skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
From GPT:

The symbol grounding problem, as discussed in the paper snippet, addresses the challenge of how to connect the semantic interpretation of symbols within a formal symbol system to the real world, making it intrinsic to the system rather than relying on external interpretations. In the context of Large Language Models (LLMs) and AI, this problem is relevant as it raises questions about the meaning and understanding of symbols or tokens generated by these systems.

The paper suggests a potential solution to the symbol grounding problem: grounding symbolic representations in nonsymbolic representations of two kinds - “iconic representations” (analogous to sensory projections) and “categorical representations” (feature detectors for object and event categories). Elementary symbols are then the names of these categories, assigned based on their categorical representations.

Connectionism, a neural network-based approach, is proposed as a mechanism to learn the invariant features underlying categorical representations, thus connecting symbols to the sensory world. This hybrid model combines symbolic and connectionist elements to address the symbol grounding problem.

In the context of LLMs, they operate primarily based on symbolic manipulation of text, and while they can generate text that appears semantically meaningful, the challenge lies in grounding this meaning in real-world understanding. LLMs lack the sensory perceptions and cognitive mechanisms that humans have for grounding symbols. Addressing the symbol grounding problem in LLMs would require incorporating mechanisms to connect their symbolic outputs to real-world understanding, similar to the proposed hybrid model discussed in the paper.

In summary, the symbol grounding problem is a significant challenge in AI and LLMs, as it questions how symbolic representations can be tied to real-world semantics. Addressing this problem would require developing mechanisms to bridge the gap between symbolic manipulation and true understanding of the world.
It it exactly what most api optimization does. For example, batch queries merge several api calls into one to reduce api call counts. And it this case, it is perfectly optimized. You have literally one zip file, and there is no more.
Eh, it happens. No worries
What Is a Feature Vector?
Missed some for me
I’m really torn on EVs now because of all the freaking data collection (every new car, not just EVs). I want to do what I can to reduce how much I’m contributing to climate change, but I still might get another old car when this one goes because I don’t want to be spied on.
$75 for their Novolog analog. Almost no one should use NPH, it’s generally terrible and costs the same as we pay in Canada for the name brand Novo insulin aspart(It’s not subsidized).

The issue is people, generally, see diabetic and don’t ask, just assume. Millions are not type-2, many are due to pregnancies, old age too, or damage from disease. But even with obeisity/inactivity it is a risk factor and generally has a genetic component too. Plus, one the beta cells are gone, they are gone.
In fact my suspicion is that they would also cheat by looking into the dns cache of the current machine.
It detects only some of mine. To be precise, it does not detect subdomains being served by a service behind a CloudFlare tunnel.
Assume, or optimize for.
For my personal domain: it got the ones I have on the SSL cert alternative subject names, made up three, returned one I deleted more than a year ago, and didn't find two. Very curious.
These publishers see public libraries the same way they see libgen. They would have called them illegal and shut them down if libraries weren't an established and reputed public institution. They will still try to delegitimize them over time. All the more a reason for us to not let them start with libgen.
What's the practical difference between system store and user store? Do some apps or system operations only trust the system store and not the user store?

Not rhetorical questions.
The ‘Belgrano’ and Me – Stephen Sharp
I just want to let you know that the pun in the last line didn't go unappreciated.
> Were oreos always palm oil or were they lard back in the day?

They did use lard till mid 90s.

https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2008/02/getting-lard-out-ko...
>The Enron folks shrugged it off. They believed in the company and believed in the work they were doing.

In my experience, one should, in a corporate environment, take most seriously what is shrugged off and discount anything taken seriously. Because the reactions are revelatory of the attitudes that lead to crisis and crime.
Intent(like possession) is 9/10ths of the law.
21.6kbps dial up was pretty terrible
https://archive.ph/9Ibjn
I'm sure there are other things it does, but pragmatically every time I've seen Airtable used in business it's used in a way which a simple excel spreadsheet shared on one drive, Dropbox, box, etc. Would do.

Honest question, what does it do that excel does not?
Why the chicken crossed the road.

But when the cat followed, a car came :(
Thank you for providing the context.

To me, it's the 20 FTEs requirement that is the most unexpected. The small businesses that I or the people I know have worked at or have interacted with were generally in the 2-10 FTE range.

For what it's worth, I personally have nothing against the spirit of this regulation. Corporations and LLCs are legal structures provided by the government. The (federal) government not always knowing who the beneficial owners are is an implementation artifact. FinCEN should have access to this information; I just wish that they would talk to the states about it instead of threatening individual owners with penalties and jail for not reporting to them directly.
Anybody here without a pitchfork here is someone who hasn't gone to a university, a college or self-taught.
Our immune system is quite aggressive with garbage collection and can picky about what pathogens it chooses to remember. This behaviour makes sense on the hypothesis that our immune system has a "storage limit" for immunities. It doesn't make sense if the immunity memory is unlimited.

