skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This requirement comes not from the copyright office, but straight from the 17 USC 108:

"(e) The rights of reproduction and distribution...made from the collection of a library or archives where the user makes his or her request or from that of another library or archives, if the library or archives has first determined, on the basis of a reasonable investigation, that a copy or phonorecord of the copyrighted work cannot be obtained at a fair price, if-

"(1) the copy or phonorecord becomes the property of the user, and the library or archives has had no notice that the copy or phonorecord would be used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research; and

"(2) the library or archives displays prominently, at the place where orders are accepted, and includes on its order form, a warning of copyright in accordance with requirements that the Register of Copyrights shall prescribe by regulation."

The author's issue is primarily with the inconsistency of the law itself.
Makeself archives are a classic self-extracting tarball who do exactly that...
> This theoretical cafe is monetizing the fact that people come and hang out and have discussions and order some coffee.

Therein lies the difference.

1. People come and hang out - can't effectively do this on Meta sites, though their VR push seems aimed at trying to fulfill this need. I would also put "read the newspaper" under this category.

2. Have discussions - for varying definitions of "discussion", this is where Facebook is heavily monetized.

3. Order some coffee - again, can't effectively do that on any Meta sites.

Given that parks exist without coffee shops, we can infer that 3 is what coffee shops are monetizing, while 1 and 2 act as an additional enticement.

The newspapers suffer because, even though YOU may only comment on the headlines, there are plenty of people who go to the coffee shop and don't think twice about buying the paper to read or do the crossword puzzle. The newspaper is able to monetize 1 and 2 and the coffeeshop monetizes 3 - everyone is equitable and happy. On Facebook, Facebook monetizes 2 and claims (without much proof) that they are providing 1 as a service to customers. No coffee is ever served - everyone but Meta is unhappy.
Not everything in my system is organized by me. In fact most of it isn't. I'm not going to reorganize all of the zip files or repositories I downloaded and extracted. I'm also not going to learn where the distro decided to put things that I might have to touch.
Modern JS is a passable language only after a tremendous amount of time and effort was invested to retrofit it as such. For all of the purported isomorphic benefits, I still don't know why anyone would choose to use it outside of being forced to in browsers
If you care less about space efficiency and more about maintainability of the script, you can also encode the binary as base64 and put an

echo '...base64 data...' | base64 -d > somefile

in your script.

Or add compression to reclaim at least some of the wasted space:

echo '...base64 gzipped data...' | base64 -d | gunzip > somefile

Also note that bash accepts line breaks in quoted strings and the base64 utility has an "ignore garbage" option that lets it skip over e.g. whitespace in its input. You can use those to break up the base64 over multiple lines:

echo '
...base64 gzipped data...
...more data...
...even more data...
' | base64 -di | gunzip > somefile
It seems like basic CYA text for the libraries?

> Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement.

Emphasis mine. Of course it is possible to commit some sort of copyright infringement using a document copied in a library. You are being reminded of the fact that you could use this service provided by the library to commit a some copyright violation, the fact that the library helped you doesn’t magically change the law.
https://www.mcnulty.blog/

Posts about the Web and the software that powers it. Light on content right now but will hopefully change that soon.
On the role of theory and modeling in neuroscience
The recent peer-reviewed version is here: https://www.jneurosci.org/content/43/7/1074 but unfortunately not open access, as far as I can tell.
It uses FEE (function entry/exit) tracing so it generates a full execution trace of all functions called during your run like “History” [1], the C/C++ tracing profiler it was based on.

You can then post-process that trivially to get low resolution aggregate information like normal statistical/sampling profilers generate.

[1] https://www.ghs.com/products/MULTI_IDE.html
It seems to me that there are a few caveats that may explain this.

The first is that the blurb covers _furnishing_ the archival/photocopy, not creating the copy itself. This is more akin to whether I can give a friend a copy of a book I purchased, as opposed to the act of photocopying it myself. That is to say, it is okay to provide a photocopied version of a copyrighted document, but only under certain usage circumstances as defined by fair use doctrine.

The other aspect may simply be laziness. Perhaps it could be read as:

> [institutions such as] libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction

Either way, I think "requires libraries to lie" is a bit sensationalist.
Anywhere else in the world, this is a bad idea for so many reasons.

But in Vegas? That's awesome!

I look forward to seeing it hacked during DEFCON :)
NYC’s anti-bias law for hiring algorithms goes into effect
https://derekr.net/notes

But still working on getting back into the habit. After burnout writing for someone else, it’s taken quite a while to want to write _anything_.
Who said anything about retrofit? This should have been done from the very beginning. I still can't believe they never tested a round trip without people to the depth they were going.
"I'm pretty jaded by this progress-at-any-cost posturing."

