skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
No Paywall: https://archive.is/ZnKxd

This is interesting:

>'Toyota also noted that “more than 300 new lithium, cobalt, nickel and graphite mines are needed to meet the expected battery demand by 2035,” and they could take decades to develop. “The amount of raw materials in one long-range battery electric vehicle could instead be used to make 6 plug-in hybrid electric vehicles or 90 hybrid electric vehicles.
And here’s an even more striking statistic: “The overall carbon reduction of those 90 hybrids over their lifetimes is 37 times as much as a single battery electric vehicle.” '

Wow if true. Sounds like the nuke debate. Green Orthodoxy v Science
"Unified" doesn't mean the CPU and GPU can store different data in the same memory at the same time. The BIOS setting is just assigning how much are visible for each to use in the absence of OS support for doing it dynamically. Clearly if you can change the amount it isn't a hardware limitation, and I'm not even sure if it needs some special support. The iGPU surely supports DMA, so if it does a load from memory "assigned" to the CPU does it perform any differently than from memory "assigned" to the GPU?
Sorry, as a child of the 50's, once is enough...
Technically, Israel is part of Asia, not Africa.
I think this decentralized social media future is already here, and it's private discord servers
Or, as I like to call them, "Rolling Inextinguishable Firebombs".
That was an ugly situation. PSA: Murdering your wife/exwife/girlfriend/baby mama is never the answer. Just let it go and move on.
They have a large data science team, and they often work directly with data sets in collaboration with other researchers.
> In another context, it's fair that I should pay 10x more for 10 diapers than one diaper. This is true even if the diaper company has no immediate plans to make another diaper factory.

Bandwidth is different, it doesn't cost any more to supply 1 bit or 10 bits. Nearly all the cost is building the pipe. Put another way, in the Starlink case there isn't 10x more cost to them to provide increased usage if they aren't building more capacity.

> Price here is a signal to allocate scarce resources — in this case, the resources and labor that went into the diapers, as well as the amortized cost of the factory needed to make them.

Not in the Starlink case. What is the allocation being made? Price-priority rationing has no purpose here because the government already knows who it wants to have priority. And you said that inducing investment is irrelevant so there is no use of a price signal for that (and the investment isn't happening anyway).

> Is Starlink special and thus subject to pricing rules that other businesses are not? If not, is it a special case simply because it's Ukraine?

Yes, because it's not a free market and worse the price is specifically being hidden from the ultimate payer (citizens).

> Digging into their cost structure is really a diversion from the actual argument, which is that we feel they have a moral duty to help.

That's silly and no one accepts that argument. By the same logic you could charge $10,000 (or any other price) for a coffee cup.
the other person also thought you were angry.
Games these days are easily 100GB alone. So 37GB is still well within current hardware capabilities.
How would a capcha to keep humans out work?

"Please give a visual description of 6 dimensional space."
> I have come to the conclusion the vaccines saved virtually no one and has put a similar number into an early death (e g. The clot shot)

Would you mind sharing at a high level what research led you to this conclusion?

> The real thing that causes Covid to go away was Omricon, and other viruses re-spreading, political attention spans, and an upcoming election where the incumbent can't continue to use Covid as a reason for election.

Ah.
>I imagine that most users have a small selection of apps installed, which only come with a few runtimes and a version apart, which also means that my setup is possibly one of the worst case scenarios

This seems backwards. The more apps you install, the more likely it is that it will reuse a runtime or otherwise that you already have installed, and hence the less space it is likely to take up.

The traditional approach forces all packages to make do with one version of a library, whereas the flatpak approach encourages them to ignore what other apps in the ecosystem use. The flatpak approach will definitely cause severe bloat in the amount of space used on the system.
same can be said vice versa.
>80k USD a year is a ton by European standards

It's good money but not a ton.

