skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This is cryptography 101. Asymmetric crypto lets you encrypt a message using a public key without having the private key to decrypt it.

Remember that the encryption is being done client side by apps these networks control. E2E is therefore sort of fake to begin with because WhatsApp is not only the servers but also the client. You can't mix and match, so you have to encrypt messages using software provided to you by the "adversary". E2E encryption is therefore more of a tool to control bad insiders and negotiate with governments than encryption as conventionally understood.

Also remember that tech firms run the public key directory. Almost nobody verifies public keys, and even if they did, they're doing so with apps controlled by the tech firms so you can't know the verification is done properly anyway. And the keys can change at any moment, with your own way to know it's happened being UI controlled by the tech firms.

Still, even if clients and servers were separate, nothing stops clients from encrypting messages using a well known government public key and attaching that along with the e2e encrypted version.
I know it's appropriate, my question was if it was intended by OP ;)
> The problem with a police state is that state violence becomes a way to exercise political power.

The historical evidence shows that countering a police state / authoritative government with violence/force is less effect than with non-violence:

* https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/44096650

Since 1900, if a movement used violence in their methods for change they had a success rate of 25%; movements with non-violence had success 40% of the time. Further, most movements who did use violence to have a 'change of government' were much more likely to end up with authoritative government.
Try nitter: https://nitter.net/drunduk/status/1697337743708475767
When I read "social life of some dumb animal", I immediately thought of a rental Lambo and some TikTok stories
I expect to hear about the fallout of crate.io's decision to not use namespaces and have no procedures to claim names for several years to come. Its not like they weren't warned this would happen, or that there was prior experience with exactly this kind of issue (just ask the Maven team).
We agree that neither of us know what the possible aim is in this excavation.

They should note the conditions they found the corpses in if they are doing this, with citations to why they think the conditions were like that, but I don't see why they're doing this. The argument that they could always learn more works just as well as a justification for digging up bodies buried in our lifetime too, some of which are also undocumented burials.

>I'm far happier seeing Europeans digging up the graves of their own ancestors on their own grounds

That's an improvement, but then taking pictures of the bodies and publishing them in American publications with a worldwide audience makes it nearly as bad. A Polish person making a spectacle out of a Polish corpse is better than a British person doing it, but they're pretty similar.
A few months ago, I have become member of a farming co-op just 8 minutes biking from where I live (in the Netherlands). The co-op aims at sustainable food production with some livestock. Increasing bio-diversity is one of the primary goals. The co-op leases about 30ha hectares which in the past decades were primarily used for producing corn to feed cows. There are about 18 farming co-ops like this in the Netherlands [1]. I very much enjoy helping with the weeding.

[1] https://www.herenboeren.nl/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Herenb...
At first it will feel like it doesn't matter. Then it will feel like it's all that matters. Then it will feel like it sometimes matters.
To simplify without oversimplifying: Modern nuclear plants can change between 30% and 100% of nameplate capacity within half an hour, and that's how they operate in France for instance. While coal plants might rev up from 75% to 100% in a twice-daily shift change, but are clearly not set up to run at minimal loads.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load-following_power_plant#Nuc...
Not a proof of work but rather the only way things could have been done way back when and hurdles for change being high.
> ARM is making peanuts

ARM is a fabless pure play IP house. The big bucks are not in IP design but in manufacture.
> GDPR cookie banners are a joke

Many of the sites actually don't require cookie notifications because strictly necessary cookies^ are GDPR compliant but they still display the notification. In theory if cookie notifications were omitted when possible then sites who track more than needed would stick out immediately.

^ Strictly necessary cookies are essential for websites to provide basic functions or to access particular features of it. Such features include the ability to sign in, add items to your cart in an online store, or purchase stuff on the internet.
> 20 years ago it was impossible to buy a PC, especially a laptop, without MS Windows : today there are several suppliers: System76, LaptopWithLinux, TuxedoComputers, to name but a few.

Buying components and assembling them yourself has always been an option for desktops (and IMO the best one). For laptops, I bought a Dell with Linux ~15 years ago - not quite 20 but close enough.

> It is only in the last few years (less than 10) that Linux is perfectly usable on the desktop, so I don't care what decision MS will take for Windows, it is irrelevant if you have other options. For office suites we have: LibreOffice, OnlyOffice, FreeOffice

Linux has been a perfectly usable desktop OS for a long time. I know because I have been using it for well over 10 years and have not missed the sorry excuse for a OS that is Windows.

If anything, there are certain actors trying to lock down Linux to build their own walled garden. Of course being open source makes this harder but they do try and with hardware-backed crypto requirements may eventually succeed - source won't help you if whatever you build with it won't match the whitelisted checksums.

> There are many messaging apps and protocols that are decentralised and resistant to censorship.

