skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There are tools you can use to eliminate or mitigate whole classes of vulnerabilities: memory-safe languages, sandboxing, having a capability-based OS, etc.

They're not widespread, but they reduce your attack surface a lot.
I'm not sure this is good advice, especially considering the context is around novel material.
I'm a fan of the space frisbee method. Use solar energy to melt the metals in space and spin them out into disc shapes, and then launch them at earth.

We can make them ideal sizes and shape to encounter a minimum of drag heating but still small enough to not be a danger should they go off course slightly.
it still blows my mind that OpenAI exposes an API with Functions calling, and yet does not guarantee the model will call your function correctly, in fact, it does not even guarantee the output will be valid JSON.

When this is, really, a solved problem. I've been using github.com/microsoft/guidance for weeks, and it genuinely, truly guarantees correct output, because it simply does not sample from tokens that would be invalid.

It just seems so obvious, I still have no clue why OpenAI does not do this. Like, why fuss around with validating JSON after the fact, when you can simply guarantee it is correct in the first place, by only sampling tokens if they conform to the grammar you are trying to emit?
No, they're attempting to profit from others misery by thinking of buying up the land they have title to during a time when those people there are probably not in a position to refuse even an unfair offer.
Property-Based Testing: Climbing the Stairway to Verification [pdf]
Does anybody actually call Enum.map without parentheses? That's actively discouraged currently.

Enum.map(list, fn do _ -> :ok end)

Is unambiguous

Honestly I do appreciate not having to type two characters, but I'm currently onboarding a bunch of n00bs and they're very puzzled by this one inconsistency
Typo "signiGicant" in abstract.
Is it ok with you if I base my thoughts on my own experiences, rather than this or that claim on a website?

In your experience, can you really read text on paper, once it has been pyrolysed/burnt?
Paul Davis (programmer) is around here somewhere. Maybe not a household name, but he's got a Wikipedia page. I remember because someone challenged him on his level of experience as a programmer, and then someone else linked his Wikipedia page.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36931617

https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=PaulDavisThe1st

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Davis_(programmer)
Thanks for bringing clownfish and relm to my attention! afaik other libraries loop over the entire vocabulary at every step of the generation. We on the other hand build an index at initialization by looping once over the vocabulary. Then generation is just as fast as standard generation.
It's the equivalent of me being able to view the local, unpushed changes you have in whatever directory you git cloned into.

If that sounds somewhat magical, yes, correct.
I had a boss once with a similar viewpoint, so I learned from him how they automated database deployments for Java/Scala apps using Liquibase+Maven and found I could apply and integrate the same principles to testing and deploying a data-layer stored procedure engine I had previously built into a joint product we were building together.

For that project I was able to put SQL DDL+DML+stored procedures in version control, create/run stored procedure (TDD even) unit/integration tests on mock data against other stored procedures, had pass-fail testing/deployment in my CICD tool right alongside native app code, and did some rollback support (although that was more trouble than I think it was worth), all using Liquibase change sets (+git+Jenkins). Flyway could also have worked but we were using Liquibase.

It did require some creative thinking to apply changesets and preconditions and post conditions and ability to have stored procedures execute and read results of other stored procedures.

Last I checked, the system had been used over many years to process/evaluate $50 billion in order transactions.
When the answer is "just go live somewhere else" that's not really an answer.

I've thought a lot about this topic (in the sense of creating car-free cities in america), and it is technically feasible, but only if some benevolent billionaire were basically able to find some viable place, and build an entire city in place, and then create a deal with major employers to move their offices there, somehow fund the relocation of people who have already built a life for themselves elsewhere, and are already high up in these companies with homes and counter-incentives from moving elsewhere, and then somehow getting other people without any economic incentive to also move there.

At the end of the day it's a pie-in-the-sky fantasy. Unless you're trying to court people who already have too much money to worry about housing prices (think Celebration, FL), then there is far, far too much cost and risk involved to do it. There is also a graveyard of failed attempts (see: California City, CA).

The reason why this crisis happened is exactly that we have stopped allowing organic city growth from happening. Fixed-zoning is the problem, and does not allow for incremental growth. That the crisis didn't happen in the 60's is only because the proliferation of the automobile allowed cities to expand outward, but that outward expansion has a limit (when highway capacity is breached in such a way where commuting from exurban distances is completely unfeasible), and we hit that limit around the late 90's, when we saw the first housing crisis.
> Previously, I opted not to give my rationale for the hypothesis in case someone had any reason to refute it.

Maybe I misunderstand but it sounds like you are saying that you thought the reasoning for your hypothesis would not be accepted, you didn't want others to critique its potential problems, but you wanted people to read it anyway.

