skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Systemd-journald: possible risks and limitations
introduction

Debian's decision to use systemd-journald as the sole and default log collector starting with Debian Bookworm has sparked some concerns among system administrators. While systemd has been widely adopted due to its comprehensive approach to modern problems, the use of it may cause unforeseen problems for inexperienced administrators.

remark

In the following, I want to address some possible risks and limitations. I'm aware that this text represets my opinions and concerns. Different system administrators or users may have varying perspectives on systemd-journald and its suitability for their specific needs and I would love to discuss with you.

issues

In my opinion, systemd-journald has three issues:

1) The binary format lacks self-healing features and the provided tools can't deal with corrupted logs.

2) There are currently no public forensic tools to recover corrupted binaries.

3) It is impossible to delete specific units or redact data sets.

Regarding 1)

In case of a journald log corruption due to a crash or a bitflip, the provided tool journalctl can't read or repair the binary log, nor does it even warn of detected corruption by default (even switch `--verify` doesn't do well). I brought this to systemd's attention back in 2021 [1] (the bug dates back to 2014 [2]) and Lennart Poettering responded himself / closed the issue himself. Funny side note: After trying to discuss his reply in the IRC channel "systemd" on Libera, I got permanently banned.

Regarding 2)

I'm unaware of tools that can recover corrupted binaries. Existing parsers likely rely on systemd's API, which has the same limitations. Although systend-journald has been around for 10 years, the binary format has been changed several times, but this seems to have found no takers outside the core project.

Regarding 3)

For me the most serious limitation. It isn't possible to delete specific units or edit entries. You can't selectively delete telemetry of a dev-container, nor redact personal data to comply with GDPR. The options are to delete all logs or to suffer noncompliance. In terms of GDPR, you have to wipe ALL your logs just because one person asked to delete his data. Another example: You also can't remove the access logs after 2 days and keep the error logs for 10 more days. The systemd community suggests converting binary logs to line-delimited text, editing via text tools (sed), then converting back. However, logs continue accumulating, making this infeasible in practice. This procedure isn't documented and lacks safeguards to prevent data loss or new corruption.

conclusion

While systemd has its advantages, it's important to carefully consider the potential risks and limitations. I would recommend sticking with rsyslog, syslogd or another log collector instead of relying solely on default "systemd-journald only".

references

[1] https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/19875

[2] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=115735
My take this is all about OpenPix
No one uses radio waves to detect things in the air! That's preposterous!
Similar idea to Stephen Covey's concept of big rocks first [1].

[1]: https://archive.is/hItrY
Ehhh... I don't like either of your characterizations.

USA started on... very chaotic period. Continental Dollar was a failure in 1780s and the citizenry largely used the Spanish Peso, at least until the next Dollar came out IIRC. Eventually US Banking solidified upon the dual-standard of silver and gold. But... not really? A lot of those banks didn't actually hold that physical silver or gold, it was all virtual notes and paper pretending to be silver or gold. (Is this fractional reserve banking but on the silver standard? Depends on who you ask)

In the 1880s (if I got that right), the Silver standard was eradicated and the USA was largely on the gold standard. We were in a pretty turbulent time regardless, until the big-whammy hit in 1930s.

While "technically" on the Gold standard, FDR then issued Executive Order 6102 making gold illegal. Simultaneously, from the 1910s in this period, the US banking system was transitioning to the modern Federal Reserve system. I'm not sure exactly when fractional reserve banking hit in the Federal Reserve system, but I remember some important laws passing in the 1930s as well. Its all a moving target and difficult to say "X happened" at a particular point of history.

It was all happening at the same time. Different banks, different parts of the country, different states were in a complex web of Silver, Gold, dollars, independent notes, and so forth.

I'd personally say by the 1930s, with Gold becoming literally illegal, was when the USA fully transitioned into fractional reserve banking for the masses. Gold remained illegal until Nixon re-legalized it in the 1970s, but also finally removed gold from officially backing our currency (granted: with Gold being illegal, it didn't practically back our currency anymore for decades, so Nixon just made Gold float to the market rate and match reality, as opposed to pretending that we had a gold-backed system).

But that's just my opinion on the matter. Others can draw lines in the sand and almost arbitrarily argue any of these points we were "doing fractional reserve banking", or "on the gold standard", or whatever.
No human is going to write a fully-featured browser from scratch anymore. Maybe AIs will do.
> The best thing about it is that the Fed holds most of that debt so they kind of monetized it with no major repercussions.

You mean beside a lost 30 years, one of the lowest rates of family formation, and a high rate of suicide among young people?

Sure.
I am all for cracking down on abusers and scammers, especially body shops.

but it is not the reason to get rid of the entirety of H-1B program, as some people advocate here.
Good for a consumer vehicle. For a random stunt it would be pretty easy to improve on that. Start with things like "aerodynamic fairings" and "low rolling resistance tires".

