skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
SubSchool, is platform aiming to revolutionize education by enabling teachers to create automated courses and offering students personalized learning experiences. Leveraging AI and automation, SubSchool not only reduces the cost of quality education but also customizes assignments to enhance student performance. With a transparent rating system and unique course creation features, it cultivates an environment of trust and superior learning.

We have now released a beta version of the most basic features - creating a school (automatically upon registration), courses, lessons and homework. And we want to understand how convenient and understandable the basic functions are before we add more functionality.

P.S. You need to register for the test, but there is an overview video: https://youtu.be/zaJsEUTINFk
My 2c:

Why nuclear power is a dumb idea.

Countries with nuclear reactors: 32.

Countries which have had nuclear leaks or meltdowns: 15.

Number of nuclear leaks and meltdowns since 1952 (only those which resulted in loss of human life or >US$50K property damage): ~100.

About 60% of those have been in the USA, allegedly the most advanced country in the world with the bestest regulation of such things.

Note that the USA requirements for nuclear reactor waste (yes, they produce toxic waste; they are not clean), last time I checked, required the canisters to be able to survive for 300 years. The waste lasts longer than 300 years. So all you can do with the waste, at best, is leave it for someone else to handle later.

Two years ago the USA had a leak which spilled ~400,000 gallons of radioactive water into a major river system, and it was covered up for two years. You can not trust governments or nuclear power companies about this stuff.

The entire ecosystem is getting poisoned by all that waste water Japan is dumping. Almost 50% of countries with nuclear reactors have had significant leaks and meltdowns, and it only takes one significant event to screw up the entire natural environment.

Finally: If you are not willing to have a nuclear reactor right beside your house, but are willing to have one beside someone else's house, you are a coward and are not really in favour of nuclear power.
I don't know the name of this idiom, but the following is valid Python:

import pandas as pd

my_df = (

pd.Dataframe(<fetch_data>)

.join(<...>)

.query(<...>)

.sort_values(<...>)

)

I also use plotly like so:

my_plot = (

px.line(<...>)

.update_xaxes(<...>)

.update_layout(<...)

)

Not exactly function chaining, but I guess it has a similar effect.

I'm happy with Python's syntax nowadays and much prefer seeing improvements on library / environment related things.
So do less of it. The concentration is meaningless, the ingested and metabolized amount is what matters.
Excellent comment.

> If we're going to use global battery production figures, we need to use global electricity consumption, which is about 70 TWh per day

Don't forget about all the energy usage that isn't currently electricity, but will need to be! Especially heating & transportation.
> There may be an odd case here and there where someone tried a substance and got hooked, but usually addiction is a sign of a deeper mental health issue that needs to be dealt with

Why do you think the balance is that way round?
The more persons who know about a secret, the less a secret it is. I'd say it's a good thing.

It should be easier to hack a congressman's personal email account than someone in a air gapped military compound, and easier to hack a scientist's (presumably) academic email.
Hydro is only source of renewable power that generates >50% of any country's electricity grid: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_renewable...

Wind caps out at 42% with Denmark, solar at 15% in Australia. Many countries have nearly 100% of their electricity coming from hydroelectricity. Besides nuclear power, hydroelectricity is one of the few non-intermittent sources of renewable energy - sure, rainfall does technically make hydro intermittent in a sense, but it's not going to change output on a dime when the sun goes down or the wind stops blowing.

Well, you also have geothermal power, but that's even more geographically constrained than hydro.
Why BIOS loads MBR into 0x7c00 in x86? (2010)
Addiction is a brain disease, and it matters: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9311924/

"effective treatment approaches will include biological, behavioral, and social-context components."
Fossil fuel companies are those mustache-twirling profit optimization villains, and there is demonstrated evidence that they have run a decades long campaign against any form of energy that is not fossil fuel...

