skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: Senior software engineers, what are CS areas you are bad at?
Recently, I have been thinking a lot about the gaps in basic CS areas like networking, computer architecture, operating systems.

Regardless of how very often high level programming languages abstract away such fundamental knowledge, it still feels wrong not to know how web servers work under the hood.

My approach is similar to what Julia Evans does (except that I don't write about it in such a talented way as she does). Whenever there is something I don't understand, it becomes a small investigation.

What are some areas that you don't understand but would like to know better?
Hackers Can Shut Down Gas Stations with One Command
Disclaimer: my understanding below, but I don't work in the industry and haven't looked at this for a long time, so things might be wrong or have changed.

SPV is created which owns the loans and issues the securities. Securities are issued with varying degrees of seniority. Each tranche is rates by a ratings agency (Fitch or whoever). SPV may enter into derivatives contracts to reduce some tail risks, because these allow more of the tranches to have higher ratings.

Buyers are often restricted to buying above a certain rating. I don't think they do their own modelling of individual MBS.
"New firmware-based battery charge control, which offers fixed a 75%/80% threshold setting. To use this, you need to update your system firmware to at least version 13.0, which you can do by simply updating your macOS partition to at least that version or newer. This new charge control method also works in sleep mode."

This is interesting, am I correct in thinking this a feature implemented by Apple and now supported by the Asahi team? Does that mean that macOS supports this charge control feature?

I really hope Apple brings the same charge limiting to iPhone as well.
Someone's gone and done it. My god.

You crazy bastard. I love you.
So they say. As we've learnt over the years, what can we truly trust? How can we verify that these promises are kept? I read a good HN comment before, which could be inspiration for a comic or TV series: "Who watches the watchers?"
> Apple cannot come out and officially support another operating system of course

Why?
I had a significant amount of equity. Take most of the numbers with a grain of salt.
The Golden Rule is that you should do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Not as they do do unto you.

Applying a consistent moral code even when it puts you at a competitive disadvantage is what makes it a moral code in the first place. If you only stick to your morals when it's advantageous to do so then they're not your morals at all!
As OP points out, most of these protests are time boxed, so Reddit has probably done the math and feels it can easily weather this very temporary loss.

If the protest was "We're shutting down our subreddits indefinitely" they might actually motivate Reddit Corporate to take action.

It's like a worker walkout, except one where employees just take a long-ish lunchbreak to wave signs around, and then go right back to working. What's the point? Aint no corporation gonna care about that.
Was it someone that works on Chrome, or just a random Googler? As a reminder, Google employs 190,711 people (as of last SEC filing).
Can you play doom on it?
Aluminum is about 3x the weight of ABS, but is significantly stronger. It’s not at all obvious that any weight could be ‘shaved’ while still making the device as durable.
The 'right' solution would be to just use system codecs for everything. Many apps need good implementations of image codecs. They just need to be implemented once by the OS vendor (or the toolkit on Linux).

Now somebody is going to say that's bad because it will fragment the ecosystem, and people will rely on something that works on one platform but not another. But you know what, that's not much different from something that works in one browser and not in another. Just file a bug against your OS. There are only finitely many image formats in the world. I'm sure Qt, .NET, Cocoa, ... have every format that you could conceivably need, and if not it should be easy to add them once.
Maybe this?

https://huggingface.co/spaces/HuggingFaceH4/open_llm_leaderb...
Still looking for the explosions...
They are not. There are many available actual Wankels in multiple sizes and power outputs. They ALL provide far better power-weight ratios — like 2.4X better — than this still-in-development-after-a-decade+ 'product'. More details in other post.
Well, as an Oculus customer I can say that the Apple vision is far far from Meta one, beyond what, with all due respect, Carmack thinks about Meta failures.

