skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
That's not what the Church-Turing thesis is about. The Church-Turing thesis says that any "effective procedure" (i.e. algorithm) for performing computations on natural numbers is equivalent to a Turing machine. It is generally accepted but cannot be proven because "effective procedure" is not defined. Indeed it can be seen as providing a definition for the term "effective procedure".

To extend that to say anything about the physical world (i.e. some form of "Physical Church-Turing Thesis") is to make quite a different assertion and one that is not so "generally accepted". To make it say anything about brains you have to assert some form of equivalence between brains and "effective procedures" on the natural numbers, which is indeed to beg the question in this instance.

There's a different idea you may be confusing it with, which is the idea that since the known laws of physics (aside from state vector reduction in quantum mechanics) are in the form of differential equations that can be numerically integrated to arbitrary precision anything can be "simulated". However, this is not part of the Church-Turing thesis. (And personally I find the phrase "to arbitrary precision" here, and the exception for state vector reduction, quite a barrier to basing any assertions about the nature of the universe or minds on it.)
Distributed == Relational
You can also work on making that 'X' as small as possible.

There's a thermodynamic fundamental lower limit on the amount of energy needed to desalinate water, but it's absurdly small. Much smaller than the amount of energy we use in practice with current technologies.

(Just like there's a thermodynamic lower limit on how much energy a computer needs. But it's also extremely low. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landauer%27s_principle )
studies by major countries around the world have conclusively proved that LK-99 isn't the claimed superconductor.
Yes, there's a lot of terminology out there to describe this constellation of symptoms/the process of CSS. The sarno stuff is getting a lot more attention these days as "psychopysiologic" therapy. Things are moving in a good direction and I'm hopefull that repression will be characterized neurophysiologically. See the references I posted to another comment.
Auto Immune Disorder (IBD in my case) sufferer here. I sometimes wonder why we're all not more annoyed that we get sent to specialists for the parts of our body (GI in my case) where the immune system is causing most damage at a given moment who will ask questions about other symptoms that we now have a good idea are likely the result of the same inflammation (depression, joint pain, peripheral neuropathy, CFS, etc. etc. etc.) but at no point, is there a department of immunology that takes over or even contributes.

I've worked my way through azathioprine (poisons your bone marrow to reduce white blood cell count - great for getting skin cancer) to vedolizumab which targets a single gut immune system signaling molecule. I'm lucky in that both have induced full remission which means all the inflammation related symptoms go away, not just the colitis. But I know many people who aren't that lucky and who get some symptoms controlled while others continue unabated. And then there are folk like you who seem to get nothing.

The immune system in complex in the proper sense but we still treat the problems it causes reductively. Worse, most of the research that is done treats it reductively also. If COVID had a silver lining it was that it seemed immune system research got a couple of decades of research done in two years. But when I'm talking to my GI, I really feel that nothing has changed and that at some point, I'm going to flare again, get deeply depressed, be unable to move properly or exercise, lose feeling in my toes and after the steroids have ruined me a bit more, I'll be stuck on a new IBD drug and will hope for the best.

We need these diseases to be treated systemically, as a class and for the immune system to have it's own specialists in research and treatment. They would be able to act as sherpas for sufferers but more importantly, would be a point of nucleation for new ideas about the immune system since they would be exposed to the gamut of problems sufferers face.

It makes me angry, which is probably a flare-risk factor...
GP said 15 years though, not exactly someone less experienced.
If the ocean's hadn't been salty, we would likely have biochemistry that doesn't rely on salt so much.. instead of just keeling over.
I share all criticism on the subject but I must admit there is a killer feature that alone converted me to use Edge on MacOS - native vertical tab bar with tab grouping. It worked much better for me than all Chrome and Firefox extensions I tried before.

I know Brave implemented it recently too so Edge is not the only player in town now, but it was the first! Hopefully the rest of browsers will follow the trend.
I don't understand how that is possible. I would say the exact reverse. With print debugging you have to write the prints. With a debugger you just run the code. Especially with conditional breakpoints...
Me too, Covid is a vascular disease and if garlic has the effect on the vascular system that I’m hoping for then I hope to live a longer life.
"...getting 10% returns like in the stock market..."

You should start a fund!!
Even dumber. Because this time it's not the banks outsmarting regulators with opaque products, it's the regulators themselves saying "lend all you want, we'll back the loan!"
Regarding state: you can make thread safe transducers. The current SRFI 171 reference implementation is NOT thread safe. You can create a transducer and use it across different threads no problem. But you cannot start a transducer and use the returned reducer in different threads. It uses hidden mutable state.
>Now days there are tons of cheap robot arms that have a servo motor for each joint, because servos are cheap and complex mechanics are not.

