skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Something that I always found fascinating is how DNA is a base 4 information format. There's this thing called radix economy, which is basically an expression of how efficient a number system is. Base e is the theoretical maximum, and so base 3 is the closest integer.

Obviously if you have a special use case, then that may dominate your radix economy (like hex, b64, etc...), but for general purpose information purposes, the order base 3, base 4, then base 2.

This present a lot of interesting questions to me. Like, why didn't DNA end up as base 3? (probably because 4 naturally lends itself to pairs of 2).

Also, this idea of radix economy goes beyond just the encoding of information and is represented in logical economy as well. So for example, ternary logic is (much) more efficient than binary logic. Having that 3rd state just makes problem solving much more elegant.

To that end, I have always wondered how nature has exploited this 4-state number system logically. Like, are there all sorts of exotic logic gates that come from a 4 state system?
Unfortunately this has already been happening for a decade or more since the NATO "intervention" in Libya and it has little to do with climate change.
Previous discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36424090
Maybe this is the scream test…just done badly
I wonder if *she fabricated the data or if desperate graduate students did. In which case the ethical considerations are perhaps(?) slightly different and may be worth writing a paper about, with survey data of course, only slightly modified to support the field’s party line.
It's already been happening. It will just keep growing.
Not sure why the downvotes here, a database service misusing semantic version is itself a red flag in my opinion. If major releases don't indicate a breaking change I'm not as confident in what might be part of a minor or patch release.
Hi everyone (including those that will see this later)

My name is Solomon Eseme and I'm the author of the "Docker: The Definitive Guide in 2023"

First, I want to personally thank you "Idoubtit" for reading through the piece and sharing your personal review.

I will only try to share my views here and hope it helps clarify things a little.

Firstly, the intention of target audience of the book is for beginners to Docker and as your progress in the chapters, you can see some other concepts that intermediate can benefit from.

Secondly, I also understand that the book is long and a lengthy book sometimes could contain unwanted parts or noise but this is because of my style of writing. I want to tell a story when I'm writing a "Definitive Guide". I don't want it to be like an "How to" guide or "Overview of" kind of article.

Thirdly, when you say "copying from Docker commercial" that's not entirely true because you could see that I give proper credit to every source and I didn't go in-depth into some topics because at that stage in the reader's mind, It will be confusing since the target is beginners there's no need talking about Docker Swarm or Networks at that point.

Next, the comparison part is simple and straightforward, my intention wasn't to show comparison but to inform the reader that there are other containerization implementation out there and these are their market share. Coming from the point where I said that Docker is the most popular, the Market share diagram helps compliment that.

Of course, I understand that the article can be improved, It could be made better and also, I could be better in writing and passing points across.

I also, I understand that the title "Docker: The Definitive Guide in 2023" could be misleading. But if you look at the chapter 4. I indicated that there is an Advanced Copy of this book.

I even said "Let me know in the comments section. I will share it with you."

I'm currently working on the Advanced part that will include everything I have listed in the chapter 4.

I hope this helps clarify somethings. I'm still learning, I'm still improving and I really appreciate you for giving these feedbacks.

https://twitter.com/kaperskyguru
Digital Sundial by Mojoptix – Thingiverse
Its amusing, early XKL documentation called it "router style user interface" so while it might have been PDP-10 under the surface, it looked like a Cisco Router from the get go, which makes sense considering the market intended for.
Being EasyJet not so Easy.
My bad. Ubuntu 18.04 too old. Flatpak-kicad works splendidly!
> You'd be surprised to see how much old industrial machinery is still being used around the world, even in other developed countries. Machines like these are a huge investment, so as long as they are still working flawlessly (and I imagine that the Japanese take maintenance seriously, so the machines will be working flawlessly), it's hard to justify replacing them.

