skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> In a language without exceptions, anywhere you call something that can return an error, you have to explicitly do something with it, even if you're just returning it early (which you usually are)

No? You just have to indicate it may exist, which is desirable. When you get user by user id from the db, there may be no such user, or there could be a db connection issue. The function should indicate that and compiler should check that you're handling it, not pretend nothing can ever go wrong. (which is effectively the case when you're hiding the unhappy path with exceptions) And there is no such thing as "returning early". In functional programming there is usually a single return statement with a chain IO or Eithers or whatever chained together and they decide themselves where they short circuit, not one return statement for if there's an error and another for a happy path.

In my example, Either<Error, User> might be what's returned natively by a functional db library that doesn't throw exceptions

but in languages without exceptions, like Haskell, it'd look like this

queryItemByID :: IConnection conn => Int -> conn -> IO [[SqlValue]]
queryItemByID itemID conn = do
stmt <- prepare conn query
execute stmt [toSql itemID]
rows <- fetchAllRows stmt
return rows
where
query = unlines $ [ "SELECT fieldName, value FROM itemDataValues, itemData, fields WHERE",
"itemDataValues.valueID = itemData.valueID",
"and itemData.itemID = ?",
"and fields.fieldID = itemData.fieldID"
]

queryItemByID :: IConnection conn => Int -> conn -> IO [[SqlValue]]

> queryItemByID 5569 conn >>= mapM_ print
[SqlByteString "title",SqlByteString "From Stochastic Calculus to Mathematical Finance-Kabanov.pdf"]

No exceptions anywhere, and you don't have to do anything with any exceptions. You could just send this IO back up to the http layer of your app and turn it into a 400 or whatever on any error if you don't want to disambiguate between them or handle them.
You are referring to the Scots Wikipedia [1].

[1]: https://slate.com/technology/2020/09/scots-wikipedia-languag...
Awesome Penetration Testing
I’m pretty sure they mean for consumer accounts, not their own organizational logins.
police/feds will look for anything to get an edge to make cases easier for them
It doesn't matter. It's highly reproachable that they decided to use the money that people donated to help keep Wikipedia's lights on, on a political endeavour. It sends a clear signal to me to never, ever, give money to them again. It is infuriating to see your resources being employed on political causes that you fiercely oppose.
Article says what comes next is '3C rise by end of century.' What happens next is tipping points are crossed and then you get exponential growth...

https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2023/08/two-tipping-points....
> Having served 150kqps in the past as part of a very small team (3 back-end eng.), this isn't necessarily as big of a deal

I would love to see a blog post about your experience!
You're missing the point. ISPs did not build out their plants to support more bandwidth with Obama money. Serving a handful of remote areas to have the appearance of it isn't enough. Why isn't the US covered in fiber? We spent the money to make it happen, and it didn't happen.
> It should be punishable for a business to lie to you like this.

Agreed. Are there routes to sue these corporations? I think there are laws against financial decisions dependent on information provided by others.
True, I will agree with you on that, and I mean, Facebook uses GraphQL just as they intended it with Relay, what are they supposed to do if others just use it as a syntax instead?
My donations to the Wikipedia foundation should solely be used to support the Wikipedia platform.

I make donations to many different charities, but I do my own due diligence, in particular how much money actually goes to the cause in question, rather gets used to pay an expensive C-suite.
Because it’s funneling public funds into private hands. Funds that would previously have gone to the public schools. Now the public schools are worse and the private schools are elites only but also subsidized.
I'm from a guess culture. Then I went to an ask culture area for work (Coastal California). I had an under-powered, slow computer that I had to work on. When my manager found out, he was mad that I never said anything and that I never complained about it. I was shocked that he was mad. In the more rural area I was from, it would have been rude to complain about the tools that the company provided for you. You were told to just "suck it up", be quiet, and quit complaining. Those who complained too much were usually the first to get laid-off.
Why'd you leave?
> You're ignoring what might be the most important part - energy input

You're making the same mistake!

Most of the energy that goes into cows is used to maintain their homeostasis and move them around from one patch of grass to the next. Best case scenario, 20% of the energy makes it down the line - 5:1 calories consumed to calories provided. Compare to shrimp where the numbers are more like 2:1 and we've got a huge range of efficiencies just within the animal kingdom.

The problem isn't that the cow eats free from photosynthesizers, it's that they've had several hundred million years to evolve together. The dream is to eventually short circuit the process via engineering by feeding energy from solar inputs directly into producing edible muscle fiber.

