skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
1) I can't do the complete math since I don't know the exact costs, but basically:

A) Running a remote cloud LLM costs about nothing in dollars to the user.

B) Running a remote cloud LLM does cost for the provider. Note however Microsoft and Google are the cloud, so they don't have to pay the absurd profit margins. They already have specialized hardware and can bring their costs down.

C) Microsoft and Google can probably make money from your data, even if it's 'anonymized' LLM requests.

D) Data for convenience is a typical bargain, e.g. in the search space. There's good reason to assume it can work here too.

2-3) I'm not arguing no one needs on prem. I am extrapolating the current state of affairs into the future, because, well, we don't have much else to go on. The current state of affairs isn't good.

4) Yes, this is called a logical extrapolation. I don't think you have much to base scenarios where big tech goes down upon, but I'll be glad to hear an argument. Hopefully being based on more than predictions of local LLM performance.
Boss meaning my wife? No. She is deadly accurate at determining my mental limits, and at project estimates.
If it is in your interesst to not understand a problem, you don't. In that case, failing to grasp how stocks, real estate, farms and investments are different things is an easy excuse to keep a convenient loop hole open.
> The only country that I personally know that is as privileged as France in the world geopolitically is Argentina. Argentina is richer than France, the political system has lots of similarities and it is an absolute mess.

What. Argentina has inflation >100% per year, their currency has a thriving black market to be useable at all, many people stockpile dollars in their homes because the banks won’t give it back, they block exports, etc.

They’re not more geopolitically privileged than the United States, for one, which has the global reserve currency.

> Bureaucracy is so high (bureau is a French word).

~30% of English has roots in French so I don’t think this is relevant. That includes words like legume, but they don’t hold a special place in the nut or vegetable markets. (For fun historical reasons, what English calls legumes is largely associated with nuts but the French word refers to vegetables.)
Handy list of CSS font stacks for Windows and macOS browsers
If it was truly random, it would not generate useful outputs. You can think of it similar to randomly sampling one of the authors' (of the training data) observed ideological lean.

One way to model and measure this would be to think of the different possible ideological leans as being in a superposition that you sample from when generating the output. In that sense, you can think of the expectation value of the lean (depending on the specific circumstances of your measurement, i.e. the prefix on input) along with the entropy as the information you can use to describe the gestalt.

In a sense this is the same judgement you would make as saying that $SocialNetwork has a "position".
It's actually a pretty convenient script to use locally when doing repository manipulation, for example when you're cherry-picking other people's commit via patch and want to attribute it to them.
TSMC is a Chinese company and one that was founded and grown by people "under siege" (by the mainland) and they reached the #1 spot. Anything but 'brutal' would have been surprising...
We went from a hundred million to eight billion in less than two hundred years. It is only relevant for the next 80 years.
Birth rate only determines the time it takes to go from one population number to another, it doesn't change the fundamental problem of carrying capacity. The carrying capacity of Earth is a trillion times higher than Mars. That isn't even enough to let a single human live on Mars.
If you exceed the carrying capacity on Earth all you get to do is send people to die on Mars instead.

The big filter in terms of population is our ability to terraform other planets and since terraforming takes thousands of years, staying alive on earth with stagnant birth rates is an important part of it until the terraforming is complete.
Two weeks is extreme? Maybe if you're a healthy 30 year old without any chronic illness - and even then bone breaks can take more than a month before you can get the cast off.

I'd guess for an average person aged 40 to 60, two consecutive weeks off would be a one in maybe five years kind of event. Any minor surgery, mental health, cancer treatment, heart issue or significant infection like shingles, pneumonia, mono, hep could easily lead to two weeks off.

Two weeks definitely isn't an every year thing for most people but it's certainly not extreme.
I've taken to calling them "VR Helmets" after reading a page on rutracker passed through google translate. Sounds just stupid and wrong enough to entertain me.
Virtualization is, of course, based on a very standard KVM-like API. There's not much Mach in its design at all.
I just got voting powers and did not downvote parent but the icons are tiny on mobile and they give no indication of which you click after the fact. I have no idea which took when I click the icon.
Oh, even better. Find a source with a strong pro-fossil fuel bias. And see what happens if their results show the same thing. Case in point, global warming and those oil industry internal reports showing global warming to be true, and man made, since the 70s.
Can you elaborate on the changes to GPT-4 you've noticed specifically?
Harriet Burns
I've found Apollo's integration for moderation tools to be very well implemented.
Why is it ironic?

