skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
A file descriptor is a handle to a file, and anything you have an fd to is a file. This file carries a vfs implementation, such as that of pidfd, a device driver, or disk storage. The kernel does not distinguish between these.

If not being able to write makes it not a file, then files stop existing when a disk is full, and means that /dev/zero and /dev/null are not files - despite being at the heart of the whole "everything is a file" paradigm.

Pidfd was not made to make processes behave like files - that is what /proc is - but to solve problems with process related syscalls and PIDs, which are flawed and racey. The solution to that was to make APIs that treat processes as files, which gives you the ability to poll it like a file.

A streaming socket is exactly like a normal file. You read, write and poll. The only thing that is special is how to create it, but that is a design decision, not a technical limitation - see the plan9 file based API for making TCP sockets, which is trivially implementable in Linux.

Domain sockets are a bit different because of their side channel and would require more ctl files, but Linux's API is 99% magic files and ioctls so this is not that weird.

ioctls are not themselves bad design. In fact, scoping kernel functionality onto file handles is a great design and why that's almost the entirety of the kernel (device driver calls dwarf syscalls). The problem is not the design itself, but the fact that ioctl was not originally meant for it and got overloaded through several design iterations. This is what happens when you do organic design through more than 3 decades.

If you start out by defining a way to do file-scoped syscalls - and file does and always will mean "an fd" to a kernel - then you wouldn't have that awkwardness. That is what plan9 did: Take the learnings, and implement them clean instead of on legacy.
glad to see the other comments getting it right. relative pitch is a much more useful skill than perfect pitch.

this mom sounds insufferable.
I agree. With software being ever more embedded in our daily lives and ability to function in society, the stakes are very high, even in domains outside of physical products.

Social media has shown to be pretty destructive. I don’t think there are many low stakes areas for software. It’s all impactful and potentially harmful at scale.
crazy how many functions smart phones have and to see new ones develop is great
First, nuke that forum out of sight.
Milk is one of the healthiest foods you can eat. It is a complete food, meaning it has all essential nutrients for human nutrition, including protein, fat, carbs, essential vitamins and minerals. If you had to pick a single food to live off for the rest of your life, milk would definitely be in the top 3.
From the original Data Colada article (http://datacolada.org/109):

"We understand that Harvard had access to much more information than we did, including, where applicable, the original data collected using Qualtrics survey software. If the fraud was carried out by collecting real data on Qualtrics and then altering the downloaded data files, as is likely to be the case for three of these papers, then the original Qualtrics files would provide airtight evidence of fraud. (Conversely, if our concerns were misguided, then those files would provide airtight evidence that they were misguided.)"

It does not appear that Harvard found any evidence that they were misguided...
I would like to attempt an explanation. It boils down to learning complexity.

> why C is used in lieu of other "better-C" non-managed languages, such as C++, D, Nim, Rust, or Zig

I am a system admin. I do not earn my income writing code and therefore spend at most a few hours a week programming.
I've spent about 1000 hours writing C code in my life. About 200 hours of Golang. Years of Posix Shell. Years of Perl 5. I've had a little exposure to Java and C++ and Haskell. I have read a few examples of Rust.

C++ has a higher complexity than C. C++'s syntax is more powerful, it has an additional paradigm (the C++ template system), and if you mix in QT you have one more paradigm (QT preprocessor), it has a very wide ranging standard lib (which data structure do you use for lists? vector, dequeue, ...) augmented by QT and augmented by boost. C++ is huge. There is no way I will learn that in my professional life, I simply do not have enough hours of training left.
C++ is not a valid successor to C, because its complexity hinders acquiring the language.
Rust suffers the same complexity as C++. I will not have enough hours on my learning schedule to acquire a proficient level of Rust.

Golang is nice for me personally. The book "The Golang programming language" is only double the size of "The C programming language", which makes them comparable in complexity. I get stuff in Golang done faster than in C since I find debugging easier.

I have neither used NIM, nor D, nor Zig. All I can tell you is that C is sexy because the language is small and therefore one can acquire it in a life time -- without being a full time programmer.
About 1/3 of adult humans can digest milk. For the majority it is harmful. However the other third have evolved to digest milk as adults and it isn't harmful in the same way.

It is an intersting coincidence that ability to digest milk as an adult and fluency in English are correlated.
In a world where headsets are as ubiquitous as smartphones, what happens to social media like Discord, or Reddit?
The headline is clickbait even if technically accurate

> the order means it is illegal to move a giant African land snail or any "regulated article," including, but not limited to plants, plant parts, plants in soil, soil, yard waste, debris, compost or building materials, either within or outside of the quarantine area without first obtaining a compliance agreement
It is a big release, and the number of new stdlib packages (4) is relatively high for a Go release. That said, apart from the addition of some minor builtins (min, max, clear), the language isn't changing. That happened back in 1.18 with the introduction of generics.
https://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/blog/2017/01/using-transparenc...

https://www.dmca.com/FAQ/How-can-I-eliminate-fake-DMCA-Taked...
1: Why encourage that? Do you want a world where this happens so we're just stuck with Amazon's shitty practices indefinitely?

