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They have an extremely vague "duty of care", i.e. to run the company in a manner in accordance with the wishes of the entities they serve as representatives of. Beyond that, they don't have any specific obligation; shareholders can, at least in principle, have many different wishes, and so elected board members can represent a variety of positions, from an aggressive profits-uber-alles position to some kind of safeguard-the-brand-reputation-for-generations viewpoint.

The main enforceable obligation is a negative one, to not actively do things that benefit themselves at the expense of the corporation they oversee, e.g. by making decisions primarily designed to enrich themselves personally. Almost anything that isn't active wrongdoing is defensible though; if a board member thinks in good faith that doing X would enhance the goodwill towards the Apple brand, and in good faith thought that prioritizing brand goodwill was the best long-term strategy, it would be fine to undertake a short/medium-term money-losing course of action to pursue the strategy. Courts generally defer to board elections to resolve those kinds of disputes over strategy, since courts are very bad at predicting whether a given strategy is actually in a particular entity's long-term interests.

Insurance these days is more often directed at government regulations than shareholder lawsuits; board members have various possibilities for personal liability if their company is doing illegal things on their watch.
Even deeper than that, computer science is about the theory behind computation and what we can discover & create with it.

Or, as Dijkstra said, "Computer science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes." Computers are a tool for this discipline, and programming is a way to manipulate and control that tool.

If all somebody wants to do is sling code, CS is even more than they need. But they probably will want to do more than that someday, so the foundations of CS can serve them well.
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Jeff is making the point that [Apple is] "fundamentally innovating in computing as a whole...".

I see the iOS devices (iPhone/iPod Touch/iPad), as just the beginning. Apple has made astounding progress on these mobile devices where their competitors haven't really caught up to yet:

1) The display, amazingly higher-res than HDTVs now (2048-by-1536-pixel resolution at 264 pixels per inch (ppi))

2) Connectivity (Wifi/multiple carriers/LTE even)

3) Battery life to weight ratio (9hrs using cellular network, at 1.46lbs)*

4) Graphics/Processor punch (Dual A5X processor with quad-core graphics)

5) An ecosystem of applications that are on the whole, of good quality, and generate a lot of revenue (25 Billion apps sold [2])

When I say "just the beginning", I really mean that. And I don't mean that Apple will always be at the top, probably not by a long shot. What I want to ask, and I wonder why everyone else isn't asking is, what's next? Apple won't be at the tippy top forever, so won't the next generation of innovators please stand up?

[1] Anyone remember lugging around their 8+ lbs Dell laptop, that had a battery that lasted maybe 2 hours in 2005? I do. My back still hurts.

[2] http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/03/05Apples-App-Store-D...
Thanks for reminding me why I make more money now than I dreamed possible as a child, yet can't seem to afford anything beyond AmazonBasics and store-brand cereal.

Inflation is such an insidious way to pick the pockets of the working class. I wish the government would tax cash and equivalents instead of inflating the currency.
I'd switch to Chrome because it is speedier, but Chrome doesn't provide me bookmarks tags for all of my local bookmarks. So Firefox is holding just because of that.
FWIW I received last Friday's with both DKIM + SPF intact with a PASS.

Maybe your DNS was unavailale for a short period of time during the delivery?
Yea, the W3C requires two implementations for a standard to make it to Proposed Recommendation now.
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So instead of increasing employee wages they decide to piss the money away and give it to the Wall Street fat cats...
I agree, although it seems there is a weird mix of copy appealing to beginners and then a bit of copy geared towards power users. Its a bit of a disconnect.
I really like how they reveal this information when it comes to sorting email into regular inbox and Priority Inbox. It's really cool and useful to see why Gmail put a particular email into my priority inbox.
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The author's attitude toward CS degrees stems from an insidious issue affecting higher education in America (and that, in my opinion, will eventually be its downfall). College is not where you go to learn something. That's what trade schools are for (at least traditionally).

College is where you go to learn how to learn.

Not everyone wants to learn how to learn. Not everyone needs to learn how to learn. There are a great many professions where one simply needs to be trained, and then set loose in the "real world".

Programming is not one of those professions.

So as colleges have shifted toward satisfying the masses, the majority of whom fall into the category of not wanting or not being interested in learning how to learn, they are increasingly failing those who need such skills.
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> Is there a reference for this?

