skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yeah. He quit (or they didn't want him any more, I don't know) the Atlantic Council job too.

I think he has an ambivalent relationship to these organisations, though he gets very mad at anyone who brings it up. He publicly supported Corbyn, which is absolutely not something you expect an Atlantic Council fellow to do. And as I said, he refused to defend a certain political movement in Ukraine (I seemed to get flagged for calling them what they are, and what Higgins has called them too...), right when most of the press got busy "nuancing" what they'd written earlier on then. He has also written negatively about UK arms deals with Saudi Arabia.

All this is things I respect Higgins for. He was never a simple warblogger, of the kind we saw plenty of at the run-up to the Iraq war.

Oryx though, was. On the other hand he didn't try to court the mil-int crowd. And I'm glad he ultimately doesn't want to go down the path of the war-honking NAFO trolls.
He has bought options... This is just a contract with a nominal fee attached to buy or sell an instrument at a pre determined price at a point in the future. The fee a small amount compared to the price of the share. So yeah he has tied up a small amount of capital to do this.
This thing seems to open a whole lot of attack vectors in addition to wireguard's ports. Is it worth it?
While a nice quote and possibly even true, Lenin's totalitarian "communism" is not the goal of socialism.

Communism was supposed to be a stateless utopia, and Lenin definitely did not get rid of the state. His wasn't even a dictatorship of the proletariat, it's a dictatorship by a small elite.

Social democracy is much closer to a "dictatorship" of the proletariat, because there workers actually have a voice.

It's important to realise that when Marx wrote his thing, many "democracies" still didn't allow poor people to vote. Marx would have been much happier about western capitalist denocracies than about Soviet communism. Although obviously the next step has to be to get money out of politics. And out of news media. Giving the people a voice doesn't help much if they're easily manipulated by the rich and powerful.
My guy’s persecution is so complex he’s even being oppressed in countries he’s never been too.
Credit card is a rarity in Europe, because what we call a "credit card" is actually a debit card. Credit card are available at a premium, and while they offer some other advantages, few people use those. Visiting the US is actually one of the compelling reasons to get one.

In France (and I'm going to guess similar rules exist in other EU countries), businesses are required to accept at least 2 different payment options. They choose which 2, for example Apple Store accepts cards or ... cash. Buying a Mac with cash is a funny albeit slightly stressful experience.
This same guy also allegedly held hostage an employee he suspected of defrauding him [1]. But the lawsuit was latter tossed, lol

1 - https://www.forbes.com/sites/christopherhelman/2012/10/14/bi...
Seatbelts made cars more expensive for people who didn't want them and a person without a seatbelt is much more likely to traumatize someone in an accident with their easier and more gruesome death.

Few decisions are made in a vacuum with no impact to others.
> Maybe instead of Git you mean GitHub

Without involving github at all, you can use git directly to push branches to a remote repository and then have it be merged by the maintainers there, which leads to a workflow that's pretty similar to the one you have with github.

Instead, Linux is being worked on by exporting the (git) patches and sharing them on a mailing list, effectively not using a significant feature of git and leading to a very different workflow than the one everyone else is using (github users and others alike), so I still find the question legitimate.
That is not the definion I'm accustomed to. To me, invasive means both "non-native" and causing an issue to the indeginous ecosystem.

Found an article which seem to mirror my understanding of the terms:

"Invasive: a species of plant or animal that outcompetes other species, causing damage to an ecosystem." https://lakes.grace.edu/native-non-native-invasive-species/
… is it not? Well written fanfiction is still well written. I mean, look at Monty Python And The Holy Grail. Is that not well written Arthurian fanfiction?
In fairness the business pricing isn't really out of reach for an individual (assuming US-based tech worker).

Think it's perfectly fine to tier features and make some stuff gated at a higher price.

Especially when you consider that it's a one time purchase and also it's an editor for a standard that will never change (you won't have to upgrade in a year to support features in the latest version of CSV)
Or better still, stop pretending there's any real limit on how long a publication can be.
Seatbelts also protect the other occupants of the car from having a body thrown at them at high speeds.
It's not really that people wanted the doorbell to be made "smart"; it's that advances in consumer electronics eventually enabled the existence of a security/surveillance camera that can be easily deployed to a high-priority location (your entrance) using the ~20V power supply most homes already have wired into the perfect location for it.
Looks like the article is behind a paywall, so I only read the abstract, but it looks that there is a significant flaw in this study. There are really many really various religions out there, and the results _might_ depend heavily on the choice of religion. As a thought experiment, consider a fictional example religion where A.I. is treated as a god, compared to the religions of the Dune universe (where A.I. is a taboo).
Sounds like Rama is also useful for small scale applications (where high scalability isn’t needed), since it simplifies how they’re implemented.

