skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/oct/13/almost-7...

Animal populations experience average decline of almost 70% since 1970, report reveals

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jul/10/earths-s...

Earth's sixth mass extinction event under way, scientists warn

https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/22287498/meat-wildlife-bi...

The way we eat could lead to habitat loss for 17,000 species by 2050 - two recent studies underscore the danger the meat production system poses for biodiversity

https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2216573120

Farmland practices are driving bird population decline across Europe

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/brv.12974

More losers than winners: investigating Anthropocene defaunation through the diversity of population trends

https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/our-glob...

Our global food system is the primary driver of biodiversity loss

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26231772/

Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption

https://phys.org/news/2023-04-climate-crisis-biodiversity-ap...

The climate crisis and biodiversity crisis can't be approached separately, says study
If you catch it quick, yes. But it's quite easy to get locked out of editing soon after submission.
Disney will promably dominate in the very near future. They own most of the content. But they didn't go the Netflix route of one streaming service with all the content. They'll have dozens of different thematic services that you can subscribe separately (Disney plus, hulu, espn, etc) or in a bundle. Basically exactly like cable but on demand. And every other service will basically die out because their content doesn't pull in new users.
Follows the shape of the gulf coast from northwest FL to Mexico approximately which would track the southwesterly flow of people
I would actually like to see the FTC or DoJ start putting hard limits on the length and losses the companies can run, or at least tax companies that run intentional losses.

I get it, you run losses to start a new business, but if your prices are provably unsustainably low, with no profitability in sight, then your business model is anti-competitive, period.
It appears that Chesterton’s Fence applies to bio-science as well!
> “Elon has been talking about X, the everything app, for a very long time,” Yaccarino said in an interview with CNBC’s Sara Eisen. “Even when we announced that I was joining the company, I was joining the company to partner with Elon to transform Twitter into X, the everything app.”

So she's confirming what most have suspected and many have been saying: Musk wants to kill Twitter. (Indeed, has already done so!).

He wants to use its infrastructure as a base to make an entirely different product.
That's true. But dysfunctional families come at all income levels, and making sure kids have enough to eat and somewhere safe to do homework is 100% possible without fixing all of society's problems.
An early look at HNSW performance with pgvector
Ah I see, so like Rock Auto vs ChatGPT
Here's a post I made 10 months ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32940320

Also, the NYT acquisition was in early 2022. https://www.npr.org/2022/01/31/1077089945/nyt-wordle
Are you saying people who make "true art" should not be doing it for reward, or should not be as interested in money as non-artists? This is enormously reductive and is quite a modern idea. Most artists in history have made art for gain.

It is a bold strategy to suggest that Nick Cave is confused by ideas of income and art. I don't care who you are: on this topic, Cave is almost 100% certainly better informed than you (or me).
Longtermists argue that we will be harvesting hawking radiation from blackholes trillions of years after the heat death of the universe.
> 7% of GTO reports identified individuals or entities connected to ongoing FBI cases

So... 93% of people had their privacy violated for no reason. And that was with the current highly targeted measure. When it is applied to all real estate purchases it'll be more like 99.9%. But sure, we should be willing to give anything to satisfy a handful of "transparency activists" who don't do anything besides complain all day (read about the scandals at Transparency International and you'll find that perhaps these people are not the saintly do-gooders they are reported to be).
The HUD disagrees with the author.

Author: what [affordable housing] actually means: subsidized, rent regulated, usually awarded, housing.

HUD: Affordable housing is generally defined as housing on which the occupant is paying no more than 30 percent of gross income for housing costs, including utilities. ( https://archives.hud.gov/local/nv/goodstories/2006-04-06glos... / https://www.huduser.gov/portal/pdredge/pdr-edge-featd-articl...)

HUD defines affordable housing in terms of, well, its affordability. The author attempts to define it in terms of attributes secondary at best to affordability.