10-25% short fall doesn't require 10x over capacity, it requires a mix of overcapacity + storage + energy conservation measures.
I grew up so immersed in Catholicism that I was aware of Protestants but always thought they were a small minority (in America, to be clear). I didn’t hear the Protestant version until I was in my late teens, I think in a film. Even though I’m not a Catholic anymore, and on the rare occasion that I attend church it’s my wife’s Protestant one, this version always makes me feel like I’ve missed a step on a staircase.
>There’s no need to be rude about it.

I'm sorry, then! (Was I tho? I thought I answered mostly matter-of-factly)
It’s interesting data but the analysis is pretty weak IMHO. Religious groups tend to drink less, yet the author supposed that they had found an invalid correlation and could not list a reason as to why. It also doesn’t acknowledge the bias built into the IQ exam, and it fails to reason about causality to my satisfaction.
The much-missed Beeb-O-Tron[0] used to have a function to do this called the "Beebobodge"[1], given any timeslot in the week. Nowadays I use Radiofeeds[2] to get live URL stream links which I play through Transmission on Android or VLC on PC.

[0] https://web.archive.org/web/20100402115118/http://beebotron....

[1] https://web.archive.org/web/20100408073914/http://beebotron....

[2] http://www.radiofeeds.co.uk/
The problem with pumped-hydro is - and all storage based solutions is - how low can you let the storage get before it's an emergency?

Electricity is a vital service: completely vital. Without it, modern civilization halts. It might be annoying being unable to make a cup of coffee, but municipal water and sewage need electricity to work. You go without power for a week, and the entire wastewater infrastructure will start shutting down. Refrigeration and food storage fails. Even backup fuel storage becomes a liability because you need electricity to pump it around.

So the question is, how low can you let the reservoir get? Because it's not about how long you could run going from 100% to 0% - it's how much of it can you use. And we have a model for this, in the form of another service: city townwater supplies.

In Australia, water restrictions go into effect when we hit <50% water capacity in the dams. That's the level at which usage cuts are applied to try and ensure we don't run out. At <40% we increase the severity. But this sort of resource exhaustion is also slow - we lose storage capacity over the course of months, not days.

And this is a resource which is dependent on electricity to supply (we also have a desalination plant, so we have some guaranteed capacity).

So within that context then - i.e. imagine you're planning a nation-state electricity supply, what are your risks? - how good does pumped hydro - or any storage-based solution - look, when your requirement is "the power cannot go off - ever". Put on your systems engineering hat, treat it like a software deployment - what level of redundancy and overbuild would you want when you're told "this is a mission critical, safety-critical system consuming an intermittently available resource". How much capacity and overbuild would you believe is necessary to have confidence, or even decision-making capability, when pressured?
If flights are carrying that much hydrogen around with them they should also just use them for "free" lift. I don't think hydrogen fuel tanks save the airplane, I think they return us to economic models where the blimp/airship make more sense.
Is this like Yahoo! Pipes? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahoo!_Pipes
The /api endpoint seems to return me a 301 error from the command line.
And there are ways to remediate wastelands! It would take a very long time though if we just "left it alone".

I think there's a false dichotomy about what "human intervention" means, because as a civilization, we think of human intervention as forces that act upon the ecosystem from the outside. Not all cultures and civilizations sees it that way. I think we think that way in modern times because we see ourselves as apart from the ecosystem rather than a part of the ecosystem. It's pretty common to hear people say, "there's nothing there", even if it is a lush, wildland (or close enough to it).

As an example, there are ancient, abandoned perennial food forests that were created by the inhabitants. These work with natural processes so that yields useful to humans are byproducts of the healthy ecosystem, and they can carry on even when humans stop tending them.
> Your country, and even Europe as a whole, is not the same thing as humanity.