(The reason why many vaccines require boosters is that without the repeat exposure, our immune system decides it doesn't need to remember about that particular pathogen.)
I wonder how much of Catholicism’s continued decline can be attributed to Vatican II? I never experienced the OG mass format, but it seems possibly less dumb than the modern “life lecture by a guy with no actual life experience”. It was in decline at the time and they were trying to save it, but I feel like a resurgence might have been more likely if they hadn’t neutered it.
Reported tests are almost completely gone compared to past waves, so reported positives will likewise be almost gone. Wastewater data in the US shows a very clear increase, with levels currently at least half of the peak of the previous two waves.
Unfortunately not just some "crazy person". He heads up the College of Global Public Health’s Center for Bioethics at New York University
This is crazy, I was just looking for this exact thing a couple days ago. Thank you for sharing. Brilliant work.
From the article:

“The OED entry for the word records an 1830 suggestion that English should adopt new names for the sciences replacing -ology with lore: birdlore instead of ornithology, earthlore instead of geology.”

This is the reference you parent is making in their light hearted comment.
You should write them down. I would love to read them, and I'm positive many others would, too. The 90s gaming scene is incredibly fascinating to read about, especially as it started to shift from the cowboy ethic to the corporate ethic (both have their pros and cons). I think I speak for a lot of us when I say we'd love to hear what you have to share.
It's a useful technique, but part of the fun of PVC is the limited degrees of freedom. It's like autocorrect in real life!

It tends to not produce very nice looking results because it's mostly right angles, but that's doesn't matter as much if you're using it as a frame and keeping it hidden.

3D printing also greatly expands the possibilities of pipe.
That's terrific! Ages later I made one for a GoPro using the autoexec.ash script (before they changed CPU vendors).

It copied itself into the internal storage, then back to new SD cards.

I wrote out a little text file explaining what had happened and how to remove it.

Never figured out how to tell them about it.
Citizenship for sale: Singapore’s US$1.3B money laundering probe
I’d recommend you update the article on those two points, because because as it is now, the article makes it sound like you stole code from both Box and Uber.
Anecdotally I believe McDonald’s actually does very well on blind taste tests.
This is a real problem. These algorithms are a way for us in the west to experience social credit type scores like we read about from China. I'm sure there's someone here who was unfortunate to have a name that overlapped in some way with an identified "terrorist". Don't forget that when you buy an airplane ticket, there's that always slightly worrisome option to "add your special id number if you are incorrectly listed as a terrorist", whatever they call that. The inability to sue to identify the problem or correct it is a real loss of autonomy and freedom. I've always wondered what the impact would be if I ran into that. And also how come the 'terrorist' can't just find out someone's excuse-me number? I put terrorist in quotes not because there aren't any real terrorists, but because it is such a fraught identification, subjective, there must be mistakes.
I'll do my best to keep it going, unless you have a better term. Enshittification clearly communicates the point trying to be made.
> The Department of Justice isn’t a rulemaking entity

Yes, it is. [0]

> it’s the federal prosecutor’s office.

That is among its functions, yes.

> The antitrust laws we have are quite old and passed during the era of robber barons in order to do something about them, with extremely broad language that by its terms would prohibit not only anything you might like them to but a lot of things you might not.

Among the antitrust laws we have are:

* the Antitrust Criminal Penalty Reform and Enhancement Permanent Extension Act (2020); whose main effect was, as the names suggests, to make permanent the provisions of the Antitrust Criminal Penalty Reform and Enhancement Act (2004).

* the Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act (2020)

* the antitrust provisions of the Competitive Health Insurance Reform Act of 2020 (oddly enough, 2021)

Some of our antitrust laws were written in the so-called “age of robber barons”, but antitrust law (even purely statute law) hasn’t been static since.

[0] for illustration, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-advances-p... ; you probably mean, though, that its not the rulemaking entity with regard to competition, since that’s mostly the FTC.
That's just a sign they knocked a few bits off datatype but are still trying to pass it off as the same thing. Serializers, however, are onto them.
Can you expand more on the Let's Encrypt issue? What do you mean by that?
I'm pretty sure his mom could, in fact, understand what a computer virus is if he explained it to her.
Thanks for adding. Your argument demonstrates that there is an optimum human-friendly representation for each data.
The Meaning of Liberalism (1938)
Yes, I would be surprised.

What big tech company makes it easy for you to take code written and deployed there while you were employed, and just open-source it?

I know there are big tech firms that own everything you do outside of work, but have a fairly easy process to allow you to release that as open-source.

