skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In Germany, there is "case law" to that effect. Letting someone suffer of thirst is "unterlassene Hilfeleistung", roughly translated "neglecting to give aid". Not giving someone suffering of thirst any water is considered as an example in legal literature, however, I know of no real case where someone was convicted solely for that. And it isn't really straightforward to argue that a restaurant not serving tap water would fulfil the criteria of "unterlassene Hilfeleistung", at least because the usual restaurant-goer isn't suffering that badly.

Also, aforementioned aid doesn't have to be free, the person benefiting from your aid owes you the cost of that aid.
> There is one thing to always remember: Never accept responsibility without having the power to change things.

This resonates a lot with me, I think it represents the situation well.

I remember a meeting during which the marketing manager / graphic designer (a student is cheaper) was asked to re-design part of a consumer app. So I asked that she be able to make final decisions about any changes so that I wouldn't lose too much in going back and forth for approval.

Management said no, they had the final say.

A nice illustration of what you just said.

Thank you very much, I keep your recommendations preciously.
Alternatively, just do whatever obscure research you want outside of the university system. There won't be anyone to judge your 'success' or lack of it.

When was the last time these mathematicians received feedback from the outside world instead of just deciding within their group who to declare as #1? They literally get paid by tax payers to do what is often the equivalent of glorified crosswords full time then congratulate themselves that they're good at it.
Agreed, I stumbled through a course on essentially TAPL at university, and bought & read Pierce's TAPL to help. It's a great book, but the submission would've helped me a lot as an additional primer. I didn't have the background in mathematical logic for it frankly.

(It was a third of fourth year CS course, but where everyone else would've had more formal logic in first and second, I'd had the electronics part of my programme, which was actually based in EE. I naïvely thought I'd read enough to have the requisite background and I absolutely hadn't, or at least not to understand & follow fast enough.)
Isn't it a sign of childishness to prefer the expression "win or lose"?
+1 for flatpak (and modern csv looks great! I will most likely buy)
Thanks for the demonstration. Well, maybe I did understimate the tool after all, although I'd prefer to see the entire session (prompt, grammar, and all the interactions) to be fully convinced.

I suspect though that the reason the tool was "outrageously slow" in your experiment is that you gave a very general grammar. Constraining it more (by giving exact descriptions of weapons) would perhaps make it work faster.

Also, it's obvious that while you'll get valid json like that, you have no guarantee that the contents will always match your request. This time you got a carrot dagger (again- I'd like to see the prompt that led to that, please), next time you might not.
Nobody said anything about insights.
Reaction: "...but after learning how much less available and affordable housing was in Canada, 9,999 of the workers headed back to the U.S."
Re: eco terrorism, I strongly suspect this will happen too. Domestically in places like the UK where the penalties for peaceful protest are increasing dramatically, and internationally when people start realising their lives being destroyed by climate change is as a result of westerners refusing to make even basic choices to mitigate their impact on the world.
Yea Tailwind is so good. Yes you have to enter more class names into your html, but the payoff is you don't need to mess about with CSS at all unless you need something very specific.

It also makes it so much easer to progressively update things to a new design, without worrying about 1 change in a CSS file potentially having an effect anywhere.
Tap water is unfortunately not included in Denmark; getting charged 25kr per person is not uncommon. Its a bit of a disgrace, honestly.

But at least public toilets tend to be free whereas I believe in Sweden these tend to cost money.
The default looks like a Physics paper from the 80s because it was made to render Physics papers from the 80s.
If you want optimism, check out the FutureCrunch newsletter. It is truly incredible. I’m a paid subscriber, but they have a free version.

https://futurecrun.ch/
> Why am I supposed to submit to your newspeak that is just to attack all leftist as authoritarians and to ommit anti-authoritarian and anti-capitalist movements?

Well, it is simply a fact that in public discourse both left and right mainly associate communism with Marx and Lenin because of the early influence of Marx on communist movements and of later Bolshevization of the Comintern in 1920s. I don’t see what is newspeak-y about it, it is a natural linguistic and cultural development.

> Imprecise vocabulary is great tool for authoritarian, that's why I write about these other meanings and ideologies.

Yeah, that’s why I always look at “anarchists” with suspicion. They seem to consistently support measures that empower the government.
We work in a rather regulated field so yes a junior with a good understanding of business logic has an advantage.

> Another common pattern in these startups are what I name after the MMO tank+DPS

Well seen, it's a real position for the sustainability of the developers.
Show HN: AI Security Newsletter
I'm creating a newsletter on AI security, where I post the most interesting papers and articles from last two weeks
Wireguard requires an open UDP port, by default 51820.

