skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
If you live in California this practice of out-of-network providers giving surprise bills at in-network facilities was ended in 2017 [1].

Federally, this practice was ended January of 2022 [2].

Go to a Doctor and get a checkup.

[1] https://www.insurance.ca.gov/01-consumers/110-health/60-reso...

[2] https://www.help.senate.gov/chair/newsroom/press/senator-mur...
Changing the definition of success in no way implies the "collapse of its industry".
I suppose a webhook could be set once their instances can access the internet. No trust required.
Yeah, hype is driven by business and marketing who want to sell more of a new thing pointing out what was not possible before using all kinds of silly arguments. Still, there is some noticeable progress there (compared to e.g. crypto that outside logistics and large-scale fraud didn't bring much despite being based on super solid number theory concepts).
They're less common in the UK now mobile apps have taken over, but in the early 2000s banks would issue a standalone device to every customer. When making payments via online banking you'd put your card in the device, hit a button, and give it a code that the online banking page provided. The device then did some magic via the chip on your card to provide a code that you'd give back to the online banking site to validate that you were in possession of your card.

Some banks may have used this for 3D Secure during online card payments as well, but I've never encountered one. Validation for that in my case evolved from setting a password on my account, which they'd ask for some characters from, to tokens sent via SMS to my registered phone number, to a push notification from my bank followed by FaceID to authorise payment.

In person Chip & PIN, and more recently contactless, is ubiquitous. Magstripe payments are so rare I have to explicitly enable them in my bank's app for the card, and it'll turn itself off again 7 days later. I never encountered chip & signature until going to the US, where everyone in the group I was with looked at it like some sort of joke (and indeed it is, because there's no signature recorded against my card for validation).
IMHO it's also dishonest to claim there is "one true definition" of the term "Open Source", when in fact 1) there have been a zillion discussion like this now, which demonstrates this consensus doesn't exist, 2) "Open Source" has seen usage going back to as far as 1985 at the least.[1]

All of this is reminds me of the "if people keep misusing your design, then it sucks"[2] story from the other day. If you don't want people to "misuse" [common and obvious adjective] + [common noun] then choose a better term.

[1]: https://www.arp242.net/open-source.html#pre-1998-usage

[2]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36939648
So my very easy mental model of Kalman filter is: you feed model with some data (measurements, that are noisy, unstable) and some noise (usually Gaussian). Kalman filter actually kinda reduces precision by adding this noise, but you gain stability and less fluctuations and that's what makes it beautiful.
That's interesting, but wouldn't that require each vector to take up a minimum of a page of memory?

I mean, I guess you can put them near the end of pages already occupied by other things, though then you need more knowledge/control of other memory allocations in the program...
There's also gov and private research, and the things in between. GPS for example is DoD, the gov gov has funded lots of companies that make new things, like In-Q-Tel funding Keyhole which made the precursor to Google Earth[1], or Oracle which gets it's name from the program it was developed for.[2] This is not to disparage academia and fundamental research, but it's not the only possible way to make new stuff.

[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-Q-Tel

[2]https://gizmodo.com/larry-ellisons-oracle-started-as-a-cia-p...
What you describe is not lazy evaluation in any accepted sense of the term. I bet you it's also not what the author meant; he was probably thinking of dynamic typing.

Alternatively, maybe the author (and you) meant "interpreted language"? Lazy/strict evaluation is an orthogonal aspect.
One perspective: http://shouldiblockicmp.com/ :

- Don't block ICMP: Echo Request and Echo Reply, Fragmentation Needed (IPv4) / Packet Too Big (IPv6), Time Exceeded, and only within the boundary allow NDP and SLAAC (IPv6)

But presumably none of that helps solve for what traceroute is used to help diagnose.

"ICMP: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly" (2016) https://blog.securityevaluators.com/icmp-the-good-the-bad-an... ; blocking ICMP mitigates {Ping sweep, Ping flood, ICMP tunneling, Forged ICMP redirects,} but breaks {Path MTU discovery (PMTUD), TTL, ICMP Redirect}

ICMP > Redirect: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Proto... ; Type 5

So this would drop just ICMP redirects:

sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type 5 -j REJECT
Can I suggest calling it "Eventually-Open Source Software"?