That's how colonialism works. Rid the colony of resources, introduce tech and changes the local population has no experience with and make sure not to train them on it. Watch them attempt to get their freedom while at the same time being forced to come to you for help.

On this particular issue, Gabon never had to administer this, so they never had a need for this skillset.
Ask HN: Why there is asterisk with my post?
Yeah I agree. I think its inevitable that collaboratively edited documents sometimes end up with grapheme clusters that are considered invalid by some peers, simply because different peers might be using different versions of unicode. If my phone supports the polar bear emoji and yours doesn't, you'll see weird stuff instead of a polar bear. There's no getting around that.

And yes, using unicode codepoints, buggy clients might insert extra unicode characters in the middle of a grapheme cluster. But ... Eh. Fine. I'm not super bothered by that from a data validation perspective.

Why don't I have the same attitude toward invalid UTF8? I mean, the CRDT could syncronize arbitrary arrays of bytes that by agreement contain valid UTF8, and treat it as user error in the same way if that happens? Two reasons. First, because some languages (eg rust) strictly enforce that all strings must contain valid UTF8. So you can't even make a document into a String if it has invalid UTF8. We'd need a try_ codepath, which makes the API worse. Secondly, languages like javascript which store strings using UTF16 don't have an equivalent encoding for invalid UTF8 bytes at all. Javascript would have to store the document internally in a byte array or something, and decode it to a string at the frontend. And thats complex and inefficient. That all sounds much worse to me than just treating the document as a sequence of arbitrary unicode codepoints - doing which guarantees correctness and we don't need any of that mess.
Ah, found his issue, when you own a $12 million car collection, adding some EVs is unlikely to change your carbon footprint significantly:

https://www.thesun.co.uk/motors/21272619/inside-mr-bean-rowa...
Ask HN: Remote access to self hosted (back end) software
A couple of years ago I've read about this concept (already forgot the name) of using self hosted data storage with cloud applications. Basically, you as a user own your data and only permit the cloud hosted web application to access it - not own it and manage in your place.

I was thinking of a similar concept, but in the context of mobile applications. The mobile application itself would be accessible via Google Play Store/App Store, but the backend part would be self hosted and upon opening the application you would have to specify how to access backend.

My question is how would I access the backend if it was hosted on let's say rpi running in the living room? It's not a problem as long as I'm within the home network, but I want seemless network transition without losing access when entering/leaving the house. I was told https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/products/zero-trust/access/ could be used for this, but to me it sounds a bit of an overkill to use it for an application which would never be used by more than a single digit amount of users. This looks more suitable: https://github.com/boringproxy/boringproxy
but I still don't like it due to password and not exchanged in advance key (like ssh) authentication. Ideally I would want this accessible via Wireguard which shouldn't require any additional setup given a modern router.

Maybe there are better/other options I'm not aware? Let me know your opinions/thoughts.
I'm convinced by this... as long as we make a distinction between mathematics and arithmetic.

I'm grateful now, and was not at the time, to my educator mother for drilling me and drilling me again on addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. She drilled me until we were both so frustrated we couldn't see straight.

Her relentlessness gave me a basic numeracy that set me free to explore conceptual math and actually have fun doing it. She did it for my sibs too. It made us kiddos capable of playing car-trip games like "spot the prime number on the license plate".

She knew there was no magic pedagogy to learning that basic arithmetic, just drilling. Now she was no mathematician herself. Mention the central limit theorem to her and you'd get "huh"? She studied classics in school. But she sure knew how to to teach.
Writing a Hypervisor VMM in Python
Ask HN: Struggling with Productivity and Procrastination
I struggle with staying productive and organizing myself. I am a chronic procrastinator and have tried everything to be more productive like lists, calendars, apps, etc. but I still can't seem to get things done. I want to study more, read more, and finish my coding projects. However, I end up not doing much and feel terribly guilty. I suspect I may have ADHD or some kind of dopamine addiction but I'm not sure. I do well in school even by studying at the last minute, and I attend a rather challenging school. In my free time though, I end up doing very little or nothing, not knowing where my time went. I try to remove all distractions but it doesn't seem to work.

