skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Excellent write up as usual from LWN.

I love the Python community. It's really a leading light for open source software. And it shows what transparency and good governance can achieve.

Although I appreciate the engineering hours that Meta, Microsoft and others give, its pretty miserable still compared to the value that the whole tech industry (and beyond with data science) extract from Python and other open source software.
When people use a lot of emojis, the story in my head is that they care more about keeping appearances up than about honesty and transparency. It's fake positivity.
> Ever meet someone you didn’t like online, and realize they’re terrific in person? Online communication loses sooooo much in transit.

This is so true. I have a good friend who is, in my opinion, really bad at this. It seems like he has a talent to make even little requests sound aggressive when using written communication. If I didn't know him so well, I would certainly interpret that as very rude, even though in RL he's not like that.

Thinking about this, I realize I have something like this as well. With close friends, I can be VERY direct in a way that's both not completely serious, but still carries my true opinion. And I think I do this without thinking too much, it just comes out (although it doesn't seem to happen with people I'm not that close with, maybe because I'm more guarded and self-conscious during those conversations). Luckily my friends can appreciate this tendency even though it would come across as super rude if I did that to a stranger.

(I guess I can't say if my friend's case above is actually very similar. Maybe he, too, uses different language with people he's less close with, trusting that his good friends know him well enough.)
No, it can actually be 50%. Why do you think that's not serious?
Greek youth unemployment was at 60% during their peak debt crisis. China's mega debt tsunami is starting to slam the shores right now.

China already tried its hardest to suppress youth unemployment rates. Student councillors in China are given strict KPIs to ensure their students graduate with a job. So obviously they co-operate with shady companies that give out sham employment contracts, and then pressure the student to sign, all to give out an impression of 'graduate employment'

China faces a severe crisis of over-education. China educated many university graduates, but has no industry to actually absorb them (Many such industries were crushed by the government, such as gaming, tech, or education).

China's factories desperately need cheap labour (and are starting to lose competitiveness because of this), but the over-educated grads are absolutely unwilling to go back to the factory floor like their parents. So you have millions of grads all dreaming of sitting in a prestigious office job, where none exists, so instead they all compete for government jobs, where there's 1 role for 100 applicants.

The Chinese government is already enforcing a streaming system in middle school, with at most 50% of students going to high school, rest going into technical education, but its too little too late.
The closest analogy might be the Asian financial crisis of 1997-98.
What makes inverter microwaves better? The only potential improvement I can think of is rapid on-off switching so that lower-power modes are better than 10s on and then 10s off.

Answered my own question: it’s exactly what I wanted. https://www.panasonic.com/nz/consumer/household-learn/techno...
There are a lot of technical problems related to online processing of the fuel, the reactivity of salts at high temperatures with metals, etc.

It's a matter of research and development, it can be done, if we devote enough resources to get across the finish line.
I'd love to get this - when I saw the price I was blown away, it really seems like a good deal!

The visual presentation of it is really delicious.
The JVM has different semantics than C/C++, so it is not an apt comparison. Asymptotical performance-wise there is nothing inherent with a JIT compiler that would put it behind an AOT one.
A little bit of historical background.

There was a concerted effort in the late 19th, early 20th century (perhaps earlier too) to mechanise computation i.e., reducing it to a pure symbolic manipulation. There were obvious benefits, a famous one being Enigma Machine that was used to (successfully I think) break the German code during WW-2.

On the philosophical side a parallel and overlapping effort was going on to figure out if mathematics could represent all possible truths, again as symbolic manipulation system. Bertrand Russel's magnum opus Principia Mathematica [1] was one such famous work towards it. Kurt Gödel then made a breakthrough when he proved that such a system is impossible; i.e., a system can either capture all the truths or it can be consistent but not both[2]. Put differently, any mathematical system capable of representing all the truths will necessarily contain contradictions within it.

Now coming to your question.

Lambda calculus emerged in this milieu. Alonzo Church[3] invented one such system to mechanise computation, named ƛ-calculus. Using this system one can mechanically compute any function purely by symbolic manipulation. Later on Turing, Church's student I think, invented a totally different system named Turing Machine with the same purpose. Later on it was proved (by Church and Turing I think, but I'm not 100% sure) that ƛ-Calculus and Turing Machine are equivalent, Church-Turing thesis[4].

All these work, and more, laid the theoretical foundation for the modern computers. If we can today safely assume that computers are provably correct it's because of them.

Phil Wadler has an absolutely delightful talk where he takes us through a whirlwind tour of the history of the mathematical foundation of computers [5], highly recommended.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principia_Mathematica

[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gödel%27s_incompleteness_theor...

