skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Not really. The West Lothian Question is "why can Scots vote on English laws but not vice-versa?", which wasn't true at the time it was asked (1977), and especially isn't true now.

Firstly, note that all constituent countries elect MPs to the UK's Westminster parliament, because there are many laws that affect the entire country, and are controlled centrally.

Between 1707 and 1997 (20 years _after_ asking the question!), _all_ laws for Scotland were made in Westminster, and voted on by _all_ MPs. Laws for Scotland get their own bills because Scotland retains its own legal system. Likewise Northern Ireland, but _not_ Wales. Wales shares the same legal system as England, which is why the phrase "England and Wales" appears often.

Since Scottish devolution, certain powers were _reserved_ for Westminster, and the rest of the laws for Scotland are now made in a separately elected Scottish parliament. But there are still plenty of laws which affect Scotland, sometimes _exclusively_ affect Scotland due to the reserved powers having the ability to override choices that Scotland has made for itself. Those laws are still made in Westminster, English MPs can still vote on them and easily win, and so Scots still need representation in the Westminster parliament.

The main part of the West Lothian question, which is where there are sometimes laws that _exclusively_ affect England and Wales, why do Scottish MPs get to vote on them?, was handled by the Scottish MPs voluntarily not voting on them. They managed to do this for centuries without any formal process. Then after the 2015 election, the UK government brought in the EVEL process (English Votes for English Laws), which gave English MPs a "veto" on laws that only affected England. Since the pandemic, Westminster chose to drop EVEL, presumably because the voluntary system of Scottish MPs abstaining from voting on England-only bills worked just fine!

What's relevant for this discussion is that _London_ has an elected mayor, which makes it a special case. It has its own autonomy, within England, which supposedly doesn't have any special carve outs unlike Scotland/Wales/NI... in reality, it has quite a few: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directly_elected_mayors_in_Eng...
Mobility scooters can be dangerous. Also, the rioting insurrectionist revolutionaries that dropped dead of heart attacks could have caused a tripping hazard.
You say that, but it’s how most companies operate unfortunately.
How is putting 10% of your salary each paycheck NOT dollar-cost averaging?

Let's assume you're just buying a broad-based index fund. The same amount of money buys fewer shares when the index is up, and more when it's down. That is the very definition of DCA.
This is from the same person who made SponsorBlock[0] for YouTube, which strips in-video advertising and sponsored segments.

[0] https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/sponsorblock/
Gren – an Elm fork
OK great, a couple further questions:

> A volume by itself doesn't have a center of mass.

Why not? This seems like something we could calculate in an invariant way (I have not actually tried coming up with an expression; this is a solicitation for context, not a claim). Also, to be clear, I am talking about a volume with some non-homogenous mass distribution. Maybe you draw a boundary around a solar system or something. Can we not come up with an invariant expression for the CoM of everything within that boundary?

> Such a "universe", in the numerical simulations, will not be expanding.

OK, this seems important. I never made it much past SR in undergrad, so this is a hole in my comprehension. Is the expansion of the universe directly deducible from GR? My understanding was that an expanding universe was one of the admissible solutions under GR, but is it the only admissible model for a universe that looks like ours? If so, what's the relevant difference between our universe and the toy model I mentioned, that causes GR to predict that our universe expands and the toy one doesn't?
This article strangely cites the cost of the Mac Pro with M2 Ultra. You can get the same M2 Ultra in a Mac Studio starting at $4000.
Banning is equivalent to an infinite price. Better off setting a very high price, such that the revenue is far higher than the negative externality
Generate as few tokens as possible, GPT4 is running a few times to generate a single answer and latency quickly becomes the biggest UX issue.

We abandoned most of the common thinking around chain of thought reasoning, finding it didn’t help accuracy much whilst increasing response times significantly.

Full write up to follow in next week or so.
Would love an invite too! Looks like a great community
You'll always be able to imagine cases where a broad toll doesn't perfectly align with a narrow goal, why even waste energy listing them out?

Instead consider how you get the toll to actually do something: in the case of a congestion charge it's by making driving in Manhattan expensive enough to reduce how much it happens for as many people as possible.

Regardless of the corner cases you can imagine, there are more people who drive an M4 that would be unaffected by a $20 charge rate than there are people who drive an 430i. So increase the cost for the people with M4 and you've made your toll strictly more effective... even if there are people who can afford M4s and chose to drive a 430i.
As another user posted at least in Germany the laws were changed to account for this.
Back sometime in the early 2000's, the south was under a pretty bad drought. Especially Texas, my wife and I took a flight from DFW to TUL and were shocked at all the dark brown landscape. We even drove over to visit Arkansas, if you've never been, it's a beautiful green, lush state. But back then things were so bad even trees were dying.

