the dGPU to run. At that point with my usual programs open I'm at 65-90C depending on what I'm doing within those programs. I can get this down to 50-55C stable if I disable boost on the CPU which keeps it at 3GHz no turbo but there is a noticeably performance hit.