Servo motors aren't cheap at all.
Encoders aren't cheap either, in what universe do you live? The RC toys don't count by the way, because the cheap RC servos are terrible.

A fly ball governer? Is this some kind of joke? How are you going to operate it in any orientation other than upright? Why would you even want to?

There are probably ways to build a control loop with discrete electronics components that is cheaper than a mechanical system like that. Heck, it is probably cheaper to build an entire CPU with discrete components and then program that.

The reason nobody knows this crap is because it is useless. Your pseudo nostalgia for an age that existed before your time is ridiculous.
Modern Bosch machines also have a "fast" mode that is done in just 1h:9m. Of course it uses more water and energy, but I'm fine with that. Dishes come out squeaky clean and mostly dry.
I know. And HN is younger than Reddit.

HN != YC.
I think Java gave 2 to ways to deal with this:

There is “public” within a module, and “public” for other modules. This is not on a per method basis, though.

And you can make a method “package-private”, and you can then test it right a way.
It's a real shame that cost has significantly outweighed the value derived from high education.

It's in the interest of business to continue to add value and explore new territory. Unfortunately though this has metastasized in higher education to producing junk degrees and programs that simply do not warrant costly or even sometimes formal training.

High education has evolved from something accessible only by the elite, or the brightest (elevated on the dime of the elite) to an overpriced commodity that yields little returns. Especially in undergrad, is the cost really worth it to achieve a basic level of competency that employers then have to build on significantly after the fact?

My advice to young people in my home country (not USA) is only go if the profession you want requires it. And I'll often help them to do a cost-benefit-analysis to work out if college is the right path.
Ten years later this
company, its product, the money that went into it, and most evidence of its existence barring this post and another article covering it, seems to have vanished into the aether.

The author of course seems to be doing fine at some VC firm. Just so you know what kind of behaviors Silicon Valley rewards.
Old school "liberal arts" before 1970 was about processing information, finding bias, finding patterns, critical thinking... Very meta... It would be excellent preparation for profession where you deal with people and information (investment banking).

Liberal arts of current year has nothing to do with that.
Have you tried Vivaldi's vertical tabs? They seem quite powerful and I like the implementation more than Edge's.
No one has 80k laying around when he/she's 18, your calculation doesn't make any sense.
> But reusable plastic food containers (Gladware, etc.) always come out sopping wet and I have to hand-dry them.

ime this is because plastics have lower thermal mass and hence cool out faster than the ceramic/glass/metal things. while the water evaporates from warm objects it then condenses at lower temperature surfaces.
My wife’s laptop just upgraded itself to windows 11 pro form 10 pro unasked & unsolicited and all prefs were changed to microsoft traps including edge being the default. Dark patterns galore. Luckily I could revert back to the previous version.
Only reason I’ve noticed is cause my phone doesn’t last throughout the day as it used to do a week ago, and my usage according to “screen time” is “down 14% since last week”. But of course this isn’t anecdotal evidence at best.
There was more oxygen in the air when the dinosaurs roamed, but not when insects (and other critters) first came on land.

https://forces.si.edu/atmosphere/02_02_06.html says

> As plants became firmly established on land, life once again had a major effect on Earth’s atmosphere during the Carboniferous Period. Oxygen made up 20 percent of the atmosphere—about today’s level—around 350 million years ago, and it rose to as much as 35 percent over the next 50 million years.
I always thought the query/key/value analogy was confusing and unnecessary. That tired analogy is why I don’t think Attention is All You Need is a particularly good paper. The BERT paper is much more readable.

If you actually look at what a self attention head looks like it’s much easier to understand and really not that complicated.

Once you get self attention, multi headed attention is just doing that N times in parallel over the same sequence.
> The populations of dense cities use fewer resources than the same population spread out in low-density settlements, especially when those cities are laid out to be properly walkable. It's just basic economy of scale.

No, that's just marketing try to convince people of that...

> In cities, not having a vehicle is an option. Outside of them, it's basically required in most places.

Again that's marketing

Did you try to think hoe many resources are needed just to build high rise buildings compared to an equivalent set of single family homes? Hint: their own structure need to be supported, just that and foundations impose MUCH MORE resources than light homes. Similarly for any implant inside, including elevators.

Sewage network? Metros and so on?

A city if you try to count raw material use MUCH more than an equivalent spread area.

