skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Wondering which language should I study concurrency/multithreading/PC?
https://www.udemy.com/courses/search/?src=ukw&q=concurrent++programming

I'm studying concurrency control in Operating Systems and Database Management Systems. I want to see them implemented. Things like semaphores, mutex, monitors, busy waiting solutions like test and set lock, compare and swap instruction.

Please recommend me a language to use. I unfortunately know only javascript well. I know tidbits of C and Python.
The passport is but one piece of the greater system that we have nowadays of international worldwide travel. I can get on a plane and travel pretty much anywhere in the world now, whereas before travel like that was reserved for explorers, missionaries or high ranking dignitaries.

I don't think the passport is an invention itself, so to speak.
I believe that with the synthesis method proposed by the Korean team, i.e. by the chemical reaction between a certain kind of lead sulfate with copper phosphide, the chances of progress are slim.

The Korean team appears to have been stuck for several years by the lack of reproducibility of this synthesis method. While it was a great discovery that has shown that this material must have some very interesting properties, perhaps even superconductivity at ambient temperature and pressure, in order to be able to measure its properties and be able to evaluate the possible practical applications, a much more precise method for enforcing the desired crystal structure is required, than mixing powders and baking them into a ceramic.

Perhaps such a method for producing samples with deterministic properties would be to develop first a method to grow monocrystals of the special kind of lead phosphate that forms the base crystal structure, maybe by drawing the crystals from melt.

Once monocrystals of this kind of lead phosphate are available, they could be doped with copper, e.g. by ion implantation. By controlling and varying the parameters of the process, e.g. the angle of incidence and the velocity of the ions and the thermal profile used for annealing, it is likely that reproducible samples can be produced, where the copper ions substitute lead in the useful places and not in the others.

By this method it would be possible to produce only thin layers of LK-99, but that should be enough to enable the characterization of the material.

Moreover, because LK-99 is very fragile, it is unlikely that it could be used to make cables or coils. Practical uses where LK-99 would be deposited as thin films are much more likely.

As an alternative to ion implantation, which might be able to produce thicker layers, perhaps once monocrystals of the base lead phosphate are available it may be possible to develop some method of chemical vapor deposition, to grow epitaxially a layer of LK-99 over the base crystal, but with such a method it is less obvious if there is any way to control which lead atoms are substituted, though this may depend on the orientation of the base crystal.
Yes, ever since I was cobbling together Counter Strike maps back when I was in school, I became aware of a bunch of stock sound effects as well (after browsing through them in Hammer Editor numerous times).

When you hear a toilet being flushed in a movie, it is the exact same stock sound. It makes me realize immediately, that I just watched an actor walk in frame (sometimes fidgeting with their belt), while the effect was added later during editing.

Same thing with doors. For a long time, movies and TV shows have pretty much universally used the exact same stock sound of a door being closed. The sound effect is fairly recognizable and about as subtle as the Wilhelm Scream. Sometimes, you can even see that the door is not fully closed, but we still hear the latch snap in place. Sometimes it's also fairly obvious that this kind of door can't possibly produce that kind of sound.

I guess people working at the studios have realized that too at some point, and in the past years increasingly (but not completely) moved to a different, more subtle door sound. It's now become a bit of a "will they/won't they" moment of suspense, whenever I see a door prominently in frame for a character to walk through it.
Up until a few years ago that was my favorite demographic. Got too expensive and time consuming though so I'm trying my age for a year or two.
this comment is misleading. aarch64, the architecture for apple silicon, is still fully supported. did you see "arm" with a skull next to it and assume that meant all ARM architectures became recently deprecated?
Does it need a more complicated explanation than increased budgets? 50 years ago CGI was virtually nonexistent and now it's close to photorealistic; does this tell us deep things about how spaceships are secretly aircraft carriers and space explosions are a metaphor for Desert Storm, or is it an artefact of trying harder and paying more?
Lack of drivers, typically. I tried installing W7 on a 2018 motherboard at one point and it doesn't ship with new enough USB drivers to be compatible, so you boot into something without mouse and keyboard or remote access of any kind, so you cannot even install the required drivers because there's no way to interact with the system at all.

That said, I'm sure some of you maniacs would've found a way, an old OS image like that has to have some usable zero days.
No, I actually have a bunch of older Macs I keep running for certain experiments.
check out roadmap.sh.

each of these tools have varying use cases and varying companies that use them into different industries.
If we just counted the kernel, then it is possible that Minix could be the most popular "OS" because it's burnt into every Intel CPU, however it's probably not a helpful metric. If we equate Android with Linux, we can also say that MacOS is the most popular mobile operating system because iOS uses the same kernel as MacOS.

