skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Now all that's left is for someone to summarize the rest of the article.

Chatgpt - or just read it yourself
I have CF, and I take Trikafta.

Before Trikafta, I usually had a 5+ day stay in the hospital every year, and sometimes I have would very stubborn respiratory infections that just wouldn't go away. I was mentally preparing myself for inevitable decline and eventual death.

Trikafta changed my situation dramatically. I've had no hospitalizations, and most the classic CF symptoms are either gone or extremely diminished. It can't undo a life of damage to things like my pancreas, vas deferens, etc, and I still take medicine to digest my food, but overall, it's as close to "normal" as I could hope for at this point.

The only real downside: weight gain. With CF the pancreas is blocked, so you lack in digestive enzymes, and it's a struggle to maintain a healthy enough weight to battle respiratory infections. After Trikafta, I gained some 30 pounds, and have a big belly on my small frame, and went up some 6 inches in the waist. To add insult to injury, it happened during the spring and summer of 2020, when buying clothes was a challenge due to the pandemic.

Speaking of the pandemic, the timing of Trikafta was amazing: it kept the normally full "CF floors" of hospitals empty, opening up those beds for those with COVID and keeping CF patients less exposed.

One side effect I should mention: many report extreme anxiety. However, I was starting an anxiety medication for the first time (something I should have done 20 years ago, but alas ...) and so those effects were muted or hidden to me.
Capping tax deductions for advertising and progressively taxing it is a good one. Indeed, most advertising past a certain budget seems to be a zero-sum game and should be discouraged, not encouraged.
The article explains why they are describing the family this way, actually
My attempt of explanation with a (hopefully) relatable example: imagine that you store all your backup files encrypted, then restore the backup on your machine. The backup is stored on untrusted NAS but it's OK since it's encrypted, right?

With OFB (and CTR, and any other unauthenticated cipher basically), no. Ciphers guarantee confidentiality, but nothing else. This means that the attacker can alter one of your encrypted backed-up files. It's not a hypothetical attack. For example your backed up /bin/ls file likely starts with something like (hexencoded):

7f454c4602010100000000000000000002003e000100 .ELF..............>...

Let's assume attacker wants to trick you into running "echo hacked" on your system. They may achieve this by altering your backed up /bin/ls such that it decrypts to something like this:

23212f62696e2f73680a6563686f206861636b65640a #!/bin/sh\necho hacked\n

And it's really easy! Stream ciphers work by XORing input plaintext with keystream:

ciphertext = plaintext ^ generate_keystream(key)
plaintext = ciphertext ^ generate_keystream(key)

If you look closely at the equations, it's apparent that one can flip a byte in decrypted plaintext by flipping a byte in the ciphertext. To drive the point home, a small demonstration in Python (I'll use CTR instead of OFB but it's the same):

>>> from Crypto.Cipher import AES
>>> def xor(a, b): return bytes([ac ^ bc for ac, bc in zip(a, b)])
>>> aes_enc = AES.new(b"mysupersecretkey", AES.MODE_CTR)
>>> plaintext = open("/bin/ls", "rb").read(32)
>>> ciphertext = aes_enc.encrypt(plaintext)
>>> known_plaintext = bytes.fromhex("7f454c4602010100000000000000000002003e000100")
>>> wanted_plaintext =bytes.fromhex("23212f62696e2f73680a6563686f206861636b65640a")
>>> flip = xor(known_plaintext, wanted_plaintext)
>>> flipped_ciphertext = xor(flip, ciphertext)
>>> aes_dec = AES.new(b"mysupersecretkey", AES.MODE_CTR, nonce=aes_enc.nonce)
>>> aes_dec.decrypt(flipped_ciphertext)
b'#!/bin/sh\necho hacked\n\\d\xc3\xd9\*o.sh\n'