What a strange thing to say, when the previous commenter wasn't saying the opposite. They were citing when weed became legal, socially accepted, and permeating of their culture, which is the topic.
definitely a lot of great builds but they desperately need an editor and should drop the big promises.
That’s for March 31st, presumably in the northern hemisphere. I assume the curve looks dramatically different for July 31st.
I do the backups from my Mac. Photos on that Mac is configured to download all of the photos in iCloud Photos. It is the source of truth for my photos. The photos are stored in a library directory as discrete files and the backup software has no problem backing them up.

It would be trivial to restore the whole set of photos. It is more complex to restore specific individual photos as you would need to know the file name of that photo.

If you want to generate an alternate photo store you can export some or all of the photos but that is not necessary for backups.
What Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin and Viktor Orbán Understand About Your Brain
Fukushima shows that even early nuclear reactors are incredibly safe. You take an aging plant based on an outdated design, construct it in an unsafe location, then hit it with the fifth-largest earthquake ever recorded, then hit it with a 20 foot high tsunami, and then it explodes... and what were the casualties? One worker and maybe 50 early deaths due to cancers. A typical coal power plant kills more people every year from the air pollution it spews out. And don't forget that the cause of the meltdown was an earthquake and tsunami that killed 20,000 people!

If we judged other forms of power generation the way we judge nuclear, we simply wouldn't have electricity.
Are you living in the same Seattle-area I am, or are you new to the area? Because weeks of >80F is not a "nice summer" in Seattle, especially for those that don't have A/C (which, because of the previously mild summer climate in Seattle, is probably most homes).
During the times in which they are illegal, there's a certain beauty to the rebellion of a person fed up enough with their unconscious misalignment that they break the rules and heal themselves. (as long as they don't get punished for it. if they're punished for it, the society becomes a degree crueler)

Of course, it would be a lot better if they were legal, but I don't particularly want to see a time in which the only way you can get access to these things is through system-mandated control.
Some other company's LLM being your secret sauce is different than using AWS services to build your secret sauce on top of.
Thanks so much, that's exactly what I was looking for! I'm not looking for anything beyond fiduciary duties and they've agreed to zero compensation. Thanks! A help topic on this linked during the "add a director" flow would help put a mind at ease. I really appreciate your service so far.
Take a look at the circumstances of MAI Systems. The infringement found was a third-party maintenance engineer copying the user’s licensed software within the user’s own machine for unlicensed use.

Congress later carved out this particular case as fair use. There is no such carve out for copying novels to train LLMs.
how much better is your sleep? and did it improve almost overnight?
From what I've read, in most countries with strong levels of migration, the level of underemployment is almost always lower among migrants than the native born. I'd be pretty astounded if the UK was an exception.

Even just having reached adulthood and attained secondary-school level education makes you a capable worker that the country they migrate to has had to do nothing to support until that point. Any small amount of extra investment to ensure they learn the language and obtain employable-skills on top of that is virtually always going to pay off.
> On the other hand, it runs off of spare bandwidth from customer gateways...

Usually, but not always. They have outdoor enterprise Hotspot 2.0 AP's all over the place in towns they usually advertise ssid as allcaps XFINITY instead of xfinitywifi.
The paper assumes CO2 energy capture at $200/ton. That's "scale up existing technologies" pricing, not "engineering breakthrough" pricing.
> unharmed

harmed to a degree that is proportional to the toast-decision-making latency of the operator
and if you check this article and the charts (from Germany):
https://www.dw.com/en/new-zealands-smoking-ban-a-precedent-f...

It is very very obvious that restricting the product works in such case (from 30%+ of active smokers to almost 5%)
This is interesting. I'm taking a read on this.
I love the old Usborne BASIC books... and the old type-in BASIC program books. I have in my collection a few of those. I love the work of Jeff on converting those old games to JavaScript.

As I mentioned, I'm also impressed by the old Usborne books, therefore I also tried recently to create an illustrated JavaScript course in that style ... See here the first 30%:

https://codeguppy.com/site/download/coding_course.pdf
I remember jumping in and doing Spring Boot. I knew Java. It went well, it helped that I knew about NodeJS and Django.
At this point I think some transparency would be good. One of the complaints about the game is how as time goes on the simulation gets more and more detailed and eventually the game just grinds to a halt.