To the extent there's a discrepancy between the definitions of the federal government agency in charge of such matters and a random author on substack (who cites no source for their definitional claim), I'm going to go with the agency.
Creating biblical-grade art with soul is probably a poor use-case for ChatGPT.
I imagine many customers will opt for simplicity, some will opt to pay more for properly built installations with integrated cooling and enjoy the advertised benefits, and some will opt for cut-rate installations that will prematurely fail, thinking they got a deal.

That seems to be the general pattern whenever a new, non-trivial, innovation is introduced.
Big Business: The disarray and discontent at Forbes
> Yaccarino said X’s trust and safety team is “healthier” than it was when it was publicly traded. “You might not agree” with all posts, Yaccarino added.

What does it mean for the trust and safety team to be "healthy"? It's such a non-answer to any possible question.
I rode the A and the 2/3/4 lines usually. Try standing near the edge of the track. You'll get a whiff. It's not just that either, there's also a ton of litter and way more homeless people in the system than I've seen anywhere else. It's unhygienic to the point that it's a joke to New Yorkers not to get on a train car that's empty. Never seen that elsewhere.

Of course the state of the subway is a reflection of the city as a whole rather than an isolated issue, and that's true everywhere in my experience.
Won't happen but a bit of communism would help. Government specs and purchases induction stoves and sends a trucks around and replaces all the crap electric stoves one neighborhood at a time. Basic idea better to just do it as a coordinated project than piecemeal.

Other thought about decommissioning gas lines. When doing infrastructure projects that require digging moving gas utilities is a big big hassle and expense. Getting rid of natural gas lines would make that stuff easier.
Unless you're, y'know, Aaron Swartz.
This is doubly true in California, where adding PV means dealing with PG&E. Also, if you're grandfathered in on a NEM 2 electricity bill rate, then they apparently penalize you for upgrading your installation (by forcing you onto NEM 3).
I mean it feels like an affront - these people go to top schools because they want people like me out of eyesight because I don’t have “merit”. It does frankly feel personal.

I would have never gotten into a good school for undergrad and have no chance at a top grad school. It just feels like it’s all over for me.
The ice cream was to ease the pain. The cold calms the exposed nerves.
I think you might be able to trick the type checker to accept union types, but I'm not sure. I know intersection types are possible, but they are not really useful for exceptions.

Regarding practicality - I've used this feature when implementing a visitor class API, so it definitely has some use cases.

The biggest problem is that all it takes is a single method in the chain which does not support this pattern (think java.util.stream). For internal code it's pretty easy to decorate all functions that take callback lambdas, etc.
For some homeowners looking at a residential installation, the added independence itself is a feature (as is the autonomy to be able to slightly accelerate the world's shift to renewables -- the average person does not get to participate in deciding when and where to build a grid-scale solar installation).

Of course, reducing a home's energy consumption would be even more preferable than just offsetting it with localized generation - but reality is complicated.
The problem isn't whether the conclusions you draw are favorable or not, it's that they are not legitimate. It's getting tiresome that I have to repeat it: I'm not at all arguing either in favor of Perl, or against the "write-only" narrative that imo applies to other languages as well, including C++, Scala, Common Lisp, Ruby and whatnot, and I quite clearly know what it means when somebody says Raku is a "write-only" language. Newsflash: it's not about visual appeals, it's about mental portability across people.

> You do realize, I hope, that saying stuff like this doesn't really make the "write-only language" cavil that's dogged Perl throughout its history seem any less fair...

Surprising, right? I frankly cannot parse that sentence but yes, by now I really hope it's clear that I'm not arguing with the "write-only" narrative. I'm arguing that there is a world of things where software doesn't have to be about sticking to the same monolithic code base for decades and pass it around across dozens of people. That there is a world where it is indeed more important to write code than to read it.

> And once again I am saying you have failed as yet to convince me those possibilities might offer productive benefit, especially when I have yet to see the theoretical advantage of language flexibility in microservices materialize in practice.