It "just" that engineering something as efficient as evolution is really, really, REALLY hard.
It depends on the compiler really. C is nice is that you can choose a compiler fit for your purpose but it makes my next example harder to I'm going to discuss go. I was doing leetcode recently and one of the problems was to combine some set of sorted linked arrays into one bigger array. There are a few ways to do this but I ran two of them to see which was better.

1.) I select the lowest from the set of first elements in the arrays, add it to the end of my new list, then increment the iterator for that array.
2.) Dump all of them into one array then sort the new array entirely.

Surprisingly the second option was faster and didn't have a higher memory cost. From what I could tell this was because it used fewer memory allocations, could run better optimizations, and the standard library in go has a good sorting algorithm. One of the greatest skills I think we can develop as programmers is knowing when to trust the compiler and when not to.

All of this is to say I agree with you on principle but there is nuance and a degree to which we can trust the compiler, but only if we've chosen one that we are familiar with and that is well suited for the task at hand.
> You should do some napkin math to see if it’ll actually make a difference.

The napkin math says: 3900 employees. 400M is 2435x median income in the company, so that's $164k. So if we gave the CEO the same income as the median, and split the 400M across everybody else, they'd all have received a $102k bonus, a 62%-of-median-income bonus.

You tell me if a 62% bonus for the year would make any difference in your life or not.
I mean, yeah. A similar sort of structure is how the Alcubierre metric works. It requires negative energy normal to the manifolds involved. If he described that and everyone replied "You need negative energy" that would be kinda dumb.
Exactly. The removal of user modification from culture is a big loss.

In the 90s, it was nothing to stitch a patch on a piece of clothing that made it uniquely yours, or artfully distress your jeans.

Now, people just... don't. Because they can buy them like that.

Great for consumerism. Less great for individuality and building self-reliance.
There's no such thing as the fundamentals of web development
Wow I think your hatred is very clear here.

You haven't even addressed what the commenter actually sayed. Or you chose not to adress it or probably didn't understand.

Read it again you mite get it this time.
The technique is called reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). It's how, for example, Facebook can train Llama models to meet a certain safety score before releasing them into the wild.
Reading some comments, there appears to have been a move a few years ago where they moved 10mil to some sort of "equity knowledge fund". The rabbit hole just got deeper and I'm seriously disappointed I didn't stop donating sooner.

I'm just gonna stop going down this rabbit hole before it depresses me even more.
People are sensitive to questions involving money. Personally I disagree with the idea of re-donating the money I donated. Just this practice in principle is questionable.

I won't go into discussing the photos of sad looking Jimmy Wales that pop up in my inbox twice a year: you have probably read plenty on this topic already. The only argument I have is I donate money to sustain the project I value, not the Filipino American National Historical Society. I would, perhaps, donate to this Society directly, but don't make this decision for me. It feels deceptive.
There's currently a single background worker reading jobs from a single queue, so processing is limited to serial at the moment. But we're planning on making both of those configurable, so that you can have priority queues, and multiple working pulling from the same queue, for example.
Until public schools get rid of the delusion that putting troublemakers/educationally challenged kids into a class of average to highly capable kids will pull the troublemakers upwards escaping public schools is a worthy goal for most middle income families. Talk to any middle school teacher, in a class of 20 people there are 3-4 people that slow everything down for the other 16 and there is no feasible way of disciplining/getting rid of them.

Not sure how applicable this is to the U.S, this is the case in a lot of Western Europe.
It's 'substitute user', not just 'super user'. With su you can impersonate any user.

Wheel users can do anything because (default) sudoers contains

%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/152442/what-is-the-...
They definitely could spend all their money. If it becomes national news that your Wikipedia donations aren't really spent on Wikipedia then people might stop donating.

They spend $145m/year and raise about $155m/year, so they're basically spending everything they get.
>the vast majority of your donation does go to maintaining wikipedia.

Who knows? Is there any good investigative breakdown of exactly what Wikimedia Foundation spends most of its income on? Does it have a huge admin parasitical attachment sucking the money away? I'm not accusing, just wondering myself. Perhaps someone knows about this.
The terms "lead developer", "architect", and "software dev manager (SDM)" pretty much change from one place to another. I've been in shops where leads are merely the person with tenure who has been given the title to justify paying them more (ditto architect); I've seen shops where the lead is the first among equals; I've seen shops where they are 40% developer 60% going to meetings/doing HR things; I was a technical lead in a shop where leads were officially managers under labor law (and we functioned more like SDMs who still did some coding).