Case in point: when Russia started it's invasion of Ukraine, one of the first things they did was to pillage the industrial areas of the regions they controlled to take away industrial equipment, including farm vehicles.
AWS Lightsail now offers 2 vCPUs for $3.50→$10 USD/mo plans
This is a recent change not yet reflected on their pricing page: https://aws.amazon.com/lightsail/pricing/

Lightsail web console has the most up-to-date information.

We have upgraded our instances for the nice little bump!

1. create new instance
2. rsync old to new
3. apply firewall rules
4. swap IPs
5. confirm all services running/reachable
6. delete old instance

If you prefer to stick with Amazon Linux, please beware Amazon Linux 2023 does not have EPEL; see https://docs.aws.amazon.com/linux/al2023/ug/compare-with-al2...
Then you have to deal with scaling, responsiveness, data decimation, etc. It's not really a good idea to just have a multi thousand point line chat rendered real tiny
Why have a cookie dialog if my only option is to "accept"? Not much of a dialog there.
Fixed Spelling Errors or Typos
Having talked to a few Greek people, it's seems that Greece is European only by their pure presence in the EU. Their police/military human-rights culture (or lack there of) seems at par with Tunisia, or maybe even worse.

I think most people have assumptions about EU countries where they just classify any EU country as the Netherlands. The article shows that this is not a case of a rogue coast-guard but that the whole system in Greece is rotten from the inside-out.
Where did I say that? The top-of-thread claim was that

> This article frames the problem as if the value proposition of the science and the satellites is remotely similar. This couldn’t be farther from the truth. Satellite telecommunication is greatly improving life on earth. Astrophysics, not so much.

I was just trying to find out what astrophysics has contributed to life on earth lately (50 years seems like a generous window) because I’m inclined to agree with the claim but would like to know if I’m wrong.
Instagram Threads hits 100M users, becoming the fastest growing app
The Ivy leagues cannot catch a break.

I imagine this stuff happens at state schools too, but yet another nail in the coffin of their reputation.

Sincerely, a person who went to a school you've never heard of, but makes a ton of money because I know 4 skills that synergize and scarce.
I don't see how.

Golang has first class support for bundling state and behavior: Receiver-Functions, often called methods. This means exactly 2 things; a) That for a type `Foo` I can do this:

f := Foo{}
f.funcThatUsesFoo()

instead of this:

f := Foo()
funcThatTakesFooAsFirstArgument(f)

and b) that Foo implements all interfaces whos method signatures it's receiver functions satisfy.

It doesn't mean that I now have to suddenly drown my code in over-architectured patterns just to satisfy some OOP sense of code-aesthetic. It doesn't mean that I have to try and hide state from code in the same module. It doesn't mean that I have to bundle things that could be free-standing functions into some type just because. It doesn't mean I have to make any of the mistakes OOP popularized over the years.
> Digital systems are widespread because they are widespread and dirt cheap

They also churn, and finding people who can (and will) work on legacy systems isn't easy either. Get rid of something that worked for 40 years because everyone uses this other thing (but will use something else 10 years from now that we can't predict) is dumb unless there is a very valid reason.
> It serves no critical purpose. Axe it.

Well, there goes pretty much everything interesting in college.
> Windows 95 introduced this bizarre abomination in which 32-bit console apps were supported, but their IO was routed via a DOS program called CONAGENT.EXE.

Windows 95 used the 16-bit COMMAND.COM as its default command-line shell, so doing it this way was probably necessary to make 32-bit console applications interoperate with the command shell (and support eg. piping and redirection between 16/32-bit executables).
This is a license agreement, so who are the parties coming to agreement?
Doesn't mean there are no PFAs in the bottled water.

https://www.consumerreports.org/health/bottled-water/pfas-in...
Let's take a moment to appreciate how the classic "bandwidth of station wagon filled with tapes" scales with tape technology. Too bad there aren't many station wagon choices nowadays but I guess any minivan would do in a cinch.
Mailgun: Public Security Disclosure
TLDR: Inbound email routes don't have SPF/DKIM/DMARC protection, meaning any inbound email sent to a webhook can be trivially spoofed / phished.