I consider 2 things to be the same OS if they can natively run the same unmodified binary files and if we look at it this way, Linux is on a losing streak:
- I cannot download an app on Android and run it on Debian
- I cannot compile a program on one version of the same distro and run it on another version of the same distro

The moment I will be able to compile a program that runs on both Arch and Android, we can start adding the stats up, however I doubt tis will happen anytime soon looking at the poor attempts at fixing this.
> When your partner has had many previous partners, it means that you are extra special, because even after all that prior experience, they choose you!

…that’s not how it works.
GPUs have been huge, unlocking so much more compute than was possible with CPUs. Most of the burgeoning AI industry is thanks to that cost decline, which is only getting started.
I am not sure it's a matter of bias.

Instead, I think it's that "Linux" is an overloaded term. One sense is that someone downloads and installs a "Linux" distro because they actually want to use "GNU+Linux" (wink). The other sense, what you are aluding, to is that linux is foundational to most things IT. If I subscribe to DSL the provider is probably going to send me a modem that runs linux. But that doesn't mean I chose linux. I just wanted DSL. Same for Android. Most people that use Android didn't choose a linux-based mobile operating system. They want Android or are just using whats one the phone they wanted. And indeed, I don't think many "GNU+Linux" people would tolerate the specific essense of Android in their distros.

Now, SteamOS might be the bridge between these two worlds. On the one hand, Steam Deck users also didn't chose Linux. But then, the resources that Valve can spend on enabling gaming on Linux because of the success of Steam Deck means that many more people, like me, can finally consider choosing Linux.
> I just personally wish for more native support.

As someone who has played a lot of games with native linux "support", I want less of it.

In nearly every instance of these native ports, switching to using the windows version via Proton was a better experience, either because the Linux version was outdated, unmaintained and buggy, or it simply performed better.

Annoyingly, as far as I can tell, Steam these days doesn't make a distinction between native ports and Proton games so it's hard to tell if I'm getting served the unloved child version until something goes drastically wrong and I have to start messing around with it.
If they had chosen a JS framework as part of the batteries, that framework probably would've been deprecated by now. For instance, who still builds websites with Angular or Backbone/Marionette anymore?

See also Rails, which did choose a battery quite early on: prototype.js. Well, that was a wrong decision, so they changed it to jQuery (which is now also deprecated; no idea what it supports nowadays) and also dropped their RJS templating language. Lots of breakage and churn on every major release for us poor sods who made use of such features.
Unicorn is awesome, and I think most would agree that it's the Django communities answer to Livewire/Liveview/etc. Adam has built a brilliant project and the time he must dedicate to it is amazing!

Last year I had a month free and I had a go at building something for Django in this area, with a bunch of interesting ideas - built on Alpine.js, resumable server side component state, inline component templates. But sadly time is limited and I just can't spend the time needed to push it further. One day I may be able to pivot back to it, but would be very happy for someone to take some of these ideas and run with them - https://www.tetraframework.com/

What I really want to see is a modern asset + front end build solution for Django. It would enable more of these sorts of projects. Thats what needs to be built into Django.
Where did you get the idea that jails are involved? Governments are clearly forming a position, if they fund new projects, they are quite likely to enforce that position. That's a significant market already.
> I can imagine something like GPS was envisioned well before the first satellites were even launched into orbit.

I don’t know about that. Maybe it was. What I do know is that we have documented speculation about satelite based navigation the days right after the launch of Sputnik.

American scientist figured out the orbit of Sputnik independently from the Russians by measuring the dopler shift of the radio transmission with their radios. Then knowing where their radio is located they used an iterative optimisation process to identify the orbital parameters of the satelite. Immediately there they were talking about how if the orbit of the satelite were known they could use the same process backwards to fix their location. That was 21 years before the launch of the first GPS satelite.

Now, that is not exactly how GPS signals work, and with good reasons. But it is the first documented seed of the idea of satelite based navigation that I am aware of.

Source: https://secwww.jhuapl.edu/techdigest/Content/techdigest/pdf/...
Discover, download, and run local LLMs
While true, actually applying it in practice took a long time. Imagine the shock and horror when male doctors were told by midwives that washing hands and keeping things clean reduced infant mortality.
> I've heard many long time married old men say that when they look at their partner, they still see the beauty glimmering through that they saw at 19.

Presumably people who think their partner is now ugly either have enough sense to stfu or dont have a partner anymore. This just seems an instance of survivorship bias.

Like who would stay with a partner that tells random strangers they are ugly.
Celebrating Ten Years of Encrypting the Web with Let’s Encrypt
Cool it with the anti-semitism.
Maybe doing it for new projects is better than doing nothing?
It wasn't easy (else it would've been done earlier), but it was cheaper.
We're also pretty efficient, more than 90% of the donated money is used to pay developers (the rest goes to administrative costs, CI infrastructure, etc).
> Rust's const-eval is very constrained and has been WIP for ages

Having strong backwards compatibility does that to the language, alternative is arguably worse (see Python 2 vs 3).
> Since Apple is currently charging 30%, another app store might charge only 10% and so you might be able to get your spotify subscription for 20% less.