During this time, I worked with a guy who had about 200 acres of prime land which bordered a good size river. When he noticed the predicted drought, he sold what cattle he owned and planted all his fields with hayseed. The following summer he had semi trucks lined up to buy his round bails, mostly from Texas and Kansas. He made more on hay that year then he made at the job we worked, which then was 70K per year. Last fall another farm friend of mine at work told me the OK agriculture association says that grains and grass will possibly be in short supply this year. I'm a city dweller, but I stocked the pantry just in case. (Not with grass :-) )
Definitely agree with all of them. I didn't work at places that valued testing until fairly recently and I'm absolutely shocked that I was able to get by as long as I did without it (plenty of incidents and bugs were involved though).

Every book I've read on software develop always hits on testing and I can't believe I ignored it for so long saying "but my code is hard to test". Then it's your code's fault. If you can't write tests because the code isn't structured to do so, that means your code has bad structure IMO (I'm sure there are situations where this is trickier but they're the minority). The amount of bugs I produce has dropped dramatically since I started writing tests for almost all my code. Seriously a career changing thing that was pretty obvious but I just ignored.
> I need to use a shim to reach the PCI-E latch.

Similar here, there's not much room left when you've got a NH-D15 and EVGA 3080 Ti FTW3 installed.

This is more of an inadequacy on the part of motherboard manufacturers, though. PCI-E latches don't have to be terrible… look at the system Apple uses in their 2019 and 2023 Mac Pro towers for example which remain accessible regardless of what you have installed.
I know I am stereotyping, but you're describing for me exactly why he was probably emotionally immature.

Maybe related to something like Piaget's theory of cognitive development, I believe that if you advance too fast intellectually, there are other things, developmentally, that are trodden on, or left completely behind.
This is flame-baity but honestly what Id also expect. No one is going to invest in developing IDEs for this thing to rival VS Code or whatever if Apple wants a stranglehold on its ecosystem. Maybe there will be extensions to existing editors since people can ise it as a display extension for their macs. We didn’t see this happen on windows with game dev and the quest though.
So whats the issue? I can create exactly what I want instead of what is available.
The reliability rankings are determined by surveying people and asking them the frequency of repairs.

Assuming my paper airplane never goes into the shop it’s going to outrank the F-18.

Ain’t a better plane though.
Haha yes... but I've learned just to live with it. I don't know why, but I kinda have to devote 20-40% of my week to procrastination.

Otherwise I would have no karma on HN!
Well the road infra has also been invested in heavily. Dutch highways are the best
Shocked by how easy it was to convince liberals that the Espionage Act was a wonderful thing. The ACLU was started to oppose it.
Can’t wait for soulless 24/7 grocery store robot music /s
Today's The Daily WTF is very direct, usually just one intro paragraph and then the wacky code or process. Maybe more your speed?
What does it cost to train a 6.7B transformer from scratch. Not considering any data preparation because that would be highly variable. Is this realistically possible for mere mortals? How long until it'll become a national past time?
Dennis Muilenburg.

189 people: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion_Air_Flight_610

157 people: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_Airlines_Flight_30...

That's 346 people killed.

Here's an article about his being fired in disgrace after this: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/23/business/Boeing-ceo-muile...
Musicianship already isn’t a profitable enterprise for most, and yet kids continue to learn piano and get good enough to go to Julliard. I doubt that will change.
The Irish Mastodon instance is very well funded for a volunteer effort https://opencollective.com/mastodonie
That's why they should have eaten the bullet: ipv6 and tcp, only.
$350 motherboard, $800 CPU, $200 RAM, $150 NVME, $100 cooler, $150 PSU, $200 case. $1750 + CA tax is about $1900.

You could easily add another $1K by going crazy with RAM and NVME storage.
Not after a nuclear war.
Correct. The law states that as long as your front wheels are in the intersection prior to the light turning red, you should proceed through the intersection. Inexperienced drivers that either stay in the intersection or try to reverse into traffic behind them are breaking the law and create a huge hazard for others.

Even if the light for opposing traffic turns green while the turning car is still clearing the intersection, opposing traffic is legally required to wait and not enter the intersection until opposing traffic has cleared the intersection.
Free and immediate. You answered your own question.

All things equal, people are happy to support local businesses. The value prop here is far from equal.
I think they may be being downvoted not because their opinion is different but because usability of the web UI is possibly the least important attribute in choosing a cloud provider for a lot of people given the use of tools such as terraform.
Okay, let me point out the funny part to you.

The CIA is still a piece of shit organization that has performed disgusting acts all over the world, and we don't even know about all of them (but, to be fair, the ones we don't know about shouldn't count in our opinion of the org). To talk about how Ted K. being a target of the CIA's MKUltra program as a "conspiracy theory" and "CIA FUD" seems laughably absurd, not because you may be correct that Kaczynski was never experimented on by the CIA, but rather because we know for a fact that MKUltra happened.

