skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
std::variant is a poor imitation. The C++ type system can't really do this, so it's contorted to try to get as close as we can, and the results aren't pretty.

1. Consider this Rust type: enum InvisibleDog { } - this is an Empty Type, there are no Invisible Dogs, Rust is OK with the existence of this type, although since it's uninhabited there can be no instances (and the type accordingly has no size, not zero size, no size at all). Such types don't make a whole lot of sense concretely, but they're crucial to good generic programming.

In C++ we can't have such a type, the closest we can attempt is a std::variant whose only actual variant is valueless_by_exception and has a size of at least 1 byte. This is a disaster because it completely fails to achieve what we meant.

2. OK how about enum JustOneByte { Byte(u8) } - this type is as its name suggests, just a byte, Rust's u8 type. Its representation is accordingly one byte.

But with std::variant we can't do that either, C++ has to account for valueless_by_exception and so it has to carry around a discriminator, so that it can discriminate between Byte, the only actual possible value of this type, and valueless_by_exception. As a result in C this type is larger than its "real" content, which is just one byte.

3. We can't do the guaranteed niche optimisation either. Rust's Option is literally just a sum type. It's not magic (in that sense, it's effectively a langitem so it is magic in some other ways). But despite the lack of magic Option<&T> is guaranteed to be the same size as &T is thanks to the guaranteed niche optimisation. C++ can't do that either.
That makes sense - if you keep data in something like ndjson and don't require any order.

If you need order then probably writing to separate files and having compaction jobs is still better.
Except Leica also makes an entire model option (a few in fact) that also minimize or eliminate any branding.
Yeah, this is the only thing I don't like. Having it readily available as a module import would not change anything (except one line of code) and it feels more decoupled. But in practice I don't see a huge difference, it's not like it's polluting the global namespace with dozens of functions.
I'm very confused, why is this so upvoted, someone mind explaining?
Why does Snowden's character even matter? He's not the story and his personal qualities aren't relevant to the discussion. He could be a neo-Nazi and a child murderer and it still wouldn't change anything about the facts of mass surveillance.

Every second that we spend debating whether or not Edward Snowden is a good person is a second that we're not asking hard questions about the nature of our relationship with the state. Almost as if that's the whole point.
A former coworker got hired as a young company's DBA. They were more-or-less in the manufacturing space but with an internet sales channel. They had set up cubicles on the factory floor, with a "break room" on the floor consisting of a couple of vending machines with picnic tables. He wasn't getting anything done, what with the constant noise of pneumatic equipment and beeping of fork-lift trucks, plus the constant sweating from not having air conditioning.

He gave notice after a week, and one of the founders took him aside and asked why. Turned out he was their third DBA in a couple of months and they didn't understand why they were all leaving on such short notice. He was pretty gentle in letting them know...
Compared to Objective-C native mac app.
> of the Weimar Republic isn't a great...

Yes and no. A nation like the UK can afford to pay any one doctor millions of pounds. But that solution scales poorly to a national level. And worse if you try to scale it to all the other sorts of essential workers. And when an extremely large, complex system is wretchedly mismanaged - paying the guys in the trenches 10X does not fix that. For example, many of the UK's public buildings were built with "RAAC", and are at risk of collapse: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/sep/04/raac-crisis-...

Meanwhile - a rather large number of HNer's seem to disagree with you about the virtues of those "efficient market forces" when it comes to health care. Perhaps discuss it with them here? - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37398504
WallPanel: Android App for Web Based Dashboards and Home Automation Platforms
It's also a reason for distributing software under a Free license. If people who use your software want to try running against a different libc or different versions of other dependencies, why not let them? You can always say you only support binaries that you distribute.
With S3 you can do something similar my misusing the multiparty upload functionality, e.g.:
https://github.com/fsspec/s3fs/blob/fa1c76a3b75c6d0330ed03c4...
China Decides iPhones Pose a National Security Risk
Ask HN: How to Validate Startup Ideas
I have recently started a blog series to explore the role of AI in startups. Everything from how AI can augment startups in their journey to whether AI can start a startup...

If you are a founder who launched a startup product, I would love to hear from you. In my next post, I am writing about "How to validate startup ideas". I'm reaching out to founders to help me answer some questions.

You can answer here on DM on Twitter @helghardt.