In this example attacker can change the first 22 bytes of file to arbitrary payload by abusing the predictable header of the ELF file. No knowledge of the key is necessary.
Yes you’re 100% correct. My friends brother was a severe case. It was not easy to raise him and he requires life long care. When the parent die I assume he will have to live in a home. He was non verbal and not self sufficient in most anything. Yet, he was always happy and kind, gentle, and loving. Even when things frustrated him he handled it better than I do now. But I will always remember his parents would discuss openly how blessed they felt that he had been born, and he seemed happy to be alive when I knew him. In some ways I think his parents also liked that when their other kids grew up and moved away Jeff was still there with them. As a father I selfishly can identify with that watching my daughter grow and knowing a day is coming when she will make her own way. Anyway, it is definitely complex - it was nice to read in the linked article some number of people are intentionally raising down children.
Terminally Owned – 60 Years of Escaping – David Leadbeater/DEFCON[video]
> I use it for things that are not so technical so I find I get results I like with very little work

I mostly get nice fill results as well, but they are super aggressive about removing "unsafe results", even when I don't give it a prompt? I'm not filling in nudity or anything, so it's not something I'd pay extra for in this state, I don't need an AI nanny.
Scraping them with high fidelity and frequency, and then selling that data commercially... and then buying that data from a provider and updating your prices using them...

Probably isn't something a company with potential monopoly concerns (read: Walmart et al.) would want be be overly open about.
> I'm getting a lot more interviews recently.

Would these people immediately seek a new job, or would there be a lag between being laid off and seeking a new job, especially if you got a 6-12 month package. Wouldn't you want to take a few months off?
I’ve had this same thought for years haha. Something like a thin dental guard
I like bupstash but it doesn't compress well. Admittedly I haven't tried it in several months but Borg absolutely eats it for breakfast with zstd compression.
Calling these "FP wrappers" is doing quite a disservice to functional programming, which by no means necessitates that functions are curried, and which is basically the idiomatic way of writing javascript / typescript these days. You don't need (and probably shouldn't use) wrappers of any kind to write perfectly ordinary FP-style code in javascript / typescript. I'd hope people wouldn't associate such wrappers with FP, because what they accomplish is something relatively orthogonal to FP.
I think the case re: lesson / learning is less clear, because in a “learning” there’s no teacher, you’ve all learned something, whereas lesson implies teacher and taught.

I still hate “learning” as a noun though.
The pricing is more like $25-30K/month. It's taken twice a day, in pill form. (I have CF and take Trikafta)
It's viable, but I think over all it's a little bit less convenient when you have to mess around with the bike, lights, helmet, etc. My place is about a 3 minute walk from the station so it's basically just step out the door and on to the train and then I'm there.

I don't mind riding my bike around to the nearby shops on the weekend but usually its just most convenient to get places on foot or by PT. I only really do it for fun and fitness rather than it being the fastest way to get around.
:) I first heard it in sprinting, where they try to beat the previous world record by the smallest possible margin so they can claim sponsorship bonus from beating it next year too.
Cholera as well.
there's a subreddit about that

check out www.reddit.com/r/cinemagraphs/top
I'm not sure about chicken cells but my experience with growing human cells (WI-38 fibroblasts)[1] is that they want to grow in a monolayer.

The way we grew them normally was in those roller bottles [2]: you have some tissue culture medium in the bottle (containing fetal calf serum, which is still required to grow mammalian cells AFAIK, another reason most of these companies can't do what they say) and other components. Then the bottles are put on their sides on a roller mechanism, in an incubator with a controlled CO2 concentration.

The cells want to grow in a one-cell-thick monolayer all over the inside of the bottle. What they won't do is to grow a double layer. This is because they have "contact inhibition" which is a major mechanism for preventing tumor-like growth: when cells are touching each other, they stop dividing.

So these guys are trying to grow tissue and what they seem to be doing instead is growing monolayers just like this on the inside of roller bottles, scraping them off, then putting them together again.

One thing that disturbed me was that they need to coat the bottles with porcine gelatin. In that case, a lot of those "chicken" cutlets are actually pork!

[1] WI-38 cells: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WI-38

[2] Tissue culture in roller bottles (yes, the medium is red at least for mammalian cells): https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-hgsfepq18i/images/stencil/12...
> If there was any feature that would sway existing Golang developers to switch to Java, it would be this.

