skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> There is also no biochemical reason why base2 life wouldn't work.

are you sure about that? are you sure there's no weird effects that might destabilize very long sequences of 2-nucleotide DNA? or on how wide DNA-binding domains have to be to cope with reduced information density, and how that might sterically hinder smaller arrangements of proteins?

> My answer adresses the question completely, because the only reason behind these "decisions" is an ancient system that simply got "frozen", and now cannot change any more.

your answer is just a hypothesis, not a proof. these things can be studied (by studying abiogenesis in-vitro), and it's not certain these decisions were "flash frozen" like you describe. 2-, 4-, and 6- nucleotide coding systems might have coexisted in the RNA world, and 4- could have won out for some reason.
With these search keywords, I've cut down on my general purpose search engine use dramatically, maybe 90%. Most of my searches through ddg/google used to be searches I intended to land on a known website with, so with search keywords for the search functionality on wikipedia, documentation websites, etc, I have been able to cut out the middleman.

Also, people slag on wikipedia's search functionality a lot, but I've found it to actually be pretty good even with imprecise searches. For instance, I forgot the name of Lubyanka, but searching for "KGB prison" found it: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=kgb%20prison
Probably the majority.

Many older works are permanently lost, or the few film copies remaining are rotting in vaults.
In the search settings disable "Show search suggestions ahead of browsing history in address bar results"
> Now to figure out what a "flake" is…

Flake is a worthwhile addition to Nix that is worth learning. But like anything Nixian, it's not straightforward.

Have you checked out any of the tools that aim to simplify Nix experience? We built Devbox (https://github.com/jetpack-io/devbox) with this in mind.
I like inserting the “delete” or other deliberate action message into the prompt. Entering a resource name feels far more developer-driven workflow.
Depends on your social class. In UK wealthy families don't learn skills, they are above that already. They learn history, literature, rhetoric.

They won't need to "do", they are here to "be".
Fact.

But Ubuntu are if anything worse in their own ways.

So if there is any RH to Ubuntu traffic, I don't expect it to stay.

Anyone considering Ubuntu should probably just use Debian. Not that Debian is the ultimate answer to all needs, just that "if you were considering Ubuntu".

But really I don't know what to suggest these days. Alma & Rocky have a strategy for the moment but who knows if RH will figure out a way to break that at any minute.

That leaves what? Arch? Nix? Gentoo? no. Maybe just everyone makes their own based on Alpine or something.

I mean at work not your desktop.
Almost every country is capitalist, including Russia. I didn't try to compare capitalist vs non-capitalist countries, I tried to show that in capitalist countries the price of services is not related to expenses. In both countries mobile providers use similar equipment which probably cost the same, but the price they charge from consumers is significantly different.
This is like perl but better
Objects open up some advantages in how you snap together code that namespaces alone do not.

Code is much easier to deal with when you define abstractions around small sets of functionality and then allow the caller to pass in various objects that provide those functions to the code that needs it.

You can have an application that accepts a 'data_backend', and then provide a data_backend that just stores information into a dict for testing and getting the app initially written, one that tracks all of the changes made or exposes them for tests to check, or another that stores it to sqlite for running a local instance, and another that stores it to some real database for a larger one.

The calling code doesn't need to know what the data_backend does or how it works, it just tells it "store this", "read that" and the data_backend does whatever it does and data goes in and out of it.

You build up all your code that way and you'll be able to easily stub chunks and replace them with functional implementations, and then swap those out when needs change or by options given at runtime.

It's a lot easier to read and write than code that's littered with a million if statements trying to keep track of too much complexity in too many ways all at once.

OOP is just syntax sugar and compiler constraint enforcement for the same kinds of things you see the linux VFS do. There are many filesystems for linux, but each just provides a handful of functions in a structure that should be called against the structures representing the various types of filesystems. In Linux's C you have to slap it all through a (void *), but in languages with objects, you can use those as the medium of abstraction instead of doing it manually.

Some make you do a bunch of inheritance garbage with stapling objects together, others will let you build to interface definitions, or just check the structure of the object to see if it matches the needs of the caller, or be a dynamic language that just checks for the members at runtime.
Yes, the best portable media player begot the best mobile phone. The best mobile phone begot the best general computing device - the general compute structure is emergent not core.

Think AirFryers and Convection Ovens - focused, small package, easy to use, etc vs…
I work more in the firmware space, so my experience with feature toggles is always with half-baked tooling and limited ability to change deployed products. We do use continuous development within the organization, so there is still a lot of applicability, but it's always interesting to see the way similar problems get addressed in a higher-level and more online environment.