A little more visibility into how all of this stuff works, and someone might be able to suggest that there's an algorithm that does this or that bit with a much lower order of complexity. A few of those and you can let a game run maybe twice as long.
If you have demonstrated the ability to quit any time you want, is it an addiction? Or a tool you find useful?
If no caffeine then no addiction to caffeine.

You don't get an addiction to a substance that has never been near your body.
OutsideLLMs – Gen AI X Music Hackathon in SF
Hey everyone -

I'm thrilled to announce the AI & Music Hackathon of the year happening in person in San Francisco: https://outsidellms.com!

Organized in partnership with Outside Lands and Empire, this is an opportunity of a lifetime for those who live at the intersection of music and artificial intelligence. All backgrounds welcome, though! We'll have mentorship for people of any and all disciplines.

OutsideLLMs will take place in SF from August 4th to August 6th, with our finalists announced at the final round demo day at an invite-only party with Empire on August 10th! Applications close in a few days, so get them in while you can, and let me know if you have any questions :)

P.S. We still have availability for sponsors, volunteers and mentors, all three forms are live at https://outsidellms.com!
It's not looking good so far. This team reproduced several variants of the formula, and none of them behaved in an interesting way: https://nitter.sneed.network/altryne/status/1686029047053090...
Why not use protocols which are specifically designed to report mapped IP address like STUN? It's faster as UDP exchange is shorter than 3-way TCP handshake (or even TCP+TLS handshake).

Here is an implementation which uses parallel STUN queries to report address reliably as fast as possible: https://github.com/Snawoot/myip
curl https://ip4.me/api/

works for me
Without some real thing, there could be no excuse.
Yeah, to clarify, the D9 gummies I see here are always 10mg. 50mg is only sold in things like brownies or rice krispies treats that are intended to be shared or eaten in multiple servings.

Of course, the problem with a pot brownie is that I may start intending to only eat a quarter of it but then somehow it all ends up getting eaten pretty quickly...
Exactly. By most evidence, new machines should be lasting longer, all told. That so many people feel that is not happening seems to be interesting, in itself. Could be correct, I don't know.

And same in experience. At large, the doors that are getting opened and closed repeatedly by my kids are far far more likely to get broken than any others. Which leads to door seals that are not up to where they should be. And will not surprise me that we run those compressors harder than we would otherwise. Which will lead to those failing.
It's absolutely possible (though not necessarily easy) to write constant-time code on a modern machine and OS. In cryptography, "constant-time" does not mean the code literally takes the same amount of time, it's a technically term which a clear technical definition, "code that does not leak secret information through timing analysis." I didn't invent the terms, argue with cryptographers instead.

Furthermore, many cryptography applications run on simple embedded hardware. In these cases, it can literally be "constant-time" code, which is likely where the term originated from. But it's no longer the definition.
The context is AWS and there's no AWS RISC-V instances yet.

But worry not, RISC-V is inevitable.
StackOverflow is one of the most toxic places on the web. Glad to see it is being replaced by a AI tools.
Then how did I get addicted to all these illegal substances?
I saw a related aspect of this years ago trying to incubate a professional sub-community. It wasn’t a huge group (thousands of people, not millions) but important and long-lived, and the SE community was active, but it was closed for not being active enough.

Years later, that conversation still happens but not on SE since everyone got the message that mods only care about advertising metrics. That’s a common business decision but it seems short-sighted for what SE wants to do.
For ridiculously easy things like this, I think it's smarter for you to just host it yourself. This way you are not forcing other people to carry your burden.

nginx config example:

location /ip {
add_header Content-Type "application/json";
return 200 '{"host":"$server_name","ip":"$remote_addr","port":"$remote_port","server_ip":"$server_addr","server_port":"$server_port

"}\n';
}

Which will return something like this in JSON format:

{"host":"www.example.org","ip":"199.200.200.14","port":"7990","server_ip":"199.200.100.229","server_port":"443"}

This is all done 100% within NGINX, and I include a lot of stuff you probably don't want or care about. Other web servers probably have similar capabilities.
I'd guess these model's understand works more closely to people so encoding in text is more token efficient and things like comments help.