There are scads of sources - did you even bother to look? One is http://www.taxfoundation.org/blog/show/27134.html .

> Germany and France have higher top rates, the UK slightly lower.

So? Never confuse top marginal rates with revenue. For example, other rates matter, as does the definition of income. (About 47% American households don't pay federal income tax and a huge fraction actually receive tax "benefits".)

> It seems odd that conservatives would fight so hard against things like universal health care and higher capital gains taxes if in fact they actually lead to less wealth redistribution on the whole.

Huh? Your conclusion doesn't follow from your premises.

However, it's interesting (to me) that you didn't try to make the complementary argument for Democrats.
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Much? IMO IE8 is the real boat anchor. It do not support decade-old standards like the DOM Level 2 and XHTML.
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While I (mostly) don't agree with the scare, you got me thinking: what happens when you submerge a Nissan Leaf in the ocean?
Well, some people are using them for work:
http://media.talkingpointsmemo.com/slideshow/white-house-oba...
How much in lost tax revenues, new unemployment, new Medicaid, and other economic damages would've been incurred by having GM - and the thousands of smaller businesses dependent on its existence - collapse?

I suspect we'd have been in the hole for a lot more than $10-15 billion.
The thing is, it's both.

Our goal is to provide a free platform for non-typical users who are just starting to understand the power and influence of social media. These people are average joes. Small business owners between the ages of 30-60. Because social media changes so much on a monthly basis it's hard for them to keep up. Youtube videos are outdated, and social media consultants are essentially snake oil salesmen charging hundreds of dollars to create a basic Facebook and Twitter page for the business owner.

On the other end we have our Pro tool. This tool will be a powerful marketing tool for social media community managers and enterprise marketing teams. We plan on utilizing the data from our free users to offer optimal posting times, key words, phrases,customized analytics, and targeted marketing on an enterprise level.
it is a DVCS. it doesnt matter where it's hosted. external contributors should use github, core developers will go through git.php.net. it's all the same.
> I don't think swapping batteries is a good analog for fast recharge. For one, the cost of a kilowatt hour in AA batteries well exceeds $100

Who said that you can only swap new/non-rechargable batteries?

> Swapping batteries is also significantly more effort than plugging in a microUSB or whatever.

Yes, but you can swap batteries where there's no power.

You're not willing to carry a spare set of batteries yet you insist that you're willing to carry a charger....
Apple links usually open up in a webpage, and then open iTunes, which can be annoying if it takes a while to load.On the other hand, once you do it iCloud syncs it to your phone/iPad, so there is no problem there.
Yes.

The problem is, that's below the care threshold for wide swaths of the audience they're hoping to attract. You're hiring developers? So what, everyone's hiring developers these days.

As a startup, it's also unlikely that you can win a bidding war, so avoid that dimension. Where startups can often succeed is in the "moral payoff" - are you building something I care about and want to be part of? Startups have a giant advantage there compared to a company that needs you to add a new feature to their in-house order fulfillment software.

Unfortunately, you've set that axis to zero if you start going on about "hard problems" and never ever reveal who you are or what you're building.

See also the previous post by the same user which is completely vague, while the current post at least gets as far as "probably some SaaS / iOS app."

http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3580917

I wonder that YC doesn't include an hour session on "how to write a job post that your target audience won't classify as spam."
Are all the other 5 relatively old?

It's hard for me to see someone who grew up around computers switching to today's tablets. Producing anything (even a simple email) is radically faster on a computer. Consumption is even faster on a computer (key bindings, indirect input that doesn't block the screen) and more comfortable, at least while sitting down (head positioning). For the old market it seems like they could benefit from something like a chrome book just as well -- a really dumbed down computer where you don't need to install things, have windows, or anything us hackers tend to expect computers to do.
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I may be able to provide some limited insight as well (source: used to work there, still keep in touch with a few people).

IIRC, Kiva raised ~$18M in funding, most of it from Bain. I read an article recently which broke it down to ~$1.5M in angel, with the remainder coming from Bain, but I can't track it down right now. Not a huge amount, but definitely not "no money". Great place to work, but most of that money was going right to the robots. :)

The robots do use Wi-Fi, but there are challenges with a multi-robot system of that scale which are somewhat novel, especially when they had to invent a lot of the backend IT infrastructure to get them to work.