1. How did you decide what to work on in the beginning?

2. Were you solving your own problem? If not, what did you do to better understand the problem/domain?

3. Looking back what was the high-level process/steps to validate your startup idea? How long did each phase take?

4. Did the thing you originally set out to work on change? In what way?

5. What approach did you use for defining your target customer?

6. How did you find and engage with your target customer?

7. What did you measure to help you validate the value proposition?

8. How much of your validation was a gut feeling vs. actual data?

9. Did you create what customers asked, or did you land on a need that customers didn’t even know they wanted?

10. How did you approach validating your growth thesis? 11. What tools did you use, how long did it take, what worked?

12. How long did it take to validate your startup idea altogether?

13. In hindsight, what do you think could have helped you to save time?

14. What tools did you use in the process of validating your startup idea?

15. Did you build anything to help you validate your startup idea by getting early user feedback? How much time did you spend on your early MVPs before getting it in the hands of potential customers?

16. What was your biggest hurdle in validating your startup idea?

17. What aspects of the startup validation phase did you automate? If you did it now, what would you consider to automate?

18. What did you do in the startup validation phase that you think is outside of the typical advice?

19. What did you do in the process to validate your startup idea that you believe an AI would never have been able to do?

If you have any suggestions on questions that I should add or tweak, please drop a comment.
There is s3fs-fuse as well for AWS S3. https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse

It even supports GCS (as GCS has S3 compatible API)

https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/wiki/Google-Cloud-Sto...
>Because this would create an environment where an ethical alternative could appear.

That's exactly like saying "if we remove this dictator form this middle eastern warzone, a peaceful and ethical leader will naturally replace him".

No mate, you'll get no ethical alternative, instead Google and friends will immediately take over the power vacuum left by Microsoft before any start-up can even begin hiring.
Catastrophic Forgetting
I think the incentives are more aligned than you think. Healthy land is productive land. Look at the adoption of no-till farming, cover cropping, crop rotation, etc. Plus inputs like fertilizer and pesticide is expensive.

I think a lot more is wasted by the millions of smallholder turfgrass farmers in the suburbs than major food producers.
That's the problem with "secret" agencies: you don't know they're effective because they don't publish what they know or what they prevented.

You hear about successful lone wolves, they become national news. You don't hear about the people that were taken in for questioning after posting a threatening message on the internets, which flags up in the FBI's systems right away.

There's plenty of news of intercepted drug shipments. This is actually an example of the inverse, because you'll never hear about the ones that do get across. I'm sure there's a lot more that comes through compared to what is intercepted though, else they wouldn't try it.

Nord Stream was known in advance; US intelligence was aware of the attack and warned Ukraine not to go through with it: https://nos.nl/nieuwsuur/artikel/2478802-us-warned-ukraine-n...

The spy balloons were detected the second they took off from China. NORAD had eyes on them from launch.

I'm not sure why Covid is in your list.

Anyway, tl;dr, the very nature of this means you won't hear what's being prevented until maybe years later as things are declassified.
Building a ChatGPT Plugin for Ad Copy Generation: Need Your Insights
People found this interesting.

People upvoted.
Hey HN community,

I'm in the midst of developing a plugin that leverages ChatGPT to generate ad copies. The unique feature? All you need to provide is the URL of your landing page, and it'll craft the copy for you.

I'm genuinely curious about your experiences:

Your Ad Copy Journey: What's your story with ad copywriting? Any memorable challenges or successes?
Pain Points: What hurdles do you often face when crafting the perfect ad copy?
Wishlist: If you could have any feature in an ad copy generation tool, what would it be?
Your insights will be invaluable in shaping this tool to be as useful as possible for the community. Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!
Ordered from Amazon, thx.
I'm guessing other people found it intellectually stimulating.
Not only that, I actually clicked to read the article!
> And I hope the future holds some kind of synthesis of these strategies.

My guess is that by June 19, 2024 we'll be able to take 3596.6 megabytes of descriptive text about President Abraham Lincoln and do something cool with it.
Roku to Lay Off 10% of Staff
>Because the whole history of Microsoft is based on the EEE paradigm.

As opposed to the likes of Meta, Apple, Google who operate on the peaceful cooperation and charity paradigm?

Does it look like to you that the other companies got so dominant by not using EEE?
This is a joke. You don’t “level up beyond ETL” by speeding up SQL queries. In fact, there’s pretty much nothing about ETL in that article.
Great read. Surprised to read Wolfram never actually got to use CYC. Anyone here who has and can talk about its capabilities?
It's actually the first time I hear of "Samsung Internet Browser".
That's only for Gmail, outlook.com, and samsung browser. It is possible to argue that these are not gateways without mental gymnastics.