Does anyone have any advice or strategies on how I can improve my productivity and focus? How have you overcome similar challenges to achieve your goals and stay focused? I feel stuck in this cycle of procrastination and distraction and want to break free.
Because your miserable life of incessant shitposting serves no purpose, so it was decided to spend your money so that at least other people could be happier.
It wasn't just this though. Japanese (and later other far eastern countries') cost of labour was far lower, so they could build a better product at a lower price point than American manufacturers. That's not to say that lack of focus on quality and overly-aggressive cost-cutting by Ford and others wasn't a problem - it absolutely was - but the article is substantially oversimplifying the situation. I haven't yet come to a conclusion as to whether that's forgivable in its pursuit of making a bigger point: The Spectator does have a tendency towards superficially high-minded but ultimately ineffectual chatter (which at least fits with its name).
I feel like manufacturing the collapse of the very ecosystems that sustain our civilization might be a steep price to pay for a short moment's increase in living standards. But i guess as long as we're all dead before the time to repay the debt comes, we can pretend like we're self-made millionaires and not living on borrowed money?
This is true, those are not the same issues. My understanding is that the center of gravity of the tech scene has moved from Palo Alto and Mountain View to SF in recent years.
This is the circle of life. FAANG is the new IBM.
Who will succeed them?

Chinese big tech? Next gen full remote startups? Or will the public stop trusting tech entirely ?
What is the cheapest setup to deploy Payload CMS? Only used hosted headless CMS so far (Netlify CMS, Forestry & FrontAid CMS). Do I need a VPS at Hetzner? I guess Netlify will not work because I can't have Mongo DB there?
I would love to see AWS embrace GitHub (or any other public repo, like a public codecommit) instead of bail out.

As an AWS cloud Consultant and Instructor, I sometimes find errors in docs and drifts, and would love that community could do a simple PR and fix them. That was not working smoothly because of internal repos and sync, there was no single source of truth (or at least not the public one).

Now what will be the channel to fix the docs? Send something to the other side of the wall that no one is there to catch them? Well, I don’t expect the documentation to be more in sync with less eyes contributing to pinpoint the errors.
> How many devs are out there who would love having a local LLM model integrated into their IDE? The answer: Yes.

Tbf, local models are still completely crap for that because the base model isn't as good. Software development is expensive so if a 1% better model cuts 10 hours of work it's already worth it.

The problem is more in that you can't send private company data to OpenAI and back because they'll use it for training and leak your IP.
If the app is secure open a port on your router and it's done?
I verified that the textspam was indeed correct, and I thought it would be an interesting factoid for HN, as 99.9% of people are only familiar with dynamic driver.

> Repeat after me: chatgpt is not deterministic

Brilliant insight, and definitely a better addition to the thread than somebody trying to add details that presumably only an audiophile would know.
That's extremely disappointing. MS managed to pull it off somehow and I've both contributed updates and have seen community updates which are actually helpful and were missed by the original authors.

The feedback popups on the website have no follow-up and if it looks like a memory hole... why would I bother?
I wouldn't deploy a risky change immediately before a strike, for the same reason I wouldn't do that and go on a road trip. If it's been in prod a day or two and we didn't see a need to roll it back, it's just part of the system now, and the replacement workers can deal with it.
Because you live in society, you benefit from society, and you wouldn’t last 5 minutes outside of society.
I loved .tk domains. I used as them as hostnames for Minecraft servers. I would redirect play.[servername].tk to the server IP and the normal [servername].tk was the shop. Good times! Couldn't have learned more about DNS and domain names without them.
No one said anything about "magic" you nut. I am talking about lost science. That knowledge is gone forever due to catastrophes and libraries being burnt. And most scientific discoveries we are having today is just rediscovering many of the same things the Ancients had discovered too.

You still have time to explain how anyone could carve a Temple out 400,000 tonnes of rock from a mountain face. You will just not be able to explain it with Knowledge of Science that we have today. Even the most advanced machinery that we have today will not be sufficient to build the Kailasa Temple in mere 18 years. Heck we take multiple months to just drill a tunnel through a mountain. Here we are talking about not just carving out an entire mountain but also transporting 400,000 tonnes of rock.

