skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Historically speaking there is an overwhelming number of failed religious societies than there is failed secularist ones
It's great if it's done exhaustively
How can the reference count in general graph directory be greater than 0 >
>How can the reference count in general graph directory be greater than 0 even when it's not possible to reference to a directory or a file?

I'm reading the dinosaur book. The answer to this question is due to loops. But how? Can you illustrate it?

https://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~d92005/OS%202008/ch11.pdf
[![enter image description here][1]][1]

Take this figure for example and try to explain this concept.

[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/YGVde.png
The idea in masonry is that by having something of your own and doing something for yourself, you have something you can actually share and replenish. It's also an art you practice and you grow as a man as a result, so it's not like the binge drinking to make up for lost time I see married people get up to when they are apart. This idea of escaping family is from people who have internalized narratives from sitcoms and are playing a role instead of engaging life directly. You're a man, you do things because you like them, and there is no explanation required. If you can't leave the house for a few hours at night once in a while, you're mismanaging your life and relationships.
I was mistaken in saying "the middle of the desert", the area of mali being toured is decidedly on the edge of the desert.
The Great Plains have been grassland since the LGM, that’s one thing you can’t pin on European settlers. East of the Mississippi though, a squirrel in the 17th century could have walked from Maine to Georgia and back without ever touching land.
Is it possible to transparently embed Tailscale into a game to only talk to your self-hosted Headscale server?

Also, is it in theory possible to use WebRTC to negotiate Wireguard connections and not use any control plane?
"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere." - MLK jr
Your “ourwordindata” link shows a net improvement between the two data points.

The “demographic crisis” appears to be on par with, if not better than, what the vast majority of Asian and European countries are experiencing.

And are you seriously quoting “perceived corruption”?

That’s a subjective measure. It’s literally in the title.

Could you at least try instead of throwing random links that you probably haven’t even reviewed yourself? Because this is pathetic. I expect more rigorous research and effort from an HN reply.
George Orwell Complete Works
A 1983 look at the computer magazine wars
Yeah, definitely; I don't want to suggest that being cashless is always the right choice. Merely pointing out that it isn't as simple as cash being 100% and credit/debit being ~98% -- a good business owner should try to understand the costs and risks of different approaches (cashless, cash-only, allow everything) for their particular business.

As for checks, though: let's please get rid of them, because I personally don't want to be stuck in line behind someone writing a check ever again :)
For much older submissions it doesn't try, because reposts on HN are fine after a year or so (https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html).

There are a bunch of reasons for that, but two interesting ones are (1) historical material is particularly welcome here, and (2) we want cohorts of new users to get an 'education' in the 'classics'. It's too easy for grizzled veterans to assume that everyone has already seen the perennials, but even they once read The Story of Mel, or whatever, for the first time!
Perhaps we could, I dunno, pay people to do it with the millions(billions) of dollars of carbon credits? Isn't that what they're for?
> The language model's body of "knowledge" tends to fall off outside of functionality commonly covered in tutorials. Writing a "hello world" program is no problem; proposing a design for (or, worse, an addition to) a large application is hopeless.

Hard disagree. I've used GPT-4 to write full optimizers from papers that were published long after the cutoff date that use concepts that simply didn't exist in the training corpus. Trivial modifications were done after to help with memory usage and whatnot, but more often than not if I provide it the appropriate text from a paper it'll spit something out that more or less works. I have enough knowledge in the field to verify the corectness.

Most recently I used GPT-4 to implement the paper Bayesian Flow Networks, a completely new concept that I recall from the comment section on HN people said "this is way too complicated for people who don't intimately know the field" to make any use of.

I don't mind it when people don't find use with LLMs for their particular problems, but I simply don't run into the vast majority of uselessness that people find, and it really makes me wonder how people are prompting to manage to find such difficulty with them.
Ask HN: How do I write a good request-for-feedback email to my users?
I have a project with some users, and I'm trying to determine the root cause of churn. I've been sending the following email to my users to get feedback, but I'm not sure if it's any good. Does anyone here who is more experienced have suggestions on what I should do?