> Software that has source code available that automatically becomes open source at some explicitly specified, unchangeable, point in the future.
The paperclip maximizer is a thought experiment described by Swedish philosopher Nick Bostrom in 2003. It illustrates the existential risk that an artificial general intelligence may pose to human beings when it is programmed to pursue even seemingly harmless goals and the necessity of incorporating machine ethics into artificial intelligence design. The scenario describes an advanced artificial intelligence tasked with manufacturing paperclips. If such a machine were not programmed to value human life, given enough power over its environment, it would try to turn all matter in the universe, including human beings, into paperclips or machines that manufacture paperclips.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_convergence#Paper...
You can - as long as it's not commercial. It's a broad definition, but a good eule of thumb is if you're not directly making money out of the generated audio. They may still cone for you if you're making money indirectly, so consult a lawyer.
Show HN: Learn a language quickly by practising speaking with AI
Hi guys,

Hope everyone is well. This app was borne out of my own frustration. I thought that I was terrible at learning languages at school, since I didn't become conversational in French after 5 years of study. However, I later traveled with some French friends and, in just under 3 weeks, I was able to hold a reasonable conversation. I realized that there's no substitute for speaking to native speakers.

I tried to adopt this approach for other languages, but it's much harder to find people to practise with when you aren't travelling. I started using iTalki to meet people from different countries and chat to them. It quickly became very expensive and time-consuming to schedule the calls, so I gave up.

I made PrettyPolly so that anyone can easily practice speaking 26 languages orally. The app uses ChatGPT (amongst other tools) to allow you to practice speaking whenever you want. It also generates a fluency score for each conversation so that you have an objective way of tracking progress.

It's free to use (up to 15 conversations per month). I've found that using it once or twice per day is plenty, and you'll be amazed at how much you will pick up in a week. I've added some FAQs here in case useful - https://www.prettypolly.app/learn

Would really appreciate any feedback. Let me know if you have any questions, issues or suggestions.

Thanks,
Chris
Show HN: Playstationcouch – Explore the Universe of Overwatch2
I also feel that the 10 managers above me have a pointless job.
> I wish someone could do something where Health Insurance mafia is no longer in picture except for catastrophic insurance.

This is not a technological/startup problem to be solved, but a regulatory one.
This is an incredibly deep observation that essentially points to the problem with the representations we use to understand the Universe. It feels like the universe is essentially showing us that there is a non-supra-linear representation it uses (based on the kinds or fields of interactions?), and that calculating within this representation (between fields?) is somehow equivalent to calculating all of the interactions for the objects across all of the fields simultaneously.

Almost feels like it's related to P=NP or logic and meta-logic. Is it fundamentally impossible to use the same 'Universe'-al representation inside the Universe, a Gödel-like result limiting us only to the real? Or can we represent and run subsets of smaller universes within without a computational explosion? If so, does it eventually revert back to becoming fundamentally impossible at some limit, and if so, are we there yet? Can we measure how far from the limit we are, somehow?

Fun questions. Thanks for the provocative clarification.
Here is a page where they detail some findings: https://counterhate.com/blog/the-musk-bump-quantifying-the-r...

I do wish they directly linked to a succinct summary of what they’re under fire for, but they have published this data on the site nonetheless.
Nice typo but 100% agree, and if you dare tell anyone some freshman college math is necessary to understand some moderate-advanced subject, you're "gatekeeping" knowledge.
If you're starting this on a mobile device, don't make the same mistake I did. It gets quite laggy later on and some of the "gameplay elements" are designed around having a mouse.
> Colloquially, almost all of the perceived value of "open source" code is that the source is available. Terms like "shared source" are unclear and not useful.

...terms like https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source-available_software , OTOH, are exactly useful for describing what you seem to want, and are perfectly clear. As opposed to muddying the waters by trying to redefine an existing term.

> I think the constructive criticism is useful here, but for all but the most in-the-know this is open source as they see it, and describing it as such is just using terminology in the way that society has decided it should be used.

Right, which is why everyone in the comments here agrees with that. Are you sure your definition is the one that society is using?

> If you feel that the term "open source" has become meaningless as a result, I'd recommend using the term "free software" instead to mean software that is both source-available and licenced in a way that supports software freedom.

LOL - you think it's fine to redefine Open Source because of how you think most people read the term and "shared source" is confusing, but you think we should call Open Source "free software"? A term that every single non-techie will read as "gratis software"? That's a non-starter if ever I heard one.
A bit soul breaking but we had a friend who was in the top echelon of attractive guys.

One day a girl shows up at our door looking for him. We regretfully inform her that he is actually with another woman in his room right now. Her response:

"Oh, that's ok, I'll wait out in my car".

It's a completely different life.

If it's any consolation though, he ended marrying a pretty terrible woman.
Or you could just not use 1.1.1.1. There are other players in this space, and unless you are querying DNS but not connecting to the server to get content, the server is going to know your ip.
A competitive opensource project basically destroys the pricing power of all closed-source alternatives.

If you're a company and wanted to integrate an LLM into your product if the choice is between several equally good models, but one is free and open-source which would you pick?

Aside from keeping competition at bay, this move also gives Meta leverage because ecosystems are now being built around their projects. If these models see wide-scale adoption they could later launch AudioCraft+ as a licensed version with some extra features for example.