It is fairly easy to migrate out of Gmail and outlook to another email provider. Not self host, but that's a different issue.

Samsung browser... Don't know any sites which only work in Samsung browser.
She has a novel shelter structure too.

(Have watched 12+ seasons of Alone. If you want to dip your toes in, seasons 6 and 7 are great, 3 and 8 half decent too. The Australian season is a bit miserly, while the UK version just finished was fairly budget/amateur.)
> There is a learning curve to 3D printing. It might be the steepest factor here, in fact.

I love CAD but man do I hate 3D printing. It's a type of device that seems to have been invented to illustrate Murphy's law that "anything that can go wrong, will go wrong".

The print nozzle gets clogged. Every. Time. The filament breaks at the worst possible position and requires some disassembly to remove. The printing stops for no reason in the middle of a long print. The plate is never exactly even. You forgot to leave the wire spool with enough free spinning and when the machine pulls on the wire it makes the spool fall, itself pulling the whole machine down with it as a vengeance.

And of course, it takes hours.

I have been much more lucky with external providers that you can send your file to, and they send an object back. It's often expensive and takes even longer than doing it at home (days vs hours), but there's no price for peace of mind.
I wish somebody built a version of the article you linked where you can actually click on the tunes he mentions and play them. Talking about music without being able to hear it is a bit... dry (I never had a C64, I upgraded from the Atari 800 to the Amiga, so I'm not that into SID chiptunes).
The passport control officers care, yes. That's their job.

Once it got escalated past them, onto Putin's desk, Snowden wasn't going anywhere. Why would he let a juicy trading chip like that go?
Well GPT-4 is very expensive (though that could change)

Less so than hiring a human but not cheap enough that you’d want it to automatically translate long websites as a browser extension or anything like that
I really enjoyed playing with BertViz. Another similar visual exploration tool I found recently is in Edwin Chen's blog. I am pretty sure this is the best explanation of LSTM. I think more tutorials should use this visual approach.

http://blog.echen.me/2017/05/30/exploring-lstms/

There is also https://playground.tensorflow.org/
In what sense is 'downgrade' not just that prepared ahead of time? Or do you just not like the name?

Of course usually it would be followed by something that fixes it 'properly' - applying the original 'upgrade' again but with some correction, but typically that'll take longer than reverting to the previous version, and given it's gone wrong you'll probably want to take longer with it, test more, restore confidence.
What a strange comment. Don’t buy if you don’t want it. Develop a free alternative if you are passionate about it.
But just complaining like this? Is it considered dirty to sell something now? At least it’s not a subscription.
I thought iMessage would totally be designated a gatekeeper status.

I guess it's still in investigation, and being fair, it's not as popular a messaging application as it is in the USA where it would absolutely needs to be forced to open up. Just not as bad an issue in Europe I guess.
As a lay-person, can I just say I appreciated the accessible writing style. Thanks!
Modern phones come with 8GB of RAM, if you close a bunch of background apps it should deal with VS Code just fine.

I wouldn't even try it on a budget device, but high end Androids should run this more than well enough.
how is guile for scripting? how well does it interact with other programs (running them, getting their output, piping to them, etc)
I’ve observed the same phenomenon with fine-tuning LLMs and I thought it was pretty strange but so far as I could tell other people were observing the same thing but mostly not commenting on it. The conclusion I’d draw is that you’re not going to benefit greatly from adding more data when your model behaves like this.

Overconfidence bugs moe because if you want to turn predictions into decisions and actions you have to be calibrated. I’ve found that some of these models that look like they are over fitting on loss are actually still improving on AUc (matters to me more than accuracy) and I can put a calibrator after the model to get the results I want.

(Still, for my current problem which has noisy labels, I find embedding + classical ML performs as well and takes a fraction of the time as fine tuning and clearly shows benefit trained on more examples than FT does. If I was going to do more model engineering on this problem I would probably resort to “stacking”)
That's actually a good analogy, because the pictures of food on fast food menus are still useful in most cases. You can see the lettuce poking out and ask for it to be removed, or ask for extra cheese.

The way a book is advertised absolutely tells you about the book, in most cases. There is a series of thought and decisions which go into making a cover, including finding a compatible artist and giving them a solid brief.