Mailgun describe inbound routes as:

"complex incoming messages are simplified and parsed into all of the data you need with Inbound Routes."

Mailgun refers to DKIM/SPF/DMARC with:

"Mailgun leads the charge in email authentication by requiring DKIM and SPF records by default before you can begin sending."

However, nowhere does it say that Mailgun does not provide SPF or DKIM validation checks on inbound emails. Confusingly, these headers appear only for a subset of inbound emails.

Attack scenario:

1) Pick any domain using mailgun for inbound email processing (trivially found via MX records).

2) Spoof an email from any address you want to impersonate (eg. security@mailgun.com).

If that address is handled via an inbound route to a webhook (eg. CRM system / other), then it will appear as from the spoofed sender without any DKIM/SPF flags. This makes phishing via Inbound Routes trivial.

Requested fix:

Include SPF (X-Mailgun-Spf), DKIM (X-Mailgun-Dkim-Check-Result), and Spam Assassin headers (eg. DMARC_QUAR / DMARC_REJECT / DMARC_NONE / DMARC_MISSING) headers for ALL inbound routes to a webhook. The application can then decide what to do.

Mailgun Response:

"Our security team has confirmed that our routes act as an open relay and that this is not considered a security vulnerability with Mailgun."

Nowhere in the Mailgun documentation / sales pages are inbound routes described like this, and in fact, they pretend to have protection as headers are sometimes present!

Note A: Using throwaway to not give information away for our own exposed systems.
Note B: The spoofed email must not trigger above a certain spam assassin threshold (this is fairly trivial to do and openly testable by any attacker), otherwise it might get blocked by higher level Mailgun spam handling.

[1] - https://www.mailgun.com/products/send/inbound-routing/
[2] - https://www.mailgun.com/blog/deliverability/implement-dmarc/#chapter-5
And the emphasis on modified source code.

If you use some AGPL-licensed software without modifications, there are no obligations to make anything available (unless you are also distributing).
Makes me wonder if / what changed in OOP land since then; from what I gathered it's pretty stagnant.
I grew up visiting family there (Queens has the largest Bangladeshi enclave in the country). I lived or worked in Manhattan for a year and a half, and my brother has lived there for more than ten years. The city gives me flashbacks to Dhaka.
Sounds like it’s mostly lisp. How mathematically correct and proven (in the math sense) is lisp?
This same experience is provided by every other brand via loyalty programs. The counter does not exist for loyalty (or known) members, it exists for all the other customers that come to the company via third party vendors (travel agency, third parties, etc). Most of those people do not have a license or credit card on file.
There are loads of valuable businesses inside 3M, it will continue operating no matter what, so probably not all employees will be affected by a bankruptcy. The responsible executives have probably already taken their profits and bailed. Focusing on that might feel good, but it's not what needs to happen.

What needs to happen is that shareholder value is eradicated. Pension funds, banks, hedge funds, retail investors, they should all lose their money. Every last cent of it. Only if shareholder value is eradicated will shareholders start demanding executives follow procedures that prevent disasters like this from happening.

Holding the executives responsible is fun, but we all know the next executive is gonna be ruthless and try and get away with it anyway.
At least it is a step in the right direction. Let's hope they will continue the journey and gradually improve it. "Just" aligning margins, paddings and font sizes should be a much easier task.
I also run visionect locally to power a couple of displays around the house. When I recently went to go buy a few more - it was clear that they require a subscription. I emailed them and they confirmed that they now require a subscription.

