skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I was a bit surprised that the Android way is not how it works everywhere. I had assumed that the time validation of a TLS certificate chain C0 -> C1 -> C2 ... -> Cn went something like this (in pseudocode):

1 time_check = now()
2 for cert in Cn to C0
3 if time_check < cert.valid_from || time_check > cert.valid_to
4 return EXPIRED
5 time_check = cert.issue_time
6 return NOT_EXPIRED

but a bit of Googling shows tells me that it works like that pseudocode with line #5 omitted so that all the time checks are against the current time. All certificates in the chain must be valid now.

With code signing certificates it does work the way I assumed TLS work. Timestamped code signed with an expired root certificate is still valid as long as the root certificate was valid at the time of the timestamp.
Agreed. In my last company we had everything running in Kubernetes, despite having less than 300 active users. It did have some benefits, but scaling wasn't one that we needed and did cost lot of developer time. Debugging is painful.
There are tools in the upper right corner. You can pick one and use it on a beetle. ;) This introduces various faults in the simulation that the database has to recover from.

Minor spoiler: there's another tiny game hidden at the end of the third level.
To me, you're describing the differences between a cook and a chef. Just because you've built something with well known methods doesn't make you a scientist. You didn't come up with anything new. In fact, we're starting to sound a lot like Apple. Apple is (in)famous for taking ideas that someone else did all of the hard work of developing and proving to work, and then take various ideas like that to combine into an actual useful working something. (They also do a lot of pure deep research as well, so don't think I'm going too far with the analogy.)
>Anything you could unit test without mock objects

You can unit test without mock objects because you're following functional patterns.
I don't understand what is your point.

With single TZ:
- I need to learn when people at different location work.

With multiple, perfect TZs:
- I still need to learn when people at different location work, and additionally I need to translate (or add TZ to) every clock time when communicating with those people.

Learning when people work is similar amount of work in both cases. You always have to keep at least time offsets for every city or even office. If you have multiple TZs you need to keep them and their offsets in your head.
> Well, why it shouldn't?

Yeah, maybe it should. I don't know how exactly that's typically implemented, hence the question mark.

> Don't forget, while the RAM can be prepared (zeroed) fast, the on-disk swap can't be prepared that fast (compared to RAM ofc), and you already under some memory and disk constraints (that's how you got to be using the swap in the first place) so adding another workload for cleaning up the swap is... not a good thing.

I doubt any of that would typically involve the OS specifically zeroing anything apart from just marking the corresponding parts of the swap space as free. And that's probably in the in-memory data structures keeping track of pages in swap. No need to zero any of the page contents, just mark those areas of swap as unallocated.

An OS might want to keep the pages around for the sake of having thrm still around but unless otherwise shown, I kind of doubt there's a great cost to the deallocation itself.

> If you have a small swap then you would be pressured to evict the data from it more often.

I get that if indeed the OS keeps pages available (and in the books) in swap after swapping them back into RAM, having a larger swap can reduce writes in case those same pages end up getting swapped back out again before they've been modified. It may be that's how it works.

I'm not sure I follow the logic if that's not the case. I don't understand why the OS would "evict" pages from swap just because swap is getting full -- there's nowhere to evict them to except RAM.

If you've got thing A currently in swap and you're needing to "evict" it to make space in the swap for thing B, that means you're wanting to get rid of B in RAM. That means you're already needing more space in RAM for some third thing C, so why would you solve that by swapping pages of thing A from swap into RAM?

My understanding is that swapping pages back in would be initiated by needing those pages back in RAM, so that's not really a case of eviction.

Anyway, since it doesn't seem like either of us knows for an actual fact how it works in any particular OS, I doubt speculation will lead to anything better.

I believe what you've seen as a phenomenon, I'm just not sure the explanation of that phenomenon makes quite enough sense to me.

> See above, no such thing as TRIM on an encrypted storage device.

TRIM may have security implications for encrypted drives, e.g. in terms of plausible deniability for forensics, that's true, and I didn't think of that. Though I'm not sure if that's what you meant.
And the tweeter of the twitter thread paid the $1000, copied the useful info to twitter, and then did a credit card chargeback.
that’s a good perspective!
TerminusDB founder here. TerminusDB is now at the absolute outer edge of compact data representation. Neo4j is literally 10 times more space for the same data meaning that you'll need 10 times as much memory for a big graph. Succinct datatypes will have their day yet.
Yeah to an extent, I admit that last statement was a little bit of a barb although I felt the topic of dividends was implied by the part about stocks etc.
Science is knowing how the model scales when you throw this much processing power at it. They won't even tell us how much processing power that is.
Talking about a ‘schism’ [in AI safety/ethics] is ahistorical
Software is moving to the web or are essentially executables running a web browser (Electron) which is taking the hardware out of the equation - so people just want the lightest device with the biggest battery life. M-series Macs are in a category of their own in this regard. The battery lasts so long that people forget to bring their chargers along.