2: I'm pretty sure financial operations have hard rules against this behavior that could be ported here.

3: Isn't Google in a kerfuffle for almost exactly this?
I get by with latency numbers every programmer should know[0]. Knowing a bit about how cache sharing works is helpful some times[1].

[0] https://gist.github.com/hellerbarde/2843375?permalink_commen...

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_sharing
It's literally the only thing that matters to the question of whether or not it's an ad. Imagine telling your grandma 30 years ago you don't appreciate her advertising to you because she used a business as a navigational reference giving directions to her house. Absurd.
Union teachers in Massachusetts were among the worst. They used COVID to lobby hard to end the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) standardized tests.

https://www.masslive.com/news/2020/08/mass-educators-urge-pa...

Truly despicable.
I think most English native speakers would probably think of human bodily organs before the musical instrument, without context. I definitely did.

Apparently the multiple meanings were already present to some extent as far back as Ancient Greek: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BD%84%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%C...

It's kind of like '(useful) thingy'.

> Similarly I very recently learned the name of the flute-like instrument is called "recorder" :-(

That one bugged me a lot in elementary school, as I kept thinking "if it's called a recorder, it should record something!".
Your comments on this thread up to this point sound like a religious fanatic.

I greatly enjoyed reading.

Goes to show why it’s called “The C Religion”.
Sorry, I missed that you addressed the request for details in another branch. I was hoping to see a description of what their CPE was actually doing - metadata-based traffic shaping, throttling after a certain amount of usage, too small NAT table like ATT routers were famous for, just underpowered performance, or what. But now I understand you just investigated enough for your own purposes.

FWIW I think the DiffServ RFC explicitly acknowledges that the QoS marks are generally ignored across administrative boundaries. It was an extension of the earlier 4-level QoS priority, so by that time it was clear that transit networks weren't paying them much attention. What would be surprising is finding a consumer ISP that actually did something different when a customer set them.
> In this case it looks like enabling legislation. Dover isn’t giving Seaford’s corporations a vote. It’s giving Seaford the right to give corporations a vote.

What leads you to say this? I'm a layperson so I may be missing something, but the language that the bill adds as section 7(A)(2) seems like it is saying (property-owning) corporations are qualified voters, and 7(B) doesn't seem like it gives the city some discretion to decide among qualified voters who can actually register.
Name a license that is open source but not free software.
It appears to be a trend spreading among orcas.
It has a web browser. You can access anything you want via that, same as the phone.
It reminds me of a similar story about using deep learning on medical imagery for diagnosis. In one study, it supposedly learned the to tell which device was used to take the images. Apparently that was somewhat correlated with the results as more serious / heavily suspected cases were sent to a specific hospital in the region.
> protocol are quite different, that's kinda the point

I am not familiar with all those projects, but my understanding is that reddit's moats are:

- infra which can serve significant traffic over petabytes of content with search and recommendation on top of them

- they have bootstrapped content volume and communities

- they have monetization in place which pays for all infra and salaries

how far mentioned projects from that state?
is there a thing like rlwrap or "kakkeys" for zsh (or in the browser like vimium)? i use kak as my main editor, but i don't like to mentally switch to vi keys for anything else every time.
Kakoune is scripted over IPC, not bash scripts. The configuration language has some built in functionality for embedding bash scripts, and for smaller plugins or one-off personal customization, yeah you can do everything in a bash script.

But absolutely nothing forces you to implementing plugins as shell scripts! kak-lsp, which provides great integration with language servers, is written in rust. Peneira, a fuzzy finder tool, is implemented in python. People have written libraries for various languages that make interfacing with kakoune from your language of choice quite convenient.

The decision to make all extension functionality work over IPC instead of an embedded scripting language means everything that the editor is capable of can be controlled by any piece of software over a thoughtfully crafted and well-documented interface. Also the extensions people write for kakoune end up also serving as general purpose utilities that can be integrated into stuff other than kakoune.

I've always considered kakoune's approach to extensibility the main selling point of the editor. It has quite phenomenal plugin support for such a niche editor, and it's way easier to make your own plugin than it is with other editors because of how streamline the API is.
All maps are created with selective purpose.

The only thing that can possibly represent all purposes simultaneously is the world itself.

Accordingly, every map is also a compromise.
In situations like this, people should demand credible investigations, then wait quietly while that proceeds -- avoiding trial-by-Twitter and summary execution upon accusation.
And I heard that story and I said "pfft, surely I can do better than the last two suckers"...
What are the other 2?
> We adapt and grow.