Spotify might just increase its price to get more profit.
Essentially yes. See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23331672
At some level you need languages that are not “memory safe”.

Memory safety comes with a cost. Either you pay for a GC runtime (Java) or for reference counting (Swift) or by not being able to express a correct program (Rust).

There are plenty of use cases where none of these tradeoffs are feasible.

To add, Zig comes with its own story around memory safety. Not at the static type system level and it’s not as comprehensive as other languages.
- comptime, so writing compile time evaluating code, without introducing its own meta language like macros or templates.

- very solid build system (the build config file(s) are written in zig so you dont have to learn another language for the build system (looking at you, makefile)) that has crosscompilation builtin (with one compiler flag)

- language level errors, like, errors as first class citizens. forces you to handle errors, but without much mental or syntactic overhead (you can re-throw them with `try myfunction()`), also results in a unified interface

- no implicit conversions

- looks high-level (modern sytnax that is easy(ish) to parse) but as low level (or lower) than C, no abstractions that hide details you need to know about when programming (similar to C)

- C interop, so you can just add zig source files to a C project and compile it all with the zig toolchain. Zig can also parse c headers and source files and convert them, so you can include c headers and just start calling functions from there. For example, using SDL is as simple as pointing the toolchain to the SDL headers and .so file, and the sdl headers will be translated to zig on the fly so you can start with SDL.SDL_CreateWindow right away.
Thanks, I will look into llama.cpp today :)

I don't have much interest in playing with the internals for now, but I generally like keeping my data personal and the services I use self-maintainable as much as reasonably possible! I also feel like I could find the token limits and price limiting with ChatGPT.
I don't understand if you agree or disagree with me. When you say that you have written things to encode user input so that no "bad" characters (among which I assume you include CR) end up in the filename, you seem to agree that it's not enough for CR to be in the keyboard for it to be automatically allowed in filenames. Which was my point.
You make it sounds like that expansion was performed automatically. Is that something HN's reply box supports?
To be fair all of your examples could go either way
I have done a lot of Django in my time but it feels like it has stood still for the last 8 years. Barely anything has changed in that time - the fact that you have to use a third party library to get a decent REST API is such an odd standpoint. And the laborious configuration routine that’s still required when you start each project should be a solved problem by now.
> There hasn’t been a full scale war between major powers since.

Yet all the major powers have launched multiple, lengthy full scale wars since.
Everyone where I work does. :)
I liked "The Dream Machine", which also tells how computers came to exist
I think it's the opposite. I think the adults are watching series that have more complicated plots, and require a longer attention span. They're taking their kids to go see movies like Thor and Transformers where there might be sexuality (Megan Fox doing pretty much anything) but no one is actually getting it on. Part of this is almost certainly large movie studios not wanting to push the bounds of conservatism, but it might also be that actors nowadays are less willing to get their kit off.

Of course, my head canon is that Neo and Trinity killed off the movie sex scene in their Zion romp in The Matrix Reloaded. I can't put my finger on what it is that makes it so offputting, but it makes tortoise sex look hot by comparison.
https://ziglang.org/learn/overview/
I also hadn't heard about this for what it's worth.
You're right - for whatever reason I had convinced myself YBCO had issues with both high current and high field. It's just high current - anything outside of a single grain has low current density.

Doing some more research to help make up for my spreading of incorrect info, I did stumble across this - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5472374/ - it seems like it's a variety of factors that make most HST not really commercially viable for MRI machines at current.

Mitsubishi has even made a small scale MRI machine with HTS - https://www.medicaldesignandoutsourcing.com/worlds-first-3-t... - though I can't find any newer details around it, despite the timeline provided in the article.
Correction: YBCO and other REBCO can get up to the needed magnetic field strength, other issues are the reasons it's not a good candidate for MRI machines - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5472374/

(Too late for me to edit)
A normal freezer would be cheaper and easier when you really want to store meat long-term.

To get dead people back to life much more is needed, and most attempts failed ridiculously, as the frozen water explodes all cells.
The temperature is not the problem at all, but the process to dehydrate the meat and replace it with glycerine or such. Completely.
Or all the shady cryo companies which go bankrupt after a while, and cannot pay the freezers anymore. There was a nice article from such a company from the late sixties here a while ago. It smelled.
I am 10 years younger than you and had my share of burnouts. I think you have a good tip there: stop doing stuff you don’t enjoy. But I would add another suggestion: do stuff you do enjoy.
It’s really important. Burnout leads to life without joy. Joy prevents burnouts as it helps to keep balance between work life and life outside work.