Not only: single family homes can evolve, they can be wood based and rebuild every let's say 50 years. Meaning they remain aligned to contemporary needs and tech, while rebuild a high rise building is a nightmare.

If you have modern homes with EV in most part of inhabited world, WFH for eligible jobs, not suburb USA style but mixed spread are where your dentist is just a small building few km away, there is a small supermarket few km away and so on you can have small-battery EV mostly recharge via domestic p.v. in cities you can walk, sure, unfortunately groceries are not made there, they came from far away, as far as more dense is the area because anybody eat, but in dense area there is no local food production. As a result you consume less, comfortably ignoring the logistic behind anything you use locally.

Now enlarge yourself talking about soil sealing who kill humus, water cycle alteration due to the big impact of such large and concentrated usage and discharge and so on.

If you REALLY try to dimension a city you'll easy see that anything you believe is false, marketing pushed because dense cities means dependency on services, witch means big business for very few on the shoulders of many. Try just to imaging ready-to-eat food delivery in a spread are: there is no chance Uber Eat, Just Eat and so one model keep up. People have kitchen, stockpile of food and time to do whatever they like, far less waste, far less packaging. Oh BTW this was an ancient known scam in Europe: in the past schools have internal kitchen, then they was told to externalize to make anything more efficient. As a result food quality have dropped, costs ans waste and packaging use skyrocketed.
I find youtube content to be very lowest common denominator and just a difficult form to learn from. There's open source comp sci curriculum that compile various MooCs and free college courses though that I thought was phenomenal: https://github.com/ossu/computer-science
It is my first time going on mcmaster.com and it's working great on mobile for me (Android, Firefox). It feels snappy, good button sizes, great filtering options, no dead ends in flow until login to purchase. Top marks from me!
Thanks for the articles, I'll have to catch up.
I wonder if it's because they're so stimulating with minimal physical effort. So, after playing, you hit the real world where achieving anything useful takes mental or physical energy and the contrast is significant.
>In bash, a lot of functionality comes in the form of brace expansions and word splitting, basically abusing the command parser to get results there is no actual function for. In awk and any other more normal programming language, those same features come in the form of an explicit function to do that thing.

Right. That's one of the reasons why the man page for bash is so long. IIRC, going way back, even the page for plain sh was long, for the same reason.
Those exoskeletons are made of chitin. Chitin is a carbohydrate. It doesn't really have much to do with calcium.
That's what happens when you keep telling a whole generation that it's their fault for having accumulated large amounts of debt, that they should have just chosen a "productive" degree and not something "useless" like Litterature or History.

Gen Z is meant to be a productive generation, not an educated one. To hell with concepts such as upstanding citizens, as long as they are obedient at work :)
Maybe there's another part that leads to this. The world is rapidly growing in complexity, so people may not know exactly what to do after finishing high school. Anecdotally, I found that to be the case in germany.

We get state-funded universities and people often start over in a different subject after realizing they didn't pick the correct one the first time around. I did that too. My and my friends' parents said this was very uncommon in their time, usually due to financial considerations.

I could definitely imagine that there's a similar situation in the US. You get to pick once and if you pick wrong, it's worse than not going to college at all.

Any other input on that? Mine is purely anecdotal and I didn't find any hard data to support or disprove my theory.
Survivorship bias. Extremely small percentage of those who are doing social media are actually making money.
> 80k invested at 18 and getting 10% returns like in the stock market is $1 million at age 45. At 65 it’s $7 million dollars. The math on college doesn’t even beat the stock market.

This isn't the alternative for most people. There isn't an option to get a mix of 80k in federal and non-federal students loans to throw into the stock market. The real question is, for most people, does it make sense to take on ~80k in student loans and go to school for 4-5 years, or should you try to immediately enter the job market.

Plus, expecting 10% real returns, year after year, in some chosen passive fund is unrealistic modeling.
HTML pages that support U+F0027
Your statistic is even more misleading because in the non-graduates category you are lumping in people that couldn't make it to college even if they wanted.

The relevant comparison is graduates versus people that voluntarily skipped college even though they could get a degree if they chose so.
> I don't have the link to the github issue handy, but I remember that the key was to ask for a lower version of python and then supply the `--force-reinstall` param. The fact that it only happened to some students was evidence that conda wasn't as hermetically sealed as nix.

Conda can be a bit fiddly, it makes life much easier if you specify the required version of python when you create a new environment.

>I know that conda lets users do this too, but I don't think that the environments compose as well as they do with nix.