The co-founders definitely came in right at the beginning, and it was Raff's robo-soccer team which actually inspired the concept of shelves which can "walk and talk." They found a great market - the Kiva approach isn't the best for all approaches, but it does happen to be particularly well suited for online retailers.

Also, a Kiva system is probably the closest you can come to real-life Frogger, but playing in the dark is not recommended.
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And this for people who don't understand how stock buyback "works"

The stock purchased is "canceled". Yes, canceled.

So if a company has no operation but 100 billion in cash, after a stock buyback of 100 billion, the company is worth $0. It's a super bad deal for the employees who sees nothing, but great for Wall Street traders
In the last 8 years I've gone through three laptops (MBPro, MBPro) six phone (Palm Treo, iPhone, 3G, 3GS, 4, 4S) and three tablets (iPad, iPad 2, iPad 2012).

At work, for that entire 8 year stretch, I've done 100% of my network diagrams/power points/Boring-office-stuff on a Dell Precision 650 with a grand total of 4 GBytes of ram (That was a lot back in 2013) running (and still running) windows XP.

I think _that_ has a lot do with why AAPL is now roughly double MSFT.
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scrypt is tunable; you can make it use as much or as little CPU time as you want. For any particular amount of CPU time, scrypt will give you more security than bcrypt or PBKDF2 would give you for the same amount of CPU time.
To a techie, his "tools" are probably his mind and body. Pays to take care of those to stay productive :)
Unfortunately, I think such information would be too helpful to spammers.
-- "$FOO" instead of $FOO, and ls -1 instead of ls?

There's significantly more to it than that, so either you prove my point, or you are being disingenuous.
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Sorry, we are talking about that:

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> To make it seem like a good bet, they need to produce another iPhone. And they can't, because no one can do that at will. We'll see another hit like that in 15 years or so if we're lucky.

http://www.codinghorror.com/.a/6a0120a85dcdae970b0163030a719...
I never liked the manhole cover question because most people really don't like it when you tell them that the answer they have is wrong. It's not entirely because they don't fall in the hole, that's part of it, but it's also because of the two shapes that satisfy that requirement they are far easier to manufacture.

The second shape is an equilateral triangle and they have been used in the past for manhole covers, most notably in New Hampshire. They're falling out of use because of the fact that circular ones really are that much easier to manufacture and have a few other advantages such as the fact that they have no tips to break off (though to be honest I don't know how easy it is to break the point off a triangular manhole cover).
This is why I don't believe in computer science degrees. What you learned 5 years ago may not be relevant today.

If the things one learns in a CS program are irrelevant 5 years later, that's a pretty crappy CS program.

I don't worry about my CS knowledge becoming irrelevant any more than I worry about calculus or differential equations becoming irrelevant.
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I've designed algorithms via OmniGraffle similar to this, though had to manually write the code later. It's an interesting way to do things, and it does seem to make designing complex things easier.
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I find the behaviour repugnant. But the message is being overshadowed by the messenger.
Ask you local school or corporate IT admin about their license server. Shared licenses are quite standard in the software. They tend to cost more than software with per-client-machine licenses though. The obvious (also standard) alternatives are per-user licensing (user accounts) , and non-user-transferable licenses locked to a client device with DRM (Hello, App Store).
Eight of the most important words I learned in management, leadership, and choosing jobs, from a professor of mine:

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It's disheartening to see this at the top. First because Tyson should be vilified for defending what he believes in, and second because this level of cynicism is apparently easy to vote up on HN.
Thank you for injecting some much needed nuance into this discussion. The "ideas are worthless" meme always rubbed me the wrong way. It seemed obvious to me of counter examples to this, where an idea at just the right time was the driving force behind success. You explained perfectly what I couldn't quite articulate.
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Pointing out that something occurs in nature does not mean that a naturalistic fallacy has taken place.
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Usually the free product gives you a taste of the premium one. It sounds like your idea for a free product is totally different (if I'm understanding your point correctly). Something to consider..