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alonzo_Church

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church–Turing_thesis

[5] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOiZatlZtGU
Glad to hear that! We plan to provide object storage in the future. For now, our recommendation is to rely on a specialized provider for that, i.e. S3, GCS, R2, Wasabi, etc.
1. Yes, normal people who don’t read HN have less trust in a plaintext email.

2. Yes, abandonment will be higher if the user can’t click the password reset link in the email.
Ebony, ivory, whalebone, buffalo hide, rubber plantations, yeah, we did such a great job before modern plastics
Yeah. This is good advice and all but it's no use if embraced only by behavior on a superficial level. Then it's just cosmetic and can be quite vile at worst, like seeing guys repeat pick-up artist tricks.
I had a GitHub account before Microsoft bought it, and the service has only gotten better since. I see no strong reason to change. Mostly, the stuff up there is a service to others, and just a backup of what's already on my machine. So a rug pull wouldn't kill me.
Wow, this looks like Rust
It's an interesting exercise, but this library doesn't fit well into the Go ecosystem's habit of writing straightforward, imperative, boring, verbose, simple-to-read code. Even as someone who likes FP tools, I won't be using this.
It’s a form of patent trolling. The point of patents is that inventors should be compensated fairly for their inventions. Not that they should be able to prevent the production of those inventions like little dictators - that does not advance society.
There are different standards for each engineer, though a few of these are popular, never heard a few used ever. Its more important to know the song and how it sounds on many systems. It's not like the 60s where only a few refrence quality recordings existed. Also emerging quality standards can have an effect. In the 90s, refrence tracks started having much more bass than before, but the sound cymbals make has always been hard to reproduce and tend to sound a bit different. In the end, its all subjective.
Well, it is programmed to be respectful to everyone and treat everyone equally, and those are liberal values. Conservatives tend to believe in some social order, but every group has a different social order, so if you want your ai to be useful to everyone it can’t favor one or the other or discriminate against those who step outside of their designated role. But conservatives view anyone outside their particular group as liberal or woke, so unless the ai is specifically biased towards a social order it’s going to be perceived as being biased against that order by those within it. No AI can be conservative with respect to everyone, the best it could do would be to be conservative with respect to one specific worldview.

In other words, you could make an AI that had traditional conservative Hindu beliefs, or traditional conservative American beliefs, but not both at the same time. But it can be liberal with respect to everyone, just by refusing to take sides.
https://archive.li/qs5dr
As a hobbyist who uses python I don't think I'll be directly using concurrency in my code, but I'm betting that over time the standard library and popular external libraries will.

And that will raise everyone's code.
By a bizzare coincidence, I just had a breaking update today. CUPS was missing some symbols and wouldn't start. Rolled back to an earlier snapshot and all is well.
(very (very (very (well (said)))))
It simply isn't true that the last word has been said on this. "Modern" techniques (meaning since the "green revolution") have focussed on large areas of monoculture supported by various land additives sold to farmers by a few large corporations. There are so many ways that that can be changed to the benefit of the crops. This sort of evidence is tantalising: https://www.britishecologicalsociety.org/city-allotments-mat...

Scaling up allotment style production is not a trivial ask, but we live in a time where automation techniques look plausible to achieve it.
https://archive.is/6Wq1C
I have to say, openSUSE introduced me to btrfs and while it isn't something i use often, when i do need the snapshot functionality it provides it is such a great feature.
Missing : real estate invested missing money into sprawling conglomerates. E-car brands and other industries.
We're so far down the absurdly long copyright duration nonsense that any proposition of a reasonable duration is labelled as "fantasy" and compared to north Korea, that's a bit scary.
Maybe I misunderstood something, I admit I glossed over parts of the article, but the explanations seemed a bit over-complicated.

In the balls and bucket scenario, ideally you'd want to scan all the buckets and put the ball in the least filled one.

By picking two random buckets and putting the ball in the least filled of the two, you approximate the ideal algorithm.

The chance of picking two relatively filled buckets is inversely proportional to how "bad" it is. If there are just two buckets which have more balls than the others then it's relatively bad to pick those two, but chances are low. And vice versa.

Still, hadn't thought about this before, interesting trick indeed!
Record producers still use crappy car radios, bluetooth speakers, phone speakers, etc. to demo mixes. It has always been common.
I am an 80% person and I feel that a good quality italian moka pot (i prefer stainless steel) will get you the 80% for espresso. I'm sure this statement will infuriate some people though. I'm the same with with drip coffee. Get a good quality hand or ceramic cone bean grinder and just about any arabica coffee beans and you'll get to the 80% point with fresh ground coffee.
SUSE to flip back into private ownership
It has support for LSP, with plugins that integrate the various language servers out there.
> One solution was the universally hated worldcoin. I hate it as well and don't think it could work, but the problem they meant to tackle is very real and we should talk about it.