Population is shrinking in the "post-connected" world
I'm with you until type inference comes into play. For example, I find the proliferation of "auto" in C++ code far uglier than Go's "foo := expression" syntax where most of the time you don't even need to specify a type. Since most modern languages include type inference, I can see why they are moving away from C-like syntax, even though I still prefer it in most cases.
Sarcasm and hyperbole are standard fare for El Reg. It's like if Linux was a British tabloid.
I understand Hinton’s credentials, and I personally believe there are serious threats posed by AI to society. But reading Hinton’s words made him come off, for lack of a better word, unhinged?

> I asked Hinton for the strongest argument against his own position. “Yann thinks its rubbish,” he replied. “It’s all a question of whether you think that when ChatGPT says something, it understands what it’s saying. I do.”

> “A few months ago, I suddenly changed my mind,” he said at the Cambridge event. “I don’t think there is anything special about people, other than to other people.”

> “I still can’t take this seriously, emotionally.

Who knows. I don’t want to simply dismiss his concerns, but he also doesn’t give as much as a single substantive thought as to nature of the threat or possible solutions. Frankly, he sounds more like someone having a personal existential crisis than someone rationally assessing an existential threat to humanity.
This obstacle is nothing at all compared to what's to come. If you pursue any such project, you will someday laugh that you ever asked this question. I'll laugh with you (not at you) - everyone has been there.

It says nothing about the value of your product. You'll receive a million actual rejections - aggressive, demaning rejections - by people who actually try out your product, and a million more from people who say they did. Look up stories of all the successful people and the rejections they got and still get. You're just getting started! :) Consider this experience a very gentle on-ramp.

FWIW I'm not surprised at all by this response. It's easy to have a conversation with someone and socializing is enjoyable. But if someone asked me to test a new application (and I associate new apps with many additional difficulties) and provide feedback, I would dread it and associate it with a big shift of attention, lots of labor, and maybe an attempt to get free labor. If I had a close relationship or an obligation, I'd put the request on my todo list for when I had time and energy for such a thing - likely never!

Also, maybe they don't think you are open to feedback. That would be valuable to learn. Maybe you need to learn how to communicate your idea better. A video demo maybe?
Go goes NOT have sum types. I'm not sure Zig technically does, but is close enough.
I don't have any evidence to back that up, nor am I expert on the topic.

But I find that dirt (and outside shoes) is usually fine, you will find more dangerous bacteria in door knobs, coins, etc. Basically everything your hand touches has a higher risk of getting you sick.

That doesn't hide the fact that having a dirty floor looks gross though, from a aesthetic standpoint
https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/exp/slog#hdr-Levels seems to fall into the same trap that drives me _starkraving_ about the 18,000 different(!) golang logging packages: there doesn't seem to be a sane way of influencing the log level at runtime if the author doesn't have the foresight/compassion to add a command-line flag or env-var to influence it. A similar complaint about the "haha I log json except this other dep that I import who logs using uber/zap so pffft if you try to parse stdout as json"
The book comes across as being very anecdotal....it is easy to mold anecdotes to whatever point of view you are trying to get across. In their zeal to find hard facts to back up their theories, did they play hard and fast with the rules?
I don't believe they controlled for vitamin D status. The line has always been you need k and d in sufficient levels to get calcium to the right place so I'm not surprised that one or the other causes problems (although I do really want to see someone redo this with people with clinically validated moderate vitamin d levels).
When someone sends a DMCA notice, they state that "under penalty of perjury, they are authorized on behalf of the copyright holder". That is the only part that they can get in trouble for. Whether the work is identified correctly or not is irrelevant.
a private notes text file is completely different content, let alone UX, from a visual board that everyone uses
Clickbait or not, I do enjoy the idea of people in these counties locked inside hiding from big armored slugs.
Except Tether, the largest stablecoin, can freeze and blacklist addresses, they have total control and can arbitrarily freeze your funds.
I've heard that Amazon is a horrible place to work. Execs crying at their desks, and delivery drivers and warehouse workers being forced to piss in bottles or wear diapers in order to keep their jobs. I don't imagine that coders have it that much better. Layoffs at amazon are in the news all the time. There have been reports of 150% annual turnover with the average employee leaving shortly after 6 months. Employees have said they use stack ranking and cull many of those who do stay. I expect a lot of amazon employees are very far from happy with where they are. Some probably have skills that can get them better jobs, but I'll bet it's harder for the guys doing front end web design who are ordered to implement dark patterns in an effort to trick amazon users into signing up for things they don't want.
Wrong according to the FSF:

https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.en.html#apache2

https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.en.html#X11License

https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.en.html#FreeBSD
Quite frankly, he looks like everything I would expect from a pop psychologist attached to a business school. The Hetrodox Academy he founded has this criticism:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterodox_Academy

"According to Vox's Zack Beauchamp, Heterodox Academy advances conservative viewpoints on college campuses by playing into or presenting the argument that such views are suppressed by left-wing bias or political correctness. Commenators such as Beauchamp and Chris Quintana, writing in The Chronicle of Higher Education, have disputed Heterodox Academy's contention that college campuses are facing a "free-speech crisis," noting the lack of data to support it and arguing that advocacy groups such as Heterodox Academy functionally do more to narrow the scope of academic debates than any of the biases they allege."