I hope I suceeded in convincing you about factual things about signatures, reflection and the existence of accumulation. I don't have research studies about the productivity of various programming languages in a microservice-based architecture; if you have something like that, I will be happy to read it.

> Instead you seem to plead language flexibility in microservices more or less as an excuse, on the idea that niche languages for which knowledgeable engineers are rare as hen's teeth face no barrier here because, after all, you can always throw the code away and write more. And that is not convincing

This is not convincing because it's a strawman. Let's throw the "niche language" part away and let's replace "after all, you can always throw the code away and write more" (which is true but indeed no argument) with "a small, single-purpose, well-tested tool of any sort is best replaced when that single purpose wears out". Which is what I stated. And it makes sense, given that it was designed and tested around one single purpose. Maintenance is not a virtue but a common technical necessity. If you don't know when to let go of software, then ironically enough, you might as well have been exposed to too much Perl.

Anyway, considering the topics you did not respond to, one can deduce what points I did nail. Also, it seems we are getting away from the insult motive, that way it may be more useful for somebody who just reads.
"Why do we have not so many great individual players anymore but great teams? "

IMO this hasn't changed as much as it seems from the outside. The brilliant individual leaders of the past owed most of their success to their team members, and most high-functioning teams today, if you study how they work internally, do actually have a key leader who is aligning everyone around a shared vision. What's changed is that it's no longer seen as a positive to boost the profile of the leader too far the rest of the team.
> So she's confirming what most have suspected and many have been saying: Musk wants to kill Twitter.

This feels like giving him too much credit for forethought. Killing Twitter would kill the "everything app" too. All of the everything apps (e.g. WhatsApp) that already exist have a messaging component.
ChatGPT v4 Technical Article Version of this long-form post: Apollonian Circle Packings and the Local-Global Conjecture

Background:

- Apollonian circle packings is the study of how circles can fit into a larger circle.

- Rather than using diameter to measure these circles, mathematicians employ curvature — the inverse of the radius. The smaller the circle, the larger its curvature.

- When the first four circles have an integer curvature, all subsequent circles in the packing will also have integer curvatures.

- Mathematicians later focused on identifying which integers emerge as the circles shrink and the curvatures grow.

Key Developments:

1. Local-Global Conjecture: Elena Fuchs proved in 2010 that curvatures conform to a certain relationship. This led to the belief known as the local-global conjecture, which claims that all possible numbers within each category must appear in the circle packings.

2. Testing the Conjecture: James Rickards created software to examine any desired arrangement of circle packings. When researchers Summer Haag and Clyde Kertzer started using the software, they anticipated observing the regular patterns of the local-global rule.

3. A Surprise Discovery: After conducting extensive plotting, Haag observed patterns that didn't align with the local-global conjecture. This suggested that the conjecture may not hold universally.

4. Disproving the Conjecture: Upon further analysis, it was determined that the observed patterns indicated that the local-global conjecture was false. The team developed a rigorous proof, utilizing the principle of quadratic reciprocity, which explained why certain curvatures can't be tangent to each other.

Implications:

- The discovery was met with significant interest and surprise in the mathematical community.

- The work questions the validity of other conjectures in number theory that have been largely assumed to be true.

Conclusion:

The study of Apollonian circle packings led to the challenge and ultimate disproval of the previously accepted local-global conjecture. This outcome underscores the importance of testing long-held beliefs in mathematics and the potential surprises that can emerge from seemingly simple problems.
This is probably a good start https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_model

It's traditionally fairly challenging to implement a relatively straightforward graphical model, but automatic differentiation changed that. Some people are working on getting the best of graphical models and black box models (like neural networks), which is where things like this come in.

Because it's jax, you get autograd and gpu/tpu acceleration for free, which further lets you stick these things in with other models, including black box models like NNs.