No it is not a solution. What prevents me from "selling" my biometrics to someone to be used for nefarious purposes? Or you are proposing putting an orb in from of every computer and not allow accessing the Web without scanning user's iris every time they type web-site address? Even if such dystopia get implemented we will end up with situation when bunch of real people in third-word countries are getting paid 2$ a day to sit in front of a computer playing games all day while getting their eyes periodicaly scanned to allow spammer botnet to browse the Web.

> I think we are going to need some kind of certificates vouching for humans being humans.

Who are "we"? Me and probably absolute majority of other users are perfectly fine with the way the Web currently works and don't care about the cost of fraud for Google's ad empire.
It’s more costly to determine the server with absolute least connections since you have to keep track of the ordering of the servers by how many connections they have.
I'd strongly agree also. I get a lot personally out of remembering events where those memories have been evoked by seeing an old photo. It might be something from 40 years ago, or four years ago, and definitely includes fantastic events that shrink in remembering any sort of busy life.

Even just last night, we were looking through old photos at my parents' house. My dad had found a photo of repairing a lintel and brickwork with his father (then a retired builder). It was definitely a positive discovery, but he'd said that he'd forgotten the photo existed. The photo had other clues as well, like small construction projects in the background, timing of the year in the garden, etc.
Wow, I thought you were making that up. It’s real. Why not just repeal the child limitations then? No reason to keep them in place if the rate is that low.
Turbo Pascal's UI was magical and perfect.
To make this more concrete:

1. They don't establish correlation of the ChatGPT impersonations of Republicans and Democrats with the real views of actual Republicans and Democrats. They should have had a representative sample of each actually do the compass test and compared the distributions of those with the distributions of the impersonation results to ensure they are calibrated. As such they are at best showing that on this test, ChatGPT's answers are more like the answers chatgpt gives when it impersonates a Democrat and less like when chatgpt impersonates a Republican. This doesn't say anything at all about true bias, just about how chatgpt impersonates groups.

2. Say chatgpt's impersonations are calibrated to real democrat and republican views (ie ignore 1). They seem to assume non-bias means equidistance from the republican and democrat positions in lots of important ways. eg "If ChatGPT is non-biased, we would expect that the answers from its default do not align neither with the Democrat nor the Republican impersonation, meaning that 𝛽1 = 0 for any impersonation" well, no. Bias isn't a function of what Democrats or Republicans think, bias is lack of actual neutrality in some sort of Platonic sense. Ie if this questionnaire was 100% calibrated then neutrality would be the origin of the coordinates. Given that, say democrats currently have a default position that is more extreme in one or other (or all) dimensions on this questionnaire than Republicans, then a neutral position would be closer to the Republican position and vice versa. If uncomfortable with the abstract definition of neutrality here then maybe a better one would be to pick a third representative sample of politically neutral people and calibrate their views relative to the test. Then neutrality or bias would be distance from this group not distance from the centroid between Democrats and Republicans.

3. These problems (1&2) are repeated in the "Professions" section, and compounded by a slightly weird inference about referencing the population mean (Republican/Democrat) of each group without calibrating any of the actual responses with any actual real person's responses (ie still just comparing chatgpt to itself impersonating someone).

4. They say they checked the Political Compass test versus IDR Labs Political Coordinates test "as a robustness test", but don't show any results from IDR labs or comparison between the result sets. That seems very odd.

I personally think this topic is very important so I find this all in all to be an extremely disappointing paper, which will nevertheless no doubt garner significant press attention without people actually reading it or trying to understand the methodology or conclusions.
https://archive.is/rWIvy
yes, coworkers thanking me for a bugfix or a feature bothers the hell out of me. man I am not doing it for you, I am doing it for money that is thanks enough
Zypper has the best UX of the CLI package management tools i've tried, at least as far as updates and installation come. My favorite part, which is minor and yet makes finding packages you might want to keep an eye on when updating, is how it highlights with a color the first letter of any package to be installed/updated/etc. It was a "why don't other package managers do this?" moment the first time i saw it.

(ok perhaps other package managers do it nowadays, but i installed openSUSE 2-3 years ago and i haven't really tried every package manager out there - mainly apt/apt-get and pacman as it comes with msys2)
Not my field but I'm guessing when you have thousands of servers it can be quite the overhead to keeping track of the load of each one for each request.