And unless you're doing some _really_ heavy stuff, they're perfectly fine for software development too. I have personally run Unity + Rider + Dockerised backend & local database on an M-series for years with zero performance issues.
I’d even add that LLMs not only give nothing back to content creators it’s also taking from them. Thieves had to do actual work to steal ideas from people in the past so the barrier to entry was high. Now I can have an LLM plagiarize people and run it through a synonym tool and publish it without doing much of anything.
They should take them apart instead. I reckon they would be a good source of motors, sensors and various mechanical parts.
The traveling salesman problem: low-dimensionality implies a polynomial.. (2012)
I'm not the one who suggested the book. I just pulled out a descriptive blurb as an alternative to saying something about TFA like "Eww. Undress is an awfully polite way to say rips her skin off." And/or reference Silence of the Lambs.

I found it fairly disturbing, what with being female and sympathizing with the female spider, not the male. On the other hand, I don't molt, so I decided to not go there. But that was my first thought.
Japanese culture seems to emphasize the experience of "doing" a lot more than the west. This attitude surely stems from Zen Buddhist ideas.

For example, in the west, there is a commonly shared fantasy that automating away work will lead to happiness, having the robots doing it all is Nirvana; However, e all know deep down inside we'd still need something to do, we'd have to create some purpose or some object for ourselves. I bet most people would be outside growing food and playing in the garden with their kids if they didn't have to work. Many people in Japan actually do this, there is a LOT of small scale farming in Japan, they do not really share the same farming practices we do in the west. Step out side Tokyo and this is immediately obvious, almost everyone is growing something. It's much more small scale and often has more human involvement. I think Japan is culturally more suited to accepting the fact that life can be toil and toil is good, it is what there is.

I'm definitely not trying to say Japan is better, or all Japanese people are like this, just there is cultural roots which make some of these practices more suited to life in Japan than it would in other cultures.
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Am I building something useless?
Hoping compilers will get their C++20 modules implementation working well enough that we'll get C++23 standard library modules soon.
As an outside observer, it seems like progress is happening in spurts, but it feels kinda slow.
“What if running part of the paperclip maximiser that destroys humankind was profitable?” is both a bit of a nightmare sci-fi dystopia, and a reasonable description of companies in the modern economy.
it's true. The year MAC has the best new reliable, and fast chip, PC has AMD with broken, burnt CPU / motherboard, Intel has a chip so hot to cool down.
It would be a simple regulatory change that would (maybe ?) substantially mitigate the harm leveraged buy outs cause the economy and society.
Its a completely unproductive answer. Why do you assume a non-profit set up for a cause will predominantly exist to pay it's directors bonuses?

Lets deconstruct the three options on the table:

1) for-profit private -> exists to make money to their shareholders

2) government -> exists to (on paper) provide services to the people, but has a plethora of other reasons of existence (provide jobs for people, provide ego boosts for politicians working in the system)

3) non-profit private -> exists to provide a legal structure around an agreed cause

It is certainly possible someone establishes a non-profit to pocket the money for themselves, but it is a very clear violation of the purpose of the whole structure. In the other two, it is completely acceptable to bounce out of the cause of providing a service to the people, as there are other "goals" for the underlying system.

Whining about directors paying themselves bonuses a low-IQ bait to start flame wars.
Sure… But I like to think of it as “included” with the high price of a Mac.
This is so confused, it's not even funny.

Yes, we know 3D sound has existed before. Eno knows it. Dolby knows it.

This is not your grandfather's stereo, nor his binaural recording, not even surround.

It's also not about the concept of 3D sound being a new invention.

This is a specific implementation, with specific features. It's not some guys in the studio running two tape recorders. It is also a new supported format available for different setups and uses, including features not existing before.

Nor does Eno says anywhere this is the first case 3D sound. He speaks in general about 3D sound and spatial audio, and has his albums out remastered for Atmos and Spatial Audio.

I guess you just wanted to put him down, because you saw a word you recognized, so it must be the exact thing you already knew.

"This guy says he's excited about this new bunch of cars coming out? My granpa had a Model-T back in 1920! And people think this Tesla is some innovation, as if we didn't have cars before. You just need an axle, some wheels, and an a combustion engine, DUH!"
> Agreed, and also I think most people interested in reading about sports have not been going to the NYT for that particularly because they only use it as a backdrop for their stories, which are primarily about some other topic.