It’s a bummer because I don’t think there are as good quality displays to replace visionect with, but the subscription was far too much.
Same here, I got variations of the same exercise. Haven't lifted for nearly as long as you have, but in my limited experience the order I got was also sub optimal: started with ab exercises, ended with big compound lifts. It would be a good idea to order the exercises based on the amount/size/etc. of the muscle groups they use.
Not China here: not able to provide, and that stable on the long run, for the family? Well... roughly speaking, you can go to hell (where you are kind of already anyway).
Journalists Abandoned Julian Assange and Slit Their Own Throats
We could train our vacuums to utter snarky comments and eat popcorn while they watch these LLMs. Then we can go back to do something productive like gardening work.
Wow, if I were you, I would never think of analyzing the rustc source code. Great job!
The NATO intervention has nothing to do with this. The previous dictator created the threat to dissuade the EU from removing him. Now that he's out of the picture, the inevitable happened.

A good lesson is to stop propping dictators in exchange for short-term stability. Based on the current events, the EU did not learn that lesson.
And books and libraries existed under a system of patronage and royal imprimatur which severely restricted access, even beyond the expenses of copying a book by hand or physically printing a copy using metal type.

The problems with authors making texts available directly are:

- no gate-keeping, so it's hard to find what is worth reading and what isn't

- no proofreading --- it kills me that errors in books are so casually accepted these days

- few authors have the skills to draw illustrations so as to have a meaningful and clear presentation

I've worked with raw author manuscripts --- in most instances they're not something anyone would choose to read given any other option.
The fuzzy icons are because of how the image is scaled on the marketing site. If you load the image directly (https://www.thunderbird.net/media/img/thunderbird/whatsnew/1...) you'll see the icons in the UI are actually crisp.
The problem is I don't have an Instagram account.
I hope it is a start and something progressively more useful will be built on this. In addition to points you mentioned, I’d say my biggest item on the wish list is giving me the weight and reps progression over time. E.g. I put my age, weight, current RM and goals and get a schedule of major lifts and accessories that says do X for Y sets of Z reps with W weight this week and here is what you do next week etc.
pretty good. can user interactive charts be prepared in this way?
Sure but the same would be true if Instagram proper only had light mode and dark mode was a separate app.

In that case "New app gains 100M users in a week" would be a pretty biased way to phrase "10% of the userbase tries out new layout"
Engineering and sciences are super interesting. Heck, puppets sound sooo boring. Literature sounds incredibly boring. Theatre? So boring professors had to give extra credit so people would attend.

Meanwhile our robotics senior project had a huge portion of the school watching because we were shooting projectiles.

(but really my favorites were chemistry lab, and quantum chemistry(PChem2), maybe my programming classes too)
The only reason I haven't moved off Thunderbird for mac mail is because mac mail enforces a unified inbox.
The many "you're wrong if you believe that" made me remember the anecdote of Alan Kay attending some conference about OOP and saying that it was wrong, that he invented OOP and it was not like that.

IIRC, Kay's vision is that OOP is about messages.

I have my own pet theory, of course it must be wrong too, but if I may, only as food for thought: The core usefulness of OOP is usability. A language is a matter of connecting thoughts through a mental model. Subject, verb, predicate. Object, method, parameters. That's mostly it. The rest are implementation details and lots of bikeshedding.
Good software also looks good. Looking good can't make up for bad functionality. that's true. But good UX design is an important part of software.
Definitely MVVM. I'll die on that hill.
This isn't the only place using such equipment, and as long as there is a profit to be made someone will supply the parts. The only components that can't sit forever on a shelf as NOS are (off the top of my head) capacitors and production of those isn't going anywhere.

For non-electronic parts: that's why you have a machine shop.
Oh man, I can't think of a single reason why an article written today wouldn't have caused widespread rioting yet. Not One.

But in seriousness, these incidents do historically [1] go through the court system. Unfortunately Greece tends to just get in trouble for not following proper procedure since they turn off video and etc which prevents getting enough evidence for a larger crime.

Let me know when Russia agrees to payout any penalty for its invasion of Ukraine.

[1]: https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/41810/european-court-sl...
Given how [cough] successful the 386-specific version of OS/2 was, even after IBM put a load of money and marketing behind it...perhaps the real problem was not the 286's protected mode.
There are a number of theories and backstories[1], but most commonly it's understood that it once stood for New Technology.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT#Naming
Oh, then surely you can send him the $100 right quick to grab it? The hundo is no biggie, right?
I don't care particularly for either of them, but watching them fight could be entertaining!

