skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
As another layperson who only has a college freshman-level understanding of Biology 101, I don't think that's going to be simple.

Immune cells look for -expressions- on the surface of a cell to tell them whether a cell is wonky or not. Typically, these are proteins. These proteins are encoded by DNA, yes, but it's not going to be as simple as diffing the DNA between a regular cell and a cancerous cell because a simple diff like that won't tell you what will get expressed as a key cancer cell surface protein.

DNA gets interpreted as mRNA which then acts as instructions to build long strands of amino acids. These amino acid chains then fold (in hard to calculate ways) into proteins. There's a whole set of other machinery in the cell that regulates how those proteins behave once they're constructed.

TLDR, there's multiple compilation steps to go from a DNA to protein, and then a whole host of runtime monkeypatching to get proteins from A to B.

Shit's complicated unfortunately :/
We had the opposite effect in NZ. Putting an $8K subsidy on EVs sold for <= $80K caused manufacturers to drop their prices so as to be inside the subsidy range. It seems to have worked very well, looks like they got the numbers right.

I have moral issues with the wealthier members of society getting an $8K handout from the govt for buying a new car, but that's a different matter.
> For e-bikes it's less clear

Sounds like you've never had one. They are absolutely game changing.
> The piece seems to be arguing that Richard III's motives, and specifically the circumstances around why he became king, are somewhat uncertain.

Yes, but do you see how this question has a fundamentally different nature to it from the questions about Captain Kirk? The answer to “what were Richard III’s motives”, in some sense, is tied to some actual historical person, or our understanding of that person. We may find new historical evidence that sways our opinion one way or another, but that evidence either exists or it does not, it cannot be created.

Douglas Adams talks about these kinds of questions about fiction, like, “What kind of Apple Mac did Arthur Dent have?”

https://douglasadams.com/cgi-bin/mboard/info/dnathread.cgi?1...

> So what you're doing if you ask me what sort of computer Arthur Dent had is 'please would you make up a story for me which has to do with what sort of computer Arthur had'.

> ...

> So you see the problem? "What kind of Apple Mac did Arthur Dent have?" is a completely unanswerable question.

Whereas if we were talking about a real person like Richard III, the questions often have answers, even if we don’t know them. I don’t think that this is some detail to gloss over—if you want to make the case that the questions about real people have the same nature as questions about fictional people, then I think you would have to support that case very carefully. Like, if we are arguing along those lines, then we can talk about George Washington cutting down the cherry tree as fact, because George Washington’s relationship to an actual historical person is increasingly incidental.

I’m not saying that you can’t argue along those lines, just that this kind of argument doesn’t crop up by chance, and isn’t made by the article.

> This feels reasonable to me. "We know facts X and Y", is true. "As such, Z is what we think explains X and Y" can be convincing, but is also inherently speculation.

This is true for history, but fiction works differently.
Such a program is guaranteed to result in more injuries and deaths.
I did not. I’d considered whether it was off-topic or not and concluded that it was not given the direction of discussion up to the point of my comment. We’re several comments deep after one tangent from “enigma machine exploits” to “obscenities with enigma machine exploits” and my tangent to “obscenities with hypothetical-but-not-yet-implemented machine exploits”. I can understand that it seems out of place, though I also disagree that it is out of place.

(Really, the biggest reason I had against posting it was the knee-jerk reaction some people will have towards presumed Apple fanboys preempting any consideration that an idea could be relevant. It might be worth giving that a thought.)
My car has both the in-cab oil indicator, and the dipstick. The indicator comes on late, like, it is bone dry and well below the L mark on the dipstick.

But, I mean, every model is different.

(I know this because this is how we started to learn we were losing oil, somewhere. … and unlike the parent poster's suggestion that old cars did this after 10k miles … this was around 130k miles. This is but one car, though, I suppose.)
Exactly, carrying capacity of the land has changed thanks to how much of the biomass we are able to take advantage of. You don't get 8 billion humans on earth plus the abundance of flora and fauna from premodern times for free, its gotta come from somewhere and in this case we scorched a lot of the earth and disrupted a lot of flora and fauna for the agriculture that feeds 8 billion.