Are there better outlets for New York sports fans to read? I'm not from there, but I've gotten the impression that the New York Post might be better than the New York Times.
It's an interesting idea, but it needs some refinement.

> either need to open-source everything

That'd be problematic, as in many cases the vendor doesn't even have the full source code (think: all of the embedded chips that run their own RTOS), let alone the legal right of relicensing it. Another thing is build reproducibility, the ability to actually flash/install the code, etc. It would be desirable to have all that, but it's far from simple.

> allow everyone who ever bought one to return it for a full refund.

Regardless of the actual physical condition of the item? I would say something like a trade-in program, where you get a % of the original value depending on overall condition. But then it gets tricky as it's difficult to write into law, what "good condition" does actually mean. What if the device has two screens, but only one is broken? What about components that tend to wear out or break during normal use (batteries, straps, hinges)?

But having that process in place could also actually help us recycle more stuff.

Also, consider the smaller companies, that don't have the resources to effectively give you a 10-year warranty on their product. That'd just get the bigger corps even more entrenched (while they figure out the "legitimate interest cookie" equivalent of still screwing you over).
a Haskell program is the same as a Python program

Beware of the Turing tar-pit
in which everything is possible
but nothing of interest is easy.
-- Perlis:54

https://web.archive.org/web/20120806032011/http://pu.inf.uni...

Haskell is syntactic sugar on top of the Von Neumann architecture (likewise Python, Rust, COBOL, Smalltalk, etc.)

The Von Neumann architecture is inherently stateful. Anything with volatile memory is.

Functional programming is an idiom, not a technology. To the degree functional programming is a technology, it is one for analog computers.

Good luck. My time has been wasted trying to be clever.
You can write a confusing unreadable Haskell script, just like you can write a confusing unreadable Python script. There’s nothing magic about functional paradigm programming.

It does, IMO, give you less foot guns related to state though. While I still actually like other paradigms, functional programming really limits how clever you can be with state. You can only pass things around immutability via parameters (At least with Haskell specifically) instead of making a confusing taxonomy of objects with unique APIs, for example.
I'm just getting "Failed to fetch" when I submit anything. It's working for other people?
If anyone has a copyright claim to an LLM, the creators of the input data have more of a copyright claim than the company that trained it. There's a good chance they are not copyrightable at all. I'd bet there's a lot of people willing to take on that risk.

However, they might still fall under trade secret law.
> We are a mostly flat country

Eh? The US is the opposite of "mostly flat". And large swaths of the mostly flat part have low population density. The country is also very regional with considerable local diversity in what is produced and available locally.

The US produces a lot of very local artisanal products throughout the country that don't travel very far that are based on local tradition and history. That's been true everywhere I've lived in the US.
And it used to be open, until Oracle started closing their tickets for paid support with essentially cut-and-paste of access.redhat.com. That's why you can't have nice things.
Curious what businesses you sell to / makes this b2b? On surface this business looks b2c (selling to parents)
The memory bandwidth of their new chips is a big deal for AI work.
For blockchains using proof-of-work you need two things:

1) The work has to be very hard to do (and quantifiably so), but very easy to verify.

2) The block's transactions have to be an input to the computation, and it has to be impossible to get the same output with a modified set of transactions.

Cryptographic hash functions fulfill both of these requirements. Almost nothing else does.

However, if blockchains switch to proof-of-stake, then the GPUs previously dedicated to that blockchain are available for other purposes. But the biggest GPU-based blockchain already did that, and Bitcoin uses specialized hardware that can't do anything other than Bitcoin's hash function.
Solar energy solves global warming
Unsubstantiated claims from a single ex-employee. If the claims had merit he should have taken his evidence to the German government instead of a blog rant.
You're right, rocket engineering is not as simple as some people would have it sound.

I think the SpaceX organization has proven to be prudent risk takers. They have had many spectacular failures, but they have been good at communicating the risks ahead of time.
My old iPhone X that’s now a video player for my kids is 7 years old and receives updates as usual. It did not cost $10k.
They already are, hence everyone moving to ED25519 (which uses less CPU for the equivalent key strength) instead of RSA.
It is not the scientific method at all. You didn't even include an analyze or a publish step, two critical components to the scientific method. The point is that science is a thoughtful, methodical, recorded, repeatable process that is scrutinized by not just your friends but by the entire world, including those who compete against you. In science, it's normal for your competitor to recreate your experiment exactly to see if you did it as well as you claim. Or to push it further.

What OpenAI is doing doesn't even resemble science at all.
A "loss" here is just a politicized framing of the fact that government pays Amtrak to do something of use to society.

