skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
We have an unusual case. We tried to use OTel but what we wanted to trace was not "normal." In the end, we removed that kind of tracing.

This was for a large email platform. We receive billions of API calls to send mail. Any particular call may send out to a thousand recipients. Recipient inboxes may not respond for 3 days, and we let you schedule your send 3 days out. We wanted all traces so any customer could contact us and we could debug their issue. OpenTracing is not good for this problem as it likes smaller time windows and does better with one request to one response and often requires sampling.

We were able to make some choices and were able to instrument a lot of the system. From the instrumentation, we cut out retries, delayed responses, multiplexed requests, and the like. But running this was wildly expensive still, so we started sampling more and more aggressively. It was an upward fight the entire time to implement and get data from the traces. Multiple teams had to work together to connect traces from start to finish across different services and stacks. It didn't help that management would only give us token amounts of time to keep implementing it as other projects would be prioritized.

We ended up keeping our older system. Each message has metadata, including a list of times and/or durations of internal actions. This metadata is recorded to our metric systems after we are done handling the request. We don't get cool flamegraphs, interesting relationships exposed, and a whole lot of cool things that OTel can do. But we know what parts of our system cause a bottleneck and when and for who, though sometimes we have to dig to see it.
Where I live 'hydroponics' + 'LED' + 'niche vegetables' => Marijuana Plantation...
You're missing the broader point which is that employers, in general, do not have a claim on all of your time, and in general, there is no justification for the kind of on-call expectations some seem to have.
I modded a small programming sub for a while (at least several years). Maybe a post per day type of sub.

It was basically no effort. Occasionally, someone would post spam, users would report it, and I’d go “yep, that sure is spam. Remove”. It was just another “mindless action” to take during Reddit time.

I’m sure larger subs are exponential harder to mod.
If you follow through to the GNU statement, it says this:

> This 32-bit count will overflow in 2038; but there will be no problem in that year, because by then all systems will have redefined time_t to be a 64-bit integer.

[x] doubt
Dolby atmos is trash.
> One of the less well publicized great advances of the past decade is that we have essentially solved desalinization.

Can you link to any sources backing your claim?
If anything this shows clueless people allowed to make decisions. Let teams flock around their tools. What's 10 bucks a month on an employees salary. Oh its not the cost, you think the difference in tools is what creates friction in your organisation? Maybe sit in on a couple of meetings, watch your people work, talk to them.
having everything I need and doing whatever I want is wonderful for my brain
It’s not so much fun if you’re a fish.
I understood that passage as "our let won't be letrec, so no recursion for you (unless you do some self-passing trick, of course)".
I'm waiting for the patent troll equivalent of training data
In a past life for a short while (around 2006/2008'ish I'd say) I used XEmacs instead of Emacs because XEmacs could do one thing Emacs couldn't: real-time "Relax NG" schema validation.

It was kinda a big deal for me back then as I was working, IIRC, on DocBook documents which were validated using a Relax NG schema.

> I don't really miss XEmacs, but it's always cool when old programs still get some love.

I agree. But then I'm using Emacs daily. I'd miss XEmacs much more if I hadn't the opportunity to use Emacs! Still, as you sa, it's good to see XEmacs getting some love.
There's a common saying: "Nothing Personal It's Strictly Busines".
This idea of "multiple objects" operating as "one object together" is some idea I really like too.

a) A good object orientated API is enjoyable to use, if it maps well to what you want it to do. Look at the developer productivity of ActiveRecord, Django ORM, SqlAlchemy or Hibernate. The object graph model is kind of fun to work with and many developers prefer it to working directly in SQL.

b) Where object orientated APIs fall down is where you want behaviour that the data underlying graph model does not support. I am thinking of OpenGL rendering pipeline or operating system APIs such as POSIX.

c) The Document Object Model in web browsers and the Component Object Model (Microsoft windows, word, Visual Basic, office suite etc) are both dreams that everything on the screen and on the computer was object orientated and could be interacted with with a simple API. Most cross platform GUI frameworks are object orientated even if the underlying graphical APIs are procedural. For example, win 32 API is procedural.

d) There is impedance mismatch of object orientation, procedural (C programming) and data structure driven (including data-driven or data orientated, relational tables, or matrixes)

e) UML entity relationship diagrams are another dream that people had to model objects and relationships in computer systems that didn't pan out completely.

I have a number of ideas in this space. I think graphical user interface development is in its infancy still and all the approaches we use have shortcomings of some sort and I say this as a devops/software engineer as someone who only did a small amount of frontend development in previous roles. I've been loosely following the Rust desktop development progresses.

I desire system behaviour to be trivially easy to transform from one architecture to another architecture. This is my dream.