Which is an improvement on a single Gaim/Pidgin being able to connect to all networks you can think of? We hardly need more messaging protocols and apps.
Those 5 workers are supporting that retiree, themselves, and other non-workers like children or people with severe disabilities. (This is important to keep in mind, because if you compare the ratios without it it looks a lot more dramatic)
The comedy writes itself.

All of the complaints listed here (hot weather, shit-tier public transit, etc) were true of Austin prior to the Great Migration.

Everyone wanted in though because Austin is the first place people think of when they think of Texas, it's the only major city in Texas with rolling hills, it's perceived as the only non-conservative city in Texas (it is not), 6th St and Barton Springs are fun, and Texas has no income tax and cheap real estate.

Now that real estate prices in Austin are significantly higher than they were in the past, a self-induced problem BTW!, and the Real Texas Heat™ has finally come, folks want to move back. (Property tax rates in Texas have always been high, and they only go up every year.)

Austin was always a small town with Texas government and a huge school with a huge American football team (UT Austin). I don't think it was designed with the explosive growth that it has seen in the last 15 years.

Its road design is proof of this. US Interstate 35 cuts right through town and it only has one partial ring road (TX-130). It also has the MoPAC (TX-1), though that expanded and, consequently, became a partial toll road.

Compare this with Houston, where I live. It has three huge interstates going through it (US I-10 east-west; US-45 north-south; Texas I-69/US Hwy 59 SW-NE), one huge and constantly problematic interstate beltway (US I-610) and two state ring roads (TX-8; TX-99). It is designed to accommodate and move a significant population (or significant freight, which it does also).

Austin has always been overrated IMO.

Houston is way bigger, more liberal and diverse (in every dimension, not just race, but it is extremely racially-integrated) than Austin has ever been and has a world-class food scene but gets 1/10th of the hype because...actually, I have no idea why?

Dallas is also way bigger than Austin and actually has a tech scene of sorts (though it is old and enterprise-y) along with more moderate (but still hot) weather but didn't boom like Austin did. Why?
Starfield bugs are a part of the experience, says Bethesda exec
I so wish they remade the Portal games for 64-bit macOS!
“Need[ing] something highly customized” is not some uncommon occurrence for your end users. It’s an inevitability for a large portion of them.

Give me some well supported libraries in common general purpose languages to do this, codegen is pretty good these days and supporting 3 or 4 languages shouldn’t be an insurmountable achievement.
The other book on Haskell by Richard Bird is also excellent: Thinking Functionally with Haskell (https://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/publications/books/functional/).
You could make that argument about almost any criminal statute where the victim is a corporation of some sort. Another way to describe it is "private company gets a mechanism to deter people from taking the value they create without paying for it."
This was a fascinating read; good on the author for not losing her cool in that absurd two months. As a British citizen, though, there were a number of things that piqued my interest about the proceedings as described in Maryland and the USA in general.

- Why was the Maryland State Attorney so keen to continue with the prosecution, despite a hostile witness? In general, why do individuals and companies appear (to an outsider) to have so much influence in the USA to 'press charges'? From a theoretical perspective, it doesn't seem like there is any advantage to the criminal justice system in allowing people to persuade the prosecutors to open a case, since a large company like Comcast could churn out hundreds of vaguely plausible but socially inconsequential claims of fraud, when the prosecutors could surely find better things to spend their time on.

- Why is it possible to attempt to 'avoid being served' at all? I can't see anything wrong with receiving the notice by mail like any other correspondence. Are police officers in the USA really expected to just drive around as glorified (and armed, for that matter) postmen for the prosecutor's notices of petty criminal charges?

- Finally, and, for me, most importantly, how could the author have acquired a criminal record from a case that was dropped prior to a trial, let alone a conviction? It seems really dodgy that, in order to 'expunge' the record of a crime that the state doesn't necessarily think occurred, you have to agree to indemnify a third party from your claims of damages when that third party had no involvement originally except to initially report the 'crime', and even more so in this case, as the author opens by noting that there wasn't even a contractual relationship between them!

I'm under no pretence that my own country's judiciary is perfect, but it appears to me that the USA has a number of bizarre procedural bottlenecks that could be fixed with little more than a stroke of a pen. That begs the question: who stands to gain from this? Eagerly awaiting responses from knowledgable and/or wise Americans!
This was a great essay.