Seems like someone whose success is supported, and views are amplified because they conveniently align to people with money.
As an alternative to gc you can page through selections with parens and alt-space to dismiss individual selections.

And that’s great, it means kakoune is capable of accomplishing the same task via an equivalent multiple-cursors trick.

But it’s not the way my mind works. It forces me to go through and prune the set of cursors before I start making the substitution. I don’t want to do that! I want to write the text of the substitution first (for the common case) and then y or n to yay/nay each substitution because often I don’t know (and don’t want to think about) everything my search pattern matched.

its also easier to compose filters, eg matching all lines that contain regex A and B regardless of order

I can count on one hand the number of times I really needed to do that in the two decades I’ve been using vim.

This is really the crux of the issue with Kakoune. It takes the good enough philosophy of vim’s composable count-motion-commands and tries to achieve apotheosis with a visual-motion-multiple-cursors scheme. In search of the perfect tool to let an octopus to edit the file everywhere at once, it leaves us humans behind. It also ignores the lessons of “Worse is Better” [1] in pursuit of philosophical purity.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worse_is_better
I think they do this in Europe. I believe that there is still loss of some security. With email only you could loss all your accounts.

So, while I mostly agree overall, especially with respect to silly little things that aren't likely to hurt anyone, I do think there's a compelling case for password and 2factor.

As it stands, you have to know something and have something. Making it so you only need to have something is better than making it so they only know something.

However, that second factor seems like a good idea; though I will admit that it's probably unlikely that a thief would have the motivation to crack your phone to get your email; is this even easily achievable?
Whoa, so, has anyone written a compiler to compile a high-level language to this architecture target?
Free Course: Building LLM-Powered Apps
And my general experience with anti vaxers is that they generally look into more resources and research and put much more thoughts into their decisions than a regular person. Which I generally view as a positive quality. I put much more value on the process by which a person reached his decisions than whether they were correct in one particular instance.

Ah. The, “they did their research” and “read lots of words” retort. It’s ok that almost all of it is wrong. What matters is that they read a lot. They thought a lot about it! The thoughts were completely wrong but quantity over quality, right?

Consider this. What does it say about you that you think people with no knowledge of or training in virology can legitimately said to have conducted research into the efficacy of vaccines?

I have not successfully been fooled into thinking that people are dumb. All of us are dumb in certain areas. All of us can be manipulated. All of us are susceptible to false information. (Read up on the Gell-Mann amnesia effect as an example of this.)

It is absolutely an intelligent trait to rely on the expert knowledge of others. Hence, flat earthers are incredibly dumb. The knowledge that the Earth is spheroidal has been known for many hundreds of years. Another example. Almost everyone knows that 1+1=2 despite the fact that very few people can actually prove it. It is not intelligence to question this fact. It is intelligence to ask how to prove it and even more intelligence to understand the proof.

An intelligent person doesn’t question the efficacy of vaccines. The evidence of their efficacy is plain to see by the fact that polio is virtually nonexistent. An intelligent person asks why are vaccines effective. How do they work? Etc.

Any fool can ask questions. Asking the right questions requires some perspicacity.
Ruby Hacking Guide (2004)
There's more than just registers and flip flops there. The 74HC08 is a quad 2-input and gate, and the 74HC32 is a quad 2-input or gate. Arguably the demuxes (74HC138 and 74HC139) are simply combinatorial logic too.

But I'm of the opinion that the lack of an integrated logic ALU still makes it cute enough for discussion and praise, despite the anachronism of it's constituent components.
Portability, minimal size, and speed are all priorities. Building with Rust allowed us to really focus on all of these for both WebAssembly and OS binaries.

For example, if you go to the playground that we publish on every push to main (https://microsoft.github.io/qsharp/), and open the Developer Tools to see the network traffic, you'll see that our WebAssembly module is just 1.5MB (504kb over the wire) - which includes the not just the language (parser, type system, IR, etc.) but also the runtime interpreter and quantum simulator.

Similarly, for the native tools, on my MacBook (i.e. ARM64) the command line compiler ("./target/release/qsc") is 3.9MB, which is entirely standalone with no dependencies.

We do have many features to add, so I'm sure those will grow a bit, but we are focused on keeping things as small, portable, and fast as a general principal.