NetMaker, at least based on the quick install manual, asks you to open up the following:

- 443, 80 (tcp)

- 3479, 8089 (TURN, TURN api)

- 8085 (exporter EE)

- 1883, 8883, 8033, 18083 (if using EMQX)

But perhaps none of these are required for actual WAN/Wireguard connections and one needs only limited access to these ports in order to configure the software.
Are you aware that these things still exist in apps no matter what kind of state management they use?
I can sum up what I like about Tailwind in the following code:

``` (in CSS)

a.link {
border: red;
}

a.link:hover {
border: blue;
}
```

``` (in Tailwind)
<a class="border-red hover:border-blue">
```

It's much easier in Tailwind for me to see locally what's going on with that styling. If I lived in this code all the time, or I was good at structuring CSS, then maybe the first would be more appealing. But I'm a shit at CSS, it always turns into an unmaintainable mess, and I look after a lot of different projects that I might not touch for 6 months. So Tailwind's approach is easier for me.
The electrolyte composition is the 'secret sauce' by the capacitor maker. Thats what makes it dangerous - if you touch it and get sick, no doctor will know exactly what compounds were in it to make you sick, and therefore how to cure you.
My belief is that all supermassive black holes are primordial. They were "seeds" of the galaxies from the start.
> And now we find if you can go to four bits

That will be really interesting for FPGAs, because the current ones are basically oceans of 4-bit computers.

Yes, you can gang together a pair of 4LUTs to make a 5LUT, and a pair of 5LUTs to make a 6LUT, but you halve your parallelism each time you do that. OTOH you can't turn a 4LUT into a pair of 3LUTs on any currently-manufactured FPGA. It's simply the "quantum unit" of currently-available hardware -- and it's been that way for at least 15 years (Altera had 3LUTs back in the 2000s). There's no fundamental reason for the number 4 -- but it is a very, very deep local minimum for the current (non-AI) customers of FPGA vendors.
> Just go to one of the countless public toilets outside.

If there even are public toilets, if they are open, if they are in a state to be used (and not just an uncleaned mess), if they are free... plenty of reasons to go to a restaurant to use their toilet.
Story time for the young kids in the room: Once upon a time, in my role as a technical consultant for hire at a large multinational corporation, I found myself tasked with a management board presentation. I was filling in for several project managers who were otherwise engaged due to urgent commitments.

My responsibility was to elucidate the difficulties stemming from the company's current internal systems integration architecture. I was to outline immediate measures for mitigating existing issues and offer a comprehensive plan for long-term resolution. With only a few days' notice, I prepared the required technical material, knowing well that the management board I was to address had a decidedly technical inclination.

As I delved into the presentation, I began to perceive an escalating sense of discomfort in the room. I quickly sought to discern whether the material was perhaps too tedious or excessively technical. Although the management board was known for its technical expertise, I couldn't immediately pinpoint the cause of the unrest. However, clarity struck in a sudden flash when a senior member of management hesitantly inquired, "Why are you using Mark's materials?" Mark, a pseudonym in this story, was the absent CTO who should have been present at the meeting.

After an instant of cognitive dissonance, the truth become clear...The CTO, who had engaged my services as a technical consultant, had been presenting my work to the management board for months, all the while assuming full authorship of the technical reports and presentations...
I have to politely contest the conflation of faith and trust. While I understand that they're used synonymously in a colloquial context, you don't place faith in algorithms, you place trust in them. You KNOW that the algorithm exists, you just don't necessarily know what decisions it'll make or how. Whereas, when you place faith in something, you aren't certain that it even exists or that it'll do anything. And so it makes sense to me that someone's who able to make that leap of faith, a rather apt turn of phrase in this context, is also more able to place trust in something.
The quality of information is very limited. It's as if the author hasn't used ZeroTier...

ZeroTier operates on a different layer, and is therefore capable of much more than anything wireguard.
CPUs and GPUs both interface with their own memory, and those memories have a certain bandwidth. Generally, CPU memory has relatively little bandwidth, but relatively good latency. (For example, an i9-13900K supports memory up to around 100 GB/s, while even my previous GPU, a midrange Radeon HD 7850 from 2012, has over 150 GB/s of bandwidth).

An integrated GPU shares memory with the CPU, so at best it gets the same amount of bandwidth assuming the CPU is not using any (which is rather unlikely).

A dedicated GPU has its own private high-bandwidth memory (an RTX 4090 has a memory bandwidth of over 1000 GB/s), but to get anything in there it needs to be loaded over the PCIe bus (which has a measly 32 GB/s bandwidth for PCIe 4.0 x16).

That said, CPU memory does have one big advantage: it tends to be much larger. You can pair up to 192 GB with a regular Ryzen 7000 CPU, while consumer GPUs don't go above 24 GB of memory (RTX 4090, RX 7900 XTX). (There are bigger GPUs out there, but those are generally intended for datacenters, and if you go that route, an Epyc or Xeon CPU can also support much more memory than a plain desktop Ryzen, although you can also slot multiple GPUs into a single server.)