An example application is in sentence part of speech tagging (noun, adjective, etc). You could model each word's part of speech as a separate prediction, but you know that "noun-verb-noun" is more common than "noun-noun-noun" so you know your predictions should influence each other. Stuff like this makes that easier.

edit:

The authors of this library also put a paper on arxiv describing it https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.03291.pdf The abstract gives a good sense of what they're going after:

> The development of deep learning software libraries enabled significant progress in the field
by allowing users to focus on modeling, while
letting the library to take care of the tedious and
time-consuming task of optimizing execution
for modern hardware accelerators. However,
this has benefited only particular types of deep
learning models, such as Transformers, whose
primitives map easily to the vectorized computation. The models that explicitly account for
structured objects, such as trees and segmentations, did not benefit equally because they
require custom algorithms that are difficult to
implement in a vectorized form.
SynJax directly addresses this problem by providing an efficient vectorized implementation
of inference algorithms for structured distributions covering alignment, tagging, segmentation, constituency trees and spanning trees.

> With SynJax we can build large-scale differentiable models that explicitly model structure in the data. The code is available at https://github.com/deepmind/synjax.
It may not be a good thing to anyone looking at this whole mess but it's clearly what Red Hat wants. After all, their VP did lament that they were doing all this work for "free" just so that the other enterprises can rebuild their product.
The problem is we are not at a high market share (in the US), and it will be a while before they gain.

I hate my current stove, but no way am I paying the cost for a new one. I also have vacations and other things I want. (As a programmer my income is well above average, so I have to assume the costs are only more prohibitive for most people)
Proterra Files for Voluntary Chapter 11 Reorganization
Cigarette "Filters" are marketing. They have never made cigarettes safer, and in the early days they were often asbestos, so that's fun.
Black Hat: Tenable to add AI query module to its Exposure Management platform
Sure, but not enough for Jane Street or Citadel Securities (not the hedge fund which did give me an offer) or DE Shaw or HRT. Aka, the firms actually offering $350k+ to new grads while I make far less.
Not similar, I built that house. (I'm Kenton.)

Or do you mean the new one, alluded to on the site? It's almost done... not ready to share yet. ;)
Tech Hackers to compete for $20M in prizes using AI for cybersecurity
openSUSE Tumbleweed makes more sense for rolling imo and was even more up-to-date than Arch at times with major DE versions and kernels. And openSUSE like most other mainstream distros doesn't require an encyclopedia to install :p

Fedora is probably the most secure server OS you can get; can't beat SELinux, and nobody else implements it besides Fedora and RHEL.

I personally see no point to Mint since Ubuntu exists, and Mint has had their own share of specific issues one being that Wine didn't work for some months. The rep I got from them in the past was that they mixed their own, Debian, and Ubuntu packages in their default repos that occasionally caused dependency issues. Maybe it's not that bad, but Ubuntu is still around and a lot more supported.

Ubuntu is the distro. It's popular, it looks good (not the boring grey/white Adwaita theme), and can handle multimedia without having to involve any 3rd-party repos. I'd recommend it to beginners today, and I'd probably be using it as a desktop OS still but I like consistency and my home lab is Fedora :p

I have zero interest in Rhino Linux. I don't have issue with Ubuntu's update procedures and trust them to make sure package and distro updates go smoothly for the largest user-base, and I trust openSUSE TW more for rolling since they've been doing it longer. I also don't like the idea of running a fork of a distro that's a fork of another distro :p
I really liked the ZFS approach to rolling updates that we had in the Sun Storage Appliance: updates are `zfs send`s, and applying an update is `zfs recv`ing an update, then you reboot into the new snapshot.

That requires:

- making / read-only (so there's
nothing to save from / on upgrade)
- having all configuration state move
out of /
- having all upgrade actions relating
to config files and so on be applied
to a clone of the dataset that has
that content

This way backing out an upgrade is trivial, and you can be very confident in the ability to back out.

This approach happens to be a very good idea for other things as well. Such as if you wanted to seal TPM keys to PCR values that bind all of /, well, you'd need a secure hash of all of / for that, and a Merkle hash tree filesystem (but not quite ZFS) can give you that.
I could provide a novel, but I'll try to keep it to just a few.

