skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
NBD is fairly similar to AoE or iSCSI, you can connect to an NBD and then format it, as you suggest doing with iSCSI and APFS. One use case people were doing a lot at one time is doing RAID-1 with a local partition and a remote partition over NBD in HA clusters.
Jonathan Rees had said: "Here is an a la carte menu of features or properties that are related to these terms; I have heard OO defined to be many different subsets of this list." The aspects he names: "encapsulation", "protection", "ad hoc polymorphism", "parametric polymorphism", "everything is an object", "all you can do is send a message", "specification inheritance = subtyping", "implementation inheritance/reuse", "sum-of-product-of-function pattern". http://www.paulgraham.com/reesoo.html
Generally, Nix's strength is allowing for reproducing software behaviour, yeah.

I'd say NixOS's declarative config more/less covers the config files, where on non-NixOS you'd edit the files under /etc (and hope you didn't break anything).

Whereas, Home Manager's declarative config is more/less the stuff underneath $HOME or the XDG config dir.

Turns out that a few things with fish shell don't work with a purely declarative config. (e.g. the universal environment variables are stateful).

For myself, I don't rely on writing all my configuration in Nix files. I configure fish shell using config.fish. (Though I do use HM to symlink the config file).
That doesn’t answer my question
Michigan state is a public university, which generally aren't as bad because their mission tend towards providing low cost education to residents.

Stanford University, for example: Academic staff: 2,279; Administrative staff: 15,314, Students: 17,246 - that's basically 1:1

A less prestigious private university like University of Southern California: Academic staff: 4,706; Administrative staff: 16,614; Students: 49,318 - that's about 1:2.5
If you're paying $20k for daycare and there's not really a free option, that's just what you have to do.

If you're paying $20k for private school, and there's a free option (public school) - you obviously have a healthy amount of disposable income.
We recently celebrated the end of slavery in my country.

Laws can be silly.
> It is a mistake for the intent of GPL licenses because if the place they received it closes down it can become difficult to get the source / de facto closed source.

Are there any examples of AGPLv3 software that has become de facto closed because the original vendor no longer distributes it and nobody else distributes their copy?

Sounds like a made up problem, theoretically possible but so unlikely as to not be an earnest and genuine concern.
It’s a common technique though. I believe it’s called oversubscription, where you rent the same hardware to more tenants hoping they won’t use it all at once.

Fly.io themselves admitted they’re oversubscribed and AWS is doing the same for years now

Source: https://fly.io/blog/the-serverless-server/
Ps2 works fine, gamecube works fine, xbox works fine - what 20yr old console is having issues with an HDMI tv? Every TV I've seen in the past 2 decades includes RCA and RGB connectors.

S-video is gone, and RF is gone. Coax is still there though, so RF modulators should still work too.
Isn't part of the issue that state and federal funding for higher education hasn't kept up with costs, so the increase just goes straight to the students paying?
One thing that was mentioned in the article, but which seems to be missing from the discussion is the decrease in state funding for higher education.

When I was looking for colleges in the 80s, the most expensive private schools were on the order of $20K all in. Those same schools are on the order of $85K all in, which is an increase of "only" (hah) 450%.

However, my alma mater (SUNY Buffalo) has increased in-state tuition 830% ($1300 to 10.8K). When I went to school there, minimum wage was $3.35/hr. That means that I could work 10 weeks at 40hr/week and pay for my tuition. That's the main reason I graduated without student loan debt. The NYS min. wage is $15/hr, so a student today would have to work 18 weeks to pay for their tuition.

We need to increase state funding for higher education.
Again - the rules about student loans during bankruptcy apply to all student loans, including from private lenders.
"WTF" is there to maintain in the feature anyways? If it's such a bloated mess that this kind of small feature causes maintenance issues and a lot of effort to include in subsequent releases, then maybe it is time for Firefox to fail.

Sigh, I've been using Firefox for almost 2 decades, and this is the first I've heard of this feature.
Dead people don't have or need credit scores
Review of the original Whole Earth Catalog [video]
Review by Lloyd Kahn of Shelter Publications.
The core issue is that there isn't a free market at work here and there are conflicting motivations that are preventing progress toward that model. One the one hand, people want higher education to be affordable and cost effective (which requires a free market) but on the other hand they want higher education available to all even if that means taking on an ROI negative course of study.

For example, if we allowed student loans to be a bankruptable form of debt, then over time, certain schools and majors would be unable to get loans, which then could have a series of economic responses such as universities increase tuition for ROI positive majors to support ROI negative majors or some departments might close or we might see consolidation of universities specializing in certain types of education.
Easy fix - include education, health care, and housing costs into inflation indices.
That's only true if the issue is the cost and not maximizing education. The trick is we really do have folks that deserve college and can't afford it without some kind of help.
Ask HN: Open-Source AI chat/Q&A over your own dataset?
I'm seeing a lot of open-source projects for training an LLM on your own dataset/documents, but they always seem to rely on an OpenAI key.