Not sure about this, but a trajectory question: why does the Go community have so few concurrent containers but Java community does? I mean, even `sync.Map` is specialized for two specific use cases instead of like Java's ConcurrentMap that is of general purpose. And In Java there are concurrent sets, queues, barriers, phasers, fork-join pools, and etc. I'd assume that even with Go's go routines, we can find great use of such containers, right? At least fork-join is not that trivial to implement. And using mutex everywhere seems just so... low level.

I understand that there are 3rd-party implementations, but concurrency is so tricky to get right that I would be really hesitant to adopt a 3rd-party package, unless it is as mature as Java's JCTools or Google Guava, both of which are also backed by a large number of users and developers.
Currently on the front page of HN:

California sues 5 major oil co's for campaign of deception about climate change

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37540420

And it's hardly the first time that it came to light industry insiders knew X caused harm and suppressed it for decades.
And enforcing RTO
Thanks for the specific sources related to LGBT legislation! If have to dig much deeper to really understand the bills either proposed or passed, but in general I think this aligns with my view that both parties seem to be aligned with having a larger government. They are talking about different details, but both believe that fundamentally the federal government should be allowed to decide these topics in the first place. Personally I'd argue that no level of government has any business in my bedroom or my pants, but that's an argument for another day.

My original point really wasn't meant to say that both parties have the exact same view on any one specific political football, if that's how it came across then I explained myself poorly. My point was simply that, in my opinion, we've lost the classic left/right divide that was trying to find a balance between government powers and individual freedoms. Both parties in the US believe the government should have a say over nearly everything, from who you can love to what food you can eat. We don't have an option for a party that wishes to see keep government small by prioritizing individual rights. I may very well just misunderstand the core of the elft/right divide, but I was always led to believe that it came down to how big the government was, how much it spent, and what we can be told is/isn't allowed.

With regards to my point about abortion, it's much too detailed to put here and was probably an unhelpful distraction. But I don't see either party arguing that abortion should never be illegal, save for a few extremists both parties seem to agree that abortion should be illegal at some point and only disagree where that point is. Meaning, they disagree about whether that line is conception, birth, or sometime in between but both parties believe that they have the right to legislate what a pregnant mother can or can't do.
That the first updated version didn't just boot automatically is 100% evidence it's more unstable than your typical system family. It partially comes down to Apple putting absolutely nothing into Linux, even Nvidia does better than that these days, but even then you can at least expect to boot year old Linux on a new PC even if it doesn't support the latest CPU scheduling optimizations for it or whatever.

I'm also not sure I'd even agree M2 is even at parity with M1 in Asahi yet, let alone the first week. They did get a lot of things working quickly but I think that's far overselling what happened.
Last I tried it, it didn't compress well. Did it improve? Does it have zstd compression?
We would never pay for a recommendation nor recommend that a client pay for one, but there are lots if valuable alumni networks that we help clients leverage.

I'm not sure how much I can say about activities that help vs those that are now an anti signal from our perspective.

I think this is fairly public knowledge now.

20 years ago playing the violin was a positive signal to elite colleges. Now, that signal is saturated. It seems like every tiger mom wants thier child to be first chair but unfortunately colleges no longer see that as a positive signal (at least from our perspective)

Our clients typically want to track into business, business tech, and pre law, pre med.

From my perspective their are lots of great CS programs out there and lots of demand for CS grads. We work with families who want to track more entrepreneurial or into partnerships rather than into tech leads and project managers if that makes sense.
DNSControl – Seamlessly manage DNS configuration across servers and providers
Apologies, been too busy posting apparently. I did read the actual Sherman act (and provided links) recently, and experience wise I’ve been in management and senior leadership at several FAANGs in the past where this particular situation was a real and present ongoing concern. Including the one being targeted in this case.