Someone above linked a solar car, which went roughly the same distance, significantly faster. Given that it apparently had 1.8kw nameplate capacity solar panels... and it covered 3000 km in 30 hours, we know it's (substantially better than) 1.8kwh/100km (at 100kph!).

0.03 gallons of gasoline release 1kwh of energy when burned, combined with the above the solar car was getting the equivalent of 1150 mpg. This trip would have taken 2.26 gallons (falsely assuming perfect efficiency, but then we get to ditch all the weight and aerodynamic losses from having solar panels on board... and I assumed the solar panels operated continuously at their nameplate capacity).

That's still slightly larger than the Honda Monkey's 1.5 gallon tank, but it's not unreasonable to think that someone could have done this. It would have been a lot cooler than "strapping on more fuel tanks" IMO.
The official reason given by the company is that carbon fiber allowed the submersibles to be positive buoyant. This in turn allowed them to use electromagnets to hold onto ballast, and in the case of a failure the submersibles would loose its weight and go back to the surface. It was also considered cheaper and smaller than using steel in combination with syntactic foam to achieve the same result.
There are scientists who support flat earthers. Are they part of the scientific consensus? This "article" is clearly intended to push a certain narrative and if they bothered to even ask another scientist, there might be more credibility. The article only mentions that the reports weren't peer reviewed to paint her as some sort of victim who's being ignored. The wikipedia article does a lot more to present her views in context.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li-Meng_Yan
Begging the question a bit aren't we with the assumption that CBDCs will exist?
The debt will accrue debt, which will require debt to pay.

This is, of course, occurring currently we’re just talking about a sliding scale now.

A debt for our children’s children’s children to worry over. Nothing to see here. Move along citizen.
This is the second time you’ve said “it’s bad!” And then used a strange hand wavy analogy (in the first post, an xkcd comic) as an out. Again, if you don’t understand something and don’t want to, just say it, don’t paint it as bad.

Enjoy your vastly inefficient and expensive map/reduce configurations if that’s what you like.
> With our resources of today, we could be building fantasy castles all over the place.

Something like this horror?

https://www.insider.com/turkey-abandoned-disney-castles-vill...
Gotta say I'm a little surprised, VC deciding to give money to me doesn't indicate any of that.

To me that whole list is determined by actually turning a profit based on your operations, not some VC.
Thank you for your feedback, making a note to improve it.
I'm not generally a fan of Mick West, particularly when he gets into specific debunkings of videos, because his argumentative framework depends on the same flawed approach as those he's debunking: he starts from the conclusion that the aliens are not here, and then claims any evidence offered against this conclusion is insufficient. He depends on the same fallacy as his opponents. The only difference is the conclusion from which he starts. And of course he has an inherent advantage of credibility because his conclusion doesn't require any extraordinary evidence. That's why it feels like he's just taking cheap shots - in many ways he's on the easier side of the debate (but ironically it's become the harder side because it's nearly impossible to deprogram his opponents out of their cult).

However, I did enjoy his recent video [0] on Grusch, where he focuses on the meta arguments against the narrative itself. He does a good job of describing the logical and dialectical flaws in the claims of the so-called "whistleblower" (who needs to get approval to speak publicly), and the reporting of the story itself (which was rushed and published by the same group of people with monetary and reputational incentives to uncritically promote the same narrative for which they've previously lost credibility).

[0] https://youtube.com/watch?v=AvhMMhW-JN0
“S3 clone” is easier to remember though.
1. Will there ever come a point where the debts can't reasonably be repaid?

2. Will the people who are owed the money have the political power/influence to be able to force the issue?

3. The issue forced, will there be any feasible mechanism of paying it back other than raising taxes rapidly and horrifically?

4. Given that this is a public (United States) that is massively in debt (to the tune of nearly twice our annual GDP), will they be able to absorb that hit on top of everything else?

I'm not sure I subscribe to the school of economics that says money is magical and debt never has to be paid back, but if I'm wrong in that, I'd love to here what part of this I misunderstand.
The Spying Scandal Inside One of America’s Biggest Power Companies
What does that have to do with the debt?
The war in Ukraine is showing that the "superpowers" aren't so super. It's showing just how much of the military superiority is propaganda and nothing more. But we already knew that, because the US just went through what Russia is now going through.

The US just lost a 20 year war in Afghanistan against cave dwellers with Soviet-era rifles, homemade explosives and random bits from the bottom of a toolbox. You'd think maybe they'd have busted out the ray guns or spaceships instead of taking the L.
And there are various ways of doing nothing that are still judged for being childish or not. I already mentioned the differences in fiction.
I have definitely gotten significant speed ups using Jax. I try to vectorize my code as much as possible but that’s not always feasible for every aspect of an algorithm. Even for the vectorized operations, the JIT compilation gets me a speed up when used correctly (I.e. structuring code to minimize recompiling). Jax also has the added bonus of trivially running your algorithm on the GPU.
Most households with a mortgage are also not, on a yearly basis, severely outspending their income. The problem is not necessarily the debt - it's the debt plus the deficit.
>but sometimes it stings knowing what options are out there.