The proposed algorithm only needs to consider two, and from what I can gather should work in parallel with multiple load balancers without coordination.
These days I’ve started to care a lot more about power per watt than raw numbers. Watts = heat = fans = noise.
If we have the energy available for longer hydrocarbons, sure, do it. Methane is the feedstock. We would do well to produce as much methane as possible as local as possible. Everybody wants natural gas and we spend a lot of energy transporting it around the world.
Knuth wanted to write a book, so he spent years writing a typesetting system.

Both the book and the system were heroically good.
Many people don't write async code or use supervision trees for most tasks. A lot of code is straightforward synchronous code, so it makes sense not to throw.

Once you run it in a task, then it makes less sense to do {:ok, something} on everything
ProSupport is amazing, especially on Dell hardware on eBay which still has extended coverage remaining that can be transferred. Immediate phone connection to knowledgeable and helpful technicians.
Show HN: A local version of ChatGPT Code Interpreter, using GPT-4 or Llama 2
Hi HN!
I wanted to share my freshly finished open-source project. It is similar to ChatGPT Code Interpreter, but the interpreter runs locally and it can use open-source models like Llama 2. It allows you to work with sensitive data without uploading it to the cloud. Either you use a local LLM (like Llama 2), or an API (like GPT-4). For the latter case, there is an approval mechanism in the UI, which separates your local data from the remote services.

I would be very interested in your valuable feedback!
We are currently working on our managed Postgres offering. Should be available in technical preview in September. Other services like providing object storage are planned too but I don't have any ETA to share for now :)
There was a question from Shannon about ""what people think is a
acceptable slowdown for single-threaded code"" ... he had estimated
an impact "in the 15-20% range"

Horror!

To me, the acceptable slowdown is exactly zero.

I can already use multiple cores by running multiple Python processes.

Any slowdown of single-process performance would be a terrible step backwards.

Python is already slow. It should look at PHP and see what it can take out of their book. PHP 7, which had no JIT, was already about 6x faster than Python. PHP 8 is even faster for some workloads. I'm not sure if the overhead of a JIT makes sense though. But PHP 7 is a good place to look for a performance benchmark.
https://archive.is/BPkcv#post-d36d9dc6-6f12-4e37-9454-c37a00...
I don't think you should bolt every concept into every language. One USP of Go is how dead simple it is to learn and how fast it compiles (because it is dead simple - compare it to Rust compile times). I did a lot of Lisp and Haskell, scaled a startup on FP Scala code and sold it. I did put Option everywhere. In the 2000s I came up with the Iterable hack for Option<> in Java

public abstract class Option[T] implements Iterable[T] { }

// Some then is a one element Iterator/ None is an empty iterator

// With for you then can do something on Some
// orElse left as an exercise to the reader

for (String name: option) {
// do something with name
}

but today I think one should embrace the language and if it does not work for you, use something else.

For Go I think something like Zigs !i32 would fit in perhaps, if one wants a higher level of error handling.
You need enough cash to buy the land, you generally won’t be granted a loan for it. After that, the other comments have it pretty well explained. For a lot of people, they won’t have the 100% cash for the land + 5-20% down payment for the home construction.
I’m sorry but your position is wrong. A face mask that doesn’t filter all light is bad design. A face mask that doesn’t filter the light it produces itself (blue light even!) is awful design. It certainly is not good enough.

Whether it makes money or not is irrelevant. Tons of people buy stuff because they don’t know better. Maybe it was a cheap mask, or maybe it was the only one sold at airports, or maybe it had aggressive marketing, or the Bluetooth feature was niche at the time. None of that has to do with design.
> FAA regulations entitle persons with guide dogs to a bulkhead seat.

Google didn't find those regulations for me.
15 km diameter is about the size of "thick" atmosphere. The mass of the air in this volume is something about 0.000..% . At speed of 80 km/sec, well, atmosphere didn't slow it down much. And if there was only microbial life at that time it adapted and bounced back quickly.
Linked article doesn't fully support the "myth" so much as an overstatement of the evidence; there is clear evidence that certain parts of the brain reach stop growing in volume around that age (earlier for women). There isn't great evidence linking that to anything behavioral though.
It looks nice.

The only thing I'd change is have a 4:3 screen (or at least 3:2). The extra height really matters on small screens.
The one I really liked back in the day was Jed. Basically nano/windows style keybindings, but it had stuff like syntax highlighting…in the mid 90s.
> If you aren't certain, it is not faith but guesswork.

Well, I've had theist friends who'd disagree with that, who've said, paraphrased, that "if your faith has no doubt, then it's not faith, it's a dogma." I can't speak to this myself, but I do find their choice to believe despite their doubt more honourable than someone's blind certainty.
If you're talking about the one-child policy, that has been repealed in 2016.
Bioshock gave me the idea, but I find "would you kindly..." goes over a lot better.
You can coerce deterministic and reproducible outputs from an LLM