Apologies if this is a question with an obvious answer, but are there any good open-source projects for doing this without leveraging a 3rd party service? Something that would be 100% self-hosted?
Serious question: what would incentive anyone to lend to people who have any risk at all (i.e. everyone)?
Why a small Toy brand needs copyright after 25+ years? what benefit society gets out of that?
Absolutely. But that person also does not have a divine right to prevent someone else from copying and selling/distributing it either. Especially when doing so does not deprive the original creator of anything unlike physically stealing something.
Yep, spot on. The rabbit hole I fell down that eventually led me to the RetroTINK started with those cheap $30 HDMI upscaling devices, but they do weird stuff to your picture and add wicked amounts of lag. People who know more than I do have assured me that the RetroTINK in particular minimizes lag compared to other analog-to-digital converters, although I'm sure it's not quite as good as a setup without a converter at all.

I can confirm that the picture quality is phenomenal though. You can tweak about a million different settings and even add fake scanlines!
"marketplace". Ah ok. Good thing they are all preserved on the torrent network then.
I love visual representations of time passing like this, they really help to put it in perspective.

I use something similiar that only covers a year (kinda like GitHub's activity view) and it helps me visualise that future events, such as a half marathon that seems like ages away, is actually only 8 Sunday runs away.
Most people desire not being poor over most other things.
In other words, the government has become a predatory lender with some intermediaries.
With my limited use cases, I've found multipass to be really comfortable. Was really easy to get into and make work. I'm not passionate about Linux distros, so Ubuntu is fine for me.
My favorite part of the video starts around 0:56 where you watch this tiny guy prepping the coupler on that huge engine. The sheer weight of all that metal, and the power of steam.
We know what happens when it is other people's money.

Also fascinating is the increased room and board (square area requirement per student) due to the lack of experience sharing rooms in the family as family sizes have collapsed to sub replacement levels.
I found it's a struggle to backup VM where it's store in private folders.
It's not possible to focus back which is a bummer.
> Hint: It's tough to get your 1st credit card if you have no credit history in the US and most lenders will not even entertain that idea. Some will do if you put in a collateral like $500 of actual cash deposit to guard against the default risk.

Is that true these days? At my university 20 years ago, the credit card companies would bribe 18-year-old freshmen to sign up for their cards.
“Confusion over meaning?” What else could he possibly have thought the thumbs up emoji meant?
> Maybe one of you startup inclined people can make an openllama startup that charges by request

I'm currently building www.lalamon.us specifically to provide a fully hosted open source model experience. One slight difference is that I'm providing a private chat instance for each user, so charging based on hours of active chat usage seemed to make more sense. Per-request charging seems more unpredictable for users, but I'd be interested in hearing the case either way.

Feel free to reach out with more questions if interested; my email is in my profile.
I think these statistics are meaningless without discussing how much state/federal funding has been removed. The article briefly mentions it, but gives no idea of what percentage of tuition was effectively state funded in 1980/1983. I'm not sure where to get that information, and I expect tuition costs will have risen faster than inflation + reversion to students paying the true cost, but without that information these numbers are misleading at best.
Sorry but "rising" is not allowed in traditional Indian institutions. India should accept the position it was born into.
I think this exists: https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-api/enterprise... but it is rumored to be absurdly expensive. Unless prices come down to at least the same order of magnitude as scraping I suspect people will be willing to risk the legal uncertainty involved with scraping.
Thought for Food: Mahatma's Views on Nutrition, Controlled and Balanced Diets
Yes and I was applying for VP of IoT.
Rent control results in slums and shortages.
Websites and billboards are not comparable. If anything ads would be more comparable. So now I have to ask, why are you wanting to advertise dicks?
They already have an order of magnitude more users than Mastodon has. It doesn't seem necessary for bootstrapping.
True; so the server-side rendering is tuned for minimal server load, with the resulting output being heavily degraded. Still good enough for its purpose, and Firefox gets the bonus hi-res thumbnails :-)
Interoperable Lakehouse: Difference Between Onetable and UniForm
In firefox you can split the url bar from the search bar, to make the intent explicit. Additionally, you can set browser.fixup.dns_first_for_single_words to true in about:config, after which typing ai in the url bar will offer to "visit" http://ai/ as the default option.
> Many people using Delphi back in the day will probably already know Lazarus

If there is someone who interested in Lazarus, Qt and 2D/3D CAD software, here is an opensource boat (not only) design & simulation software project which was rewritten from Delphi.[0,1,2]

[0] https://github.com/markmal/freeship-plus-in-lazarus

[1] http://web.archive.org/web/20160128212152/http://hydronship....