As with fast food, there are exceptions... But they are exceptions. It may be more of an heuristic than a rule, but it's undoubtedly often useful. The cover is part of the book, and an important part; both up to and beyond the advertisement.
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From that post:
As NSA General Counsel Stewart Baker has said, “metadata absolutely tells you everything about somebody’s life. If you have enough metadata, you don’t really need content.”
Yup. It's not a fair game. Or at least it benefits young people or people with loose family ties.
I had opportunities there but being from another continent, seeing my family once a year wasn't enough. With kids and a significant other that has even stronger ties to their family, it is impossible.
I think it wouldn't necessarily hurt the kids...but my partner wouldn't find work in the US and it would be a dent in their career.

Long story short like what others above say: If your team is good and your working conditions are good and you make good money in your country...maybe look at the bright side and not be envious of others.

I realized I make good money for here, have no management responsibility. Can work from home and basically as flexibly as I want to. All this ALREADY is a great gift. Don't need to dream of some FANG salary. I'm a big part of my kids' early lives instead of studying leet code questions.
> be the firefighter who is also an arsonist

I'm afraid this describes the majority of busy work in many industries including so-called software engineering. It's the most impressive Rube Goldberg machine of global proportions, where the major time-consuming problems are often self-inflicted, intricately constructed to seem like a solution but is actually a generator of problems, which conveniently sustain the careers of countless managers, hapless subordinates, and the economy involving the industry.

> The more I've focused on this, the better the rewards, the product be damned.

That's something I'm learning, is that it's not enough or even as important to be technically excellent. What matters is how one adapts and fits into the social dynamics and politics within the organization.
Chemists develop new way to split water
Only if there were no changes to the data.
An Android phone or tablet with Dex can make for an excellent laptop replacement if you hook up a keyboard and a mouse.
And Bob Rivers' "Windows 95 sucks"
Jerry Coyne's blog: https://whyevolutionistrue.com/
Rosemary Kennedy is an especially horrendous example. She was not at all disabled but was having behavioural issues (maybe due to depression) and they arranged for her to have a lobotomy which was the snake-oil-du-jour and it went terribly wrong (though one wonders how a lobotomy can go right) leaving her in a most dreadful state.
If you’re purposefully avoiding DOs, then yes, it’s going to be hard to find a doctor.

They take the same licensing exams, and the same residencies.
It does not. Consider using services like Amazon Kinesis Firehose, which can buffer and batch logs, then periodically write them to S3.
Over fitting literally means what it says, fitting the training data too well to maintain a well formed function.

This is many decades old terminology for a well established effect that occurs for all curve fitting, function approximation, parameter optimizing, and model training algorithms.

You can Google it with no other context: “over fitting”. [0]

“Confidence” isn’t its name and its meaning has nothing to do with the effect.

Nothing wrong with making up terminology for new effects, but this one is an oldie.

[0] https://www.google.com/search?q=over+fitting&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF...
0 European companies named.
Show HN: Slashjobs – remote dev jobs aggregator with and/or/not filters
People wondering why this is on Hacker News - probably the fascinating part is how a relatively complex 7 word phrase in English translates idiomatically into a 2 word phrase in Latin.
Litestar 2.0 Release
Unfortunately, Android runs in a VM now, too. In many tasks, I've gotten better performance from Linux apps than Android counterparts.

There's also the fact that the Android VM can't do certain things that Android phones and tablets can. As an example, files management in the Android VM is so bad that I lost access to standard access for months due to a bug...

Also, the Android environment is all the way back on version 11. If your theory is correct, that Google wants to move third-party developers to Android, then they're doing a terrible job of it. Android devs haven't and won't target all these outdated devices.

I believe Chromeos is becoming an enterprise/edu only platform. That would explain the (new) lack of interest in development and focus on security at the cost of all functionality. This is a new development and wasn't "always" the case as you claim, because many of these apis are as old as Chromeos itself (10-ish years).
Heh.

I was more hoping OpenAI would incorporate inference engines to cure ChatGPT's "hallucinations". Such that it'd "know" bad sex isn't better than good sex, despite the logic.

PS- I haven't actually asked ChatGPT. I'm just repeating a cliché about the limits of logic wrt the real world.
I’m surprised myself, but I found it interesting to see how the sentence got compressed to only 2 words in Latin.
Yeah, if US would care about free market, iMessage would be an issue.

But in EU it doesn't really (yet) have such a big market share.

Although I do hope they conclude that iMessage needs to be an interoperable service - basic human communication services shouldn't be constrainted to a single electronics device brand.
bro living in 2020
We don’t need technology, this is entirely a legal problem.
> "not to let planes ... enter airspace"

How?