Yeah I made the sacrifice and lived in the Bay, crammed into a hacker house for a few years.

It totally sucks, but working with all those smart people and stashing the money completely changed my life.

Definitely a sacrifice I’d make again
https://archive.is/JJOnK
Sovereign debt is fundamentally different to any other kind of liability. So yes, I believe that your comment "it doesn't seem like the markets will ever care" should remain true so long as the real economic activity of the USA is paramount to global functioning.
That sounds remarkably similar to many urban legends.
Just because they don't care now doesn't mean they won't in the future and like you said it is a potential disaster if they do. Because it will come at the worst time because that is when these things happen. I think a reasonable amount of debt is healthy and fine, but people want to spend and think that the bill doesn't ever come due. Sometimes inflation eats it and it was good that you spent the money, sometimes your face will get ripped off and you need to be careful.
Visa just gobbling up all of their domestic and foreign competitors
As long foreign countries swap their real assets (oil, grains, metals, manufactured goods, etc) with printed US dollars (nominal assets), they can increase (print) public debt (more dollars). That's why it is important for the US to have USD as the global currency, thereby giving an ability to print whatever money needed. This luxury is not available for most of the countries. That's the crux of modern monetary theory.
Just pushing back mildly on the whole "fleecing people" language and implication that NMS labs is somehow "corrupt" with no evidence.
This. If the only way for more money (credit) to come into existence is debt, then someone will have to keep taking debt. For past debts to be paid off, more debt needs to be created.

How exactly is this a stable system? Who the fuck thought this would last?
Some "fruit preserves" also use vinegars and other acids. Which leads to the Venn diagrams of the definitions of pickles, chutneys, and preserves (fruit) all have a massive overlap and ketchup is right there in the middle as pickled tomatoes, tomato chutney, or tomato preserve depending on how much you want to classify it is a fruit, vegetable, or "it doesn't matter". (I would at least argue that "preserve" is the more accurate fruit term over jam or jelly.)
Hard agree.

CBDCs are a substrate. There will always be integrations to the substrate.

Ideally protocols are as simple as possible and applications utilize them to build bespoke services. If the protocol itself is too customizable it becomes extremely difficult to interop.
Because fractional reserve banking is the least worst way and it's very unlikely to change we have to acknowledge this power bias and mitigate it.

If chartered consumer bank is creating new M0 money supply as debt through loans or other processes it should not be legally allowed to be involved in stock and other market investments. Deposit and investment banks should not legally be allowed to mix. The immense profits and power to create new currency as debt should not have all it's incentives and value siphoned off into non-productive market manipulations and vehicles.

In the USA this is one first step, one we've taken before in recent history, that needs to be taken again to mitigate the centralized (~4k chartered banks in the USA) money supply creation issue of fractional reserve banking.
I don't understand what you're responding to. GP said they tried using IPFS with their project, but it ended up being too complicated and they opted for Dropbox instead.
It seems as though national debt has transitioned from something that ever needs to be paid off to instead just being a graph of inflation. The Fed holds the majority of the US Debt, and that will likely increasingly be the case.

Governments don't need to tax anymore, they simply generate the money they need by borrowing from the reserve. There is no longer any expectation that this will ever be paid back. The debt is really nothing more than a graph showing the expansion of the money supply, and the interest rate is nothing more than the vector of where the debt is going.
Wow that really does show the texture!
His influence has been largely detrimental to the quality-of-life of countless people, and Paris gives thanks every day that his plans for it were never fully realized. In a sense, he's partially at fault for every person who suffered or died violently in American high-rise projects, if we are to give architecture the social influence it claims.

Another perspective: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2021/may/19/why-are...

One is reminded of BMI.
We spent like the population would continue to grow. Wups!
Titan sub was trying to surface, passengers knew hull was 'starting to crack'
> everyone will fine-tune their own models
They do cooperate with Wine development, yes.
Ent ORM for Golang
Others mentioned it's a one time cost.

You can lurk and read most forums without an account, decide if its a good fit or if it has things that interest you.
> Enough money and time can buy you an arbitrarily nice mirror

Yes and no. But I'm going to go with mostly no. The yes is only because over thousands of years we have in fact improved mirror quality, but if we're talking about building a perfect mirror within a 5-10 year time-frame from now, it is definitely no. No matter how much money you spend.