Apple includes a complete vision of an operating system on a new device while Meta vision is much narrow: run VR apps in a VR device (which runs Android). In the vision of Apple you will run the same, again the same!, apps but with a new experience in a new form-factor. In addition of that you will run the obvious specific apps. I imagine that they will launch GarageBand anytime and use a piano or guitar in VR. Microsoft tried to bring a new operating system for multiple form factors (e.g. tablet) which turns to be an messed UX. I really don't think many people understand the Apple edge.

Also, I think the Meta apps strategy is completely catastrophic: I don't see a significant amount of apps in their ecosystem. When Nintendo, Microsoft (Xbox), and Sony launch a new device they have a good list of games in the pipeline.

I can also add that I contacted several people at Meta about a specific VR initiative and nobody answered...
> And you think they're making it smaller? Big ol' "citation needed" on that one.

I don't owe you a citation for my opinion.
My dude, that's what they have when they actually arrive at their destination. We're talking about what they do on the plane, or in their hotel room.

Or, perhaps easier to picture, when they're on vacation on a beach in Tahiti. They could be chauffered 20 minutes back into town to a "secure workspace" in order to have a five-minute call where someone back at their HQ [where it's the middle of the night] briefs them on a screen... or they could go into their cabana, strap this thing on, have the five minute meeting right then and there, and then go back to sipping Mai-Tais.

Executives already make this choice, this way, right now. This choice is the reason that the iPad Pro has traditionally had better "stuff" for teleconferencing than the MBP does: the iPad Pro is — or was — the thing Apple most clearly marketed to executives. Right now, executives take out the iPad Pro to take that quick cabana video-call.

For this use-case, the Apple Vision is just a one-up to everything the iPad Pro is already allowing them to do. It's more secure (nobody can watch the presentation over their shoulder); it gives the presenter back at HQ more visual field to work with to make their point; it's more discreet in how it presents them in video calls (i.e. if they're calling in while laying naked on a massage table, that won't be reflected in their 3D-model recreation); etc.

---

More realistically, though, ignore the F500 CEOs. I have a feeling that I know exactly who this was built for — and it's not them. Apple engineers aren't any more in love with the idea of serving the needs of executives than anyone else is. They throw them a bone now and then, but they have other things in mind when building the core of each product.

Now picture this: you're an Apple hardware engineer who wants to work remotely, but you were forced to work-from-office due to not just the secrecy around the Apple Vision project you're on, but also the collaboration benefits. (It's currently basically impossible to review 3D models for "feel" on a laptop; you need either a big bulky 3D TV, or some other company's big bulky HMD setup. Neither of which travels well.) But your dream? Your dream is that you can figure out a way to do everything you're currently "doing better" by being in the office — reviewing and collaborating on 3D models of the new hardware, for one important thing — while on vacation in Thailand, sitting in your rented condo, on the couch. No need to also be paying for time at a coworking space (or to even be in a town large enough to have those); the HMD is the coworking space. As long as you have wi-fi, you can do everything the engineers back at Apple HQ can do.
> None of them could match the flexibility, ease of use, and throughput of SQLite.

It sounds unbelievable that you couldn't append some CSV or binary record to file via an open file descriptor more efficiently than inserting into SQLite.

(It's clear that to have the data already in SQLite form saves post-race steps.)
The perception as two sides: the signal, and how it's processed. The signal is real and true just by it's existence. Note that this also applies with self-generated signal such as phantom limbs.

For the processing, the subjective part of the perception, lot of things falls appart, attaching any notion of reality and trustiness looks like a choice to enable some lines of reflection. A choice heavily oriented by our own experience of existence, nobody wants to see themselves as a bag of more or less working heuristics with conscience as meta processing and data acquisition for self-correction mechanism.