The one thing that should be universal is that senior/lead developers should be able to mentor junior devs and train them up. If you're at that point then great. Beyond that just have a candid discussion with the prospective employer and have them define what a Lead is to them and what they should be doing. Just don't go in with one idea and get upset that your concept of what a Lead is doesn't match the employer's idea because you didn't ask enough questions during the interview process.
thought crimes:

https://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr/vol118/iss5/4/

https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article... [PDF]
I raise pigs here on my farm, fed with locally sourced grains and leftover milk from our cow. My wife reacts to nitrites/nitrates, so we make our own bacon from the whole sides.

We use a traditional cure that's basically just salt, letting it brine for a week in the fridge. Then we smoke the cured slabs and slice it into vacuum-sealed packs for the freezer.

The result is some of the best bacon on the planet, and I wouldn't sell it for any price. By contrast, we previously had our butchers cure the bacon, and it has never been as good. Even their nitrate free recipe does not compare to homemade.

Still, I think the biggest difference has been feeding them milk; the flavor difference has been nearly incomparable to past pork, which was already infinitely better than what you can buy in the stores.
That is an important observation: sport is multiple things at once to different people.

For some people it is their career, for some it is entertainment, for some it is a business (sometimes a huge one) and for some it is all about personal achievement or fame or prestige (in a more institutional setting, say the olympics or a world championship). These are not mutually exclusive and the matrix of combinations and goals is very complex and not at all aligned. Cheaters are a factor (doping, using computers during online chess games, trying to hobble competitors) as are the stakes that a competition is for.

Between all of those it is already a minefield before you bring in supposedly clear cut things such as human rights. But it never is clear cut in practice.
I might be missing something, but how are the keys decrypted? Isn't it using the password? I assume the passwords are hashed on the server, but how would we know if you are storing the nonhashed password when we log in?
Taking morning-after pill with another drug is much more effective, study finds
>I for one wouldn't describe myself as an idiot.

That might be the problem and the reason for your unsupported overconfidence. And its no wonder given your unwillingness to consider different perspectives.

You are welcome.

edit: I would hope nobody sees that as a confirmation for the stereotype of Poles being racist. I see no reason to not suspect a Russian sock puppet and neither should you.
That is an obvious misreading.

Assume you have an unsigned char array r[] declared with 100 elements and the compiler encounters the following line of code:

r[200] = 0xff;

"ignoring the situation completely with unpredictable results" means translating that to the appropriate object code without bounds checking and no guarantees are made about whether that's a segfault or what your environment does.

"assum[ing] that the situation simply won't happen" means eliding the code entirely.

The first is required by the standard. The second is prohibited by the standard.

There is no section of any version of the standard that permits compilers to assume that anything which might be UB or predicated on UB is dead code.

Compilers must either ignore the fact that it's UB, or behave in a documented implementation-defined manner, or stop translation.
Has anyone sent this to openai?
More importantly, "pre-cloud" means years ago and therefore older hardware, but also yes, software mostly isn't written to be high performance.

Modern NVMe drives get 1000x the performance of hard disks 10 years ago. You can buy one that can fit the entire reddit text database for $150 now. 10 years ago you'd be looking at a high six-figure SAN appliance from IBM or EMC to get the kind of performance my desktop has now. You can have TBs of RAM and 100+ cores in a server now. You can get 400 Gb/s networking now, and some people even have 10 Gb/s home internet. You could basically run some of the biggest sites from 10 years ago out of your closet these days.

Some software has also improved a lot in the last 10 years. Things like io_uring are great. Green threads are great. Postgres is super fast these days, and it keeps getting faster. My old quad core computer with a SATA drive can already do ~60-70k requests/second with a Scala web app and postgres. That's without even using graal or loom or trying to screw around with core affinity.

If anything, the cloud scales poorly. People in practice end up using vastly underpowered VMs, and then horizontally scale them, which introduces a ton of overhead (computationally and management-wise). RDS gets you like 3000 IOPS baseline and increasing that to the level of a single NVMe drive will cost one employee's firstborn child each month, so people end up with this mistaken belief that RDBMSs are slow or don't scale. AWS will provide you with reference architectures to use lambdas for web requests and advertise their "scalability" [0], but the API only lets you serve 1 request/lambda at a time, and according to their docs, you can only have up to "tens of thousands" of concurrent lambdas[1]. That would also require 10s of thousands of connections to your db, which kills it, and doesn't let you batch things unless you first put your work onto something like an SQS queue and have a separate db worker lambda pick up batches. More infra to manage (and more $$$) instead of writing a dozen lines of code to add an in-memory work queue, and you end up needing to write more code to deal with sending work/status across the system anyway. So my old i5 with an SSD ends up scaling better than their "well-architected" "scalable" serverless solution. AWS will happily give you plenty of this kind of advice that will lead to a slow, expensive, large system.