So on the one hand, we have an organization that drugged and tortured people as part of an experiment, and on the other, we have a potential lie that Ted Kaczynski was one of the people on whom they experimented. You're getting upset about the latter in order to defend the organization doing the former from "FUD."

You've literally chosen to stand up against "CIA FUD" to assert that even though the CIA performed these psychological torture experiments on people, Ted Kaczynski was not one of them! Or perhaps you don't believe MKUltra ever happened, I don't know.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CIA_controversies

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MKUltra

> Project MKUltra (or MK-Ultra)[a] was an illegal human experimentation program designed and undertaken by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), intended to develop procedures and identify drugs that could be used during interrogations to weaken people and force confessions through brainwashing and psychological torture.[1][2][3][4] It began in 1953 and was halted in 1973.
AI to create a clone of yourself for your followers to chat with
I just built this as a side project. It seems like passive, AI-generate content is the natural next step in social media after the Patreon-kind.

Please take a look and let me know what you think.
Wouldn't that just eventually come to the same ends as Reddit though? Especially if it becomes popular, the eventual costly server bill would follow
> prepared to take control immediately

I don't think that's correct. I've seen "in a certain amount of time" but you make it sound like it's a safety issue, which it's not, that being a key differentiation from a L2 system. When it can't drive it stops driving and you have to drive. If it's not a safety issue you could conceivably bee sleeping, as long as you can wake up in a timely manner.

The SAE makes it clear that the car is driving at L3, and on that basis you would expect the transition to another driver would be graceful, just like with two human drivers.
I am referring to the 1997 Founding Act on Mutual Relations, Cooperation and Security between NATO and the Russian Federation. It was signed in May 1997 during NATO summit in Paris. At the next summit in July, the first former Warsaw Pact countries were invited into NATO. Official negotiations began in September.

I see no conflicts with commonly accepted definitions of conspiracy theory: "a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators" (Merriam-Webster).

How did former Warsaw Pact countries end up in NATO?

According to conventional understanding, former Warsaw Pact countries seeked political, economic and military security through cooperation in international organizations ranging from Council of Europe to NATO.

According to the conspiracy theory, NATO and Russia made a secret deal to divide Europe, but the USA did not keep their side of the deal, intentionally misled Russia and forced Warsaw Pact countries into NATO in order to encircle, attack and destroy Russia.
Depends on how you mean it. Having your own solar panels or solar hot water, definitely. Although I personally think that a grid hookup should have some minimum cost to cover infrastructure at least, and selling electricity back from your home to the grid should be at a wholesale price not your full retail for receiving electricity since that covers technical glitches and incentivizes the grid to carry it.

Utilities going renewable: not realistically, though maybe romantically. It's more about the ecological impact.
Tangential, but I think strong social skills are very important if you want to improve as a software engineer. Examples of strong social skill would be being able to set project direction, set up cross team collaborations, communicate impact, mentor and grow your colleagues, etc. Exclusively having strong technical skills can lead you down the "evil genius" archetype, where you're able to deliver technically complex software, but in a way that alienates contributors and collaborates (ie Haskell elitists).
If it's improving, it sure isn't including me. It's been 14 months since getting laid off and all I'm getting are rejection e-mails, scams that say I got a position without any interviews, and recruiters who call/e-mail me ranting about how I "wasted [their] time if [I] wasn't qualified". Trying to get hired via referrals went nowhere because everywhere was doing layoffs. Several interviewers have told me post-interview that apparently side projects aren't counting anymore but the years of work experience do. Sorry I graduated with my bachelors' in back in '19.
The other angle is future deterrence. If a society collectively shuns ideals from violent terrorists, they will have less incentive to be violent.
I always liked the abbreviated commands in M and always wondered why no other programming language (that I've used anyway) has adopted it.
Unfortunately, incident response was the first thing that I thought of also. You might be an SRE if? :-)
I've taken both the Underground and the MTA and you're overstating the difference. Aesthetically, the Underground is far better, no question. But most commuters are focused on functionality. And functionally the MTA is just as good, if not better.

The trains run extremely frequently - every few minutes during the day on weekdays. The parallel local-express tracks give the MTA a big speed advantage. And the inside of the MTA trains are extremely spacious compared to the Underground.
I don't understand what this is for. The result of the forum not serving its purpose for Clairol is that Clairol destroys the community, deletes every conversation ever had on it, and the people who participated on it never speak to each other again.

Forum members only have "rights" under some definition of rights where they grant you absolutely nothing.
I have a Model 3 in Europe with the so-called FSD, and it’s mostly terrible. I regret paying for it. The car often doesn’t understand even speed limit signs, so it fails at the bare minimum of safety.