Take for example Postgres' process orientated model or an imaginary system that uses threads per network socket that you want to refactor to be multiple sockets per thread. The idea of "Late architecture" means we should be capable of transforming this model from one to another slightly different model without dramatic destructive code changes.

a) How do you model behaviour without tying it to a mechanism, so that it can be refactored easily. In Java we have interfaces or Rust we have traits.

b) If you have an extremely rich data model structure, is it flexible enough for future behaviour to be supportable? I feel that introducing plurality (1 to many) (many to many) is a pain point.

One of my ideas is that if you were to log the behaviour of a program with timestamps and implement a program that implements the same log, then its behaviours are identical.
Sure, but one can first pin the thread to a core, or a "don't move me between core types" flag could be added to OSes.
You are right. I edited the README, the crate will be soon published.
Good question: I see one way it may work and another it may not.

I think the profile of their users is less diversified: mostly tech savvy people. "Normies" are using those vpns advertised in YouTube, or not using any at all. This may result in similar interests and lower the number of unique queries.

On the other hand, we may produce more unique queries than other people: who will receive-use the cached "how to fix ValueError on main.py:67"?
I find this quite surprising. We use chip-scale atomic clocks in our equipment, and while expensive, it hardly seems out-of-reach for the type of customers who might be interested in underground surveying (mines, for example).
Why did you think it was a joke?
Thank you! I absolutely love making these, and have plans for several more.
It just seems like too many variables to make blanket statements.

I am at the point in life I am not on anyone's schedule and it is still highly variable.

I love naps but I slept great last night and pretty much woke up at the ideal time for me for the day. I can tell right now 20 minutes after getting up that I wouldn't be able to take a nap if I wanted to. On other days though, I could take a 2 hour nap that completely trashes my sleep schedule and I am up to 3am.
So from here, which SFF intel box should I look into? I want something relatively energy efficient and quiet.
Using a wireless controller for this is so funny, we need more grifters like them.
As far as I can tell there's no predictive search. UI is a simple search box, optional country selector dropdown and an "Only search in cache" checkbox. Smoke test shows the cache checkbox works - apparently nobody else has searched for "dog" in the US.

The country dropdown is interesting as far as the cache goes - not selecting a country is meaningful as far as the cache is concerned. My prior "dog" query in the US does not return hits if I don't select a country. Not selecting a country and searching the cache appears to return english results (with a few sample searches).

It's interesting that you can explore the cache with this checkbox. Not sure if there are any privacy concerns with this feature - considering cache searches are "free" you can kind of scrape what other users are searching for, maybe with enough users it doesn't really matter. I suppose there could be rate limiting and such to prevent this kind of attack, but that's just a guess.

It may be useful to have an option to opt-out your search from cache.
Yes, nothing like getting rid of high value employees that work for free.
> “You can interrupt each other without being rude when you’re in person,”

With a large pay increase and a promotion to “guy who remembers stuff so nobody else has to”, I would gladly come into the office and not feel like it was rude to be constantly interrupted.

But as it is, my job is “finish the work you asked me to do”, and constant interruption is quite rude, in-person or otherwise.
In my not so educated opinion, federated networks seem to be the way toward permanently fixing this issue. But, they don’t seem to be quite ready yet.

It is inevitable that Discord will also become terrible eventually, but they might be the last centralized social network.
I think it's mostly because think about how much wealth they are hoarding after donating, rather than the amount they are donating. Line of thinking is something like "Cool that you donated 1B but what about the rest of the 278B you have, what are you going to do with that?"

Not saying it's wrong or right, just outlining how I think a lot of people think with this type of philanthropy.
Operation K
I was curious
> The Avalance Effect

> Another way hash functions get evaluated is on something called the "avalanche effect." This refers to how many bits in the output value change when just a single bit of the input changes. To say that a hash function has a good avalanche effect, a single bit flip in the input should result in an average of 50% the output bits flipping.

I think it's important to note that this isn't a property that is necessary for a hash function, there are hash functions that deliberately try to minimize the avalanche effect, such as in locality sensitive hashing; which is another form of hash function that has different use cases that are also very cool.

You can use LSHs to for example remove near duplicate search results in a search engine without having to actually comparing the texts, even tolerating single-word differences; or to help with nearest neighbor searches.

A lot of what's written about hash function tends to assume you want to use them for whatever thing the author has in mind, it's not a unique fault of the author -- many textbooks have this problem, and add all these properties to them that are accidental to what a hash function actually is; it's really just a mapping function to a fixed width representation with an even distribution across the domain.
Then the temptation to drag the "bezels" is too great - I have poor impulse control.
The advantage of testing pressure vessels with water is that the failure mode is usually less bad than gas (because it doesn't expand through any breach like gas does).