I really liked his summary:

> A Californian optimist would say that we’ll age out of this. The policy class that got their staff to print their emails will age out and be replaced by the generation that grew up sending emojis, and understands that tech policy is just as nuanced, complex and full of trade-offs as healthcare, transport or housing policy. A European would ask how well California handles healthcare, transport or housing.
> Waitstaff who pick your card up off the table and disappear with it for several minutes, the employee you hand the card to at a drive thru window

Is this a real thing? Germany is horribly behind on payment options, but even we have mobile terminals that you yourself handle.
Film and chemicals more available again ? They've never been hard to get, at least here in France. They are just WAY more expensive now as they are popular amongst younger photographers who don't mind over paying common vintage cameras and 30euros for 36 pictures to be shot/developped/scanned.
Economists could gain a lot of credibility in my mind if they were to take a superorganism approach inspired by ecology or biology.

As things stand they're more like tumor promotors.
They aren't? Well I guess then WASM doesn't matter, as there's no problem to solve.
having grown up around farms,

It's not roaming cattle...it's a mix of animals that contain cattle as in:
-some cattle
-some goats
-some pigs
-some chickens

Some solar farms already use goats in the USA to keep grass and weeds down...the group of animals together has some benefits as opposed to focusing on one group of animals alone....too long of an biology ecology lesson to put here...but you can go to your local land grant university ecology department and ask them to explain it to you as it is a fascinating subject and kissing cousin to why vertical farming never ever is sound from an investment money stand point.
I am one of the early KS backers also, and have had mine since about a year I guess. He has been persistent, that is for sure.

And I'm glad to see its shipping. Mine is a curio now, I don't really need it - but its fun to use for debugging occasionally.
Wouldn't the earth actually release more energy than it absorbs?

My thinking is that the energy that got absorb in other processes such a photosynthesis is a delayed release.

The energy released must have some time delay. Maybe it all averages out overtime.

Difficult problem I wonder if it is worth answering.
> The current maintainer continues to apply pull requests and makes regular releases, but unfortunately has no capacity to do any development beyond addressing high-impact issues.

Assuming this is true--and I think it is fair to trust the author of the statement when judging the same author--this doesn't sound like a project that needs a fork, as it apparently in fact does have an active maintainer; if you want to help contribute to sshfs, you thereby can do that without forking it and causing a mess for everyone having to decide which one to use/ship and without the bad blood inherent in resorting to the four-letter F-word of open source project management.
I read this on repec a few months ago. Interesting seeing it here.

A better title:

Economist points out some economists had been using a dodgy source; cites other economists who had pointed this out adding to literature of checking citations and a growing body of literature on checking claims in economic history in particular [editorial: as these feed into pop science years down the road]
It seems like the answer is to make a game out of it, and invite geo-guessers to participate.. although, it'd be hard to score since you don't know what the correct answer is. Maybe make it a crowd-source webapp..
Geowizard will always have my heart on those. It's true he's not as extremely good as the current leaderboard, but he's also good at these adjacent topics such as finding the location of historical photos, locating fan-submitted challenge selfies etc. And I mean, no one would come up with the scheme of crossing countries in a straight line without a pretty passionate love of geography.
It was an initiative from our group CIO to reduce the number if different architectures.

Uptime requirements did not change. There was just a very strong desire to ditch the mainframes ... and a long and painful way there.
Good, it seems people can't stand it if software just exists and does its job and doesn't get new commits each month.
In terms of accuracy loss, it's also worth considering what additional conceptual matches are available that aren't with keyword search.

In terms of performance, vector search is definitely slow but it's come a long way. There are a number of solid 384 dimension models that work well.
You are talking about the meaningfulness/meaninglessness of the Business/Technology Objective itself. That aspect is certainly relevant and can be Bullshit (eg. companies selling Scrum master/Agile coach certifications :-) but in the context of this thread we are talking about the bullshit jobs created within an organization in the bureaucratic/administrative/managerial/leadership "roles". This is what is more insidious and needs to be rebelled against.

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullshit_Jobs :

... as he describes, five types of entirely pointless jobs: ... 5. Taskmasters, who create extra work for those who do not need it, e.g., middle management, leadership professionals.

In companies, he concludes that the rise of service sector jobs owes less to economic need than to "managerial feudalism", in which employers need underlings in order to feel important and maintain competitive status and power.

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullshit_job :

Graeber also formulated the concept of bullshitization, where previously meaningful work turns into a bullshit job through corporatization, marketization or managerialism.
It can be checked if the model predicts canonical solutions from humaneval. I understand it is not ideal, but at least you can check it yourself

There are a bunch of other benchmarks too, check out the page https://huggingface.co/smallcloudai/Refact-1_6B-fim

Also, feel free to run any new benchmarks
> If a company have the means to decrypt a particular users data, they have the ability to decrypt all users data.

The messaging company can embed the police's encryption key in the app but not have possession of the corresponding decryption key.

> exceptions to privacy have always led to a slippery slope

That's a reasonable argument. But to the GP's point, thats not a technical argument. Its just another argument that the policy is bad for normal "bad policy" reasons. It has nothing to do with the math.
> All late-era DOS stuff, and Windows >= 3.x, Mac OS X and ~all Linux GUIs are compliant.