Alternatively, they might offer support or hosting for their open source projects.

Right now though I think the primary benefit of these open sourced models is to attract talent. If Meta is seen as one of the leaders in AI then researchers will want to work for them simply for the prestige.

Arguably one of the reasons Meta has been behind so many awesome projects like PyTorch and React over the last decade was because they were seen as the cool place for recently graduated, but talented software engineers to work in ~2010.
Roman-Era Cemetery with over 100 Tombs Unearthed in Gaza
My experience has been it's faster to write code yourself, than via a just on boarded intern + review + fixes.
This strawman argument gets trotted out every time and every instance that I've heard thus far is exactly that. It's the "otherwise the terrorists win" of my profession

Ordinarily I would have gladly used Sentry's community and my good experience with its hosting and customer service as rebuttals but now ...
Have Archaeologists Finally Found Emperor Nero’s Lost Theater?
> It's the same thing.

Let's see how committed you are to that stance: just have them change it to the proposed wording. Should be no problem, since it's the same thing, right?
You're saying that specialization is bad and that specialists can't be experts.
Who determines who is on the courts? It all comes back to voting.
"T-Mobile: FINAL REMINDER of Action Needed by 08/06/2023. We’re changing the payment methods that qualify for AutoPay discounts. To continue receiving your $15.00 AutoPay discount, you must update your payment method to a debit card or a bank account. To keep your discount, please visit t-mo.co/AutoPay25 to change your payment method by 08/06/2023."
JWST discovers cosmic ‘smoke signals’ in most distant galaxy seen from Earth
Medicare is an entirely different ball of yarn that should be separated as much as possible.

It's complicated enough that including it in any other reform overcomplicates the effort and kills it.

That said, I do think the "death panel" branding from Republicans was extremely intellectually dishonest and in poor taste. Everyone knew exactly what was really being discussed, and to claim mock outrage in front of cameras for political points was dodging the hard question and hurting the country.
I agree, and with integration tests I find coverage reports even more useful, because it's not always immediately obvious what is and isn't tested from a high level.
It's likely partly a PR/branding exercise as well.

In the new world that Meta sees, of VR/AR and AI, Meta is in a position already were people don't want them to have much power in this world, because they don't trust them over privacy etc, meta is trying to pivot to become more trustworthy so they make genuine moves in this space.
Babe, wake up, a new Rust post from Chris Krycho just dropped.
“Housing is for living, not for speculation”

- President Xi

Probably the last time I agree with him on something
Feels like a spirit vs. letter conflict. When we say "Codecov is now Open Source" we sincerely mean it at face value. We think we're embodying the spirit of open source. If the letter doesn't jibe then let's change it together.

Also feels like we'd have to take this conversation to a video call or something to make any further progress.

[disclosure: I'm Head of Open Source at Sentry, which owns Codecov.]
Ask HN: Is there a secret sauce for Chat with Structured Data applications?
In the past few months, we've seen the raising of LLM-powered Chat with Data companies, where most of them are only a thin wrapper arround ChatGPT/LangChain. However, I've realized that whereas the recipe for building Chat with Unstructured Data applications is very well-known and widely publicized, up to a point of drawning renewed attention to the dense retrieval problem and fostering the creation of mult-million dollar vector database companies, such as PineCone and Chroma, Chatting with Structured Data has not recieved the same level of attention, even though there are a few small companies launching applications (on the top of LangChain's csv agent or LLaMA Index query engine, I presume) to allow chatting with csvs and sql databases . I was wondering if anyone here at HN has worked on similar applications and would be willing to share the knowledge obtained on that. What is the secret sauce for Chat with Structured Data applications? Do these companies this kind of application have any kind of moat besides good prompts and the fact this niche has been less explored than chatting with unstructured data? Are there any recommendations or good practices of how to take the most of chatting with structured data or even how to adapt LLMs to make them prominent in answering questions about a slice of data?
In this specific case, they were also pretty squirrely on the details.

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/are-5-memorable-mo...

> Asked by Rep. Jared Moskowitz, D-Fla., how such a program is funded, Grusch claimed that the effort is "above congressional oversight" and bankrolled by a "misappropriation of funds."

> "Does that mean that there is money in the budget that is set to go to a program but it doesn't and it goes to something else?," Moskowitz asked.

> "Yes. I have specific knowledge of that," Grusch said, though he did not provide more details, claiming the information remains classified.

The chances of "we have aliens" being unclassified, but the exact details being classified... is fairly slim.
Are the M1 macs capable enough? I'm eyeing and upgrade in the coming months and I'm curious if a MacBook would be suitable
> If the website is hosted on a CDN or cloud provider, then someone monitoring the IP traffic only knows that you're visiting something hosted by that CDN.