So I’ve had all the training, worked with some talented attorneys, and been directly involved in related decisions - though not the ones being called into question here.
I'm not sure how the accounting works out for Vertex, but they provide copay assistance even for high incomes. I have CF, and take Trikafta. I have an above market developer income, and I pay nothing for Trikafta due to their copay assistance (it's the only copay assistance program that's available to me, given my income)
$106 would put someone at some okayish timberlands, which definitely degrade quick. Maybe not a year, but definitely 3 years max
that is insane
oh, it's not that i think that i should have all the answers and stop asking questions, but when i feel that this is what others expect from me then the only place where i can safely ask questions is among others who are even more senior than me.

or another way to look at it is stages: thinking that i should stop asking questions is senior level one. once you outgrow that and advance to senior level 2 then you can ask questions again.
Thanks for responding, and sorry for the slow reply.

>You can't charge a subscription for something someone already physically owns.

I suspect the contract is worded so that the buyer of "the car" actually does not own the seats, or perhaps the heaters in the seats. If that's the case, do you feel that such a contract clause should be illegal? If so, you're claiming that there are circumstances in which it should be illegal to "separate out" some things that are usually "bundled together" (here, car seat heaters and the rest of the car) -- what general rule would you propose to decide what things are unacceptable to separate out like this? (In case you're thinking of proposing "things that are physically connected can't be sold separately", you will run into problems: Lots of raw materials, e.g., steel, need to be cut up to be sold in the quantities customers need.)

But let's suppose the contract does not in fact leave ownership of any physical part of the car with the seller. If you buy a router from an ISP, are they not entitled to also charge you a monthly subscription to use it to access the internet?
I used this in my KiwiPyCon conference talk yesterday! I used it with Kopf to write a basic little kubernetes operator in Python.

Wish I had seen this thread before my talk, but the YouTube video will be online soon and I can link to it when they are uploaded.
Bankman-Fried's FTX, senior staff, parents bought Bahamas property worth $300 mln

https://www.reuters.com/technology/exclusive-bankman-frieds-...

> Bankman-Fried's parents named owners of $16.4 mln vacation home

They're strategy to claim they were merely supportive parents is undermined by the multimillion dollar properties they bought with money from their son.
Study suggests negative actions cascade to third parties
Antarctic sea-ice at 'mind-blowing' low alarms experts
In the long run it will be fine, but likely they got a good deal to help clear out inventory.

Few Ford dealer workers I know have been Talking about the buildup of stock of f150 lightning and mache at dealerships.

People are turning down the purchases from preorder due to issues with battery or otherwise that is plaguing their full electric.

6 months ago you had to be on a long waiting list, now you can find one at alot of lots.
Breakfast cereal is in long-term decline
> If you present a document you know to be untrue, that’s the same as lying.

If you present it as true. People write untrue documents all the time and show them to people that know they are untrue.
When I saw the finished model at the start of the video, my first thought was "clearly there must be some PVC sheets used". You clearly said that he's flattening the tubing with heat, but my brain just couldn't accept the work involved in doing that for every flat surface I was seeing. Truly remarkable.
People forget that Colo & Leasing servers exist.

And it costs like 1/5th of cost of “cloud”, and the later still gets you “the cloud”.
Might be worth using values/copies even a bit bigger, so long as it's "simple" data. This[1] short post argues for passing `std::string_view` (~2 pointers) by value, for

- Omitting pointer indirections (loads),

- Not forcing the pointee to have an address (i.e. gotta be in memory, not just registers), and

- Eliminating aliasing questions, potentially leading to better codegen if the function isn't inlined.