Is this the case — ie. would a TodoMVC app implemented in Rama also be much simpler than a traditional frontend/backend/database CRUD implementation?
>rejects a credit card transaction due to fraud risk

This actually happened to me yesterday, thing is, the merchant doesn’t use paypal or anything except card, so kind of suck it up :/
That was one of my early experiences with scrum too. That said, I get it; from a higher up management position point of view, scrum gives you stability and predictability, which is what you build businesses with. Unfortunately, most companies are like this.

But there should be space for creativity and originality as well. Since this article is about Google, back when they were still considered a great place to work, one major factor was their "20% time"; they acknowledge that most of the work is boring, so they gave you a day a week to work on more creative endeavours. Every software company should do this. Don't make it an occasional hackathon kinda thing, make it part of every sprint or week or month or whichever unit. Give people freedom to create, without expectations.

Because if you don't give them that space, they will take it.
This would be true if I believed your argument is sound, but I don't believe that. You say terrorism is not appropriate, and we should do these other things. My question for you is, what should we do if those things have been ineffective? The goal is to get you to think more about what your are saying. Generally I would say the solution is to use every legal measure at our disposal including lawsuits[1], plus peaceful protest including blockades, to stop new fossil fuel projects from advancing and show corporations and politicians that we will not stop until the projects end. We also must learn about and pressure politicians to adopt rail and bike transit projects which aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in our cities. We must advocate for right to repair so existing machinery is not discarded in favor of the manufacture of more equipment and its associated emissions. We must advocate for veganism and an end to extreme meat consumption and all of the emissions associated with it. There is SO MUCH we can do beyond personal habits and voting.

[1] https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-youth-montana-tria...
I think the Bitter Lessons do not consider two important points with regards to neural nets :

1. Not all nets work for all problems, those that work tend to have the right inductive biases. We discovered the architectures partially by trial an error, nevertheless they work because of encoded prior information.

2. Data and computation are bounded. GPT4 was basically trained on all text, further advancements probably need more insight not more data.
even this is true, there are vast amount of people will killed by typhoon, drought, storm and other disaster. in another way, it is posible that global warming can kill all creature on earth bfore polar become fertile.
> Frankly, nothing the EU or the USA is doing at this point will matter, if Asia carries on doing what they are doing.

Perhaps something that EU or the USA ends up doing, will make Asia not to carry what they are doing?

> We need to either invent technology (which we are) to reduce emissions, or even extract them from the air, OR we need some crazy form of diplomacy to stop Asia from growing

This seems to give some hope that EU or the USA can do something on their own, which feels like it may even matter. Or did you mean "AND" instead of "OR"?
> is it just to cause a nuisance by causing target accounts to incur fees?

Most likely, they give money to a random email address using a stolen card, then dispute it and receive that money back, but now it's clean money because it comes from Paypal.
Has anyone made the joke to you that "you're on mute" because the camera is off?
Ask HN: Given the Data Processing Inequality, Can LLMs Produce Novel Knowledge?
I'm intrigued by the foundational data that powers models like GPT or LLM. Imagine this data, which encapsulates a vast majority of human knowledge, as a random variable Z. Now, let's entertain the idea of another random variable, O, symbolizing the entirety of universal knowledge - a realm beyond our current grasp. Theoretically, infinite sampling from O could help us with novel scientific discovery.

When we sample from Z, we obtain strings that serve as training samples for the auto-regressive predictions of models like GPT. Let's further delineate the training process of such a model as a pure function, represented as:

W_trained = f(D, W_init, R, S)

Where:

- D stands for the dataset (samples drawn from Z),

- W signifies all the trainable parameters (both their initialized and post-training states),

- R is the seed used for any randomness during training,

- And S, to simplify, encompasses other requisite states or variables, such as the optimizer's momentum state.

The essence is that f is a deterministic function, meaning given the same inputs, it will always produce the same output.

Post-training, we employ the function y = g(x, W_trained) for inference. This function g, which was also utilized within f, enables us to interact with another random variable, X. We can think of X as analogous to Z but more in line with real-world test sets or actual user inputs. Consequently, Y represents the outcomes of multiple invocations of g, with each x sampled from X.

Building upon this framework, we can conceptualize a Markov chain defined as: O -> Z -> W_trained -> Y. Implicit in this chain is the assumption that X doesn't introduce any additional information to the system.

Drawing from the principles of the Data Processing Inequality (DPI) [1] and the concept of mutual information, we can infer:

I(O;Y) ≥ I(Z;Y) ≥ I(W_trained;Y)

Interpreting this inequality, the mutual information between 'the entirety of universal knowledge' (O) and the output of our trained model (Y) is always greater than or equal to the mutual information between the dataset (Z) and the output (Y). Further, this latter mutual information is always greater than or equal to the mutual information between the trained weights (W_trained) and the output (Y).