Unfortunately a sub is the opposite of a pressure tank (the pressure is on the outside) so you need a pressure bottle bigger than the sub to test it in. I don't think these are common or easy to come by.
You should certainly be prepared to buy a new TV/monitor after 10 years of regular use, with OLED. If not burn-in or color drift, brightness is likely to decrease noticeably.
I like the idea, but the website seems to freeze instantly on mobile chromium, and I see a blurred chat with what seems like a lot of spam
Oh you're right. I had forgotten about that.

I think it's mostly an API legacy mistake. Close should probably return (bool, error).

Probably a remnant of coding in C wrt sentinel values.
Actually, “newsletter readers” exist in a form already with email-to-RSS.

https://kill-the-newsletter.com/
Building reliable background jobs and engineering workflows has almost always been challenging in any company I worked for, and I’m glad there is a company now who tries to excel the DX aspect of this problem.
Bay Area man accused of killing spree once worked at Google, court records show
On the other hand, I've been surprised just how often a simple "1=1 in a roundabout way" sanity test explodes in my face. The code people write is just that shit. And so is, often, my understanding of it. So I always like to keep around tests confirming we can shuffle some data back and forth on the "golden path" - they're good documentation, good at detecting broken refactors, ad well... if you're going to point out that a test effectively checks if String.equals() works OK - sure, but that's an implementation detail, to which the test is oblivious, and you should be too.
Zsh works fine with spaces and all other manner of weird whitespace, non-printable binary data, etc. The only unfortunate edge case where are you still need to quote things defensively is if a parameter is completely empty, then the entire word gets removed from the command if the expansion is not quoted.

Other shells are fun, but Z Shell already solved all the worst problems of parameter expansion years ago. If anything, you should be migrating your Bash scripts to Zsh even if you never switch your interactive shell.

That said, most of the problems here don't have much to do with parameter expansion and have more to do with the fact that text as a universal interface kind of sucks. Nushell and Powershell have better models here, but the latter lacks a convenient way to parse fixed-width tables so it's unfortunately frustrating to use with a lot of traditional Unix tools (there's no "ConvertFrom-Table" cmdlet, only "ConvertFrom-CSV").
This guide, just like your others, gave me the gift of several ‘ah-ha’ moments that not only helped hash maps click, but also several other linked concepts.

Thank you so much for making the time and effort to create such quality content.

Please keep producing more!
Why do you keep repeating 24 bits? It is way too much, even at 16 bits the dynamic range is far more than what you can reasonably hear (unless you want to damage your ears!) - especially if you are listening in a real world environment, and not in a completely silent room... Vinyl has a significantly worse dynamic range, yet it is loved by hi-end fans, sometimes even preferred to CD!

24 bits is useful for mixing various sources, but otherwise it is a waste of space.
Most of the large subs I see in this list haven’t actually “moved”. These new sites linked have very little (if any) content and the subs themselves are still very active.

Some of them seem legit, but a majority of what I clicked seem like random people trying to ride the drama and make their own spin-offs.
Wonder how it compares to other privacy-minding Google-proxies, such as startpage.com
In 2015, San Francisco required all new buildings of more than 100,000 square feet to have on-site recycling systems.

That is great news for all the ISO certified labs out there that need to perform the daily water quality checks.
Reduced yes, negligible not really.
Thanks for the comment! what were some of the most painful parts of this at the companies that you worked for?
Because you have to maintain it, you can't monetize it, and people are afraid of the legal trouble as well
I can't see the problem with reading a book a week. I see the problem with finding a book to read that is worth spending time on.
So we're talking about "alignment" problems and copyright?

It seems to be spitting out "Fear Litany" verbatim, so it seems like the model does indeed include copyrighted works. Giving rise to the idea that models actually are a form of compression and do contain copies of copyrighted works.
>dirty water

I meant more utility provided grey water. Meaning they still clean it up...just not all the way to drink quality. As with many things in life getting to those last few % to 100% are disproportionate and incrementally expensive/hard. So if you can flush toilets with 95% or whatever that's a win
my thoughts on revolt: it’s not decentralized so i don’t care

every company was cool and user-first before it became evil

only way for it to not become evil is for it to be decentralized
How does QueryPerformanceCounter measure time? [video]
How do you wake up in the middle of the night without artificial light? What are you doing at that time?
Same. Self hosted white noise. Forever.
We are naturally wired to be threat-aware. It enabled the species to survive.

That said, our current (media) environment knows this and loves pressing that button. Evidently, the media can't help itself either. It's wired to hoard (read: greed) and can't resist the cha-ching that follows the pressing of our collective buttons. I wonder if the NYT realizes the irony of it publishing articles such as this?