What value does it add to the discussion then?
The Theory of Special Operations: McRaven, William H
Very interesting fact. Thank you!
I appreciate the reframing here and will attempt to employ it next time, but more and more I'm discovering that I just don't gel with people, even within my own interests. There's something 'missing' in me that others interpret as permission to mistreat or attack.
In the flowchart there's quite a lot of work being done in Lua.
Sounds almost reminiscent of Jamie Zawinski's Law of Software Envelopment: "Every program attempts to expand until it can read mail. Those programs which cannot so expand are replaced by ones which can."
My favorite places in the world are small walkable towns in nature. Sprawling car-centric suburbia has more asphalt than trees. It sucks.
> I don't blame them or any company for exploring how they can monetize every last morsel of data.

I absolutely do, if it's customer data that the company previously promised not to monetize. It's not their data to do with as they please, after all.

But the tech sector has fallen very far in terms of ethics so no company can be trusted. It's just a shame. The public views our industry in a very, very poor light and that view is 100% earned.
> checked exceptions done right/properly

But they fail at including a stacktrace, autobubbling up, auto-unwrap and customizable "hit radius" with a try-catch block (okay, I'm sure some Monadic construct allows for that, but e.g. Rust's version does not).
The fractional chromatic number of the plane is by definition less than or equal to the regular chromatic number of the plane, but already we know for sure that they are not equal. We know that 5 <= X(R^2) <= 7, and we know that 3.8991 <= X_f(R^2) <= 4.3599 [1]. Jaan Parts has unpublished results indicating that 3.9898059 <= X_f(R^2). Our team believes that it is not a coincidence that the long list of X_f(R^2) lower bounds seems to converge to 4, and we conjecture that X_f(R^2)=4. This conjecture would have the interesting implication that our result on m_1(R^2) cannot be obtained via bounding 1/X_f(R^2), and the harmonic analysis apparatus that we use is fundamental to proving Erdős's conjecture.

[1] https://www.sfu.ca/~vjungic/RamseyNotes/Fractional.html
Congratulations! You did it!

https://youtu.be/lI5w2QwdYik
Even as a nature lover, I’d rather live in Manhattan NYC than car-centric suburbia like Central Los Angeles is.
Show HN: Revision History – Show the History of Edits in Google Docs
Would Chinese trademark rules / laws apply here instead of US ones, at least for the purpose of UDRP domain disputes[0]?

0: https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/trademark-infringement...
I always thought he had a cracking voice, he was frequently on various podcasts and I reckon he had one of the best voices for it. Rich deep tones work well in radio and podcast.

I'm sorry to read about this, far far too young.
Certainly, it is at least a start that all the cloud providers are slowly raising the hourly costs for v4 addresses to better reflect scarcity and other externalities. Those costs rise high enough it will be a pressure on corporate bottom lines (and then in turn IaaS tools and many other SaaS providers).
I didn't know Stefan well but had some conversations on LinkedIn. Really cool dude. He had a lot of influence in the API ecosystem with presentations on REST, Hypermedia and such. rip
Don't be afraid to take advantage of Cunningham. if you try asking or looking something up and it's not accessible, you'd be surprised how many people would come swarming once you start writing about it, departed to correct you ad show you links to valuable tribal knowledge.
This is a topic I often see overlooked from the user perspective and I'm happy to see more discussion about this.

My anecdote: when I was working for a B2C startup we had to ensure we billed customers on the correct date, like OP. Timezones are hard; dates are easy (or so we thought). When we billed a customer on their billing date we had to attempt to take payment at a time, which meant that our naive date handling converted that date into midnight UTC on that date, causing many western European customers to be billed at 23:00 or earlier on the previous day from their perspective.

Furthermore, from the operations side we were often dealing things that happened "on a date". I was pushing for at least our internal customer service systems to present two timestamps to agents: the date and time at which the thing occurred in the place that event occurred and also the date and time at which the thing occurred in the customer's location. For example, something being changed about a customer's account at 23:55 in London on a Monday actually happened at 00:55 on Tuesday for the customer in France. However, the timezone information was either not stored or not presented, interfaces were not consistent, and the result was pot luck whether the customer or a member of the customer service team would see Monday or Tuesday.

Timezones are hard. Presenting that information in a contextually appropriate way to your own employees and customers can be just as hard.

I like that the authors of the article have reached similar conclusions, especially around "dates have timezones". I think datetime capture and presentation is a fantastic UX topic.
TypeChat: let's try really hard to try to convince the model to make the highest-scoring tokens follow the grammar we want.