What changes the equation a little bit though is when we mine or extract resources like fertilizers and oil from below the surface of the planet. That is now adding nutrients and more energy to the system that wasn't around at least in premodern times. All that oil is old biomass anyhow, so burning it and adding it back to the atmosphere would potentially make it available again for species that take advantage of carbon fixation, if we give these species room to accumulate this biomass out of the atmosphere.

It's kind of interesting to think about how even with today's combustion engine tech, we could solve our climate change crises and set the earth to whatever greenhouse gas level we'd like, if we merely strove to balance this system by growing out sufficient biomass.
You realize most of those things actually are subsidized, right?
Eh I think there is scant hard evidence on the displacement effect of EVs. They are often bought as little-used second cars, which is shown by their much smaller share of VMT than their fleet share implies. And a recent WEF report said that ebikes already displace more oil demand globally than electric cars and are growing faster.
From what I recall of how Enigma worked, headers (and footers, if the concept applied) were also encrypted.

IIRC a transmission started with the rotor settings for the rest of the message encrypted using the daily setting and sent twice. Even sending this much, such that both copies communicated the same setting, would reveal that Enigma was compromised, I think.
As the article mentions, the early computer industry was a product of the US military, so it was (indirectly) subsidised. Many Western countries offer free (or heavily subsidised) tertiary education, for exactly the reason you mention.

I think a key point here is that a subsidy might increase the speed of adoption; the climate change argument (which I think relatively weak in this instance) is one reason to speed up adoption.
> All you do is increase demand and thus increase prices that offset the subsidy.

No, it's not. Production is elastic, it grows to accommodate price changes. For most things you get a minuscule increase in price with a large increase in usage.
Well the subsidy had a price cap which is also a smart move to try and counteract supply side issues
My truck doesn't have a gas cap
>"all you do is increase demand"

yes, that's the goal here.
Half the reason I log onto HN is for the obscure random facts like these :) ty!
You say "don't suggest to buy some old Dell Optiplex from eBay" but I did exactly this.

I spent $43.97 (which included shipping) for the Optiplex, added a 2 port NIC for $16.37, and it's been running my house great since then.
In Brazil, self-service gas stations have been illegal since 2000 [1]. I remember that in the 90s some gas stations tried to implement this model, and I think it didn’t gain traction because of a mix of unions being against it and the general public just not liking it.

[1]: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l9956.htm
Also, getting generic ChatGPT answers:

>>

What is the popular opinion on the recent Reddit protest

As an AI language model, I don't have real-time access to the internet or social media platforms, so I cannot provide the current popular opinion on the recent Reddit protest. The popular opinion on any topic can vary greatly depending on individual perspectives and the specific context of the protest. Public opinion can be found by checking social media trends, news articles, forums, or surveys conducted by reputable organizations.
May be a dumb question, but why do I only see, like, every 20th letter when I visit the page? Is this some anti-ad-blocker thing?
Totally agree, a world where every language had it's own "thing" and felt the need for that thing to warp every aspect of the language would be much worse.
Always love to see updates from this project. Miegakure is the peak of game design: not merely a Skinner box or masturbatory fantasy, it's an honest exploration of what-if, so far outside the realm of our daily 3D experience that the process of modeling it has been something akin to fundamental research.
It seems that the consensus is that Mayans left the cities due to drought and political shifts. The people and much of the culture is still there, though!
https://www.livescience.com/why-maya-civilization-collapsed....
> If you are struggling, are you "already weak". You lack the capability and resources to easily resolve the challenge at hand. All you are doing is hiding your weakness. You are bluffing. You are being the guy who seems all stable on the surface until, SNAP, he's some unreliable flaky shit face who can't take the pressure.