Hi,

I'm X--the guy behind Y. I'm trying to improve the product, and I'd love to chat with you about your experience using it. You're one of my earliest users, so your thoughts--positive and negative--could really help me understand what I should prioritize as I continue to improve Y. Do you have any time for a 15 minute chat in the next few days?

Best,
[My Name]
There is an option in your profile called “showdead”. You should be able to read the comment after updating that option to be affirmative.
It's not bizarre at all.

Early hits are step 0.1 in bringing a drug to market. You patent a large space that gives you room to optimize the structure in terms of safety, efficacy, Pk, metabolites, etc.

Very rarely would you ever get 1 hit in a huge combinatorial screen. You'd likely get a few dozen. But you have no idea which ones would the best.

The company will usually nominate 5 or 6 hits (across the scaffold space) for further screening, then slowly whittle it down from there. By the time it hits humans, it's like 1 with 1 or 2 backups.

So you patent them all.

If you could only patent one, one of two things would happen: 1) the company would just file thousands of individual patents to accomplish the same thing or 2) not both developing the drug further unless they were 100% certain it was the right one (which I've never seen).
Equinox: Elegant easy-to-use neural networks in Jax
Nope. You can eject from 2 aircraft before the military takes away your keys.
If they could make it only have a Play button, that only played what they wanted to stream to you, while you continue to pay a subscription fee, they would.

The reason to make it harder to navigate your own library is so you don't navigate your library at all and just put on a channel. Amazon did this also, to favor their subscriptions. It is now frustratingly difficult to play your music. Searches return results not in your library, even when you were searching... your library.

It's the same reason Google and Bing are so much worse than they once were. The apps aren't serving the users, they're serving the customers (shareholders and advertisers).
We have DD agent setup which handles the log aggregation from our Docker containers, and feeds them in. Does this project have that tooling as well or is the ingress of logs left to the user?
this is also a good trick for swear words! unsure if it will still be needed on 17 but fuck=fuck will stop iOS from autocorrecting it to duck
If you want me to make a long fancy looking series of terms with arbitrary coefficients I can certainly do that too.
I don't know what you mean by "manipulatable". I don't know what you mean by "DSA". I assume what you're doing is casting aspersions on the NIST P-curves. They're the most widely used curves on the Internet (hopefully not for too long).

I don't think all that many serious people believe there's anything malign about them. It's easy to dunk on them, because they're based on "random seeds" generated inside NIST or NSA. As a "nothing up our sleeves" measure, NSA generated these seeds and then passed them through SHA1, thus ostensibly destroying any structure in the seed before using it to generate coefficients for the curve.

The ostensible "backdoor attack" here is that NSA could have used its massive computation resources (bear in mind this happened in the 1990s) to conduct a search for seeds that hashed to some kind of insecure curve. The problem with this logic is that unless the secret curve weakness is very common, the attack is implausible. It's not that academic researchers automatically would have found it, but rather that NSA wouldn't be able to count on them not finding it.

Search for [koblitz menezes enigma curve] for a paper that goes into the history of this, and makes that argument (I just shoplifted it from the paper). If you don't know who Neal Koblitz and Alfred Menezes are, we're not speaking the same language anyways.

The real subtext to this "P-curves are corrupted" claim is that there are curves everyone drastically prefers, most especially Curve25519 (the second-most popular curve on the Internet). Modern curves have nice properties, like (mostly) not requiring point validation for security (any 32-byte string is a secure key, which is decidedly not the case for ordinary short Weierstrass curves, and being easy to implement without timing attacks.