Also, it's Iceland, COL is very high!
I'm no fan of Go, but "I used C instead" is not a selling point
nix doesn't help you with containing each program last I heard. I've been waiting to hear about any work on one. It'd be really cool if nix package definitions also let you define defaults for containment per program.
Co-founder of CDR.fyi, thanks for all the feedback and love for what we're building!

Carbon removal is definitely a unique market in the early innings, and our goal is to provide transparency into the market at it scales.

One important note: CDR.fyi aggregates purchases, deliveries, and verifications of carbon removed and stored for more than 100 years
How Australian cyber spies 'Rickrolled' Islamic State militants in Iraq
Ask HN: Selling software, how much long-term support should I provide?
I am working on a piece of software for hobbyist that will need to call my server API to work. I am thinking in selling it for a fixed amount - however, I can't promise it will keep working on a few years.

If the software stopped working you woulnd't lose more than what you paid for (imagine it as a newspaper reader, if it stopped working you didn't lose any data, you just cannot use it anymore).

However, since they are paying a fixed price to buy the software, I'd like to make it clear that it won't work forever. Anyone has any suggestions about the wording, terms and conditions, etc?

The other possibility is to make the price yearly, and if they stop paying, it won't work anymore (which keeps me motivated to maintain the API), however, I'd prefer to avoid managing recurring payments and focus on develop the software and just provide a download link after payment.
I’ve yet to find the project where Celery is the best solution, despite using it on several
Would love a second pair of eyes on the powerpc64le JIT, since it partially works but hangs on some tests. https://github.com/jart/blink/issues/17
There are a lot of assumptions that people would have to make in answering that question.

What is the assumed life of the battery vs the hydrogen electrolyzer and storage/distribution network? What are the maintenance requirements over that life? Are you assuming best-practice mine management or worst practice? What fraction of each battery can be recycled, and what fraction of batteries will in fact be recycled? How much leakage of hydrogen will there be and how many fires will happen, with the pollution that attends them? And so on and on.

The simple answer is that both of them are way less bad than what we have now (fossil fuels), and commercially the world has chosen batteries.
I appreciate your take on all this. It seems well reasoned from direct experience, though I may be wrong. Thanks for sharing.
> Prices are not lower in Europe. I've lived in 5 countries in Europe. I paid about 10EUR in France for the same plan I have in the US on Tello for $7.

I don't believe you. Find me any plan in the USA that is cheaper than what can be had in France. And I won't even bring up how terrible mobile coverage is in the USA, even in big cities.

> Dare I say, have you ever Driven across the US?

Yep, the long way (four days virtually nonstop) and the slow way (a couple months).
Flatpaks also run fine on NixOS! So you don't even miss out.
Its some of both. Stable Diffusion will rarely blatently copy a work, as it has no distinction between creative reconstruction and plagiarism. I think this applies to LLMs too, its just much harder for human brains to detect.

At the same time, the artists and such who claim any of its output is illegal are being hypocritical. Nothing is made in a vacuum.
Wow!! Fascinating. I hope y'all can share when it comes together / publish.
A beginner's guide to time travel
5 euros per day, come on man. That's not enough even in LATAM.
Huh. I wouldn't take it that way (depending on tone of voice). I would not quite take it as "it's good enough to criticize", either. I would take it as my idea was neutral, and here are some flaws, which if I could fix them might turn it into a good idea.
Jevons Paradox is constantly missed.
Social media is not helping. There is a daily stream of videos showing students fighting teachers, themselves and causing mayhem. The videos may be generated by a few, but it changes the Overton window of appropriate behavior in schools and I would not be surprised if it causes a cascading effect.
Caribou Meat and Moon Signs: Inuit Lessons for Soldiers in the Arctic
"Unified memory" itself is not special. Many products with AMD/Intel/Qualcomm chip implements LPDDR5 and use it for both CPU and GPU. What's truly different is that only Apple can sell higher performance iGPU (with higher bandwidth memory bits). I wish it changes by this AI boom
https://archive.ph/mlR4O
I mean by your logic, focused protection didn't do a damn thing either.
If you have to point out how clever you are, you're probably not as clever as you think you are
But he's a good neo-Nazi! He's on our side.
appreciate the feedback! we built CDR.fyi to answer a very simple question:

how big is the CDR market today and are we on scaling at the pace necessary to achieve global climate targets?
More or less. Otherwise you can get easily stuck arguing that any profession that fixes problems is untrustable for fabricating problems. E.g., doctors deliberately give us bad advice to keep us sick or overdiagnose so that they have more patients. (Okay, maybe chiropractors do this - hah!) But I think it's fairly safe to argue that employees of a system like nurses or cops - who are payed a salary regardless of how many "customers" they go through - are very different than the owners of private hospitals, prisons, or shelter operators whose profit incentives are directly aligned with funneling more people into the system, not at preventing or fixing anything.
Good thing developing nations have agency too and don’t need to rely on “us” to survive.
"Natural rights" isn't being presented as an argument by Lemire.

"Natural rights" is being noted as a framing or validation that's used by defenders of copyright.
This, and keeping the mix Proprietary.

If the progress of open-source options has shown anything - the talent wanting to work together will make progress.
Fine-Tuning LLMs in 4-bit with QLoRA
Guessing those Australians would have had much better labour protections and a better social safety net if they did get fired, giving them the safety to criticise. Not "trust" exactly since it's more about not needing to trust a given employer, but a similar pattern.
If they can get enough energy density, we can start to begin thinking about distance/weight trade-offs. Currently electrics exceed the mass of ICE vehicles and that means more tire wear and road wear, plus more damage in accidents to less massive cars and vehicles.
> A catchment area is already being defined based on some rules

I don't know what the term "catchment area" means to you, but I have no idea how that applies in Canada. As of right now, there is no way that I am aware for me to vote on land use rights. That is, I am aware of zoning bylaws that define what I can use land for. The options that I am aware of are: I can apply for rezoning to an alternate existing zoning designation (including parceling out or assemblies) or I can apply for an amendment to the existing zoning bylaw. These are pretty opaque processes but certainly require involving the local district and they definitely involve public hearings, require public notices and invite public comment.

As far as I know, no one locally gets a vote. So this isn't altering an existing process or narrowing it's scope (what I suppose you mean by refining), it is proposing an entirely new process. I can't speak for every jurisdiction in Canada, North America or Europe, but I feel that this isn't just re-drawing some borders. We aren't suddenly going to have councils at the 15 minute walking range, or councils for my street. And even if we did they are going to be more like HOA/Strata councils - which are a nightmare to behold.

Further - this doesn't answer the larger question which everyone wants to dodge. For example, he talks at length about larger infrastructure projects like wind power and energy power-line corridors. That is a kind of thing that spans multiple jurisdictions. How does one coordinate that?

None of that is thought out or proposed, just hand waved away as a "research project".

If we are claiming a process to solve vetocracy - I want to hear about how you are going to coordinate land use rights to build high speed rail. How are you going to manage defining the list of who is affected by that? Otherwise you are just wasting time on toy problems that can be trivially solved in other ways.
Not a ratchet, but an imaginary rubber band.
Are you using some different app? Screenshot?

Which limiter? The context window?
yes, CDR.fyi only tracks high-permanence removals (v. low-permanence solutions or avoidance)
These things are sometimes dangerous.

I have had Americans use "what the British mean when they say ..." on me and colleagues and it has backfired badly.

If it were a condescending guide for "how women think" (for example) then it would rightly be thrown out as trash.

Turns out that people are individuals and generalisations of "You are X so you are thinking/will do Y" are not useful.

Use with caution.
Right, this is why we should burn the combines and go back to harvesting wheat by scythe, or we should dig ditches with spoons instead of using an excavator...

The problem here is we want the system we currently have to keep working when there is really no possible way that can happen in a world of AGI. IP is already a horribly broken system that can lead to absurdities. While making IP stronger will protect people like artists (maybe) it will provide far more protection to monied corporations that can afford to buy up works, and then feed them into their AI. In the pathological cases you end up with stories like 'The Right To Read'.