This isn't true, because the request leaks the hostname in the handshake via SNI:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication
I don't understand why I am being downvoted? I am just trying to understand what's going on & both side of the story.
Wouldn’t it be possible to leverage Zapier for their integrations instead of trying to imitate that?
Then you weren’t reading properly. The articles that make the rounds here every now and then simply posit that the way checkups frequently end up being conducted is not very useful, but there is absolutely no doubt in the value of primary care checkups in scientific consensus.
I think the #1 issue with HTML (and CSS) is that it is portrayed as being trivial, easy, "not a programming language". Someone who has written a few `<td>` "knows HTML". It's not respected. Consequently, people don't invest time in learning to use it well and keeping up with new features. And then they use it poorly, or run into awful examples of it, and come to the wrong conclusions about it.

While the idea of a markup/styling language is pretty simple, HTML+CSS deal heavily with difficult concepts like ontologies, cascading and non-imperative behavior, balancing UX & machine interpretability (accessibility), etc. Add in HTTP and browser APIs. Web dev is distributed computing par excellence, and is extraordinary deep and challenging, yet it's also viewed as among the lowest forms of programming. That's a big mismatch.
Discord on Xbox will soon let you stream your gameplay to friends
LLM could transform "bad HTML" into good HTML; add ARIA tags, add image captions, etc.
Almost every mainstream language has a way to "lazily" (in the sense you mean) iterate over lists, so this can't be what the author was singling out. I think he's just confused.
This doesn't really help, though? My understanding is that in the sports where doping was a thing, if you wanted to be competitive at top level, you basically had to find a way to dope. This isn't something 'just the winners' did. Near everyone was doing it.

So, yeah, you can look for it with later testing, but all that will do is claw back a winner. It doesn't help anyone that wasn't doing it. Is why none of us have any clue who the best cyclist during the Armstrong era was. With the scary view that the cheating was so widespread that the current winners were still the best if everyone stopped cheating.
Sometimes it's so difficult to continue to feel positive about science news when there have been so many instances of false hope. Cautiously optimistic is the best position to be in, I think.

That being said:

I want the magical floating rocks to be real.

I want the talky computer to be self aware and capable of genuine creation.

I want the explanation for UAPs to be aliens.

I want reactionless engine technology.

I definitely still feel excited by things, but time has taught me to temper it.
Dollars per corpse could backfire because of the Cobra effect

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perverse_incentive
You have the option to hide the actual message, at least on Android.
As you do when you connect to any website ?
> No, it is clearly not, not ever has it functioned. It is also destructive to do.

Most people would agree that the USA from about 1950-1975 functioned very well, if you can temporarily ignore the racism and sexism that made its success unevenly distributed. That was accompanied by (and partly explained by) high marginal tax rates.

You seem to either be using "progressive tax rates" to mean something different than it conventionally does, or to not understand how they work.

> As your hourly rate sinks with amount worked.

This is simply not true of progressive tax rates as conventionally defined.

> You even completely ignored my argument about progressive taxes devaluing work. As your hourly rate sinks with amount worked.

Progressive tax rates do not devalue work, they devalue excessive rates of compensation.

> Nobody pretends to want taxes as a fixed amount. That is some absurd thing you just made up

Actually, several US Republican presidential candidates over the past couple of decades have specifically proposed a flat rate of income tax.
Elon Musk’s extravagant ‘X’ sign atop the former Twitter HQ has been dismantled
I’d love to live in Utah if the state wasn’t run by a church.
Do you disagree the Apache licensed version of Sentry doesn’t provide real value?

What about all the supporting tech that we have released as MIT, BSD, or Apache?

All of that is funded by our ability to stop companies like your beloved GitLab from being the ones who commercialize the other parts. Our goal is not to argue about proper nouns, but to maintain the spirit of open source, and to do that we need to move the conversation forward.
Why Therapy Is Broken
Gut–brain axis study shows autism-associated molecular, microbial profiles
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/when-beetle-gets-e...
GitLab is a good example of not actually opensource. They are open corse which is much worse than BSL. There are tons of features they don't allow you to use even if you self-host unless you purchase a license.

BSL lets you use all features and self-host as long as you aren't a reseller. It is the best model I've seen.
My recommendation if open courseware is the type of resource that might interest you:

http://mocha-java.uccs.edu/ECE5550/index.html
Things like this befit an emperor who just learned he didn’t have any clothes on.

Nobody I know has a favorable opinion of Elon Musk anymore. Everybody thinks he’s an idiot swinging a blunted axe around.

It probably hurts him more than we know.
This is an entire genre now called clicker games. For whatever reason, people are entranced by watching numbers get bigger. It's the same thing with RPGs.
> The web version of this game was
not designed to work on phones.
Grab the mobile version below.

:/