But this is different, this is about code written for and deployed by the company itself, that isn't part of any corporate open-source strategy.
Then you don't need to remove any immunity, right?
One thing I noticed looking at my logs is that there is almost no unsolicited traffic (i.e. failed authentication attempts, exploits of various worldpress bugs, etc) through ipv6. I think it's a function of 1) those coming from networks (compromised home devices, etc) that don't support v6, 2) the v6 address space being too large to scan (the size of an encryption key), so good security by obscurity. This would nullify 2).
Wow, somehow I’ve never come across the KPMG anthem thing before. Awesome!

https://amp.theguardian.com/business/2001/dec/09/theobserver...
?? 99.9% of people recover just fine and surely they still have their T cells
How do you create new channels?
Maybe because I use wild card certs with let’s encrypt
Ok, so I'm no expert on Rust or Go or whatever, but I've noticed that many posts and comments seem to rip on Go, and that Go is bad, Rust is better, language X is better than Go, etc etc.

My question is why all the hate on Go? And if Go is so bad as these posts claim, why compare everything against it?

I'm not saying Rust isn't good or anything like that, but why the never ending hit pieces on Go? Lets just evaluate Rust or any language on its own merits.

I agree comparisons can be useful but its getting out of hand with these never ending Rust vs. Go pieces.
That's amazing. Some kid from some small town in Northern Vietnam, who is a genius.
Qualcomm is their main competitor in 5G patents and technology.
Damn, I feel like whenever I see a Canada related article on HN it's always some absurd dystopian shit like this, never anything positive.

As a Canadian it genuinely hurts.
OG Catholics have fertility rates around what Haredi Jews have, so the answer is basically yes. With caveats.
> I’ve implemented “buy” for various systems where the work to integrate was essentially the work to build

I've felt this way before, but I didn't realize that I haven't factored in the risks of actually building it. I was comparing real world integration effort with an estimate, influenced by my experience of integrating with a working product.

Common sense applies, but in general I'm terrible at giving estimates unless I've done something very similar before.
Cute, it managed to find 121486 subdomains for amazonaws.com [1], and somehow I suspect that's a tiny fraction of what's in use.

https://gist.githubusercontent.com/Q726kbXuN/bf8a9a22b81fe65...
Finally, a pragmatist on this Rust vs Go maddness. Thank you
The Moment Where the ATM Suddenly Made Sense
Redfall sold disastrously. The days of releasing an incomplete game are apparently over.
> actively committing state sponsored industrial espionage for decades

I'm sure you are right but I feel this is actually beneficial.

The interests that have captured China are likely different from the ones in the US, and much different from the inferior oligarchs that have captured my home country (Canada). I see their national interests having an unintended consequence; the creation of markets of scale for products that are not politically viable here.

We all know the stories of oil companies buying the rights to battery technologies and sitting on them. There is even a Wikipedia article about it [1] that I'll link to below. China is never going to have enough oil to export, and as such, Oil will always be a cost center for them.

Copyright maximalism and intellectual "property" is strangling all of us, and I don't want it to put us in an early grave as a race. I'm grateful that China is "stealing" this "property" and turning it into batteries, solar panels and other products that I can buy, and that it iterates on them rapidly - rather than being put in a box.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent_encumbrance_of_large_au...
I believe that the economy aspect is going to be (eventually) re-worked entirely for a better simulation and to interact better with the existing game. The current development arc is going on several years at this point, so who knows when that might get addressed.
I've been at companies that hired McKinsey to tell them what to do.

In each case it was a spectacular failure.

But also in each case, the executives and leadership who chose to hire and listen to McKinsey went onward and upward in their careers after those spectacular failures.

As others are saying here, they really aren't in the advice business. They're in the scapegoat business.
I tried it and went back to plex. It's not bad but lacks polish in its client apps. It's a good effort but plex is still ahead, I have in mind to revisit it though cause I don't feel like plex will stick around for much longer.
I guess an advantage is that it's a competitor to a single Microsoft vertical? So is Notion though and a few others. Competition is healthy.
According to the article it’s purely about heat:

> The EU's standards note that within a phone's typical frequency range, the main danger of excess radiation is not changes to cells or chemicals in the body, leading to cancer, but "whole-body heat stress and excessive localized heating of tissues." The vast majority of mobile phone research indicates no adverse effects from regular exposure to the non-ionizing frequencies phones use to communicate.

I can’t speak to why the chart has frequency dependent limits.
Looks like the same team is already looking into treating food allergies with inverse vaccine https://foodallergyfund.org/research-1/2021/2/15/inverse-foo....
People should have the right to go about their business without having it tracked in a government database. It is no different than any other aspect of personal privacy as enshrined in the 4th Amendment. Deputizing corporations, banks, and other private entities to collect this data on behalf of the government does not make it any less a violation of 4th Amendment rights.
Plex recently added skip intro and skip credits features. They add new features from time to time.
>You see, when formulas create a circular reference, Excel will run that computation up to a number of times. If, in those computations, the magnitude of the difference between the most recent and previous computed values for the cell falls below some pre-defined epsilon value (usually a very small number, like 0.00001), Excel will stop recomputing the cell and pretend like it finished successfully.