In a world where particular things can be created in almost infinite amounts, why will we go to such efforts to ensure they are only created in limited supply?
Ask something really complex and give them a small amount of time to return an answer
Apart from the point of reflow mentioned in sibling comments, it is also less distracting. I am not wowed by the beauty and cleverness of the CSS, so I'm actually paying 100% attention to the content.
The link is because Microsoft's account system is such an old beast that a proper account switcher, like the one Google has, is completely out of the question. Instead, it seems the product team for M365 / Office.com created this high-level account linking process to make it at least palpable to the majority of users that only have one enterprise-based account and one personal account. If you happen to have more than 1 account, the account switchers on anything other than office web apps is going to break.
One real implementation and many implementations for testing that do whatever the consumer wants them to do.
> Other languages have words with equivalent meaning.

Some languages do. It doesn't mean that all languages do, and even in those that do the use of such language may not be as natural as it is in English.

> Even animals have property they defend

Animals do things that some humans may interpret as defense, and and that some humans may interpret as "property", but that doesn't mean that that's what animals are doing, much less that animals think of anything as "their property".
If I read that right, it's grant writing, patronage and kickstarter.

> When authors do get paid, a natural model is patronage. That is the model used by most scientists. Copyright is of no help whatsoever to mathematicians.

> “But, Daniel, you are delusional! Not every writer can find a patron.” Am I? I have funded several book projects myself. For example, a lady called Kio Stark got $38,928 from us to write a handbook on alternatives to schooling.

> Several authors get funded on kickstarter:

> ...

> In fact, if you think about it for a minute, whenever you buy a book or a movie, you are being a patron to this project. So all work is the result of patronage. Cory Doctorow makes all his novels available for free from his web site. He happens to be one of the most successful writer of his generation. You can be confident that he is doing well financially. It works for him because people are willing to support him: his paying readers are his patrons.

(Note https://wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/Case_Studies/Cory_Doct... )

> Cory Doctorow's literary works are released under Creative Commons Atrribution NonCommercial ShareAlike or Attribution NonCommercial NoDerivatives. His latest work, Little Brother, has spent 4 weeks on the NYTimes bestseller list and is released as BY-NC-SA.

Consider the question "without copyright, how could he enforce the NonCommercial NoDerivatives clauses? And related: https://doctorow.medium.com/why-none-of-my-books-are-availab...

> ACX has some nominal checks to ensure that the audiobooks that land on its platform are duly licensed from their rightsholders, but these are trivial to circumvent. Here’s how I know that: on multiple occasions, I’ve discovered that my own books have been turned into unauthorized audiobooks over ACX.

> Scammers claiming to have the rights to my books commission narrators to record them on the cheap, with the promise of a royalty split when they are live. Inexperienced narrators, excited at the prospect of recording a major book by a bestselling author, put long, grueling hours into recording them. Then the book goes live, and I discover it, and have it taken down. The scammer disappears with the profits from the sales in the interim, and the narrator is screwed.

> As am I.

> Because these illegal ACX audiobooks compete with my own, self-produced editions, for which I pay narrators, directors and editors a fair wage for their creative labor. These unauthorized ACX audiobooks show up in searches for my name on Audible and Amazon, where my own (vastly superior, authorized) DRM-free audiobooks are not allowed.

And while he does have an issue with scammers and mandatory DRM on audible, if there wasn't any copyrights on them, would he have any case at all?

---

And so, I don't agree with TFA on how regular people can get paid for their creative works without relying on copyright.
Do you think people should be allowed to learn from books we read, music we hear, etc?

If we’re extending copyright to be not only about reproduction of the work, but also providing part of a large knowledge base for future creators to build upon… why does it matter if it’s a neural network or human being doing the learning?