> You're not being strong. You're not being helpful. You're being brittle. You're setting yourself, and those who depend on you up for a sudden, surprising failure.

Not convinced. "Fake it till you make it" is pretty masculine. So is noble failure against overwhelming odds. Someone who needs help and doesn't ask for it may well be held in higher regard than someone who doesn't need help and ask for it.

> And there's plenty of space for men to be good friends and supporters for other men, to help them through challenges, even if you do not ask for help. The 'unexpected save/help from the initially non-committal friend' is a common trope. Being the guy who helps out is absolutely part of our common western culture.

Sure. So enabling more of that would be a good move. Maybe rebuild some of the male social spaces that have been systematically torn down over the last few decades.

> I hardly thinking adding the attribute "be willing to ask for help when the situation demands it" is tearing down. If anything it's building up.

Culture is tricky and complex. You can't just change one thing and expect it to not have knock-on effects. Coming up with ways to make it safer for men to get help would be a positive change. But just telling men they need to ask for help might well do more harm than good.
This is the same for e-scooter rideshare schemes. Much of the evidence points to escooter use replacing walking short distances, so environmentally it can be a net negative overall.
All diffusion models are quite inefficent due to running in PyTorch eager mode (with torch.compile being kinda janky in practice on 2.0/2.1).

I would be more interested to see Paella vs SD running on a ML compiler framework, like TVM or AITemplate. Maybe one or the other is more amenable to optimization.
I... just assume any bluetooth device that requires a vendor supplied locked-in application is exfiltrating every piece of data it can get it's grubby mits on. As the business model.

Unless it provably states otherwise. Is that a minority opinion?
First subsidize protected bike lanes nationwide (in US)

Enough cycling deaths and severe injuries from cars as it is, we are at a 40 year peak because of smartphones and DWI
PfSense has some pretty bad problems relating to interfaces disappearing temporarily and services dying from it. I would go as far as saying 2.6.0 is unreliable.

With PCEngines shutting down it’s almost impossible to find reliable, cost effective hardware. I hope pfSense gets back on track because their hardware seems ok.
By your logic the EV subsidy (or, tax cut relative to gasoline cars, but it should be the same effect) in Norway shouldn't have worked. Yet it has been wildly successful.

Yes, it may encourage manufacturers to increase price, but that gives them more money to do marketing, and incentivizes them to try to sell more of the product since the margins are now so good.

It was striking how fast all the car marketing in Norway changed towards pushing EVs. While in other countries the car makers still seem to be primarily pushing ICEVs. Considering that consumer awareness is an important aspect of transitioning to a new solution, this is a very good thing IMO.

I think it's also good that Norway didn't try to limit the subsidy to cheaper cars, to not fall for the temptation to exclude luxury cars. (Until very recently, now that the transition is already nearly complete). Making sure nobody feels excluded or singled out makes political support much easier and simplifies everything.
> A good trick for reading comprehension is to read the last paragraph first:

I appreciate your concern for my reading ability!

As you’ve pointed out:

>It's easy to make knee-jerk emotional reactions.

Sometimes the urge to insert meaning into a text can be so strong that one can be compelled to ignore the entire premise of a blog post. Heck, a person might even resort to cheap condescension to defend what some might reasonably call empty self-congratulatory drivel!
It definitely helped that Denver (and these days Colorado in general) has one of the largest networks of bike paths in the United States. Well beyond bike lanes, the paths are separate from roads and don’t intersect with roads. So all of these e-bikes can zip around without worrying about lunatics Zooming while driving. I’d love to use an e-bike to get around, but I’m not a fan of sharing the sidewalkless, shoulderless roads that seem to be everywhere in the state I currently live in.
We need better regulation on electronic indicators, though. Governments happily use them to track vehicle movements unbeknownst to most motorist. (And not at toll booths.) License plate readers (which are also used in some toll systems) share the same abuses.