I believe that for LLM performance, memory bandwidth is key, because all the neural network layers need to be streamed from memory, and very little work is done with it each time, although I guess batching operations could help if you're working at scale, since each weight would be applied multiple times then.
This feels only slightly more newsworthy than when reddit is mentioned. Do people consider HN an unknown and exclusive community?
https://nautil.us/why-birds-can-fly-over-mount-everest-23786...
There is a persistent misconception that Tailwind competes with Bootstrap, but they just exist at different levels. Bootstrap provides components, but Tailwind is just a faster way to write CSS.
It's just an article reviewing it - it's not clear he was involved in it's development.
Going really big and figuring out how to go small is also working; see Lottery Tickets, ensembles, distillation, and so on.
When it comes to contract management, having the right tools is essential. There are several contract management tools available that can help streamline and optimize the contract management process. These tools offer a range of features and functionalities that can enhance contract performance, ensure compliance, expedite processes and time-to-revenue, and mitigate contract risks while maintaining a high level of security.
Once again, the "write once lots of small websites" people and the "maintain huge web apps" people, will be talking past each other.

We share a base layer in HTML, CSS, JS, but the incentives, requirements, job environments, team sizes, couldn't be more different.

I wonder about other languages and ecosystems. What would be a similar situation for e.g. C? Is there such a thing?
Here is an opposing opinion from someone who used Rust in a startup but would not pick it again: https://www.propelauth.com/post/i-love-building-a-startup-in...
> But what interests me most about Community Notes is how, despite not being a "crypto project", it might be the closest thing to an instantiation of "crypto values" that we have seen in the mainstream world.

The attempt to argue that any community-consensus system is "crypto" is absurd.
You do not appear to understand what that phrase means.
Chapter 1 is available for free download:

https://nostarch.com/download/OpenCircuits_Chapter1.pdf

$30 for the ebook. Free on the high seas for whose who don't have $30.
> and if the majority agrees we'll deal with it

In the U.S., a clear majority supports the party that wants to do something about climate change, but because of (1) gerrymandering (with the U.S. House), (2) disproportionate representation (the U.S. Senate), and (3) the electoral college (presidency / executive branch), the ability of the majority of Americans being able to exert their will has been severely damaged and dampened[1].

If the GOP succeeds at overthrowing even the feeble democracy that the U.S. has and establishing an illegal and cruel/evil dictatorship, would you still say that all liberals and progressives need to be peaceful and non-violent?

[1] Hence the lack of action when it comes to things like climate change, civil rights, voting rights, treating immigrants with kindness, reparations for former slaves and the First Nations / native Americans, welfare to help low-income people, universal healthcare (or even just Medicaid expansion), etc.
If it's audio, images, cg or video it's almost always GiGo.
From the beginning of the article:

> It replaces a generation of sites built with Twitter Bootstrap.
Unfortunately this fails for me:

curl: (6) Could not resolve host: t6a3m9g6.rocketcdn.me
Tailwind also won because of TailwindUI.

With the 2 combined you can save a ton of time and still having a decent responsive design
It is easier to write CSS with Svelte.
As I said, it is management speak, coming from Lean. I didn't make this up. In my country Lean is hugely influential in all kinds of domains, not just in software development. Probably rivaling or surpassing Scrum. Maybe this isn't the case everywhere?

This is merely a semantic play though, let me quote something:

"Muda means wastefulness, uselessness and futility, which is contradicting value-addition. Value-added work is a process that adds value to the product or service that the customer is willing to pay for. There are two types of Muda, Type 1 and Type 2. Muda Type 1 includes non-value-added activities in the processes that are necessary for the end customer. For example, inspection and safety testing does not directly add value to the final product; however, they are necessary activities to ensure a safe product for customers. Muda Type 2 includes non-value added activities in the processes, but these activities are unnecessary for the customer. As a result, Muda Type 2 should be eliminated." - https://theleanway.net/muda-mura-muri

Muda is usually translated as Waste. Perhaps 'overhead' would be more accurate for Type 1 Muda. However this distinction between value-adding and 'required but not value-adding' is central to the way lean approaches optimization. Actually I don't really know why it isn't just translated as overhead, the term waste is bit offensive I think for some. Maybe that is the goal though.
I'm not religious, but it shows a lack of respect.
Besides it "being the point".
I think the framework is meant to be used by other frameworks and not by humans.

It is an unpleasant chore if you use it by hand and I have given up on it but I can see that if it's just used in components and then html is not written by hand but made dynamically it could work better.

It's basically a CSS framework for JS frameworks and not for writing HTML.
The hardest part about programming is naming things. If you use tailwind you don’t have to name things.

That’s why it won.
... and people downmod me when I say i see no difference between LLM enthusiasm and a religion ...