Some people, like me, are jaded by the suffocating safetyism that seems to have no upper limit in its appetite to introduce even more obstacles to everything in order to move the needle from 99,999 to 99,9999 per cent.

It is not just about industry; for example, the contemporary "helicopter parenting" standards are absolutely awful and I am glad that there is a "free range parenting" movement trying to counter them.

In my opinion, this pendulum needs to swing a little bit back if we want to solve the currently pressing issues. Life cannot be made riskless and Nothing Untoward Should Ever Happen isn't a viable innovation strategy.
What do you need axios for compared to fetch?
I realize the headline is designed to be attention-grabbing, but "lie" is pretty strong given the warning's actual text.

Could the warning be better phrased? Almost certainly—it's a four-sentence digest, designed for a lay audience, of an incredibly complicated area of law (copyright fair use). But the warning itself is completely accurate: There are conditions where reproducing a copyrighted work (which otherwise infringe's the owner's exclusive right of reproduction) is acceptable. And "one of these specified conditions" (quoting from the warning) is for scholarship. It's not the only such condition!

To me, this feels like the author is making a mountain out of a molehill.
Arab Spring, anyone?
Same study discussed before on HN: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30810626

Other similar threads:
Microplastics found in live human lung tissue - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30945430

Microwaved plastic containers release microplastics into food - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36532812
I use a bike to get around pretty much whenever I can but I'd be the first to admit cars are suitable for a far wider range of journey types, and it's not exactly surprising that in most countries in the world people prefer to drive cars over riding bikes. The best we can realistically hope for is ensuring that whatever barriers exist now that discourage people from cycling (safety concerns typically being #1) are addressed and minimised. Though certainly in the case of Germany you can compare it to two of its neighbours (to the west and north) and reasonably conclude more can be done to promote cycling as a way to get around in towns and cities.
I'll ask this here, because I'm curious, and it seems that you've read at least a little on this subject...

Is it known how much individual variation there is between different roundworm brains? If you grow two roundworms, even from the same DNA, does the resulting brain have all the same wiring, or is it different based on environmental factors?

I ask because I thought that brain growth involves a feedback loop, where individual experiences during maturation influence the actual physical structure of the brain to some degree.
My go to solution for that was reddit.com/r/somecommunity which was local enough to have posts about lost cats and dogs.

More than once local media near me has literally just published a story that was first posted as text to Reddit.
New genetic technology developed to halt malaria-spreading mosquitoes
> I am paywalled from the article [...]

Just a technical note: by HN guidelines, the submission URL must point to the original source but I also linked to a mirror that bypasses the paywall in a parallel comment:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36603895

(Perhaps I should've labeled it "paywall bypass" instead of just "mirror" but I can't edit that post anymore.)
The waste stream doesn’t contain that much more salt than seawater. Extracting salt from mines is much cheaper than extracting it from slightly brackish wastewater from water treatment plants.
The examples in Fast aren't breakthroughs, they're just big engineering projects. AlphaGo's design is quite simple, the estimate of decades was prior to the discovery of the unexpected power of deep neural networks.
While it has a bunch of FreeBSD code stuffed into it, it's not actually based on it.
It sounds to me like this wording is left over from previous copyright regimes/laws, where libraries were explicitly allowed to do things "against the law" for "private study, scholarship, or research" - all of which has been supplanted by fair use and Xerox.

(I'm thinking things like asking the librarian to hand-copy down pages from a book in the 1800s or similar.)
Reminds me of https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/pHfPvb4JMhGDr4B7n/recursive-...
If I don't consider an extension safe, I won't install it. I don't want some company to make choices for me.
> Right now, your mother/wife/girlfriend [in SF] is subject to being beaten in the street like a stray dog, for want of a cell phone.

Right now, your mother/wife/girlfriend is not being beaten.

Wouldn't you want to ensure they were not subjected to that threat by actually identifying addressing the root causes that lead to this?

That's the problem with these false appeals to morality. They actually have no relation with actual protection or morality. It sounds more like cheap ploys to persecute and punish others.
I don't really mind that "a tremendous amount of time and effort was invested" into JS.

It works great for me and my team and we are hugely productive using it. That why. It works and we deliver a lot of value.
An mp3 encoding of a wav file of a copyrighted song is still copyrighted, despite those exact bits never having existed before, and being created entirely by a computer.
People always mistake free to access with free of charge. Time to realize the difference.
You have either not read the article or didn’t understand it. The PSÜ has little to do with the actual condition of the reactors.
A human's working memory has never been that big. 5-7 items at a time. Less for those who are also dealing with other mental issues.
I'd be interested to see the kind of discourse that goes into EV charging standards, but applied to wall outlets, purely for entertainment mind you.

Really glad most if not all of these standards are electrically compatible, and can be cheaply adapted.
One would anticipate the people who've already owned snap together molecule sets for years have either already figured out a good way to make sure a bin of parts stays where it's put or accepted that it's their fate to order more of things sometimes.