CUA was "influenced" by the old Mac OS Human Interface Guide mid/end 80s.

The influence on macOS (as it is called now) is tiny. macOS is mostly not compliant.
Show HN: Specfy – Stack Intelligence Platform
Hey HN, I'm Samuel, founder of Specfy.

Very excited to be launching Specfy, an open source platform to improve the way we talk about infrastructure and technology inside our organizations (https://github.com/specfy/specfy).

During my time at Algolia --and previous--, I often felt the communication around production, tech choices and infrastructure was messy at best. Trying to understand how various components came together across teams or sifting through documentation scattered everywhere left me thinking there had to be a better way. Almost nobody, from engineering to C-level, could entirely list what was currently in production, how it was built and, sometimes, why it was built. So, I decided to create something to address it.

Specfy is what came out of that frustration. It's a platform that ingest all your GitHub repositories and extracts metadata, to create a continuously updated infrastructure graph and tech stack documentation.

It's open source: https://github.com/specfy/specfy + https://github.com/specfy/stack-analyser

You can try it here: https://app.specfy.io/

Short demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DuMBEB0PLY

It’s an open beta and as a solo founder I had to make hard choices regarding what features would land on production right now, but I would love feedback from the Hacker News community. I’m sure this problematic will resonate to some of you.

Feel free to reach out to me samuel@specfy.io or contributes to the repositories.
I've used the Javascript debugger in Firefox to alter minified JS all the time. They can rename their methods all they want but without intentional obfuscation (in which case, fuck you) reading minified JS isn't really all that bad. Firefox even has some built-in detections of common web frameworks that work fine with most minified code.

We're going to need a pretty advanced WASM decompiler suite built into the browser before I'll accept it as just as opaque as Javascript.

I despise the WASM web application platform and its blatant <canvas> abuse. It's building a browser inside of a browser to save developers time, and every time web pages become slower and worse to use because of it. React (Native) did cross platform app+web development years ago without downloading several megabytes of executable blobs for every page you visit.

WASM is just Java applets and Flash embeds, but invented for the fourth time. They have the same problems and will inevitably cause the same slowdown and headaches a few years from how. The only difference for developers is that you can now use Rust to write them and that your users can't turn off loading your binary blobs.
That's the old status before being orphaned. The latest note at the top of the readme in the original repo reads:

> This project is no longer maintained or developed. Github issue tracking and pull requests have therefore been disabled. The mailing list (see below) is still available for use.

> If you would like to take over this project, you are welcome to do so. Please fork it and develop the fork for a while. Once there has been 6 months of reasonable activity, please contact Nikolaus@rath.org and I'll be happy to give you ownership of this repository or replace with a pointer to the fork.
Not quite accurate. Probably three 14-year-old boys:

"Our project is jointly developed by three developers: tjy-gitnub (junior 3), NB-group (preparatory), and 782 (junior 1)!"
Ford 021C Concept Car (1999)
I looked at this a few months ago. Elasticsearch has some limitations with respect to the vector length (1024, I think); which rules out using a lot of the popular off the shelf models. A key insight is that the performance of off the shelf models isn't great compared to a hand tuned query and bm25 (the Lucene ranking algorithm). I've seen multiple people make the point that the built in ranking is pretty hard to beat unless you specialize your models to your use case.

A key consideration for the vector size limitation is that storing and working with large amounts of huge vectors gets expensive quickly. Simply storing lots of huge embeddings can take up a lot of space.

And of course using knn with huge result sets is very expensive, especially if the vectors are large. Having the ability to filter down the result set with a regular query and then ranking the candidates with a vector query helps keep searches responsive and cost low.

If you are interested in this, you might want to look at Opensearch as well. They implemented vector search independently from Elasticsearch. Their implementation supports a few additional vector storage options and querying options via native libraries. I haven't used any of that extensively but it looks interesting.
ONS has been working hard in the UK to revise their method of assessing immigration numbers, after the previous system undercounted by at least 1.6m (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2021/06/24/eu-immigrati...).

Papua New Guinea’s population was significantly larger than thought - closer to 18 million than 9 million. (https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-11507443/amp/Papua-...)

Suffice to say, this is a problem us Economic Historians and many other social scientists have been aware of for some time.
Historically, census was typically done for taxation purposes. Kids, homeless etc was just not that relevant since households were taxed. Slaves counted as property, not persons.
Rock climbing!

I can't find the study right now, but I remember reading an ADHD treatment efficacy study, and was surprised to see rock climbing being compared to therapy and amphetamines. It works really well!

It's a documented treatment, it's fun, gets you exercise, and allows you to solve difficult and new novel problems every week.