But if you have a solid source or line of thought that manages to explain one's sense of reality being more than «it's how I feel it for me, so that must be true of others, otherwise it's quite scary», I'm really (really) interested.
The last issue listed is the killer. If you rename or move a file, you need to update all the links. It's not terribly hard to solve with a quick script as he showed, but that is the part which has always felt very hacky to me when I've done this.
Rarely Seen Photos from World War II
Apart from nostalgia, it contains a staggering amount of information about historical PC pricing and hardware availability that (to my knowledge) isn't really documented anywhere else. Sure, Wikipedia can tell you the official launch date of the Intel Pentium, but Computer Shopper can tell you when the price actually dropped to something reasonable, when cheap motherboards for it started pouring out of no-name manufacturers, when vendors stopped bothering to advertise 486 hardware, etc..
Absolutely also the writing is very tedious.
https://store.steampowered.com/valveindex
No shit you don't see people using it, all browsers hide support behind a feature flag or straight up removed support. Use your brain for a second.
Difference is that Apple enters categories that have already product-market fit (PCs, MP3 players, laptops, smartphones, fitness trackers). Only exception probably being the iPad. VR doesn’t have product-market fit except for some games genres (driving / flight simulators, rythme / dancing)
Hopefully the troubles with Siri are understood enough in Apple that they won’t make that mistake, because Siri is truly awful on my HomePods for thinking I’m talking to Siri when I’m not.

Thankfully many of the people in the demo videos were people of colour, so I’m fairly confident Apple has gotten that bit right and hopefully their gesture detecting cameras have IR or dot-pattern emitters to work in the dark as well.
The obsidian vim bindings can also be modified with the vimrc plugin. It lets you hook into obsidian’s native features with normal mode maps e.g. for pane splitting and navigation.
> Why not just buy a Linux laptop

Please tell me where is it because I will buy it instantly, and I’m only half kidding.

I don’t see how making linux available on possibly the currently available best laptop hardware any different to the previous decades of hacking a working wifi driver into the kernel. It was always an uphill battle, and we should be thankful for those who take up the hard work!
He went into more details on the Dithering podcast. He was able to have a much fuller demo than a few clips.
They still use L, M and P (though the P is now Hack). Not sure about the A.
After watching MKBHD talking about how amazing the eye tracking is, my first thought is:

When will apple start selling ads? They can use the eye tracking as feedback to advertisers, allowing apple to ask more money than non-eye tracked ads because they can prove you actually watched the ad.

Next you can track what people are looking at in netflix shows and adjust the shows to make them even more algorithmicly optimized (I dont even want to go there).

Interesting tech, but I think apple has something in mind we'll only realise a few years down the road (like how the app store turned out).
This seems a super interesting read.
It seems it just got implemented behind a CLI flag: https://winaero.com/avif-support-is-now-available-in-microso...

So, hopefully not too much longer!
Seems odd that ACR supports it and lightroom doesn't.
s/PSA/Tl;dr/ (the fine article covers this, at the end)
With all their trigger warnings for things that deviate slightly from the classic Yudkowsky line, Less Wrong seems to be a center for free thinking right up there with a weekend that half the conference center is rented out to transsexual maximalists and the other half is rented out to anti-vaxxers.

But seriously, betting it all on a very rare outcome that requires multiple unknowns to line up doesn't make a lot of sense. I could just as easily make up 10 other improbable scenarios of effective measure zero that demand people's attention as much.
> It's better to play by the rules of whomever you are playing with.

This depends significantly on how you define "better." If I become a thief by stealing from thieves, I would not consider that to be a net positive outcome for me.
Its "competitor" is AVIF, not webp.

The TLDR version is AVIF is better at low bitrates/quality, JXL is better at higher bitrates/quality. And JXL has some other niches, like easier encoding/decoding, lossless conversion of JPEG, and support for some exotic formats that AVIF does not support.

In other words, we need both.
It's not healthy. It's not healthy because as devices and software improves people who are in isolation use it as a further form of isolation. It's easier to escape into technology than it is to go out and interact with real humans. Life is messy, it's hard but it's entirely rewarding and what we need. But everything we've now come to know in the past three decades has taken us in a different direction. The technology has its valued when used for specific purposes. But when it becomes the all consuming thing that people use to attempt to solve those deeply troubling problems, that's when we have an issue.