I personally hope the copyright maximalists fail, because if they succeed in making “learning from a copyrighted work” without paying illegal, we end up in a dark place indeed.
Is that necessary if you can just have your processes handle locking themselves?
“When you learn music, you’re trained to think [in terms of a] “right way” and a “wrong way.” - Jacob Collier, from TFA

Only if you have a lousy teacher. The best teachers are, in a sense, history professors. Their job is to show you how to imitate the masters. In that sense, Collier might be right, given one can objectively measure whether you're close to, or far from, emulating a given artist. But imitation is only a means to an end. You learn to imitate the masters so that you can stand on their shoulders and invent something new. I suspect that's what J Dilla was up to.

"Imitate, Assimilate, Innovate" - Clark Terry, paraphrased.
If flatpak is acceptable, then distributing statically linked binaries should be acceptable, too.
This looks like a really neat approach!

I'd be curious to see how this approach performs when integrated in a running system. In particular, there are some additional costs associated with this approach which might not appear in the listed microbenchmarks. Using mmap/mprotect/munmap like this will cause page faults and TLB shootdowns. After mprotect()-ing memory to allow writes to it, writes will still initially cause page faults. On page fault, the kernel will need to allocate a page of memory, map the page into the process, and then a TLB shootdown to clear the core-local caches of the page table. In addition to these costs, every page fault incurs a context switch to/from the kernel for each 4KB page.

The TLB shootdowns are especially costly, since they slow down all threads currently running in the process, not just the threads that are performing the memory access. As a result, this approach could slow down other parts of the program that aren't even using DynArray.

One potential approach to mitigate this is to use Large/Huge pages. Because all the costs that I mentioned are incurred on each page miss, you can make misses less frequent by using large pages. The issue is that, if you're going around allocating 1GB pages willy-nilly, then you're very quickly going to run out of system memory. You can also run into memory fragmentation issues, since large pages require the system to have 1GB of physically contiguous memory available (whereas with 4KB pages, you can slice and dice from anywhere in physical memory).

Another solution is to use caching/leverage a user-space memory allocator. One benefit of using the std::vector approach is that, if you're using a properly tuned memory allocator, once your program reaches a steady-state of memory usage, it should never need to ask the OS for more memory. Because the memory allocator is just recycling memory over and over again, it never needs to update its page tables (by using mmap() to ask for more memory from the OS), and so it never has page faults or incurs TLB shootdowns.

Regardless, there are lots of interesting trade-offs in this space. Especially between memory usage and compute. And for short-lived applications, for example, I could see DynArray being a clear win.

One of the things I really like about performance optimization is the amount that you can experiment--different solutions perform better in different scenarios, and it's fun to try them all out!
This is not a long term solution because we need to entirely stop barfing CO2 into the atmosphere and extract the CO2 we’ve already put there.
> have food delivered to your house

Curious as to what is going on with your food delivery handoffs that make them a vector for spread. Do you shake hands and hug your delivery person?
depends on how many tons you're willing to make and whether you follow science-backed protocols :)

- Biochar: https://fs.hubspotusercontent00.net/hubfs/7518557/Supplier%2...

- Biooil: https://www.carbon-direct.com/insights/a-new-proto-protocol-...
hence the entire Andy Warhol case!

>Echoing a recommendation from Joe Biden’s administration, the supreme court focused on the specific use that allegedly infringed Goldsmith’s copyright – a license of Warhol’s work to Condé Nast – and said it was not transformative because it served the same commercial purpose as Goldsmith’s photo: to depict Prince in a magazine.

https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2023/may/18/andy-wa...
big if true (not true)
"Imagine a book filled with all six character strings"

I assume discrete spaces count, not just continuous R^6 spaces.
Very few people can drive 400 miles without stopping to go to the bathroom. A 10 minute bathroom break can add enough charge to let a 300 mile EV go 400 miles.
What's a more guaranteed way to get fired: report an issue with a task upfront or keep doing useless work for a couple of months until the boss finds out?
So, like Terry Brooks then?
CAVE People