The author of Curve25519 doesn't trust the NIST curves. That can mean something to you, but it's worth pointing out that author doesn't trust any other curves, either. Cryptographers have proposed "nothing up my sleeves" curves, whose coefficients are drawn from mathematical constants (like pi and e). Bernstein famously co-authored a paper that attempted to demonstrate that you could generate an "untrustworthy" curve by searching through permutations of NUMS parameters. It was fun stunt cryptography, but if you're looking for parsimony and peer consensus on these issues, you're probably better off with Menezes.

Incidentally, you said "ECDSA curve". ECDSA is an algorithm, not a curve. But nobody likes ECDSA, which was also designed by the NSA. A very similar situation plays out there --- Curve25519's author also invented Ed25519, a Schnorr-like signing scheme that resolves a variety of problems with ECDSA. Few people claim ECDSA is enemy action, though; we all just sort of understand that everyone had a lot to learn back in 1997.
> Supply and demand does not account for the power imbalance between workers and leadership

Supply and demand is the imbalance. The workers, individually have no control over supply. The whole point of a union is to control the supply of labour and shift the balance of power.
Yep, seeing these took me right back there. Absolutely the best museum I’ve ever been to, hands down.

I’m not good at “viewing art”, and often I struggle to understand why pieces are important. This museum is the first one that really filled in all the blanks for me. I was literally a changed person when I walked out of there.
The Guardian takes a sudden interest in aliens
IMO this is the case in Texas too and it honestly works a lot better there because in LA an hour is very different at 5PM and 10PM. (Still different in TX cities, but to a lesser extent and for a smaller time period.)
Do you know any LLM that will ?
> HBO did a great made-for-TV movie on this called the "Pentagon Wars", which while fictionalized is only about 20% actually made up: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ir0FAa8P2MU

Great in that it is entertaining, but I would not take it, or the book it was based on, completely at face value:

> The Pentagon Wars was made to be a comedy first and an adaptation of the Pentagon Wars book second. It was never meant to be an accurate portrayal of the Bradley program and it shows. You're getting Hollywood taking an an axe-grinding, half-true memoir as fact and then playing it for laughs.

* https://old.reddit.com/r/WarCollege/comments/erpmjm/having_j...

See also perhaps:

> Although the Bradley destroyed many enemy tanks and experienced fairly low rates of casualty in the First Gulf War and the Iraq War, the vehicle’s recent battlefield performance was not acquired through efficient planning and project management. The origins of the modern Bradley span decades of troubled development; the involvement of many stakeholders; inflexible and questionable requirements; a failure of contractors to make design tradeoffs for fear of losing capability; billions of dollars in R&D costs; and numerous Congressional interventions, including House Armed Service Committee hearings investigating Bradley testing protocol.1 The Bradley has been described at different times, by military officers and historians, as a weapon that means “all things to all people,” a “quintessential hybrid,” and “a proverbial camel...that does nothing well”.2

* https://user.eng.umd.edu/~austin/enes489p/lecture-resources/...
Not exactly that, but the Cornfield Bomber [0] is sort of similar to that idea. The pilot ejected (intentionally) in a spin, but the changed center of mass leveled the plane out and it flew until it eventually landed itself in the namesake field. They knew what happened immediately in that case, though.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornfield_Bomber
The definition of "good" is whatever makes the most money, not what makes the best user experience.
Sure thing! Unfortunately not all topics can be broken down simply enough for all readers
> Google doesn't have the money to fund that

I would say they don't have the low liability/legal and "social consciousness/esg" that a startup can do.

They even published a responsible ai framework before they got an ai that works whereas openai/msft did that after they got something to work.
>In the realm of unconventional tools, the potential application of biological structures has always been a topic of intrigue. This study delves into the material science behind the potential of hamster claws to function as micro-screwdrivers, given their inherent sharpness and structure.

Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we characterized the microstructure of hamster claws, revealing a keratinous composition with intricate surface patterns. Nano-indentation techniques were employed to determine the hardness and resilience of the claws. Their sharpness was quantitatively assessed using a sharpness index, which considered both geometric and material properties.