The one big upside of AWS is that if you do need to manage a lot of servers (like you are in the IoT space and need to handle millions of requests per second), they have good tools for doing that. Multi-region redundancy is also a click of a button if you need that. But they normalize overbuilding (and thus needing that management) way before it's necessary.

[0] https://docs.aws.amazon.com/wellarchitected/latest/serverles...

[1] https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/gettingstarted-...
The problem is that people do get upset. Basically, you're forcing someone else to be the asshole by saying no or justify why they don't want to share or do something.

Rudeness is, of course, a subjective thing. Some people think it's rude to wear shoes indoors, some people think it's rude to make specific gestures that are either OK or meaningless to me.

My wife is an asker. It's a definite challenge at times...
won’t literally any charity spend money somewhere you wouldn’t necessarily agree with? most of the time you simply wouldn’t know.
New study finds theta brainwave activity in childhood predicts IQ at age 18
To be clear, I don't personally endorse Worldcoin and am not an investor, nor do I have particular admiration for Sam Altman. I just fundamentally question the notion of "victimless" crimes. In my view, consensual transactions between adults shouldn't be illegal and it seems to me that this is what is occurring here. As to why this is happening in Kenya, I wouldn't be surprised if they failed to "persuade" the right bureaucrats (a problem that many African entrepreneurs face[0]). According to Reuters, Worldcoin is currently "orbing" in 20 countries by the way[1].

[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqD3QbzSsIs

[1] https://www.reuters.com/technology/openais-sam-altman-launch...
Sure. Everything is reducible to lisp. But even though lisp had the same capabilities decades earlier, scala is the language that brought them to the mainstream (which may well because of the historical accident that twitter's backend was rewritten in scala). I don't love scala but it has been hugely impactful.
The other way to look at it is that this company does not know how to hire people and can barely tell the difference between great self taught programmers and terrible graduates from a school with a good name.
It's exciting to witness startups using LMM's capabilities to aid not only those with ALS but also individuals dealing with other conditions. Looking forward to seeing what's next! Great work!
No one ever outright says "get rid of animals and mono-crop the world" but that is the reality of what it would take to feed humans on plant based at scale world-wide based on thermodynamics in general. Finding unbiased sources and well-designed studies is hard. When you dig into the research, often you will find that what is written about doesn't match the research.

It's quite clear that you can live a healthy life with most calories from plants in some capacity. It's also quite clear that you can do the same with animals. Where it gets dicey is when we get into the specifics about farming methodologies, sustainability, and ethics.

This is why i linked to white-oak pastures to give an example of regenerative agriculture practices that are proven to work. What's important is that when we talk about animal consumption that there's a ton of sins by the cattle industry specifically that need to be corrected. Moving to a regenerative agriculture method will lower their profits quite a bit, and they often find it helps their message to misdirect towards the "plant-based" (overloaded term) crowd..

The current battle in Montana between Bison restoration and ranchers versus the cattle industry is a great example [1][2] of how cattle industry behaves. Bison restoration and Bison ranching has taken off in Montana and Idaho. There is abig push to try and restore the natural grasslands and grass species that the Bison grazed on to improve the ecology of the area as a whole. Cattle are not compatible with that plan (imo) in Montana. However, bison are ruminant animals which are the linchpins for keeping the soil healthy enough to grow crop without large petroleum inputs (fertilizer). So 900 million cattle may not be a boon on their own, but if we put environment appropriate ruminants (goats, sheep etc) in the same places we can still perform regenerative agriculture.

This topic leans towards heavy nerd snipes because there's so many rabbit holes to go down. For example:

of the land that is used for grazing animals, how much of that is suitable for farming the big three (wheat, corn, soy)?

Assume that every human is capable of getting enough calories to survive: Are they getting enough bio-available nutrition to meet the minimum needs? What about to perform closer to an optimum of mental and physical capacity?

What does it really mean to be nutrient dense? Are we actually able to extract all the nutrients? What about if we started consuming organs again instead of just ribeyes?

[1]https://apnews.com/article/health-environment-and-nature-bus...
[2]http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/2/19/yellowstone-...
> How different would the situation be if the US midwest and south were on the hotter side of the scale, rather than the cooler one?

If the effect of global warming were felt equally in the US and that somehow caused the US to halt 100% of their emissions it would reduce global emissions by about 11% [1].

1: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/06/chinas-greenhouse-gas-emissi...
Politicians don’t get votes for reducing crime, they get votes for being tough on crime. Building out ever larger repression systems instead of investing in prevention and rehabilitation is the better political strategy.