[2] https://sourceforge.net/projects/freeship
The primary difference being they aren't forcing instagram users to register with Threads - google was very clearly inflating their numbers in a way that threads/meta/facebook currently isn't.
We are not discussing "not writing any code" but "writing only code that earns money".
My go-to example of game that are "lost" is No One Lives Forever and its sequel. In this case, though, I don't know about the source. All I know is that studio M&A have rendered these titles to be in eternal copyright limbo.
Well some philosophy majors will still end up earning a decent amount.

So the philosophy department will still be earning - just less.

They could also charge a higher percentage of future income to make up for the loss of earnings.
1pass

And infrastructure as code
That frankly sounds like a rather obvious use case for a big corporation. The Fediverse is entirely open, so if a company just creates their own server and follows people from all other servers, they can easily get access to all that open communication.

I've recently been thinking about whether it's possible to add some form of limited distribution using encryption. Perhaps hitch-hiking on WebAuthn public keys? I have no idea if that would work, though.
Postdocs are paid, and that's basically what a residency is. Or you can think of it as a co-op during a CS degree, which is also paid.
When Marvel releases a new movie, some absurdly large chunk of revenue is earned in the first 5 years.

Why allow them to extend it at all? Even 5 years is excessive, give them 18 months. Disallow it entirely for any work that was ever released with DRM. And since we're talking video games, I'm not certain that online games count as being DRM-free... if it can't be 100% self-hosted, no copyright for you.

What Blizzard did to bnetd was shameful
Not if you're independent, resourceful, and motivated to learn. Is there some risk in not going to college, yeah, maybe - but young adults have many years to 'figure it out'. Not all answers lie in institutional credentials.

I've worked with dozens of self taught programmers, designers, operators, etc. Look at how much more information is available via the web now vs what was available in 1983.
I was listening to a Python podcast a few months ago where they were hating on macOS/Macs and it really resonated with me. They were saying it was becoming a common sentiment to move away from Macs, and this is after their throttling issues seen in Intel macs.

Anyway they’re just opinions. I can list the reasons macOS makes my life harder, or doesn’t do things it used to do, for example display scaling on 1440p displays, but ultimately it doesn’t matter, because it works for you!
Not a fan of internet culture laws; they're cute but meaningless. And you got it wrong too. Poe's law is about sarcasm, parody, and extreme views. I realize that what was center or center-left is now right wing for extreme leftists, but that doesn't change facts only culture perception. I asked questions. I acknowledged climate change and I ask about migration as just another factor. It is even in the OP article. The discovered cases were in Florida and Texas which are also largely effected by illegal immigration. "travel-related malaria":

<Although both states see many travel-related malaria cases each year, those cases don’t usually lead to local spread.

I am starting to think I am being trolled in some manner by someone working out their rationalization of their posts through edits and second guesses.
That's the first series, the second series [1] is a parody of TW.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Look_Around_You#Series_two
That is not what "Show HN" is for¹, but the idea of a curated collection of "On This Day" event reports from the wayback machine sounds like a nice idea to me now ;)

¹ https://news.ycombinator.com/showhn.html
I can now see why someone's quipped that the promise of NixOS is that "it will change everything but mutate nothing".
I'm curious if anyone has run the numbers on tuition versus direct state spending on higher education. What is the trend for overall spending on public higher ed since 1983, for instance? How much of the increase in tuition fees is to make up for decreased direct subsidization?
As a ML researcher, I don't think you're far off the point.

w.r.t HN, there's almost all hype and no "science". People have strong convictions but not strong evidence. They happily cite papers, but only read the abstracts and miss the essential nuance. Especially in a field where suggesting limitations puts you at high risk of rejection (reviewers just copy paste that and thank you for the work).

w.r.t academia, it is a bit better, but I find that in general there are a lot of researchers missing math fundamentals. I know or have met people at top universities or top labs that don't know the difference between likelihood and probability. Similarly ones that don't understand probability density. Even ones working on diffusion. But I will say, that in general the most prominent researchers do have these skills. But you'll notice that they aren't publishing as fast and their works might not even be as popular. A lot of research right now goes into parameter tuning and throwing compute at the problem. I've been a bit vocal about this though. Mostly due to it being a barrier to other types of research (because I'll admit that the tuning is needed, but we need to be honest that it isn't high innovation either and that it is hard to prove these are better given that we haven't tuned other models/architectures to the same degree).

tldr: You're pretty spot on. There's a shit ton of noise in ML/AI. Especially on HN

Edit:

I thought I should also suggest Richard McElreath's Statistical Rethinking (https://xcelab.net/rm/statistical-rethinking/), which is a more enjoyable read than ISLR and will also introduce you to Bayesian stats (Lectures are also on youtube). I'd also suggest Gelman's Regression and Other Stories (https://avehtari.github.io/ROS-Examples/).
> But the government has "protected" all loans - private education loans are also unable to be discharged by bankruptcy,

Private education loans are mostly an issue for non-accredited schools, since usually you can cover the full costs, with better terms, with federal loans at accredited schools. They are also less than 8% of the volume of student loans. They are basically a whole different (and much smaller) policy issue.
All SUSE has to do is stay quiet and they'll come out looking good...
>This is really it. It's not a game of all-OO, zero-OO or strictly following a pattern you saw on YouTube that one time. It's all about nuance and minimizing the # of moving parts until each is really serving you some value.