To test the potential application as micro-screwdrivers, we designed a set of experiments where hamster claws were used to engage with micro-screws commonly found in electronics and precision instruments. The results indicated that while hamster claws can fit into the grooves of certain micro-screws, the torque they can generate is limited due to their flexibility and the lack of a proper grip mechanism.
https://blog.redpathcpas.com/research-and-development-tax-cr...

It would be interesting if there was a breakdown by technology sector. Ie manufacturing R&D vs. software development R&D.
Thanks. Maybe I’m being too hard on myself.
>Our military budget is the size of the next 12 countries put together.

That's because we practically subsidize the majority of our allies' militaries.
I haven't died of cardiovascular disease this week!
But usually they don’t sit everyone down because of it. Unless it’s maybe something critical they think could be impacting the entire fleet. I’m so curious.
Finally got to see the Pet Shop Boys live a few years back and they put on a great show. If you took a survey of the biggest influences on electronic music acts of the early 2000s, my guess is that Depeche Mode and the Pet Shop Boys would be at or near the top of the list.
It's just human nature. I refuse to participate in standards work, partly because it's much more pleasant throwing rocks from a safe distance, but also because I recognize in myself the same ordinary frailties that had friends of the original IPSEC standards authors writing mailing list posts about Rogaway being a "supposed" cryptographer. There but for the grace of not joining standards lists go I.

I think --- I am not kidding here, I believe this sincerely --- the correct conclusion is community-driven cryptographic standards organizations are a force for evil. Curve25519 is a good standard. So is Noise, so is WireGuard. None of those were developed in a standards organization. It's hard to think of a good cryptosystem that was. TLS? It took decades --- bad decades --- to get to 1.3. Of that outcome, I believe it was Watson Ladd who said that if you turned it in as the "secure transport" homework in your undergraduate cryptography class, you'd get a B.
Why is this a thing, why is it needed?
Yeah I've spent time on this topic before when working in C++, but haven't invested much energy in thinking about how one would do it efficiently in Rust yet. Luckily performance is not my #1 concern, at least not yet. And maybe if I got down that road more I'd just invest in going JIT with cranelift or similar.
Bard’s biggest problem is it hallucinates too much. Point it to a YouTube video and ask to summarize? Rather then saying I can’t do that it will mostly make up stuff, same for websites.
Great point. My six year old is mostly self sufficient for a period of time now. The three year old is still a bit demanding, but is progressing rapidly.
New images from Chandra X-ray Observatory
I don’t disagree, I was just responding to the person who asked what had happened to Lambda :)
How is that a counter example? Seems like another example of “professional managers” coming in and screwing up a company.

The first Boeing CEOs were from Boeing and were steeped in Boeings engineering culture and valued that expertise. Later CEOs like you mentioned didn’t. Boeing also acquired McDonnell Douglas, and many thought it was great that Boeing got to keep all McDD’s “experienced” managers.
What's a pytree? https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36029368
I think you and the other person who replied to me were dismissing the value of soft skills and the other things you need to know as a software engineer that are adjacent to writing code.

To put it another way - do you have an opportunity in leetcode to say the value of solving a challenge isn’t worth the time invested?
Who’s Behind the 8Base Ransomware Website?
has a more recent training cutoff than chatgpt at least
I think this is disingenuous. Example: configuring a linux firewall properly is not on the same competency level of changing your oil.

This script doesn’t harden sshd to the level I’d call safe. Disabling root login is minimum. I’d have port change, timeouts, fail2ban, otp via Pam all configured. Only allow specific IP ranges and users to ssh. I’d use ansible to properly configure instead of this script.

In the case of httpd. Id run it in docker or chroot. Again fail2ban, otp, I’d probably put it on a different port have it proxied via Cloudflare and have httpd only allow Cloudflare ips.

All this that are difficult to learn.