Also syntax seems a lot easier to understand for them than semantics/logic. If you've used GPT-4 it almost never makes syntax errors. Logical errors on the other hand...
Ask HN: What to do with valuable options in company that should have IPO’d
I used to work at a 18yr old private company that “should” have IPO’d. However, we still haven’t. The options are valuable. However, i do not have the minimum required (175k) to sell on EquityZen.

I need to sell some because my father is going through Chemo, and i need the money. I have around ~110k in options.

What are my options?
I'll note that "proper guidance" and "supportive setting" are very much undefined terms here and also do not preclude a traumatic trip.

There's no situation in which using a significant dose of a psychoactive substance as powerful as psilocybin is without risks. That's not to say the risks aren't worth it for anyone, and experienced, supportive guidance can minimize some risks, but it's never without any risk at all.
Show HN: This Girl Next Door Does Not Exist (NSFW)
Warning: NSFW.

I'm posting this from a throwaway. Note that on HN favorites are public, but upvotes are private.

Porn seems like it'll be one of the big areas of ai in the short term. There've been multiple threads and comments about AI + Onlyfans and AI + porn and AI girlfriends on HN recently (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36888038, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36920987, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36849066).

I've heard that porn is the industry that pushes new technology forward - VHS, bluray, highly scalable video serving.

I made a site compiling together some of the AI porn that I made with the help of some people on Discord over the past few months.

I don't think AI will get rid of onlyfans. People spend on onlyfans for more than just the images.

I do think people will have access to unlimited image and video porn at some point in the coming decade, which will definitely change the porn industry.

The site shows what's possible with AI porn today - images both sfw and nsfw, audio, text, and some moving images. There's even more possible than just what's on the page, with lots of people are playing around with making animated gifs that are nsfw, there'll be animated 3d nsfw avatars, and so on. So the site isn't comprehensive at all. But it's still quite interesting.
Large infrastructure projects (and nuclear is certainly one) don't benefit from economies of scale. Half of a nuclear power plant is essentially the same as a coal plant and they have not gone down in price either.

The reality is even assuming that we can not overcome shortages in solar and wind by overprovisioning and storage (and studies say otherwise), it does not make any sense to build nuclear instead of solar/wind as long as we are still running coal. We get much bigger CO2 reduction bang for our buck with solar and wind. Building nuclear would therefore effectively increase our CO2 over alternatives. This is especially true as nuclear plants have a relatively long ROI (in terms of CO2.
To be fair, while it is not part of the Lord's Prayer to Catholics, but a distinct prayer (with very slightly different wording in English, mostly because the Greek goes through Latin to get to English), it has since 1970 been part of the Catholic Mass (Roman Rite) following the Embolism said by the priest immediately after the Lord's Prayer. So it is not exactly foreign or alien to the context of the Lord’s Prayer for Catholics, unless they fell through a 50+ year time portal.
Growing up there was an ad on the radio each year around arbor day. A grizzled old man's voice says "when I was growing up, my dad and I would go to the forest each year on arbor day to plant some trees." It encouraged the same behaviour.

A forest is kind of by definition at capacity for how many trees will grow there. Planting a tree elsewhere means it will not suffer from the canopy blocking all it's light.

So many saplings senselessly murdered by well-meaning wordcels.
It shows that the people who considered the location and plant to be safe enough to be wrong.
Why are we not considering clumping bamboo or/andor hemp;
Both of which take root easier, and grow 3x-5x faster, require less water.