As a side note, I recently read "The Comfort Crisis" by Michael Easter. He does of solid job of mapping traits that helped us survive that are now working against us.
Representing Enums in PostgreSQL
Unrelated, but on a different thread you mentioned you'd be interested in hiring for your health tech startup. I've gone ahead and removed that thread as I'd gotten the advice I needed, but I'd still love to chat. Thanks.
I’m not sure Java has taken anything from C#. Most of its recent features have been taken from ML influences.
Optimal Subset Selection in C++ with OR-Tools Constraint Solvers
Many people misunderstand the difference between legal tax mitigation and tax avoidance.

If your country allows companies or individuals to not be taxed on assets they locate overseas somehow, that’s on your country, not on us. And it has nothing to do with the money being here. All we can do is ensure that money flows are transparent and legal, which we do.

We put a lot of effort into being the world’s safest and best neutral third party location, and sometimes companies which are orchestrating tax mitigation schemes put money here while doing so. But they’re not putting money in Cayman to hide it, they’re putting money here because if you need to put money somewhere here is the easiest place to put it.
Mullvad does have the happenstantial advantage that its userbase likely nowhere near as diverse as Google's, naturally following that the queries themselves are not as diverse. While Google fields requests across the full diversity of the globe, Mullvad's userbase likely skews toward middle-high income westerners with a STEM background searching in English. The types of queries these users are making are probably from a much narrower corpus of topics; I wonder what percentage of the queries revolve around privacy, Linux, software, typical hacker hobbies like woodworking, et cetera. This isn't to say that these are the only types of queries being made, but if you were to group Mullvad users into equivalently broad advertising cohorts, you'd probably end up with far fewer than Google's users.

The interests being more heterogeneous results in more similar queries, which would increase the proportion of cache hits. Whether this is enough to help make the strategy viable is another matter, but I do think it's worth noting.

I also wonder about the complexity of the queries themselves. The more technical users would probably use more complex combinations of operators, but they're also more likely to search by keyword rather than natural language.
There is a different land use tax. Agricultural land is taxed very little. And unincorporated land is taxed almost nothing. Since it's undeveloped it requires little in government resources. Now, stick houses and stores on it and you have to add water, sewage, traffic, police, fire, trash, and roads. And that does cost a lot for a government to provide.
Although, if its main selling point is “made with greywater”, maybe its just not that great of a drink regardless of the water used.
Ask HN: Why is the US ESTA Application so complex and slow?
why is the US ESTA Application so complex and slow? It takes more than 72 hours to get a result, costs 21 USD, and requires all kinds of obscure details such as detailed contact information to people in the USA. Has USA closed it's borders for tourists?
I think I had this idea about YouTube originally, but it could theoretically be applied to Reddit as well. A way to smooth the transition to a new platform could be to have a system that copies the posts automatically from the old one, and gives the account owner on the old system the option to claim the copied content for their new user on the new site.

Legal issues would probably make it a non-starter though.
> I'm surprised that Carmack seems to find this absurd. Am I super atypical? Or is he?

Carmack normal, light, workweek is 6 days working 10 hours a day, minimum.

it's him :)
incredible that China would supply components to build weapons systems for the US, once again demonstrating the PRC's irresponsible behaviour on the world stage
> This is a variation of what I might call the sycophant or nice guy paradox. The sycophant and the nice guy are desperate to be liked. They believe that if they prioritize pleasing people over the truth and what is morally right, they will be liked in return.

It's a huge stretch to conflate working longer hours with people who "prioritize pleasing people over the truth and what is morally right".

> When an employer sees that they can squeeze more work out of an employee for less money, then why bother paying them more?

The trick, of course, is to get a new, better job at a different company.
>"but never ever write a script for one. Use Python or Ruby or just about anything besides a shell."

And create a massive overhead because these python scripts just keep on breaking?
No thanks, shell has its issues but saying not to use them anymore in simple scripts any to much of a hot take for me. (but please note this is a very biased take on my park)

Unless you're of course only want to use perl scripts... those things will keep on running for decades without ever breaking (or being readable)
Many Americans have this fantasy about the communists owning the world and taking away their freedoms for the benefit of an elite few

Those same people see no comparison to reality where the billionaires own the world and take away their freedoms for the benefit of an elite few
I see. Risky play splitting it during the shaky reddit migration though.
They could combine it with the newspaper model and show 3 open posts to unregistered members before asking them to register. That way Google still allows full indexing.
Probably not pressurized much in the scale of things.

Humans are incompatible with nearly every gas at 13000feet/400 atm and beyond. Nobody has done it.

Cabin pressurization might get you to ~50atm, but that's around the extreme limit, so regardless of cabin pressurization the hull has to handle most of it.

Here's hoping it has and they can be found quickly.
I didn't know that, but it makes perfect sense after reading your explanation of it. Thank you, TIL!