Class methods have incorrect variance, even with the 'strictFunctionTypes' setting: https://www.typescriptlang.org/tsconfig#strictFunctionTypes. What's even more insane is that interface/type methods will have different variance depending on the syntax used to write them:

type SafeFoo = {
// This will have correct type variance
foo: (x: string | number) => void
}

type UnsafeFoo = {
// This will have incorrect type variance
foo(x: string | number): void
}

The `readonly` feature doesn't fully work for object types:

type Foo = {
foo: number
}

type ReadonlyFoo = {
readonly foo: number
}

function useFoo(f: ReadonlyFoo) {
// f.foo = 4 // compile error
const f1: Foo = f
f1.foo = 4 // trololol, I just mutated the input even though I promised it was readonly
}

Classes are kind-of also an interface, which leads to inconsistent/surprising behavior:

class Foo {}

function useFoo(f: Foo) {
if (f instanceof Foo) {
console.log('Cool, a Foo.')
} else {
console.log('Uh, wut?')
}
}

useFoo(new Foo()) // prints: 'Cool, a Foo.'
useFoo({}) // prints: 'Uh, wut?'

"TypeScript is structurally typed"... except when it's not. In my above example with the class pseudo-interface, you can "fix" it by including a private field in the class:

class Foo {
#nominal: undefined
}

function useFoo(f: Foo) {
if (f instanceof Foo) {
console.log('Cool, a Foo.')
} else {
console.log('Uh, wut?')
}
}

useFoo(new Foo()) // prints: 'Cool, a Foo.'
useFoo({}) // This is now a compile error!

Record types are incorrectly typed/handled. A Record<string, string> implies that for ANY string key, there will be a string value. What you almost always actually mean is: Record<string, string | undefined>. Yes, there is a compiler setting (https://www.typescriptlang.org/tsconfig#noUncheckedIndexedAc...) to make all array and record accesses treated as possibly undefined, but that should only be necessary for arrays. The Array type has only one type parameter: the codomain. It has no way of communicating what the domain is (what indexes have values). A Record, on the other hand, DOES allow us to specify both the domain and codomain, so when I write Record<string, string> I'm telling the type system that every string key will be mapped to a string value. Therefore, it should not allow me to assign something that clearly cannot fulfill that contract to it, but it does:

const x: Record<string, string> = {}

In a type system sense, Record<K, V> is more-or-less equivalent to a function type: (K) => V. Imagine if TypeScript handled actual functions similarly:

const x: (s: string) => string = (s) => {}

There's more, but like I said, I don't want to spend all day typing...
Makes sense. I was very jealous of my friends at the time but I never took mine out.

I just get mad tonsil stones now. lol
This does seem like the logical conclusion.

Disney/Hulu/peacock/espn dominate market due to historical and current content. Disney first cuts off Netflix from any and all owned content. Disney buys netflix. Disney removes adfree plan. Disney raises prices back to cable tv levels. Piracy surges. Netflix 2 comes out and we repeat the cycle.
> There was a time in history where you COULD create real art and make a decent living out of it.

Honest question, is that actually true? Historically, professional art always struck me as the domain of the rich, the starving artist, or the person taking commissions for the rich.
Cut ours by over 40% too: https://www.brentozar.com/archive/2023/06/aws-aurora-cut-our...
I'm guessing it doesn't - as PR is unincorporated. However, census is used in all sorts of things aside from voting/representation, so who knows.
> Finally there is some movement on making Google Docs better.

Recently, they have also improved the UI on Google Docs and Gmail making it much less laggy.

On my old NUC computer, it makes a big difference.

It seems that middle-management is becoming a bit less sclerotic.
Fair enough and I also agree. Got sloppy towards the end there
I would be shocked if GPT4 could reliably solve novel quadratic equations when it struggles with simple arithmetic.