Yes, though we find Conda great for most of our use cases, we still have to resort to creating containers.
I'm 99% sure, the author has never done any completed / published non trivial game...

.. because doing lock-free programming is least of problems when creating games.
Iain McGilchrist puts the matter of our lopsided repertoire of metaphors for the brain well in The Master and His Emissary (apologies for the lengthy quote):

> This leads to a fundamental point about any attempt to understand the brain. It is a particularly acute case of the problems encountered in understanding anything.
The nature of the attention one brings to bear on anything alters what one finds; what we aim to understand changes its nature with the context in which it lies; and we can only ever understand anything as a something.

> There is no way round these problems—if they are problems. To attempt to detach oneself entirely is just to bring a special kind of attention to bear which will have important consequences for what we find. Similarly we cannot see something without there being a context, even if the context appears to be that of ‘no context’, a thing ripped free of its moorings in the lived world. That is just a special, highly value-laden kind of context in itself, and it certainly alters what we find, too. Nor can we say that we do not see things as anything at all—that we just see them, full stop. There is always a model by which we are understanding, an exemplar with which we are comparing, what we see, and where it is not identified it usually means that we have tacitly adopted the model of the machine.

> <…>

> Such considerations apply to the attempt to understand anything at all. But when we come to look at what we refer to as brain functions, there is a problem of a wholly different order. We are not ‘just’ looking at things in the world—a lump of rock, or even a person—but the processes whereby the world itself, together with the rock or the person, might be brought into being for us at all, the very foundations of the fact of our experience, including any idea we might have about the nature of the world, and the nature of the brain, and even the idea that this is so. If it is true that attention changes the nature of what we find, how do we decide the most appropriate attention for that? One that tries to ignore the inwardness of experience? What possible context is there in which to place the foundations of experience of all contexts whatever? And what kind of a thing are we to see it ‘as’? The answer is far from obvious, but in the absence of an attempt to address the question we do not give no answer. We answer with the model we understand—the only kind of thing we can ever fully understand, for the simple reason that we made it: the machine.
This is a green heron since the issue at hand isn't "oh but you can study without a diploma", the issue is "you won't be taken seriously because you don't have credentials" e.g. piece of paper.
You usually don't have 80k lying around at 18, and nobody is going to loan you 80k to invest them (and even if they would, the interest would fundamentally change your calculation). And 10% returns is rather optimistic, though the number I've seen most often in these kinds of calculations is 6-7%, so it's not that far off.

So this comparison doesn't really make much sense as those students simply don't have the money to invest in stocks instead. The opportunity costs here are the wages they could earn in the meantime.
Safely executing LLM-generated SQL
I imagine also applies when a person declares bankruptcy. Bank will repossess the home, resell it, if it incurred any damages after charging hefty interest it will get the money from taxpayers (ie from the government).
Probably even hotter days, though cooler nights.
I put things like that in a separate namespace. If my namespace is Foobar I'll have a Foobar.Impl namespace.

One of the lessons I've learned is that very little needs to be private, and there's a lot of advantage of not having things private.

Putting that in a clearly defined namespace allows access when needed, for testing or workarounds, while conveying the needed "if you use this you're on your own".
Isn't this a solved problem with LSP?

You can have access to the same navigation tricks as VS Code in any editor that supports it.

If you just prefer IDEs or you have some other interesting tools you want then fair enough, but navigation? That shouldn't be a motivator any more.
Not really, that bottom third is the third who shouldn't go to college, and there are ways of knowing whether your child is in that bottom third before they spend $200,000 doing it.
>The world is rapidly growing in complexity

Only if you work in stuff like tech, but the world still needs many other jobs like plumbers, police officers, etc. who's jobs don't change that fast.
> 1.74% of total water on earth

That is still a lot of water, and the phase change is a terrific heat reservoir. It takes a comparable amount of energy to melt water from -1 to 1 degrees, as it does to bring the water from 1 degrees up to 99 degrees.
A Flower with Four Petals
The juicy bits that define business needs can be quite obvious and thus not need comments.
Didn't the same thing happen to one of his relatives/descendants at a hotel in California? One guy went down for it but there were multiple firings from seperate angles and placements and witnesses reported hearing multiple shots from different orientations?
Yes, because of NIMBYism. Existing property owners benefit from an undersupply of housing, so they lobby for restrictions in order to reduce competition which would drive down prices and rents.
Quite the US centred topic as university costs a fortune here.
Paul Graham substantially shaped both cultures from what I gather. So hardly shocking if something once common here was also common there.