Similar to teaching yourself to always put tools back in the toolbox immediately after use lest they go for a walk, really.

I mean, I do see your point about -you- not wanting to deal with a bin of parts, I'm not sure I would either - but for the people who've already encountered that problem and found a way to deal with it that works for them, it doesn't seem like it'd be an obstacle.
Is there an encoding that is less wasteful that base64 but not vulnerable to text editor corruption issues? I think avoiding 0x0 to 0x20 should be enough to not get corrupted by text editors, though base64 avoids a lot more than that.
Only if the discharge is not diluted sufficiently.

There is nothing about reverse osmosis that is fundamentally more toxic or harmful than the typical evaporation that takes place naturally in the ocean. And it’s pretty dishonest to claim otherwise. If there’s a problem with too high salinity of discharge, that’s an engineering problem that should be fixed with greater dilution.
Is a masters degree ok? Why or why not?
> Skill issue, I know,

Not a skill issue. Just the way our brains are biologically wired and people exploiting it for ad money.
https://williamhuster.com

Personal blog with a handful of tech-oriented posts and a gallery of some of my favorite photos. Haven't posted in a bit, but this thread is motivating. Made with Jekyll, hosted on GitHub pages, with Cloudflare in front. It's super lightweight. My goal is to keep the PageSpeed score at 100.

My personal favorite post is: "Explore JavaScript with Axis & Allies" https://williamhuster.com/explore-js-with-axis-and-allies/
https://indiscipline.github.io

Mild achievements and severe disappointments

Personal software projects (Nim, Rust, Lua), audio engineering, design, rare notes on technology.
Peak collapses may reshape Himalayas
The entire ride-sharing/delivery/logistics space was moving ridiculously fast during that time.

Remember those photos of thousands of multicolored bicycles abandoned in fields? Or the scooters being yeeted into the ocean, global riots from taxi drivers, the collapse of the taxi medallion market, regulatory debates in every city/state/country, billions of VC money raised in weeks (or days), the Darwinian M&A scene as companies were devoured in the jungle as quickly as they were founded...

...and, of course, the fact that you could finally push a button and make a bag of groceries appear. (Though the 3,600,000 millisecond latency still isn't great on that one.)
Internalise external information > solve problems in your head by moving pieces around > externalize solutions
I believe all of the people in this thread understand regexes extremely well. :-)

There is a lot of reasonable room to disagree about when and where regexes should be used.
“We don’t give years of R&D away for free” is a pretty flippant response. You make money selling car seats, and if another company can produce better seats at a lower price then consumers win and lives are saved. Which is ostensibly exactly what you want to happen? Otherwise why even be in the car seat business?
I can't comment on the bus line example, but the New York Times had a great write-up (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/28/nyregion/new-york-subway-...) about subway building in New York. At least in New York there's a lot more going on than the reasons you point out. Particularly damning is the fact that Paris is successfully building subways at a 10th of the cost in far less time despite having even more constraints around digging.
I expect that every blog has an rss or atom feed. It would be strange for someone to go to the effort of writing a blog and not setting up a feed. That and most blogs have feeds automatically.

That being said, any blog that doesn’t have a feed and has some proprietary subscription is not one I want to subscribe to. So not including feedless blogs is a positive for me.
Anybody know what the deal is with OpenAI's website? The colour & design choices seem to be deliberately jarring and inconsistent
Yeah I just wouldn't make use of regexes with arbitrary alphabets for any of those tasks personally. Doesn't really seem like a win to me.

But like I said, someone should go build it.
"Synecdoche" is probably the more common term.
The headline/interpretation seems incorrect.

Copying for "private study, scholarship, or research" specifically by libraries is permitted by §108 [1], while fair use is permitted by §107 [2]. These are separate concepts.

Libraries are not intended for photocopying of materials for all possible fair use cases; they're only intended for "private study, scholarship, or research" purposes.

So the sign correctly indicates what's allowed per library policy; it also correctly indicates you have additional rights per fair use policy and warns not to go beyond those.

(A good example is that a teacher can use a private/school photocopier to make 30 copies of material for classroom use according to fair use; but you're not allowed to use the library photocopier to make more than 1 copy of anything.)

[1] https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/108

[2] https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/107
Surprise and Emacs Defaults
Very happy DaisyUI user here. While I like tailwind, I have to agree that for simple things like buttons as mentioning above, it sure is verbose. One of the best aspects of DaisyUI is the wealth of ready-made elements that have very reasonable defaults which often need very little to no tweaking. Of course, you can adjust them as needed very easily. Since we’re on the topic let’s complete the stack: Using DaisyUI and a small GoFiber.io server running Go stdlib HTML templates, I’m able to crank out high performance web apps with minimal fuss. By using the embedding feature in the Go compiler you can ball everything up into a single deployable binary. For in-page interactivity, I like htmx and/or AlpineJS, depending on the use case. No NodeJS dependencies in sight!
Thanks! I like seeing how many folks know about the Teku beer glass. Very different use case, but the shape philosophy is similar.