W

T

F
wish all these manufacturers would do what pixel does and start filenames with PXL00X
What a horrible UI and information presentation. What does the scrolling information even mean? Are the up/down arrows/percents tracking % change in package size, % change in per unit price resulting from the new package size, or…what? Are the listed package sizes the before or after sizes? Why if I go beyond the front page to the main list (which provides the same information and lack of explanation as the scroll, but with product pictures) and click on a product does it cause a crash to a “Application error: a client-side exception has occurred (see the browser console for more information).” and why is the back button broken so that once this occurs, it stays on the error page even as the URL in the address bar walks back?
I tried Jellyfin vs Plex, I forget why, but it’s like how I wound up buying a Subaru because on paper it looked like it checked all the boxes. It does technically check all the boxes but it’s still unpleasant to drive in a myriad of little ways, just like Jellyfin. Checking boxes doesn’t add up to a pleasant user experience.
Nope, it's extremely illegal. Unless the first employer gives you explicit written permission to.

Why anyone would run the legal risk of stealing IP from their old employer, to benefit not themselves, but to benefit their new employer... is beyond me.
Thanks! That's really cool to hear, 20+ years later.

I actually did all the effects work on the weapons (muzzleflashes, smoke, explosions, bullet holes and surface sprays, and all the extensions to Quake2's particle systems to make that content possible) and all the single player weapons system game balancing, as a matter of fact. Both the sound design and animation / modelling on the weapons went through a number of iterations to get them really over-the-top and delightfully powerful / ridiculous, too - I was lucky to work closely with a great sound designer and a really talented animator on that.
I don’t think you read anything I wrote.

China has enormous success stories that don’t depend on pilfering or extorting, and a rich history for thousands of years. In fact I think the Chinese governments behavior in this respect is below the divinity of Chinese people and Chinese culture. This plays out in the recent domestic behavior of the Chinese government towards its own people. I even said I welcome a multipolar world with a resurgent china.

But if you think forced technology transfer and industrial espionage by the Chinese state to benefit the Chinese states industrial interests - which have become pervasive in China under Xi with most major Chinese ventures being forced to take state funding and control - you are deluded, or are trying to delude. I say this with all the force of someone who has experienced the fact of what’s happening directly - you can throw racism or nationalism around all you want, but there’s a cold reality that exists independent of such concepts and I - and many others in technology - have experienced it first hand. It’s calculating, cold, and very much real - and race and nationalism have very little to do with it. It’s political and it’s absolutely real.

Btw, you can’t sit in a BYD and not see the technology transfers and the espionage spoils. China could be successful on its own merit, but not with the Chinese communist party controlling industry and civil society. I just hope some day Chinese people will be free to be that competitor on equal footing with the world. What happens in China today is a disgrace to Chinese everywhere, who are some of the most brilliant and hard working people out there. Until that day I welcome them to work with me here, and we can make great things together.
What's causing headaches are shared accounts. If plex disabled that feature they'd get rid of people who sell shares on plex instances or maybe just limit the number of shares per server. There is no legitimate use case of a plex server used by 20 accounts. Media companies go after pirates who sell pirated content before caring about users who pirate for themselves who may as well have legitimate content on their servers.
> "out of context" is the standard BS answer to anything.

You are completely wrong on this one. People routinely take things out of context on purpose to defame others. Thats so common I am surprised you can make the opposite claim.
Show HN: a decorator function for sequential execution of concurrent code
You're talking about tying things together like Microsoft Word with onedrive etc.? This sounds backwards to me. The "tying together" only feels like "tying" because you get used to the extent the services interact with each other, which is very convenient, and feel like you're unable to change, because you're unwilling to let go of those easy ways of interacting with other services.

But that doesn't make the interaction anti-competitive; it makes them a nice product. It wouldn't make sense for MS to allow, say, other clients to MS Word to interact with their cloud, that would be anti-competitive in that they're actively shooting themselves in the foot while doing it. I don't see why this is a bad thing.

And in general, the fact that we're even converging from multiple services towards one is purely historical. The reason MS word & excel are two separate programs rather than one is due to the tech landscape on the past. Google Docs or Notion or Coda are all supersets ot Word vs Excel, using newer tech & hardware to provide a more unified experience, which IS in the interest of the user.
> ZGC, GraalVM, and Project Loom which essentially makes Java a better Go.

GraalVM is still nowhere near as nice as Go when you need to compile quickly. Last time I checked, the compiler needed orders of magnitude more time and memory to make a binary. ZGC is pretty nice, though.