So I think part of this only exacerbates escapism. Getting back to true reality is going to require a fundamental jolt to humanity.
This article would be fine but it tries to argue that subtitles lower the degree in which you experience a film and that the "film snob" take is to not have them if it's the same language.

I have never heard of this take before, and I'm not sure it exists. The author cites only one film creator when asking, "But what about art?!" and it's someone making their first TV series with Kate Mara as a predatory teacher. I'm unconvinced.

Any strong reader is absolutely capable of enjoying a film with subtitles in full. In fact, any film connoisseur knows that the greatest films are spread out across all cultures and is used to subtitles when enjoying great films. Which is what Bong Joon Ho is trying to say when quoted at the start of the article. He's not saying, "You might need subtitles for a Korean film," but rather, "Get used to subtitles so it won't interrupt the film for you -- and that will open up a rich oeuvre of great films which you can full experience and which you might be missing out on."
I don't disagree but unfortunately that's the state of Mozilla at the moment.
There are two modalities to crypto and the law needs to treat them differently. Running a node on a crypto currency network does not generate securities. It generates commodities. We don't tax people on the FMV of gold when they dig it out of the ground. But, speculating on the price of gold by creating a virtual token/contract/etc. and selling that, well that’s obviously a security. Just because people buy gold speculatively does make it a security. So buying bitcoin or chia (no longer eth) is still buying a commodity. Anything else, yeah, seems like it passes the sniff test for a security.
I have noticed no change for years and for years now it’s been broken for me. Different devices, all standard configuration, all up to date OSes. Once you log in and interact with it, it goes wonky.

I’m effect, I guess what you and others are saying is that it doesn’t matter if Reddit has good devs or bad, they are going to put out a terrible product.
$44k for just the steel frame.

* Our PLUS 1 home kits consist of only the steel frame structure (shell) and the necessary components to assemble them.*
You are right that this is state dependent, and I am certainly not a lawyer.
I have no direct knowledge about WI. My personal experience concerns NJ/NY.

Still, what I understood at the time is that, if the employer is not paying you at all during non-compete period, they will have a hard time enforcing it anywhere.

I am also surprised by the claim that it could cost millions to litigate about something like this, how confident are you of that number?

(And about CA, my understanding was that noncompetes are simply to allowed there, so it wouldn't even apply)
I believe they're referring to that cranky guy who argued to save even more. Every culture has one, I'm sure. I'll be that guy today. Every industrialized country should have decades worth of dried food stockpiled for every person. We have barely enough food stored to survive one major crop failure! That's insanely close to the edge considering our capacity.

When I suggest this, people mostly dismiss it as bizarre and just too outside-the-box to really appreciate what I'm even suggesting. They don't live in the same world I do with the same perceived risks.

To the people I've suggested it to, a volcanic eruption disrupting agriculture for years just isn't real, not in a way that would make them want to save food in planning for it. Just as a 1 in 1000 year harsh winter or drought wasn't real to a lot of neolithic farmers. Until it was. And I'm sure one of their neighbours probably even suggested the possibility to them.
Tell me which law saying crypto is a security
It always struck me as insane that Microsoft tried to target Windows Phone at general consumers and not Enterprise users.
This is a problem I have very frquently when writing python scripts on my local box. Sh module seems like exactly what I need, but does it work on wandows?
The only question here is whether cryptocurrency is a security or a commodity. Securities fall under regulation by the SEC (SECURITIES and Exchange Commission). Commodities are regulated by the CFTC (COMMODITIES Future Trading Commission). SEC Chair Gensler agrees that Bitcoin is a commodity, but thinks everything else is a security.[1] Securities are much more tightly regulated than commodities. The SEC is making it clear with these complaints that they believe certain cryptocurrencies are securities.

A court might disagree. The CFTC could potentially disagree, although yesterday's agreement makes me think they may have given up on that to some extent. But I actually think it's pretty clear that any cryptocurrency project offering a reward for "staking" or similar is a security.