I do like the idea of a codecademy for social media as a way to generate future paid users, you just may need to reconfigure the flow. The social media tutorial piece of this is great for buzz, but ultimately it sounds like your main product is the one for community managers, and those are the people who will bounce the second they think your site is going to teach them how to create a twitter account.
I believe you are correct. The article describes the foam as "buoyant" which is synonymous with low density.
What about the truth elucidated in philosophy, religion and even fiction? It's not like philosophers ever obtain "factual" status, and yet there is tremendous truth in many philosophical works.
TED video on this topic: http://www.ted.com/talks/derek_sivers_keep_your_goals_to_you...
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As I wrote on Hizook [1]... this acquisition is great news for robotics, but it kinda makes me sad. I would have liked to see Kiva go public. Plus, I certainly hope Amazon doesn't hoard Kiva away for itself and rob the world of efficient, robotic warehouses...

[1] http://www.hizook.com/blog/2012/03/19/breaking-news-amazon-a...
> nyone know why Google doesn't show the referrer if you're logged in and it's organic result, but they do show it if they click on Adwords?

Disclaimer: I'm a google engineer but don't know the answer at all and am just making a completely shot in the dark: maybe our new privacy policy has something to do with it?

But yeah, since when you're logged in in the US you use SSL search, the current state of affairs is that you won't send referrers to organic results since you're on SSL. This change will make it so you send referrer data in both cases.
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It doesn't surprise me one bit. Woz likely has more than one value, and one of those values is probably "treat people well". I can't imagine he likes the idea of labour abuses and harsh working conditions any more than he likes dishonesty.
The real question is, could Office be cloned for less than the user cost of Office? It almost certainly can't be cloned for less than Microsoft's cost to make Office.
If you're going to repeat this cliche I think you need to explain how colleges are teaching people to "learn how to learn," how that differs from the way they would teach them "something," and why you think the idea of one without the other is coherent.

Since I went to school too and I observed teachers at all levels laboriously explaining something, testing students carefully on their specific knowledge of something, and awarding them diplomas and degrees in something, I am skeptical of the assertion that they were actually doing something else.
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Oh my god, what an horrendous design, it made my poor old PC cringe in despair with all the javascript to load!

I went to my SPAM folder, all excited, hoping to find some cool math/programming stuff, but it was just a plain boring message: Its content is generally found in Spam messages. Ah... that's a downer...
According to reports, Kiva raised around $33 Million in VC funding [1]. Like I wrote before [2]:

I've been tracking venture capital (VC) funding of robotics companies for the better part of two years. Based on my (limited) data, VC funding in robotics exceeded $160 Million for 2011. This is just a rounding error compared to VC funding of Internet (web-based) companies, which hit a decade-long high of $6.9 Billion in 2011. My hope is that robotics will get more love in the next year(s), but getting VC funding for robotics is a decidedly tough nut to crack. Robotics companies have large capital requirements for robot hardware, few potential acquirers, and almost no "Google-scale" breakout success stories (ie. IPOs). I mean, c'mon... one of the best known robotics companies, iRobot, has a market cap of just $700 Million. This makes robotics a difficult sell to your typical VC firm. My hope is that this list can give others courage to pursue "swing for the fences" type projects along with a source for robotics-friendly VC firms.

So this acquisition is good news for robotics, and _exceeded_ the entire market cap of iRobot. Like I mentioned in a previous comment, I hope Amazon doesn't hoard Kiva to itself and rob the world of efficient, robotic warehouses.

[1] http://www.hizook.com/blog/2012/03/19/breaking-news-amazon-a...

[2] http://www.hizook.com/blog/2012/03/01/venture-capital-vc-fun...
> You might just be more patient than I am, or a better Java programmer. I don't know. All I know is that I end up experiencing kidney failure every time I have to interact with Java code.

I don't experience kidney failure, just a sudden urge to scrape my skull against a rough, brick wall. Life is too short for me to spend it dealing with that crap and the community that insists that "Java's not slow", even though it needs gigs and gigs of memory to run (which takes forever to populate and blows your cache), has no shared libraries, no copy-on-write, no memory protection, and no dozens of other things that Unix has had for decades for a reason.
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Maybe it's just me, but watching all those robots move with purpose across the inventory floors is pretty damn sexy. lol
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I think a tradesman would also think his mind and his body were his tools...