In simpler terms, the mutual information between the knowledge generated by the trained LLM (Y) and the encompassing universal knowledge (O) will always be constrained by the mutual information that the LLM's trained weights have with the generated knowledge.

So, now my question, how can an LLM generate novel insights? Considering the data processing inequality, it seems it shouldn't be able to produce knowledge beyond what's contained in dataset Z, unless I(O;Y) = I(Z;Y), which would suggest that the entirety of universal knowledge is part of the training data.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_processing_inequality
You may be relieved to know that Edison never killed an elephant. The elephant's owners killed it and held a barbaric public event. Employees of the Edison Film Company filmed the event, as a sort of early newsreel (one among many around that time), which is how Edison's name got associated with it. But Edison himself was completely uninvolved, and his company did nothing to bring the event about. The notion that this was some sort of public demonstration against DC current is a complete myth. For one thing, it took place a decade after the war of the currents.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocuting_an_Elephant?wpro...
You’re the OS is a game that will make you feel for your poor, overworked system
I think you're focusing on the percieved biggest part of the problem and ignoring that it's both possible and useful to adress other parts. Especially if you can't do anything about the big one.
The Western manufacturers claim everything's fine [1][2][3]. The Chinese manufacturers... does it really matter what they say? My personal opinion is that it's not a particularly good use of time to worry about this given all the other hells in the modern consumer-industrial complex. Which is perhaps a bit defeatist, but one must pick one's battles, and this battle is not my battle.

[1]: https://www.kyocera-avx.com/docs/corporate/Responsible-Miner...

[2]: https://www.kemet.com/content/dam/kemet/lightning/documents/...

[3]: https://www.vishay.com/docs/49037/rmsa(cmp)9-2021.pdf
Not a good sign that they're including people on the list based on random online accusations. Nice work defending women by repeating baseless accusations about them.

See the hot dog eating competition mentioned at the bottom.

Here's members of the mentioned anti-trans forum, equally split between being angry that "they are everywhere" and pointing out there's no actual evidence that it is really the case in this instance.

They seem to conclude that it was a stupid twitter joke by a c-list celebrity that became a Daily Mail headline.

https://ovarit.com/o/SaveWomensSports/36225/women-s-hot-dog-...
Semi-related: I really like the typeface/layout on that site!
Counterpoint: The other reason for scrum style sprints is predictability.

You can set deadlines like "feature X needs to be done by August", but that leads to overworking, cutting corners, etc.

You can instead set the scope / features - like you said, a browser has a long list of features that need to be built - apply a score / weight to them (story points), work in iterations, see how much of that relative score is done per iteration, then plot that so you can say "If we keep going like this, feature X will be done by August".

And if it needs to be done sooner, the project manager just has to put it higher up in the list.
Tackling the Weaknesses of BertScore
In this documentation for Confident AI, I outline a few weaknesses to BertScore and why it needs to be coupled with entailment to be a useful testing component for LLMs.
That isn't a team, that's a department; I presume those people are either explicitly or implicitly divided into smaller teams / responsibilities?
There’s no AI or offshoring death spiral. Companies overhired for years when they had access to cheap money (low interest rates). Now we see the correction in the form of layoffs and hiring freezes. Look outside of tech companies and you will see plenty of jobs in other industries. Those companies will prefer business domain experience.

A lot of developers with little experience will now discover that most employers don’t really care about stacks or leetcode, React or Node, Rust or C++. In the world of FAANG and startups imitating the tech giants, maybe, because other developers run the interview process. In the rest of world employers want to hire people who can add business value and solve actual problems.

The most durable and lucrative skills I have all date from decades ago: Unix system admin, C and C++, and relational databases with SQL. If I had to pick one today I would choose SQL. In five years no one will remember React/Redux, but Oracle experts will do fine.

People calling themselves “full stack” when they can’t write an aggregate query in SQL or change permissions on a directory in Linux make me laugh. The software business suffers way too much from fads and fashion to invest your career in one or two things that seem hot right now. Better to master the core technologies and work on foundational knowledge. I got lucky — a mentor told me that early in my career, almost 40 years ago. Still good advice.
I'm not saying he was right, I'm just stating what he was writing about the greenhouse effect at the time; so unlike what OP suggested, he wasn't warning people about it, quite the opposite, he was celebrating it.
It is used in The definition of Standard ML to define the syntax and semantics
of the language. That is the most "in the wild" usage I'm familiar with in the sense that it gives a formal specification of the language, which has been used across multiple implementations of the language successfully...

https://smlfamily.github.io/sml90-defn.pdf
Social skills is almost the opposite of being toxic.
While this wont affect 99.9% of us, I am very happy what this will mean for further kubernetes adoption.

VMS are a concept of older times and should be replaced by containers.
YES; there is still use for VM's but everyone and their mother migration to k8s will mean wonders for portability of applications and more.
Indeed. There were people earnestly discussing 'prediction markets' and their analysis/probabilities that this was real.