That said, I'm surprised this article doesn't mention the two words that always come to my mind when I see toggles: combinatorial explosion. Several times I've worked on projects that went way too toggle-happy and decided that new functionality should be split into indefinite life "features". Just in case the company someday wants to sell a model without that feature. Of course, when an old toggle finally gets turned off a year later, you realize that it crashes the system because several other features kind of half depend on them.
I think a lot of the solutions come close but don't quite get there. It seems like there's kind of a divide between the open source solutions that are probably more sensitive to the day-to-day pain points of developers and the bigger managed service players that seem to be optimizing for contract size.

Hadn't thought of the frontend build hashing idea - like that a lot
Yeah, I live in SV but when I visit other parts of CA I get spam calls from the local area code. This happens when I have not made any phone calls to local numbers.

I do sometimes get calls when I'm at home from these area codes, but when I'm traveling my spam calls are always from these area codes, which makes it very unlikely it's just random chance.
Even the dashboard isn't really enough... if I'm running a one-off application or many, I may not log into every dashboard for every single thing regularly. A scream test would have been most appropriate, combined with a backup and at least 30 days retention for migration.
> and this bubble is going to burst and hurt a lot of people

> But AI is here to stay. And even after the bubble bursts, there will be real uses of AI all around us.

This is, as a ML researcher, exactly where I'm at (in belief). The utility is high, but so is the noise. Rather, the utility is sufficient. The danger of ML is not so much X-risk or malevolent AGI, but dumb ML being used inappropriately. And in general, that is using ML without understanding the limitations and having checks on it to ensure that when hallucinations happen that they don't cause major problems. But we're headed in a direction where we're becoming more reliant upon them and then once we have a few big issues with hallucinations the bubble will burst and can end up setting us back a lot in our progress to creating AGI. Previous winters were caused by lack of timely progress, but the next winter will happen because we shoot ourselves in the foot. Unfortunately, the more people you give guns to, the more likely this is to happen -- especially when there's no safety training or even acknowledgement of danger (or worse, the only discussion is about being shot by others).
Agreed, asset management isn't only about knowing and tracking what the business possesses. A good system

1. Separates, but inter-connect the Asssets and CI. An asset will never change during its lifecycle. A CI is the actual configuration(s) of an asset. It could be a simple laptop (asset) with a standard OS (CI, one-to-one relationship), or it could be a server (asset) with multiple virtual machines (CI, one-to-many relationship)

2. Will handle the entire lifecycle of the equipment.

3. Will be an integral part of the purchasing, receiving and decommission process.

4. Will allow you to predict and plan the replacement of old assets with a high level of confidence.

The product presented by OP only touches a sliver of what asset management is. For some it might be just enough, but most don't realize how complex it can become.
What the nix language needs is support for first-class breakpoint instructions.

That is, I ought to be able to do something along the lines of

`let x = break (...)`

The semantics here is that, when x is evaluated (i.e., forced into WHNF), I get placed into a debugger where I can examine the context and either (1) choose to return a new value for `x` or (2) let it fall through and let `x` take on the value of `(...)`. The main issue with nix is debuggability
Ah, the Google Talk playbook.
The thing that's so disappointing to me is that the library was _so_ much large for the Virtual Console on the Wii, and the Wii launched in '05 I think. They create artificial scarcity of the games so they can slowly roll them out or do a remaster.

It's a real shame since I _love_ old Nintendo games, they really did a fantastic job, but the limited access is sad.
This is a common theme on HN, but it's not obvious to me if it reflects this entire period we're talking about here. Were government loans growing from 1980 to 2000? I know they have been in the last 20 years, but tuition was clearly growing before that (as you can see for yourself in the graphs of the original article).
One thing I see missing in this article is another huge cost to these things.

What happens when your homegrown feature flag microservice (because why pay for a hard cost when you can have the soft cost of making your own) goes down, even temporarily.

Sane defaults at code review time, before launch aren't always the sane defaults after a feature has fully launched, or nearly fully launched.

I've seen more than a few egregious outages due to a feature flagging tool being down and taking the user experience back a year or two.
so let's say I wrote a book that I like it, some people like it but it was far from a success -and I want to prevent from being copied, I have to pay $100k after 15 years? In publishing times that's not much, books published in 2008 would have to pay that to avoid being copied and distributed freely.
Supply demand pricing has to be part of this equation
I work IT for an institution that is currently kicking off a campaign to transform the business model of higher education. We're currently one of the more expensive private liberal arts schools in Michigan, and we want to pivot to fully funded tuition for all students. We have been talking a lot lately, just like OP, about how this cost trajectory in Higher Ed is unsustainable. We want to instead build a cycle of generosity.

1. https://hope.edu/forward

2. https://www.pushkin.fm/podcasts/revisionist-history/a-good-c...