(That, and some regulation around rental car companies charging a 2500% "convenience" junk fee for handling tolls.)
I like the monolithic.com approach better - Not totally spherical, but a lot more options.
>I don’t consider it a workout

You might be surprised. The amount of exercise you get while "cheating" on an ebike is way more than people think, especially if you don't get one powerful enough to basically classify as a motorbike. I'm Australian, and here the power output is limited to 250 watts which means it's really just an assist rather than the main power plant (which is still the rider). Riding it uses significantly more energy than walking does since I like to go fast, so it's still very much legitimate exercise.
Then amend the constitution. Maybe it made sense when representatives had to travel to the capital by horse and buggy, but it's 2023 now. There's no reason to have such a restriction.
I run mine on HP’s version of an optiplex with a 2nd hand pcie 1Gb quad nic, but if you wanted nicer “real” hardware with a proven track record, an HP microserver gen10 or gen10+ can be had on eBay for very little. A gen10+ should even come with iLo, which is nice.
New XGProyect server x100, ogame clone
The amount of preteens I've seen that can't even feed themselves these days without help from their mom, I'd say microwaving a pizza is an achievement.
EdDSA as used in TLS 1.3 imposes a requirement that possibly could be problematic for approaches which try to avoid large buffers:

> A bigger issue with the use of Ed25519 or Ed448 in X.509 certificates is that these signature algorithms use an extra protection against collision attacks on hash functions: the initial hashing is done not on the signed data alone, but on the concatenation of the encoding of the public key and the signed data. This is called “PureEdDSA” in RFC 8032 terminology, and it makes the signature function more resilient against collision attacks, if the hash function turns out to be flaky in that respect (like MD5 or SHA-1). However, it means that the public key must be known before starting to process the signed data. In an X.509 certificate path provided on a stream in usual SSL/TLS order (end-entity first, then CA), the public key is made available only after the whole signed certificate has been received. Verifying a certificate path that involves use of EdDSA keys by CA thus requires buffering a complete certificate in RAM, something which has so far been carefully avoided by BearSSL.

https://bearssl.org/tls13.html

Note that the end-entity certificate for google.com (albeit not using EdDSA) is nearly 4K, largely because the huge list of Subject Alternative Names, and I imagine certificates could easily be larger in many other cases. You need to buffer the entirety of each certificate in the chain plus the initial part of the issuer's certificate, up to the subject public key (that is, the public key of the issuer of the previous certificate).

This assumes a certificate chain is received in the optimal order. I think TLS 1.3 actually dispenses with the requirement that a chain be delivered in any specific order, in which case in the worst case you may be stuck having to buffer almost the entire chain.
The wall is best enjoyed by watching the movie.

Once you’ve done that then you can enjoy listening to the music by itself.
> left the cities

I think that's a euphemism for population collapse. The people in the cities didn't revert to pastoralism... they died, and the people already living outside the cities reverted to subsistence farming.
At some point in high school, I realized that the reason I was unhappy was that I was suppressing my feelings and ignoring what they were telling me. Instead, I needed to learn how to predict my feelings in advance and guide my behavior and thoughts proactively to avoid feeling unhappy.

The kind of "confidence" that is important to happiness is very specific. Overall, I'm less confident and more anxious than the average person. What I can do is convince myself that I'm making the best decisions for myself under the circumstances I find myself in. As long as I can make optimal decisions without feeling strong negative emotions, I simply don't have to feel those emotions. For me, happiness is not "lack of a persistent itch to do things differently" — what is important is that, if I have a persistent itch to do things differently, I actually follow it.
That comment reminded me so much of https://xkcd.com/927/
Only on HN would two companies that are losing millions be considered a “monopoly”.