A lot of people like to make assumptions about our capacity to build and make things. The reason we don't live in a super futuristic society isn't just because we're not dumping enough money into such a goal (obviously that would help) but because even with infinite resources we don't have great paths towards those things right now. Nuance sucks, but is necessary. The truth is that there's no such thing as "simple" when we're talking about "arbitrary precision." Honestly, not even true long before that. There's a good reason you'll find books with thousands of pages dedicated to a seemingly simple thing e.gs: o-rings, screws, bolts, threading, and so on. Don't fall for the simplicity trap.
It's probably a problem if you're borrowing money and getting nothing in return and making future generations pay for it.

It's subjective if you think our borrowed spending is causing more harm than good.
The only premium feature I'm using is hardware encoding personally.
The wonderful thing is that the hardware performance is there if you just dare to toss the stack. One of my long-standing projects is to build a bare metal (at least as far as userspace is considered) programming language called Virgil. It can generate really tiny binaries and doesn't rely on hardly any other software (not even C!). As LLVM and V8 and even Go get piggier and piggier, it feels more magical every day.
The people whose lives depend on this sort of thing will definitely be learning the right lessons and the rest doesn't matter. In fact, plenty of them already had learned those lessons, the CEO of that company was a pretty special case (and not in a good sense).
Why Should Anyone Own the Product of A.I.?
Activision Won’t Withhold Call of Duty from Sony If Microsoft Deal Closes
Agreed. The producthunt flyer helpfully mentions that July is free:

https://www.producthunt.com/posts/ambient-ai
Yeah what most companies are even thinking about right now is prompt engineering which doesn’t require an advanced degree.

Actually developing models is a much smaller field (in terms of jobs) and the overlap with software engineering is small. I’m sure you can make a lot of money in it, but you’re better off coming at it from data science.
Mck pays the same in all cities in NA :)
Fvck!
"certainly not slower" while emulating a 68K system, or overall?
Someone framed debt to gdp ratio like this: if your debt is 150% of your GDP. It would take a year and a half to pay off your debt if all the national income (gdp) was allocated to payments.

No obviously this isn’t a realistic policy - but if we can have “war-time” economies as proven in the past it reasons that we can have an economy solely focused on the repayment of debt (idk, high taxes for a decade?). Am I tripping?
https://archive.ph/Vl61C
I find it pretty wild that members of congress are having to draft bills to pull out any secrets that may be happening in government programs so secret that even they don't know about it. It speaks very loudly to how little accountability there is to where tax payer dollars are going.
Could quantum gravity slow down neutrinos? – Nature Astronomy
I had no idea about these elements or their APIs. Maybe one downside to living in JSX all the time is that it can encourage ignorance of the foundation it’s built on.
I think it was probably that they were told the submersible had made a number of previous successful trips so assumed it would continue to do so--not realizing that the carbon fiber material could get weaker and weaker each trip.
I have only familiarity with western musical notation, and it too me a while to get there. Tablature and track notation (digital audio workstation) both were completely intuitive to me. Is there anything that argues for learning Western musical notation- IE, does it help express some things eloquently/efficiently/naturally? Every time I ask classically trained musicians (who started with a piano and a music book) they look at me like I'm crazy and dumb.
For context, CBDC stands for central bank digital currency, e.g. https://www.dnb.nl/en/innovations-in-payments-and-banking/di...
In my experience a decent way to solve this is by two layers of abstractions. I will take any better design ideas!

First layer gives you safe access to the hardware registers. For example, ensure atomic/synchronized access, forbid invalid/reserved values. Name the flags/bits to reduce human mistakes (reg |= Prescaler::Div8.

You can still miss-configure the PWM/Timer settings of course.

The second layer gives you a safe driver interface. Giving you all the options to configure a timer for a some PWM settings for example.
I deleted my reply since I realized I'm getting saltier than is useful - I'll let things stand here.
Scientific American is on the same trajectory as the History channel.

I'm just assuming this is clickbait and will keep an eye out for the archive link.
> I watched dev logs where people seemed to effortlessly build their ideal worlds and then go viral for it on youtube

Heads up that a majority of these are “fake”, and/or stretch the truth considerably. There was one where in one video they had made a fully realized open world in Unity and in the second they implemented flying.

It’s all smoke and mirrors. These creators have spent weeks getting these games to the point at which they’re at. Whether it’s in training, or in previous failed games, or in creating templates to make future games, it’s never that easy. There are so many nuances to these engines that you can easily lose an entire day just fiddling with one feature or fixing a bug.

So take it with a grain of salt.
I get that countries don't exactly operate like a family budget, but can someone explain what the intended steady state is? There's only really three options: pay it off, keep it at the current debt level (or keep it steady at some percent level), or continuing to let it grow, and it seems like the first two options aren't (credibly) on the table.
You missed the point. It isn't the money spent ~on~ Call of Duty by Playstation users, it is the money spent ~by~ Call of Duty Playstation players on Playstation products/services/etc overall (some of which have nothing to do with Call of Duty).