With Bennuaine it was really about fine-tuning the dimensions through a ton of research and prototyping to reduce ethanol burn while at the same time highlighting finer notes.
You can't appease arbitrary and meaningless demands.

There will just be more of them.

So you remove "master" and "blacklist", then next week it's "brown bag" and "merit".

So instead we pick a reasonable point, draw a line in a sand and indicate a hard boundary. We say no. We will not play a game of trying to appease arbitrary demands.
> Outputs from LLMs, machine generated art, and machine generated music probably are not copyrightable either.

Let me put a straw man, and try to find a middle point, when the copyright argument stops being applicable:

1. A painting was done by an artist.

2. On a computer.

3. With a help from an image processor software.

4. Using some advanced filters, like super-resolution, that utilize computer vision techniques. Like neural networks.

Many smartphones already automatically process your* photos with some advanced CV algorithms. That can be called "machine generated art".

I'd personally prefer to stop saying "neural network did X", same way as we don't say "a bulldozer built a road, a crane built a house".
Appreciate the comment, but just genuinely curious. You guys seem to be clamping down on freemium, but not really landing any valuable "hooks" (product-wise). Would something like a better overall project management experience not be more urgent than a command pallete? Not to be nitpicky, but GH now has a scheduler component on top of custom fields - not amazing, but adds a ton of flexibility.
All the "good" languages have tremendous effort - it's how they get good. Nothing starts great...it's a journey. We've been watching the sausage being made.
Pretty sure the 2 billion was when they had more data centers. Elon I think said recently that they have that cost down by close to half
> My issue with this, is this a problem that needs to be solved? Do we need to guarantee monetization of every human interaction?

The failure of traditional news funding models, and their replacement with clickbait, has already caused devastating damage to...well, to society in general, honestly, but certainly to anyone trying to produce a balanced, informative news service. I can't blame publishers for trying to find something to keep them out of the Buzzfeed gutter.

I don't think this idea actually helps at all. But I get why they're desperate.
> The feature isn't even fully built yet

OK, but then why are they shipping it right now? Why not ship it when it actually exists?
The website (https://functiontrace.com/) mentions that dual licensing is available at the bottom of the page, so my best guess would be that you need to contact the author for pricing details.
> I was 24 when I submitted my PhD which is fairly typical

Good for you - that's very fast. According to [1] the median age for starting a PhD in the UK is 24 to 25 for full-time students. So you actually graduated around when the typical student starts.

[1] https://www.hepi.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/PhD-Life_T...
"And it doesn't need to be alive or anything to be dangerous"

Why are tech people stuck in the now and not future looking?
This trick is used in the demoscene. Instead of using -c, I use -n,

tail -n +2 $0

The -n +2 option means “starting at line 2”, which is what you want if you cram your script into one line. You can make an executable packed with lzma this way,

a=`mktemp`;tail -n+2 $0|unxz>$a;chmod +x $a;$a;rm $a;exit

This is the polite way to do it, using mktemp. You can save some bytes if you don’t care about that stuff.
Yup; "shar" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shar
Looks great and congrats on shipping. If it were up to me I'd still be deliberating the best framework and design to use for this, and how I can pipe the comments through chatgpt to extract the category, keywords and do things that make it the best blogroll ever.

And then I would have just thought it's too much work for nothing and that'd be the end of it :P
Mine is jrashford.com

It’s more of a data science/academic blog
We are all standing on the shoulders of giants. I don’t see the same criticism for anything else that required prior human knowledge and achievement.
You can also just reprogram the left/right wheel buttons. I personally like the g502/g604. Also I prefer their gaming mice to their office mice, because the gaming mice support on board memory storage rather than needing software to remap the buttons.
If done right, the FastThing gets the money flowing to refactor into the GoodThing
https://blog.vfiles.no - small personal blog, writes about tech and stuff-
http://prepend.com

Technology and technology-adjacent culture posts a few times per year. Mostly around my interest in data, programming, APIs, cryptography, travel, books, and consulting (way back in the 00s).
> If you dump it on a living ecosystem you tend to kill it.

This is false and somewhat dishonest. This is simply a choice of not diluting it enough. There is nothing about the discharge from reverse osmosis that is any more fundamentally toxic than the natural process of evaporation.

Proper dilution is essential, and treating the discharge as fundamentally toxic actually undermines the engineering to do this proper dilution because people will figure “oh well, I guess there’s nothing we can do as it’s going to tend to kill no matter what.”

People need to stop misleading about discharge toxicity.