Edit: interesting that the article doesn't seem to be visible on the first 4 pages of the front page to me any more. This is why it's bad to have most social networking based in the US and censored according to their morals...
Cool word to learn as non-native English speaker! Never heard of it before. I thought you were mentioning Cryonism, or Crayonism. I wondered what kind of religion that was.
f: X->Y means f maps an input from domain X (set of all real numbers, say) to output range Y (set of all positive real numbers, say, f could be 'abs').

I think you might be thinking it's LX.Y (L for lambda)? But consider X=Y, LX.X is the identity function, some f: X->X could be the identity function, but it could also be anything else that returns a value of the same type as its argument - it could be 'add1' in this example of X being the reals, for example.
Nabiullina at the CBR has always been hard for me to read. (From memory: before the SMO, her policies seemed too conservative and restricted credit for SMEs.) So why did the CBR raise the guiding rate so drastically? Theories abound: a knee-jerk reaction to the RUB's depreciation compared to other major currencies or the intention to curb expected inflation due to next year's social budget. But IMHO a relatively weak RUB is clearly advantageous given the balance of trade and fiscal recettes are indeed higher.
Lol, who ever said it won? Paid HTML components? Get over yourself.

Heck people can even come together for a web framework let alone one tiny paid CSS tooling.
Reaction: Could we get similar acceptance increases by having the subjects think about newspaper astrology column, Magic 8 Balls, and other "coin flip" decision-making strategies?
…WAT.
You can see inside them on page 37:

https://nostarch.com/download/OpenCircuits_Chapter1.pdf
Uncertainty estimation in machine learning is paramount for enhancing the reliability and interpretability of predictive models, especially in high-stakes real-world scenarios. Despite the availability of numerous methods, they often pose a trade-off between the quality of uncertainty estimation and computational efficiency. Addressing this challenge, we present an adaptation of the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) framework -- an approach exploiting the overparameterization of deep neural networks -- for pixel-wise regression tasks. Our MIMO variant expands the applicability of the approach from simple image classification to broader computer vision domains. For that purpose, we adapted the U-Net architecture to train multiple subnetworks within a single model, harnessing the overparameterization in deep neural networks. Additionally, we introduce a novel procedure for synchronizing subnetwork performance within the MIMO framework. Our comprehensive evaluations of the resulting MIMO U-Net on two orthogonal datasets demonstrate comparable accuracy to existing models, superior calibration on in-distribution data, robust out-of-distribution detection capabilities, and considerable improvements in parameter size and inference time.
Cloudflare's 2023 phishing threats report
Well, sure. I guess nobody thinks that the dopamine just appears/disappears by itself. Of course there is an underlying structural cause.

But currently we're unable to image live people at that resolution, not even dead people yet.
Thinking about God increases your acceptance of AI decision making...Thinking about the Devil will make you...Construct your own Model and Hardware...
Building your own VPN is super easy and you can run it on a cheap VPS.

I've been using mine for years and it cost me less than $2/month.

(And it's fun to setup)
> So if you wish to change your design, you'll have to update multiple templates instead of one CSS rule.

Changing the CSS to apply site-wide changes sounds great in theory but after working in front-end since IE6, this almost never happens in practice. You're never certain how the styles cascade and indirectly affect things so you're afraid of changing the core CSS.

Styles isolated to components is a much more scalable approach in my opinion and then it doesn't really matter whether you use Tailwind, CSS-in-JS or scoped CSS (Vue etc).
Anecdotally, almost everyone I know knows about Reddit; almost none of them know Hacker News (outside of a few in the startup industry).
I'm not sure how media mentioning HN as a source is worth a discussion on Hacker News. Could you elaborate on what exactly can be discussed here?
in china and some few region, vpn is the only way to use twitter/Facebook/google and many web services fucked by GFW
Ask HN: Which are the best resources to learn data wrangling, munging, etc.?
Data wrangling is often considered not a beautiful task, to put it nicely. But the skillset is an immensely important one, according to me. It opens new doors in places.

Python is a good scripting language for that purpose. SQL is also helpful (AFAIK). Where to learn all about data wrangling? Are there books, courses, tutorials?

What other tools or languages can one learn for the purpose?
Even at T=0 and run deterministically, the answers still have "randomness" with respect to the exact prompt used. Change wording slightly and you've introduced randomness again even if the meaning doesn't change. It would be the same for a person.

For an llm, a trivial change in wording could produce a big change in answer, same as running it again with a new random seed. "Prompt engineering" is basically overfitting if not approached methodically. For example, it would be interesting to try deliberate permutations of an input that don't change the meaning and see how the answer changes as part of an evaluation.
Show HN: Wildcams from every region in the world to spot your favorite animals
I don't feel this point is strong because when you look at some of the most popular Tailwind components or templates in the ecosystem, such as the one made by the Tailwind people, the Tailwind code is still pretty crazy.