[1] https://www.axios.com/2022/06/28/bitcoin-is-the-only-coin-th...
If Apple’s device is good enough to use for real work on a Mac and Meta’s product is not, it doesn’t matter how much cheaper it is.
Steve Jobs at D1 the First All Things Digital Conference (2003)
If I understand correctly, this server side component technology is strictly JavaScript (or maybe Typescript etc.), so how can it be marketed as a step forward compared to having the React pages interact with any kind of back end through reasonably standard web services?

Throwing away perfectly good backends and replacing them with new and relatively unproven JavaScript implies so much code churn, and novel deployment and management difficulties, that fatally bad downsides like the likelihood of crucifying the masochist hipster's application or site to specific cloud services seems a minor detail.

Is it simply a perversion that has been designed to appeal to exclusively JavaScript project of exclusively JavaScript programmers who have some hope of salvaging and porting already JavaScript business logic?
Amazing. In one fell swoop, you argued that it's OK to murder and steal.

Needless to say, I could not disagree with your stance more strenuously.
Could rule out certain things. If they have more heart attacks on Sunday, then it would make it more likely that the association is "first day of the work week," as opposed to something like "first day of trading on international markets" (only Monday).
Schmidhuber Circles – A Mandala for Infinity
Skepticism is not doomerism— and in fact should be praised.

Multiple companies have tried and failed. Their marketing demos looked just as compelling.

Sure, we will find out. Eventually. In over a year when it launches.

But until then, why should we trust companies who’s best interest is not to give us the truth on what their product is but rather the best possible vision for what it will be?

So far every single iteration on VR/AR/XR has been extremely disappointing once actually used, but with extremely high fidelity marketing demos. This might certainly be different, but until it’s proven that it is, why should people believe it? “Fool me once” and all that very much applies.
It's an open source browser, right?

If it's important, someone should just implement support for it.
The SEC and Supreme Court say that "a note is presumed to be a security unless it bears a strong resemblance, determined by examining four specified factors, to one of a judicially crafted list of categories of instrument that are not securities".
1Password previously announced that mobile support for passkeys stored in 1Password was on its way later. I assume they had advanced knowledge of this announcement.

I totally understand a pessimistic reading. In trying to roll out passkeys to everyone at once, and doing a poor job of UX and documentation clarity, all the major players bungled the 2022 launch. Not having some portability out of the gate absolutely caused unnecessary distrust about passkeys.

But I strongly believe this won’t become a vendor lock-in playground.

I have replied a lot about passkeys. I should disclose a former employer works in this space, but I’m not advocating for any particular company or product here, and I no longer have any inside knowledge relevant to the topic that isn’t already public.

Edit: grammatical typo; disclosure clarification
Looks like someone has a case of the Mondays!

(I know I’ll get downvoted for using humor on HN, the “this isn’t Reddit no smiling” brigade will be here in a moment to express their scorn at any sign of pleasure)
LOL well that makes much more sense. Hopefully JXL doesn't go the way of JPEG2000 (based on how things have gone thus far and its impressive featureset, I think it might be safe).
Booting Slackware 15 .iso from VirtualBox brought me to a TUI shell, although "shell" in this case is "menu-driven with only the available options," so more of a running program, out of which exiting brought one to a CLI shell as root.

TUI to me also means "arbitrary coordinate rendering," i.e. something completely distinguishable to a command-line prompt (and line-editing). So one expects modal dialogs and popups, menus / menu navigation, and essentially "windows of experience."

TUI also may mean "cannot easily pipe things," because we have (x, y) positions instead of one cursor location receiving all inputs. The idea of improvised composability may be absent.

It would be neat to see an "expect for TUIs." I wonder how it would standardize the idea of "textual graphics" across a variety of different TUI tools.
Not necessarily the size of a pair of Wayfarers, but maybe 50% the size of the actual one.