1: https://quuxplusone.github.io/blog/2021/11/09/pass-string-vi...
Flagged misleading title. Implies execs are doing so, when they have just been ordered to.
https://github.com/nrsh-society/zendo
I thought FTX lead its own rounds? Sequoia was in for <1%.
And Wall Street firms were fined $2 billion for their employees using non-corporate communication methods for trading https://fortune.com/2022/09/27/wall-street-fines-employee-us...
If they don't successfully win this case for a total sum equal or greater to the amount of money these companies raked in during their decades-long misinformation campaigns, Capitalism As It Is Practiced will declare it "worth it". Oil companies will only meaningfully pivot if the people calling the shots at the companies recalculate risk/reward.
interesting, I hadn't thought about the problem where they don't follow the instruction "only output the JSON, do not add explanations or other text"

I haven't pushed on codellama2 much yet, but my initial experiments, it did not really output anything extra, and my prompt became a one-liner compared to the really long instructions I had to give chatgpt for controlling output. Shows how far you can get with a purpose trained model

fine-tuning is important to getting more consistent output, none of the smaller models (open-source sized) are going to get there with just few-shot. Sounds like the grammar logit influencer is a low-cost/effort way to constrain output without the fine-tuning cycle. I can imagine they might be better together, but my hunch is that fine-tuning will still dominate the improvements and consistency. If you don't have the training data, that is a very good reason to use this technique too
for me:

- alcohol --

- long run or ultra race --- (takes a week to recover)

- early to bed ++

- short to moderate run +

my resting heart rate, sleep respiratory rate, and HRV are highly correlated
In a world of overblown research with hype-y titles, this really takes the cake. I wouldn't get too excited. :P
Weird quote of the week, from the article:

"As another note, dog hearing can cover the 20-35 KHz range, so the ultrasound engine may be able to detect static dogs by making them non-static, after which they will cause a Doppler shift."

So what's a static dog? Rust me wants a &'static dog, Java me wants a static final dog. And I also want a real dog named Doppler, or maybe just Shift?
Woody Allen would be proud.
TBH, Sun was already excessively conservative with language features in Java long before the Oracle purchase.

The JVM runtime though is and was a miracle of engineering. Enough to make the mediocrity of the language worth it. Though these days I don't (and don't want to) work in it, I absolutely understand why companies could make the choice to do so.
I only skimmed it, but nothing in the article said scam? More just that they are facing enormous problems scaling production. Both at producing macroscopic quantities of chicken (vs thin chicken sheets) and how to productionize the process so it could produce the mega tons required to be a commercial product.
Ask HN: Do I need AWS? Or am I thinking this wrong?
I'm pretty comfortable with AWS from work experience, but I also recall the insane bills we paid. Of course, the place I worked at was/is doing great so the insane bills aren't a problem for them (when we're talking billions in revenue, a few million per year on AWS is okay I guess). They also have many, many petabytes of data and millions of users, though I'd argue there is also a ton of over-engineering.

Now that I'm working on my own company, I'm curious about alternatives to AWS.

I'm keeping things simple, so I've got mostly Go services, pg + caching, and a svelte webapp. I deployed my Go services on a low-ish end bare metal provider, and for now it is fine. Deployments are triggered via scripts, and so far so good. Is it sexy, using all the latest and greatest tech? No, its just simple shell scripts. But it works?

I also benchmarked each endpoint with tens of millions of records (not a whole lot but still) and I'm seeing a pretty good latency to throughput ratio. In fact, the performance is better than what we got during peak at work, and this setup is costing me tens of dollars a month.

That makes me think if I even ever really need AWS. If I ever need to do multi region, I can just spin up a new machine there. CDN covers all static content.

Am I wrong to think that I could probably scale like crazy and avoid AWS completely with my stack? Why should I pay hundreds/thousands per month plus a premium for bandwidth? I'm also enjoying staying sane avoiding IAM.
Absolutely. I use Haskell as my main language for personal projects, and I like FP a lot — but I’ve seen some really horrible stuff marketed as ‘FP’ lately, especially in languages like JavaScript.
Super handy for resetting other Apple devices in weird states too. I've picked up "bricked" HomePod Minis from eBay, reset them with AC2, and ended up with 100% functional HomePods for a fraction of the price of a new one.
"I know it when I see it" was about obscenity.

As for what Google is or isn't doing wrong: the prosecution has to lay that out. I would think the opening statement would have said that, but I didn't read it. If it was really weak, Google would have moved for a dismissal or directed verdict.
Gotta pay for those underfunded public employee pensions somehow.