You might as well say that the US military makes a $1 trillion loss per year. No, they supply something which is required by the govt and which has a cost.
> I could fill Volumes with Descriptions of Temples and Palaces, Paintings, Sculptures, Tapestry, Porcelaine, &c. &c. &c.—if I could have time. But I could not do this without neglecting my duty.—The Science of Government it is my Duty to study, more than all other Sciences: the Art of Legislation and Administration and Negotiation, ought to take Place, indeed to exclude in a manner all other Arts.—I must study Politicks and War that my sons may have liberty to study Mathematicks and Philosophy. My sons ought to study Mathematicks and Philosophy, Geography, natural History, Naval Architecture, navigation, Commerce and Agriculture, in order to give their Children a right to study Painting, Poetry, Musick, Architecture, Statuary, Tapestry and Porcelaine

John Adams to Abigail Adams, May 1780

https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/04-03-02-0258
I recently learned about electrical utilities in the US - the only way they really make profit is through building new infrastructure (power prices are set by a control board). There’s zero motivation for them to do maintenance, which is how we wound up with some of the devastating California wildfires a year or two ago.

When something is of public importance, like a utility, it really seems that running it as a public service instead of a private company seems like the right call
Writing what could be a loop in functional style instead allows you to say what you want done without saying how to do it. The results is faster to write, easier to read, and leaves the compiler free to find a good way to do it (e.g. maybe in parallel).
If public open is the default (I'm going to give benefit of the doubt and assume it is not) then that is very bad design and would make me question if I trust the devs much at all.

But yes, never set media hosting to open upload unless you want to become an image host for content people can't host elsewhere (or just for images used in spam campaigns).
They can consider it all they want, that won't change the outcome. It is inevitable.
> Typically, to be permitted into the activity area you have to sign this document stating that you acknowledge the risks, and knowingly waive (discard) your right to sue the operator if you hurt yourself.

Sometimes without being given the opportunity to read the document, too! I've literally had these waivers put on computer screens with timers on them that would time out before you could read it, assuming a reasonable reading speed.

I really wish someone could standardize such a document, like how the GPL is. "Oh, the Public Death Waiver v2? I'm quite familiar with that." easy signature Of course, this will never happen, as what would put bread on lawyers' barren tables, otherwise?
> The google memo was right about the lack of a moat.

5 months on, and nobody has yet beaten their result quality. I think there is a moat.

Also, I think for many usecases, smarter is better. If a few cents can buy a more accurate answer, then it is always worth paying those few cents. So, while more hardware and more data can train a bigger better model, then that is the moat.
> The California Department of Toxic Substances Control’s website says that while rage rooms themselves aren’t illegal, smashing up “e-waste” including printers is. It will investigate any rage rooms that smash e-waste and offer a button for visitors to report new rage rooms in their area as an environmental concern.

That's funny, California! I'd be curious to see what exactly is illegal about smashing trash, in particular e-waste. Presumably there is something toxic, but I'm skeptical. at the very least the toxic parts could be subtracted from the smash, but that depends on California's perception of toxic. We all know California has a very progressive view of what is toxic, so I'd assume that's an expansive topic.

Ultimately I would argue this conduct is covered by freedom of speech, but that depends. IF the event is documented with photography, video, or even has any kind of spectator audience... then it's clearly a form of exhibition, and speech.

But even actors performing probably have to obey OSHA regulations, and so it goes...

This is ridiculous.
The difference, while moving in "interdependent" directions, is in the purpose: obtaining some sufficient information on how things work versus an actual consideration of the nature of things.

It is not really (fully the same process), because you could (in theory) "early stop" when you have achieved technically sufficient competence - the description of the optimal process -, before the jump to the understanding. Something works - that is the technical side; why it works is the scientific side.

Note that the approach has controversial sides: if you took Newton's "hypoteses non fingo", He refused that jump explicitly:

> hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, or based on occult qualities, or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy

I.e.: Newton proposed an «experimental philosophy» which stopped short of a "true understanding of the reasons behind phenomena", in order to avoid contexts in which solidity (at his time) could not be expected. "Understanding" as "identifying universal laws" was the best that seemed affordable.
Can't you just copy what the Dockerfile is doing bud? Plenty of home server enthusiasts love docker for the simplicity it brings to handling a bunch of software. Not trying to knock you, just wondering where the complexity is coming from for you.
Mutable State is to Software as Moving Parts are to Hardware :-)

https://kristiandupont.medium.com/mutable-state-is-to-softwa...

I find personally that there are some areas where FP shines -- anything that is or could be a CLI that takes some input and returns some other output is well suited. A GUI program is the manipulation of state, and it is poorly suited, though many sub parts might not be.
Many, but notwithstanding crops, they will be identified as such in the package ingredients. Anecdotally, I still see bog standard sunflower oil more often than the high-oleic variant.