3. https://youtu.be/A-c3h6J8ZKk

4. https://youtu.be/VssQtdXWqSs
This seems good in theory but hard in reality. The modern economy is built on debt being used for new investments. The problem is high interest rates, not interest rates in general.
Quantum mechanics tells us that, in order to predict the outcome of a measurement, we have to compute a specific probability based on the amplitude of the wavefunction.

We can explain this probability as some kind of collapse, or we can explain it as some measure of the number of observers making the measurement in parallel "worlds". Neither is inherently closer to the math.
Same but Astro on Vercel's free tier. If my traffic suddenly spikes 1000000x, my site might go down temporarily. That's ok.

Paying $400/year to get some static html based on markdown for a personal website seems insane to me.
And yet, college is still worth it. While many folks like to point out the Baumol effect aka cost disease, it's also important to remember that college is overwhelmingly worth it, and the government ought to subsidize college educations. There's no better investment the government can make than subsidize more people to go to college. (Well, perhaps except for funding the IRS, but that's more of a zero-sum game.)

See: https://www2.ed.gov/policy/highered/reg/hearulemaking/2011/c...

Lifetime net earnings increase for progressively higher levels of education, resulting in overall GDP growth and a wealthier society better able to pay for public goods and the social welfare of all. The vast majority of college students who attend a 2 or 4 year in-state program will net a significant increase in lifetime earnings and the amount they pay for that degree, even assuming they maximized their federal loans, will be dwarfed by their lifetime earnings increase.

Even for those folks getting masters degrees to the tune of hundreds of thousands of dollars, the Department of Education finds that the lifetime net earnings increase by nearly $1.5 million over a high school education, and yes, actually, around $300k over a Bachelor's degree.
I have been in such a position in a Tech Mid-Cap (400 million MAU, 11B market value) and it was personally the best job that I had in my life in terms of cushiness and low pressure; but retrospectively it has almost thrown me into the oblivion of technical obsolescence.

Fast forward, most of the days were 1 hour and half meetings to decide things like where we would spend company money in the next team event or how we would consume the credits from GCP in endless PoCs, and I came to a point where I started to do pro bono work just to keep my skills up to date.

My manager at that time wasn't technical at all, and he barely understood what we were doing. In more than 4 months of work, we had less than 2 hours of 1:1 conversations; and he was one of the most active people on the RSU channel to get clarifications about taxes and so on.

After 4 months I saw that I was lacking some 'real work' and moved to another position in a less capitalized company, but with some technical problems to solve.

The sad thing about it is that several folks that worked with me are now trapped in this company and inwards they know that if they go to the market it will be tough to find something so good on the personal level.
This says that the average private highschool tuition is $15,645.
In 2003, the average private highschool tuition was $8,412 (Snyder, Dillow, & Hoffman, 2008), or $14,079 (in today's dollars).

Please correct me if I've made some mistake, but plugging those numbers in shows that the annualized real increase in price is 0.5% per year over 20 years. Looks like doing the same thing for public 4 year college over the same timespan results in an annual real increase in 2.1%
I do not understand how, as Solaris was open previous to Oracle's acquisition.

Red Hat does not maintain all of the code in RHEL - they repackage and patch everything taken from other developers. Very few packages are authored solely by them.

I don't know what relationship Oracle has with the current owner of the UNIX System V source (appears to be The Open Group), but Oracle is responsible for vastly more of the kernel and userspace in Solaris than RHEL.
> Why is it the governments fault that Universities are now behaving like scammers and charging more for less and leaving the 'customer' stuck.

Because the government is not doing its due diligence as a lender, because current voters and government employees have no problem soaking future taxpayers. And crippling uninformed 18 year olds’ futures.
College and school end this time of year. I’m sure there’s a large amount of students that were using chatgpt to help with college and no longer need it for the summer.
That's fine, just don't share it. If you don't intend to use it commercially you do not deserve commercial protections.
This is unironically why emulation is a necessary and moral good. We need to preserve these pieces of software so that future generations can enjoy them, if they wish.
For everyone who has only ever seen a Python, plus a language or two that Python has shared a common ancestor with, Python is self-evidently the platonic ideal of an easy language.

Though I had exposure to Python before various lisps, I see most lisps as simpler to learn than Python. But I also see the Python ecosystem as easier to StackOverflow your way to something that does the task at hand. But this is just, like, my opinion.

I've also taught and watched teaching of roughly the same data science curriculum to total novice Python programmers and total novice R programmers (R being very lispy). The R classes pretty much universally run laps around the Python classes. Again, just anecdata, because the Python classes tended to be attended by hard sciences people (e.g. physics) while the R classes tended to be attended by social scientists. From that experience, I have a hypothesis that either 1) R is easier for beginners than Python, 2) the R ecosystem is better for quantitative research science, or 3) social scientists are smarter than physicists.
> awful

I think most people agree that such an ancient kernel is awful and can understand the comical take of that title.
No where have I claimed their project is bad.