It would be the physical embodiment of what their respective social networks has become: fighting arenas.
What's the motivation for them? Is it risk avoidance?
Does it still crash with lots of mail? I have mail filters and get like 500 mail a day. Always crashes. It gives me the option to wait or kill the app. I blame the mbox folders.
Thanks for sharing. That‘s exactly what I was looking for.
Snark aside, for this analogy to work you'd have to be able to leverage your "training data" at a much larger scale than a single person typically can. You would also need to be able to train at the same speed. Scale is the key factor here.
A reminder in this context: Facebook Chat used to be very open and operate with XMPP compatability, but stopped at some point: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9266769
That's a lie, a dangerous and hateful one. Which country promotes that, do you have any examples?
Welcome to the world of developers continuing to make design decisions based on their bubble.
How will they stay in business? Of course they would have to raise prices significantly, but people just wouldn’t order takeout anymore and would rather pick up themselves.

Other than the obvious authoritarianism, that would also harm the environment with people driving a lot more.
Sure, but you'll need JS for anything complex. You could use SVG+CSS to show/hide specific things like data values on mouseover but it would be a global on/off for the whole chart.
Might error-correction play a role? Having a lightly inefficient base 4 system might provide capacity for the surplus error correcting code information capacity?
>The thing that is never said about remote, is that a lot of employers work with employees that are neither very good nor motivated.

Nothing to do with remote. In-office companies are also filled with people who are not good nor motivated, but need to be there because they have to eat and pay rent/mortgage, and that job was their best option.

For most workers, remote or otherwise, unless they have significant skin in the game in terms of sizable equity, their job is just a paycheck and they'll optimize for doing as little work as possible, for the biggest paycheck possible.

Companies only push for in-office work to better surveil and micromanage workers, thinking in-office builds attachment to the work and workplace, not to motivate people more. You motivate people with money, equity, time off and interesting work.
And for folks who want to create such works, they are welcome to --- as noted else thread, I've put a fair bit of effort into permissively licensed texts --- but I haven't seen a workable method put forth, nor a rational justification for destroying the value of works recently created under the current system.

I still don't see how a person having copyright over the work which they have created and the ability to license it to their best profit is a harm.
The problem was that they only knew how to code.
> Two of the coastguard sources told the Guardian they believed towing was a likely reason for the boat capsizing. This would not be without precedent. In 2014, an attempt to tow a refugee boat off the coast of Farmakonisi cost 11 lives. Greek courts cleared the coastguard, but the European court of human rights passed a damning judgment in 2022.

One case in court - it happened before.
t. HN poster
Great to know. Whatever the correct acronym is doesn’t change the point. No visa required for long stay and work is what makes it attractive.
A Look Inside Ansel Adams’ Darkroom Magic
There are tens of similar projects on GitHub, most are Python-oriented and use OpenAI API.
A lot of journalists indeed did. Some might try to hide behind some press codex, but they ignored that as well. It really showed how much scoundrels work in that industry. At this points I can believe the others are exceptions.
Thanks for your feedback.

I'm Solomon Eseme, the author of the piece.

Seems like I need to improve more on my storytelling skills hahaha

The concept of "Definitive Guide" on my blog is not to write "How to" guides or general overview articles.

It's to use personal experience and storytelling to write articles that are personalized and interesting to read while tackling difficult concepts like Containerization and Docker.

I could understand for the length. But if it's interest and you're getting value, length won't really matter, will it?

I may have gone off point at some point but of course, I'm always learning and improving and your feedback has been helpful.

However, I don't think asking people to avoid the piece is a good idea. If you notice a few mistake based on your level of knowledge on Docker doesn't mean others do.

They need grassroot beginners content to get them started.
Define ‘better art’
Curious if that cage match they agreed to in June will come to fruition.