I mean, given the condensed matter physicist in the video is essentially saying "I'm pretty sure it's wrong, based on these obvious red flags, but there's always some possibility" I suspect that the random opinions of non subject-matter experts is largely irrelevant.
Which people and hashtags? Trying to check it out but struggling to find relevant content. Is there a tech community somewhere? The ones I found appeared to be dead.
the TIOBE index
If it's so hard to list them, surely it is much harder to collect them?
PayPal is the pinnacle of stupidity. I've sold the same digital product many thousand times, and this has happened multiple times:

Some customers decides to try to get it for free by paying and then creating a PayPal claim by lying that someone else made the purchases or that it was not delivered. And this usually works, and people tell others, so more people abuse it.

Basically every single time someone tries to commit "friendly fraud" as the card networks calls and it(customer tries to scam seller by lying), there are a handful of transactions from one person. PayPal usually rules 90 % of the cases in favor of the buyer.

However, there can be 20 purchases during just a couple of hours from one person and card, and somehow PayPal is certain that purchase 6 and 10 was legit, while the rest was someone who used the card without permission. That seems probable, right? Even on a account with a flawless record for over 10 years I've had this happen so many times. Usually when this happens I have to spend hours on this and contact PayPal by phone to get the money back. Usually the customer gets the money too, for some absurd reason.

PayPal's fraud system is absolutely garbage, and so is the standard email support. Contacting account managers at least gives you what seems to be a human response.

I too got my PayPal account limited in 2012 as a result of a scammer who abused PayPal disputes.

The solution is super simple: make buyers pay to create PayPal claims and use the money to have real people quickly look over the cases. This is similar to how cases are handled for card networks.

Was the claim legit? Money back, including the claim fee. The merchant has to pay a fee, same way as today.

Was the claim not legit? Basically free money for PayPal, and some should probably be shared with the merchant for helping out with solving the fake claim.

At least in europe the scams on PayPal has mostly shifted from "unauthorized use" to "not delivered" as a result of strong consumer authentication.
Oh my god I remember Aviary!

I was truly mind blown by how amazing those tools were in the browser. And so many different applications too!

Really impressive product! I can’t imagine it was easy trying to find a profitable market with the competition you had. But it was an infinitely useful suite and a technical marvel.
Doesn’t “well-written” imply “good”? Or is there a nuance I’m missing?
This is not generally true, sometimes quantisation can improve accuracy. I haven't seen that with LLMs yet though.
I have had a card that could work for online payments for nearly 20 years... They really were not very rare in many places of Europe.
Tim Wu makes a similar point in his book The Attention Merchants. Humans are interested in things and throughout time various people and media (which tends to be controlled by a small number of people) have been working to capture our attention. It is very hard to totally opt out of something that is so pervasive, like fish trying to ignore water.
You are right. I'm one that believes that the market will continue its downturn for a few more weeks but there's no way I would bet 80% of my portfolio even if I was 99.99% sure of a downturn. I know better and I'm an amateur. Burry is a professional, he knows better than to be so reckless. The news article is just reporting nonsense. With options it's easy to lose it all even if ultimately you were right since options expire after a period of time. You have to be very careful if you decide to use them as an investment tool. I have no doubt he's betting on a downturn but he's not betting most of his assets. What ever it is, it's small relative to his portfolio.
Some of the things you mention are not like the others, and many are not terrorism.

To this line which I hear from time to time: "My question for you is, what should we do if those things have been ineffective?"

I say, keep thinking. Specially if your answer is terrorism or para-terrorist activities.
All systemic change is hard, but it can happen, and when it does, it’s because people kept pushing and pushing in whatever small way they could. Your line of questioning above is how people argue themselves into inaction (or radicalization).
Ask HN: How do you handle 2FA with your OV certificate in a USB stick
> Starting June 1, 2023, both EV and OV code signing certificates require two-factor authentication. They may be shipped on an encrypted USB hardware token.

Before this we had an automated process for signing but now the use of the USB and 2FA completely disrupted our process. I guess more companies are facing this issue as well so I'm wondering what are the common practices out there if there are any or if you have managed to keep your automatic signing process after obtaining a new certificate.
> You can surely justify doing whatever you want regardless of how bad it is if your justification is that you're saving all humanity. Even killing the people you want to save.

This is a snide way of saying that no valid justification can possibly exist. Yet you probably think dropping a nuclear bomb on Japan was a good idea. So clearly valid justifications for extreme levels of forceful action against an unwilling party -- far, far, far more extreme than blowing up an oil pipeline -- can and do exist.
Not having kids isn't a sacrifice. Not having kids is the default. Children, just like smoking or drug addiction (or driving ICE cars), are opt-in.