Guidance (and this project?): Let's not even bother with trying to convince the model; instead, we'll only sample from the set of tokens that are guaranteed to be correct for the grammar we want to emit.
There wasn’t a switch. The Republican Party is still very much pro-conservationist. You are spewing talking points from their political enemies.

https://www.rpc.senate.gov/policy-papers/republicans-deliver...
Show HN: OSS tool to finetune and serve LLMs on different clouds
I guess for me it needs to have active self-reflection and the ability to act independently/without directions. I'm sure there are many other criteria if I think about it some more, but those two were missing from your list.
What was so volatile? American democracy. Constitutional law.

The economy matters, but some things matter more.
I just left a comment along these lines, but realistically it's probably cheaper to just re-emit than to add the machinery that enables this to their existing architecture.

At most I could have seen them maybe running a schema validator against the output and re-requesting on your behalf, but even that's probably cheaper for them to do client side (I will say, I'm surprised their API wrapper hasn't been updated to do this yet)
One conspicuous omission in the ex-google is reflection on killed products like Google Wave, Plus, Glass etc etc etc .. for many of the [whatever] was the gross imbalance between Eng owning the product but ignoring the userbase.

What ex-googlers often fail to grapple with is the product lifecycle (how short it may be) and the value of having diversity in the loop of product testing. Google is designed to be a safe place to focus, and that’s not what the real world is like outside the plex.
This, exactly. Nixon created the EPA, after all. Now, that org is the incarnation of evil to the right.
Should I move to the mountains to finish my phd?
Very cool! How much latency does it add?
And as can be seen from the weak provided rationale, the IEEE-754 spec rather sucks. Javascript would probably have been a better language had it diverged from it.
It's going both directions - that's how polarization works, and this is an increasingly polarizing topic.
"Officer" is indeed a subclass of "Person", but the former includes a StateAuthority mixin that modifies its acceptable and expected behavior in a number of ways that make it unreasonable to blindly substitute one for the other.
The voter base is led by the nose by the funding base. For both parties.
It's been a bit since I've used Django, but I believe you can just swap the order so the kwarg comes last.

filter( Q(column_b__isnull=True)|Q(column_b='value2'),
column_a='value1',
)

Or just turn it into another Q

.filter(Q(column_a='value1'), Q(column_b__isnull=True)|Q(column_b='value2'))
My experience road-tripping around North America has shown me exactly the opposite: there are people living everywhere it is feasible to live, and then some. Anywhere there is water, there are people drinking it; anywhere there is flattish ground with any amount of water that can be piped in, there are people farming it; anywhere there are trees, people are logging them; anywhere there is grass, cows are grazing it. If land has no people, there is always some good reason nobody wants to live there. My experience is biased toward the west side of the continent; perhaps things are different elsewhere.
Good to know, thank you.

If you still happen to have the technical detail you sent off somewhere, that seems like it would be a great reference for starting to learn what to look for. Hell I'm sure HN would appreciate it as a submission (assuming it actually gets eyes and doesn't die in new)

I hadn't really cared about this topic, because it adds yet more cognitive overhead and I was relying on mozilla to care. Seems this faith was misplaced.
Hon Hai [Foxconn] Announces Second Quarter 2023 Financial Results
Hon Hai Announces Second Quarter 2023 Financial Results

Hon Hai, aka Foxconn, is the latest to indicate an industry downturn.

"However, considering many external variables, in response to uncertainties such as global monetary tightening, geopolitical tensions, and inflation, the full-year outlook is now expected to slightly decline, from previous flattish expectations."
The intent is definitely for web clients to be full, equal participants with P2P connectivity.
That's a tall tail now
ehhhh I think some customers would be ok with it if it meant discounts. If your software is good enough, you can tell customers to go elsewhere. The theory is that AI done well can be incredibly powerful ($$$) so you have to build it or risk being left behind.
I wonder how pure oxygen (at low pressure to avoid toxicity) would work. There's still a substantial fire risk, as the Apollo 1 fire demonstrated, but unlike flammable filler gases it won't immediately kill you with a single spark. With a sufficiently fire-proof environment, and a full body fire-proof suit, maybe it could be done.