Source: I run my families infrastructure. Which spans multiple servers, routers, switches across 7 houses in 3 countries. I also change my own oil.
Btw, the text that went with the cards is here: https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo2/A42620.0001.001/1:5.2?rgn...

Why they went for a scallop cut, I have no idea, but from my text it seems like they were aiming to break the salmon cuts down into grades.

And actually, I guess we should remember that these are 'table carvings'. The fish has already been cooked more or less whole, and the cards are telling you how to carve and serve at the table. So at that point I guess, the scallop cuts are just.. pure show.
> Masons. Where these do exist, they've been gender integrated.

Not true of the Regular Freemasons at any rate - "The attitude of most regular Anglo-American grand lodges remains that women Freemasons are not legitimate Masons" (Wikipedia).

edit:spelling
> It's always funny to ask how far away someone lives and they answer "it depends".

I hadn’t noticed that before but I probably will now. That does seem to be a US thing. Often a person will respond in units of distance and time, one after the other. It does make sense given the effect that traffic conditions in a city can have on the travel time but “how far?” “it depends” is really funny.

> I imagine that they live close to an orbiting massive object which curves the space.

My thought was their home is some kind of moving fortress. A city on the back of a turtle wandering along the coast.
It's easy to say over 100% of GDP is too much when you compare to other nations and historical periods. The US debt is well over 100% of GDP. Below that, you can start to argue about the best level.

The US basically seems to be only getting away with the current huge debt load due to the petrodollar, and other countries are trying to break that hegemony.
What is this documentation theme? Can someone enlighten me?
Wake me up when AI based search is actually useful. Then I'll be interested.
> weird bit of a drain on the 3.3v

You...had current limiting resistors in series for each buttons, right?

edit: I think each buttons could be made to register the last pressed UNIX time rather than sending out button event, so the host can collect reports and sort out time sensitive aspects "later" in the loop to account for delays and reordering type of issues
Some of those dynasties lasted hundreds of years. Most recently, the Qing dynasty lasted longer than the United States has (the US being one of the world’s older democracies). I don’t think it’s much solace to people living today that they only need to endure 450 more years of autocratic rule before their nation undergoes a revolution.

And just because the ruling class is overthrown in a country doesn’t mean the material quality of life for everyday people changes. One autocrat replacing another isn’t much better.
Architecture astronautism applied to standards.
Bard was just produced so Google could tell shareholders that they attempted to enter the "AI" space and "compete" with GPT (as if this was somehow a worthy goal, and worth the time of engineers).

Given that goal, it succeeded: they can now tell shareholders they tried and people used it, but now the market is slowly moving to abandon chatty AI type LLM things.
Huawei’s Breakthrough: The Strategic Implications
A recent example (https://youtube.com/watch?v=KwIFM5cwMF4): calculate

sqrt( (1000)(1001)(1002)(1003) +1 )

It's been an engaging way to refresh the basics, and practice them. It's also a nicely paced drip-feed, and has answers for when I get stuck.

Like high-school math problems, they are manufactured puzzles (i.e. with a neat solution), which narrows the search space and tells you if you are on the right track. But unlike those, these have 2-3 tricks, so you get no feedback after the first step. It seems a bit like NP-complexity: hard to find the method; easy to check.

I'm sure there are many math olympians here on HN (and winners), who would find these unchallenging. Speaking for myself, I can do most in my head, and most of the remainder on paper - when I need their answer is when I learn the most.

A maybe-criticism: the answers are very clear, but they don't say why those steps were chosen. To me, the channel is more like a slightly-cleverer peer, rather than a super-genius master. Sometimes I find a better method, and it becomes a springboard for related ideas. And all that might well be better for learning.
When they find a way to "decrypt" /dev/urandom output into, you know, whatever is expedient for them at some future date, do you think a secret judge in a secret court is going to believe that you were just moving around random noise for the lulz?