Recently I visited LA and a friend gave me a drive in their Model 3. The difference in sensor interpretation quality was massive compared to what I see back home. That gave me hope of my aging Model 3 still seeing improvements… But also a nagging suspicion that Tesla may have spent a lot of manual effort on data labeling and heuristics for LA roads specifically, and the results may not be easily scalable elsewhere.
>Every Fediverse instance I've used - and I've used quite a few - has been either so small that the total cost is a few dollars a month, or fiscally sustained by donations from users.

And that is somehow invalidating what I have said? Sure, if you have 10 users then your costs are going to be negligible and you can probably sustain it from your own pocket or donations.

But good luck running a larger/popular service like that. There are reasons why the more popular Mastodon servers had to stop accepting new users after the Twitter/Musk fiasco - it was simply not sustainable for the one-man operator crews.
> MUMPS is a procedural language with a built-in NoSQL database.

Right. MUMPS has a key/value store where values can contain more key/value pairs. You can thus construct arbitrary trees. It's possible to hang new data items onto arbitrary places in the tree. Like JSON and XML. This is useful for medical work, which doesn't fit well into the SQL model. MUMPS eventually got transactions and ACID properties, so that multiple updates to the database interlocked properly.

If you needed that kind of data storage today, what would you use?
I think AI will eventually need symbolic processing, for exactly the same reason that human intellectuals need, and engage in, symbolic processing.

Imagine AI evolves to human-like intelligence. It wants to do math. How does it do that? Pencil and paper? Clumsily interfacing with some computer algebra system? It would be better for it to have access to an integrated symbolic processing system in its own "head" where it can try ideas and get exact answers.

Sufficiently advanced AI (smarter than human) could make advances in symbolic processing.

AI is solving certain problems now better than we were able to do with symbolic processing, but that's not necessarily a limitation of symbolic processing, but of our abilities.

Things we don't know how to do symbolically, AI might be able to figure out how to do symbolically. That could be computationally cheaper than neural nets, and produce more accurate results within its niche. AI could integrate that to improve itself.

Symbolic processing has something to say.

There is a huge abstraction inversion in training hundreds of milions of neurons to do some simple symbolic processing problem that could be done with a small program using a few kilobytes of RAM.
Incorrect. As long as your front wheels pass the stop line prior to the light turning red, you are legally driving through the intersection and should continue and clear the intersection on the other side (not stop in the middle).

Imagine how crazy the law would be if this were the case:
- Light changes from green to yellow 1ms before your front wheels pass the stop line
- Other direction traffic runs a red light and hits you from the side
- You're now somehow liable because your wheels entered the intersection with zero ability to react quickly enough (no human can react in 1ms and no car can stop that fast) and the other driver that clearly blew a red is not?

That would be pants on head crazy, tbh...
Actually, on my custom elf/linux distro, I have neither systemd nor sysvinit.

But one is grotesquely and absurdely bigger and kludgier than the other one, so this is more about choosing the lesser evil...
React doesn't have i18n
That depends a lot on the license - some require attribution, some don't, some care not a bit (in that they don't permit copying).
Agreed, we need to be honest about which problems we are actually trying to tackle.

Decentralization doesn't tackle the "how do we long term maintain a social network" problem. No decentralized protocol does. Which means, ultimately, these servers are slowly being turned off by their owners in 10 years or whatever the case, and we're back at it with "how do we solve the current problem of online forums disappearing?"
We know already...

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36061772

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36136705

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36143926

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36156908

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36233472

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36238822

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36248328

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36255901

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36261519

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36263581

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36267639
FYI: Not unique to Tesla, I get plenty of sudden slowdowns when riding Cruise.
Regressive if you ignore all of the other costs associated with driving.

Drivers always love to make this argument, but it presupposes that everyone already owns and insures a car.

At the end of the day it’s car dependence that is regressive.
If you can, close slack while writing code - someone will call or tap you on the shoulder if there is an emergency.
Both of us seem to agree that there is such a thing called capitalism.
Compared to the rest of the world maybe, compared to the rest of the US, I struggle to think of anywhere better.
The benefits are why people would pay the price of the negative externalities. If not deemed to be worthwhile, there are other means of transportation that have less negative externalities.
The messaging I saw in NYC when the ban was coming in was all about carbon footprint. Do you think the reason is reducing plastic pollution? Because it went up in Australia after their plastic bag ban, since those plastic bags were replaced by heavier plastic bin liners:

https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/plastic-bag-...

I think the "bailey" of plastic bag ban proponents is the sea life that gets stuck in plastic bags, but there is no way they would have gotten a ban passed on the back of the impact to sea life.