EDIT: Although it seems the Apollo 1 fire happened with a pressurized oxygen atmosphere, not reduced pressure. Still, reduced pressure has its own dangers, because there could be sudden re-compression if the vacuum chamber failed. Re-compression barotrauma appears to be poorly studied (people don't usually work in partial vacuum). Or you could get crushed to death by the vacuum chamber imploding.
I'm not sure where you're going with that. I'm not saying that a compilation has to be 1-to-1, I'm saying that Erlang's VM will always spend cycles type checking at runtime regardless of how thorough your compiler is. And I believe that's all José is saying in the article you're quoting from.
The stuff you're complaining about seems limited to a little bit of POV text in the first seven (!) sentences of a rather long article. Does it really bug you so much that they gave you just a tiny taste of the perspective of a woman who works on this stuff? That seems a bit much. This kind of text is everywhere in science journalism.
Why are we acting like Mr Beast didn't also steal the moniker from Mr Beast (of Exit Through The Gift Shop notoriety)?
I posted this in another comment but if you know ThePrimeagen on Twitter/YouTube, he worked on Falcor (the precursor to this GraphQL change) and he talks more about it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yab6i9lrEv0. TLDR, monolith made it hard for them to continue adding features.
Eh, money is only a factor when it comes to scale. That is, Google can afford to hire 30 engineers to support their CI infra, you can't.

Everything else isn't. Unit tests aren't a luxury that Google's infinite riches allow it to have - they pay dividends whenever code exists for more than a few weeks.

You can bet your ass Google engineers don't write unit tests for throwaway code.

CI saves time, and while Google can maintain a team you can afford to pay for Jenkins or GitHub Actions, because not paying for them is more expensive - if your company is to survive for more than 3 months.
Indeed, this remains an empirical question.
Usually the atomicity I care about is with regard to newpath: I either observe no file/previous file at newpath, or I observe the new file at newpath. This is in opposition to a copy for example, where I might observe a partially-written file.

This is a great point though, when taking oldpath into account the operation is not atomic. TIL
With the obvious exception of sites correctly associated to the country of their domain.

A tourist attraction in Guernsey can very reasonably use .gg and maintain full credibility.
Ask HN: Favorite examples of publicly available Airflow repos?
Hi folks,

I'm just starting on an Airflow-powered project for what I imagine is a pretty standard ETL setup. The "L" is to an 3rd party service for analytics, rather than just to another database table.

Regardless of how you may feel about that, I'd like to end up with something sane a year from now.

Do you have any good public examples of good Airflow practices? I've read a lot of the docs and watched some more "advanced" Udemy coursework, but I'm particularly looking to get a feel for stuff like:

Where do you put large intermediate results between tasks? How do you organize your DAGs? How much of your work is just blitting CSVs around? :)

Any pointers would be welcomed, thanks.
Your comment about being continuously narked reminded me how in early human history people relied on low-alcohol beer as a safe water supply. So back then it was a double-whammy.

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-conflicted-hi...
Trees are cleared constantly, everywhere, to build homes. Whether each case should be treated as part of an unsustainable "destruction of wilderness" is based on a universe of variables, subjective and otherwise, but no matter what the conversation looks like, the implication that it is "obviously" always unacceptable is unrealistic.
Sending an email to yourself
This is true, but will those companies actually stay in a place like Montana or would they just go... elsewhere? Rural areas aren't the most attractive places for business.
> maybe running a schema validator against the output and re-requesting on your behalf

this is the part that blows my mind. You don't have to do this! You don't have to sample the entire output, and then validate after the fact.

You're not required to greedily pick the token with the highest score. You get the scores of all tokens, on every forward pass! So why even waste time picking invalid tokens if you're just going to validate and retry later on??

(note: when I say "you" here, I mean whoever is hosting the model. It is true that OpenAI does not expose all token scores, it only gives you back the highest-scoring one. So a client-side library is not able to perform this grammar-based sampling.

BUT, OpenAI themselves host host the model, and they see all token outputs, with all scores. And in the same API request, they allow you to pass the "function definition" as a JSON schema. So why not simply apply that function definition as a mask on the token outputs? They could do this without exposing all token scores to you, which they seem very opposed to for some reason.)
It can use another node that it knows about for hole punching. Some info here: https://veilid.com/framework/networking/
Doesn't every business wish they could charge rich people more than poor people?
It should hopefully be a quick change to llama.cpp to add a mask per grammar state to bring it in line with your generation method; I don't think the two are incompatible, thankfully.

I do wonder how much you win here by masking the tokens? You still need to iterate along the output vector to apply the mask. Masking on the accelerator still requires filtering on the CPU side? Compared to running the language model, the cost of iterating over the edges in the grammar seems small.
> I was around for the mp3 "revolution", so I'll add to the author's discussion point about the ipod.

There won't be an agreement here because it's just semantics. The opposite sounds very true as well. Let's reverse it.

"The thousand-songs-in-your-pocket sales pitch was more than a feature-- it was a lifestyle/concept."

It sounds.... exactly the same to me. Both words (lifestyle vs feature) have the exact same impact if it's the final word.