> So you just come and drop a huge PR that you haven't tested

I actually wrote a response to this in this thread, but the parent comment was deleted.

tl;dr I had actually compared it to match kernel, for the original Google Pixel, and fixed it like matching so it was actually quite likely to work.
It's maddeningly frustrating to see such short-sighted greed dragging down the class of people meant to lead the future.
The software/firmware/hardware stack is layered. Here's what has worked for me, for several FPGA-based instrumentation applications.

* Integration level: this is typically Yocto or Buildroot. It's architected to want its own repository, and should diverge from "upstream" repositories as little as possible (except for, basically, whatever configuration files tailor the build to your application.)

* Hardware design (PCB tools): Altium, at least, comes with its own Git integration and wants to control the entire repository. I have kept PCB designs separate from other SCM tooling and haven't found it to be too problematic. I think KiCAD is the only tool where I'd even consider combining the schematic/PCB with other stuff, since it uses a text-oriented storage format and doesn't try to micro-manage the SCM flow.

* Firmware (software and RTL) that's closest to the hardware/software design boundary: I really do want these to live in the same repository, so that it's easy to make changes that span the hardware/software divide. I would also argue that corresponding detailed design documentation lives here, too, since it incentivises documents to be maintained like source code, rather than as a grudging afterthought. Only source code is checked in (no build artifacts, no binaries - these would be a constant source of merge conflicts otherwise.)

* User-facing interface code: for me, this is a Python API and access to pre-built firmware releases. These live in a single git repository for user convenience. Firmware images are kept using git-lfs (and are --excluded by default .lfsconfig to keep new clones reasonable.) This has worked very well.
Surely the problem will go away if President Biden simply uses US taxpayer money to pay off student’s loans. That’s the smartest course of action, not blatant pandering to young voters that will only perpetuate the underlying problems.
Should name it poor man’s Apple Vision
First $1,000 (and first $100, since it was a $1k contract): I made multiple semi-popular icon sets for KDE over 1999-2000, posting them all as FOSS-licensed artwork on kde-look.org. About a year into that I got an email from a random small startup, praising my work and offering me a fixed rate contract to do a novel icon set for their product, a GUI-ified backup client for Linux desktops.

Amazingly, they persisted even after learning that I was 14 at the time. My poor parents had zero idea what it was their kid did on his computer all the time; I imagine the conversation where I passed the phone to my mom to talk to their CTO was probably one of the more surreal things ever to happen — to either of them!
Part of this is probably because real inflation has been undercounted.
Employers benefit from less burnout, this is important as the population of workers continues to shrink.
Ahh, so the real target for such an email is management rather than the rank and file? That makes more sense. But surely, it would be better to send email just to those people and put the data up on the company intranet for those devs who are curious.
A suitably high quality digital copy can be used to create your own hardcopy.
Once the lobbyists descend on Mass to ensure a precedent or momentum is not started, anything passed may have loopholes such as for government or allowing the collection and sale from other states or offshore. I implemented countermeasures years ago and will stick with them. Hope is not a good strategy, but I support the efforts.
> Based on the limited research I've done over the last few minutes, the main drivers appear to be:

All your drivers cannot cause a price increase if an 18 to 25 year old cannot get unlimited funding from a lender to make a stupid decision.
> But in general, you'd think the student loans would only be in trouble if there's a large increase in the unemployment rate.

I thought the government guarantees these loans, but maybe I mis-read that, mis-understood, or something changed. I think the borrower is still on the hook and accrues fees if they don't pay but I also thought the federal government literally paid to keep the bank whole.
So where can I, as an individual looking to do research, purchase a data set like this? What about my company wanting to to targeted outbound sales, are we able to purchase a data set like this?

I see the headlines. I understand there are companies that offer this as a service to LEO. I believe the data would need to be de-anonymized to be useful.

Who or where can I source data like this from?
Unfortunately RSS has been disabled on the main instance. It had been available before, but presumably given the rate limiting has been disabled.
s/uppercases words/titlecases phrases/

That is, it takes text in some aRbiTRArY casing and AppLIEs pAttErNs to crEatE stanDArD TiTle casE preSenTation.

Above line run through the script:

That is, It Takes Text In Some Arbitrary Casing and Applies Patterns to Create Standard Title Case Presentation

(It's not perfect, but works remarkably well. Occasional hand-tweaks are required, and in bulk operations the results are usually appropriate.)
Much of the money is going to construction or capital improvements, i.e. shiny new buildings.

Now look at the board of trustees of your local University, and play spot the construction firms...
$100: reselling items in an online game called Project Entropia

$1000: freelancing on Elance
This is a shame to read, I've thought of learning Nix for basic devops tasks and avoid tools like Ansible. Is this critique true for Nix in general or just NixOS?