Neither Reddit or Twitter are in any form shape or fashion a “monopoly”.
Pfft. My health is more important than money.
I’m interested in buying one but have been a bit overwhelmed by the sheer number of brands that have seemingly appeared overnight. Can you recommend any specific companies?
You’re talking about deaths and fixating on the wrong thing. Food poisoning causes massive economic harm in just sick days and that’s registered precisely nowhere.
I just got a Protectli Vault FW4B to run it on. I wanted something small and fanless. Didn't even realize Celeron's were still made. Been running it 2 years now with no problems. Even that hardware (8GB RAM / 32GB msata) is overkill for home network.

Protectli was nice to buy from, but I do think there's a lot of similar options.

https://protectli.com/product/fw4b/
It is not time to subsidize e-bikes. It would be time if they could be ridden safely. Do they belong in streets, along with cars? No, the rider is at great risk. Do they belong in bike lanes? Then there is likely to be a pretty large difference in speed between e-bikes and ordinary ones, so that's dangerous too.

As the article points out, there is already high demand for e-bikes. So build appropriate infrastructure, and then add subsidies to speed adoption and reduce reliance on automobiles.
What are the additional features that docker provides over the basic containers in the article?
The thing that changes is where you're building it. China tried the cookie-cutter approach and see what they got: buildings falling down. It turns out that even if you approved something in one circumstance it doesn't apply to another. Since the ground conditions are different, each building is truly different.

This isn't software where you can put it in a Docker container. There's a reason why everything requires planning approval in almost every big city in America: lives matter. People matter.
Y'all are saying that because Americans don't have a single term for "long term happiness" and a separate term for "short term happiness," then that creates some kind of blindspot for Americans. We understand how to put multiple terms together to express nuanced ideas.

> In Chinese a word technically exists for love but it’s not used between people more for things but even then it’s not the same word. This is a perfect example of the characteristics of a language representing a change of perception on something as powerful as expressing love.

This sounds like a cultural norm around language use. There's examples of this in English. You might say, "I love lamp." That's weird, it's a non-standard use for the word "love," but people would give you the benefit of the doubt and note that you "like" the lamp.
Self defeating? Au contrair, it’s self perpetuating! Subcultures continuously spin off, develop new interesting features that the mainstream is too chickenshit to fuck with, only for those features to inevitably be absorbed back into the primary culture. Every weirdo has something to offer!
250 watts is significant. That is about what a Tour de France rider will average on a typical stage.
The thing about tech monopolies are they operate at huge losses until they wipe out the competition and then they start jacking up costs way higher than the market normally would allow because they've laid waste to the competitive landscape by operating for so long at such scale at huge losses. That was what the argument against allowing tech platforms to consolidate was. Think about all the platforms that were bought or went under during the 2010s. By being able to operate at losses for so long while buying their competitors / putting them out of business, they've salted the ground in terms of competition for their categories.
I love riding e-scooters all around our downtown area. It’s fun, cheap, and way more convenient than driving or taking a cab/uber. But I do worry about the safety of it being around pedestrians and larger vehicles.

And out in the burbs, forget about it. No way I am taking a scooter or bike out on a busy road.

What we need is a serious conversation around zoning and building communities in such a way that walking, scooters, and bikes become viable for 50%+ of peoples daily commuting.
I bought an e-bike some years ago, loved it completely, but the battery promptly failed.

The company that sold the bike (SF startup faraday) promptly went out of business.
—
I want so much to hop back in the saddle… but I’m thinking about e-waste. And feeling pretty shy about the whole thing.
I support this idea! I also support the idea of non-e-bikes too, I mean: why not? I prefer just pushing the bike with my own muscles and I don't own a car. I wouldn't mind some help with a purchase of a commuter bike!
How well does OPNsense deal with bufferbloat in a home networking situation? It appears to implement fq_codel for traffic shaping, but not the newer cake algorithm. Test: https://www.waveform.com/tools/bufferbloat
They're lifechanging if you drive them in the same roads as most vehicle drivers (in the US).

If you're lucky, the change to your life is swift and painless. If you're not, it can be months or years until you walk again.