Minimizing the number of moving parts shouldn't be your goal.

Testability of the moving/complicated parts should be.

I don't really care about how you break up your code, but it should be trivially testable, at both the unit, and the integration test level. OOP makes it at least possible for less experienced developers to accomplish both of those things.

It's nice that you got rid of all the indirection and all the nearly-pass-through interfaces in your code sample, but how would you test it? In a unit test? In an integration test? Are you going to need to dial out to a real, live SQL database to do so? For every test? Will you be re-using the database across multiple tests, and thus, require all your tests to avoid object collisions? Paying a startup cost for every test you run? Reusing it for some tests? Who's going to maintain that reused, QA database? Who's going to deal with it when some clown pollutes it with garbage?

These are all solvable problems, they have multiple approaches to solving them, with varying tradeoffs, but they are tradeoffs. 'Simpler-to-write' code is usually not the tradeoff you want to optimize for. You write code once, you test it thousands of times.
>People following it will be lifting considerable percentage of their body weight very quickly.

That's what we call a benefit. The reason those people are suddenly lifting their body weight? They've gotten stronger! Deadlift from day 1, people. Your back will thank you. If you're worried about it, ask someone to check your form at the gym (most people are friendly!), or just post it online (I did this when I first started lifting).

Being able to bend over and pick something heavy up off the ground is a pretty fundamentally important human movement.
I would be totally fine with that, but I think it would be...not politically viable. This scheme is basically my compromise that I think could be able to survive in some form.

I think your proposal is a better version of copyright, but I think as a starting point for a legislative discussion it probably doesn't get a conversation off the ground
`derive` macros would not be possible to imitate with inheritance. `derive(PartialEq)`, for instance, examines all the fields of a struct definition and generates a function which compares them all. Using inheritance, you could inherit from a parent `PartialEquivalence` class, but if you added any new fields, you'd have to write your new implementation of the `==` operation by hand to accommodate them.

Macros have a much longer history in purely functional languages (in particular, lisps) than they do in procedural or OO languages. So you could argue that this problem is actually much easier to solve from a functional approach.
FWIW Alex Tabarrok (economist) wrote a small book analyzing this and came away with the conclusion that it's mostly Baumol; if you're interested in a deeper dive:

https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/FCMfToFnRXhsfpfQB/book-revie...
And the larger Mastodon instances aren't going to connect to Threads either:

1) to protect their users from Meta inhaling user data, and as a source of spam, harassment etc. If Threads is not defederated upfront, it would be blocked soon after.

2) The sheer volume from the data from Threads is not going to be manageable.

So stop pretending that they are.
The externality of this is that fewer women are having kids. Even if it's overall a good situation for the individuals, in 30 or 60 years we may see the overall quality of life dwindle as the population stagnates or begins to decline. Economic growth is a byproduct of population growth. This doesn't bode well for the US if it means its population could soon become similar to that of Japan's, where the average age is elderly with fewer and fewer young adults available to participate in innovation and economic growth.

I'm not saying that any of this is bad in general, just that the U.S., and probably the world in aggregate, has paved its own path to a stagnant economy and an eventual declining population. And this isn't the fault of the individuals choosing this path, just that wealthy capitalists have put their own needs over incentivizing people to keep the world populated and participate in the end game of motherhood/fatherhood.
Yeah it’s top-tier hardware, but the software limits it. My main issue has been with Docker, which has been discussed to death here on HN in various threads.
HAHA. Oracle clapping back at IBM.
Also helps to drop standards like SAT/ACT. If you don't need grades or money to get into school, well, that includes just about everyone.
> Um, no. Almost all real programs have mutable state, and the state has to live somewhere.

The state lives in the process and you can have millions of processes if you'd like. If you want to get some bit of state then just send a message to the process that manages that state and it will give it to you. It's like traditional object oriented programming except the objects are alive.
But isn't spam like that exactly the sort that will ultimately get completely ignored? I probably get a dozen or so such barely-relevant internal emails a day where I work, and have learned how to recognize them by the sender and subject line, and ignore them.

A "leaderboard" email would 100% be one that I ignore as a time-waster.
Maybe procedural?
Student loans can be discharged through bankruptcy, if you pass hardship requirements.

- https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/forgiveness-cancellation...

- https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/blog/busting-myths-...