Also strangely enough, for me starting freelancing has helped a lot. I have a feeling that if I get “ stop, I don’t like this!” thoughts, I can just leave the project. I have never done it yet but that is a possibility and I have saved some money so that it is a true alternative. Also now that I am not employed at some startup/big company anymore, I don’t need to think career or continue at work place I don’t enjoy because of stocks/options. Moneywise not a best solution but it has made my life better and I don’t have burnouts anymore.

Most important thing for me is my business, and most important thing for my business is my happiness and well-being because without me my business doesn’t survive.
> Last I checked we had registered owners for each cm of the world.

It's not very different from a world where there aren't registered owners, if you think about it.

Even in complete anarchy, in the best case scenario most people would want the world to function in a similar way, using similar mechanisms. Except that people that couldn't defend themselves or have enough social capital would be even less protected.

So perhaps you wouldn't have an official "registry", but everyone would know which parts of the territory "belongs" to whom anyway. In the worst case, it would lead to a lot more territorial conflict.

Or you could have a government enforcing equal amounts of land for every person, but this would be extremely wasteful for many reasons.

Capitalism is what allows you to globally allocate land in the most efficient way that we know of, just like any other limited resource.

> Like a game of monopoly where one player gets all the streets and all the money and the other player starts with nothing.

Capitalism allows for social / class mobility without coercion. In fact, it's the only system that directly rewards you with upwards social / class mobility in proportion to how much you are helping other humans.

> It is just more coercion, more of the same.

> More funny, if the species (in the long run) wants to survive this wild ride though space on this ball of mud coercion is the only possible answer. I'm trying to doubt it as hard as I can but wanting something to be true doesn't usually make it so.

What are you being coerced into?

Helping other people so that other people also help you getting food cheaply and conveniently so that you don't die, as well as thousands of other goods and services that even the most powerful king of a thousand years ago could not even dream of having?

You don't even have to do that, you could grow your own food and just don't go to the supermarket if you think you are up for it.

Although yes, you would need to get access to some exclusive parcel of land, just like in any alternative system. Most people would not be very happy if you go plant things in their front yard without their permission, no matter which system you live under.
People have been saying this about Blazor for years, and it's never reached that point.

Where can I see what .NET 8 will bring to Blazor to change this?
It is a normal behavior of the battery. As the charge decreases, the internal resistance is rising.
Simone Giertz Builds Her Three-Legged Dog a Robotic Exoskeleton
6 days ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36913328 ("Intent to approve PEP 703: making the GIL optional", >500 comments)
Ask HN: What is your pain as full stack engineer?
I am indie developer and reaching out to full stack engineers. My goal is to find 10 problems that I could build solution for.

I would appreciate sharing your pains you have as full stack engineer in your day to day work.
Building a Twitter/Thread-clone in a day with Convex (code included)
I use Zig for all my hobby projects:

- A pixel art editor https://github.com/fabioarnold/MiniPixel

- A Mega Man clone https://github.com/fabioarnold/zeroman

- Zig Gorillas https://github.com/fabioarnold/zig-gorillas

And most recently I had the opportunity to build a visualization for TigerBeetle's database simulator: https://sim.tigerbeetle.com

Before I was using C++ and Zig has been an improvement in every way.
I like Brave and trust Brendan Eich, but what happens when they cash out and the next owners decide to monetize all this data?

The current policies don't allow it, sure. But then there will be gradual changes to those policies, and all sorts of dark patterns that make 99% of users leak their data (think "enabled by default but opt-out").

Is there any guarantee against this?
Interested to see your full list!
Exactly, the 99 stands for 1999, so potentially this material has existed for over 20 years and we could have started testing and replication on a much wider scale a decade ago. What benefit have we gained by disseminating this research so slowly?
Many (maybe even most) native game ports on Linux use a WINE-like compatibility layer. So-called 'source ports' are rare.

Any kind of port can be of high or low quality, though.
No, but if you can find a strong enough magnet then it might be possible to levitate one using diamagnetism.

Big magnet, though. One estimate [1] puts it on the order of 10T. That's a lot of engineering just to play a Dracula prank on someone.

[1] https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3lk2od/how_powe...
While that is true, there might be other requirements that prevent memory safe languages from being used. For example not having a heap available instantly disqualifies most of them. Or when you have simulations running where having constant OOB and other checks would be a massive slowdown. Now obviously your code should still be memory safe (because otherwise it's not correct anyway and you should fix the code), but not at the cost of runtime checks.
Ah yes, the good old "why should I change he is much worse!"

I guess it was a good run fellow humans, or to say it in online gaming terms: "bg skill issue"