The invaders tried to demolish the Temple. Spent 3 years chipping away at the carvings and could only do minimal damage. That's how spectacular this Temple is.

Good luck coming up with a modern scientific answer for this one. No technology exists today which can recreate this.
"I am beginning this journey, and it takes a lot of the magic out of it.

Really what is happening is just mathematical operations: a lot of matrix multiplications, some simple non-linear functions (because linear algebra alone cannot represent all logic), some statistical stuff to stop the numbers getting out of control."

And all that happens in the human brain is "just" chemical reactions.

All that happens on the Earth is "just" chemistry.
Either way they buckle: https://www.networkrail.co.uk/stories/why-rails-buckle-in-br...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LoXgN1QWZM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqq0543JWzI (wiggle wiggle)
I have many experience of working in hotels, and I have no problem believing the extent of the damages. Filtering your clientele is key if you want to maintain your property.

A single hoarder / drug addict / mentally ill person / pets can cause tens of thousands in damage in a single night. And surely they are proportionally more represented in the homeless population.

There is no cleaning certain smells and fixing certain damages to finished and furniture, you have to remove it and install new. I have had multiple years of experience where the cost to fix a single animal urinating or defecating in a room wiped out all the pet fees and more collected in a year.
> The primary source for most of the AWS documentation is on internal systems that we had to manually sync with the GitHub repos.

That was the problem, no? Fixable without deleting the GitHub repos.

Also, AFAICT contributors never signed over their copyright. Presumably this means Amazon need to keep publishing existing documentation under CC BY-SA (or otherwise, delete all copyrightable third party contributions). What will they do?

Edit: looks like they required copyright assignment (CLAs) for large contributions, so unfortunately they can make the documentation proprietary again.
Meet the authors:

https://cset.georgetown.edu/staff/helen-toner/

https://polisci.columbia.edu/content/jenny-xiao

https://jeffreyjding.github.io/

Oxford and jaw-boning heavy, not an American in sight. How does someone like Helen end up being a director at OpenAI?

https://openai.com/blog/helen-toner-joins

"Helen has deep expertise in AI policy and global AI strategy research"

There is a funnel from academia to pluck individuals and propel them to policy level positions. None of the above's CVs remotely suggest deep expertise in anything but putting words together and being a "good soldier" for the Oxford-Rhodes thing.

-

"Americans should not be haunted by the specter of an imminent Chinese surge in LLM development. Chinese AI teams are fighting—and often failing—to keep up with the blistering speed of new research and products emerging elsewhere. When it comes to LLMs, China trails years, not months, behind its international competitors."

AI is not limited to LLM. The entire article is "nothing to worry about, China is behind in LLMs" which does not seem to serve America's interest, rather China's, and possibly NVIDIA and friends.

Even Foreign Affairs is going down the tubes. Somewhat depressing.
Read the OP again the model itself doesn't have limits. OpenAI implemtened them as safeguards.
A more nuanced discussion would perhaps help. You are just jumping between extremes.

Obviously the average tech person can't retire with 50 while living in a golden castle. Nobody claimed that. If you retire that early then you lifestyle needs to match your wallet. I'm not even 50, I'm just below 40, but I could retire tomorrow despite not having worked at Google or similar. Obviously I couldn't own a 1500sqft condo in downtown SF, drive a big car and go on a yacht vacation in Monacco every year. But I could afford a nice place in the countryside and continue with the hobbies I have, none of them demanding big financial resources. It's about lifestyle choices, no matter how much money you have.
>Another issue is deployment. Imagine this: You are a software developer using an LLM in your commercial product. You have two/three choices.

>Call a cloud API using a simple cross-platform HTTP call. This will reliably work. While at it, you may gain useful data on your customers

In the not too distant future, I expect most applications to be replaced by LLM assistants. So the above scenario won't really happen. You will interact with one LLM, maybe it's a local flavor or maybe it's a cloud flavor. The LLM will then call other services for you. So I don't expect services to call LLMs but I do expect LLMs to call other services.

Yes, we are getting a little ahead of ourselves.
But changing commit author is quite easy with git, just do: ‘git commit -a —author “<name+email>”’
> My second axiom concerns the process of learning. It says: We learn when we are challenged, when we push ourselves. If you’re not stuck you’re not learning. If it’s not a struggle you’re not doing it right.
It follows that we must always look for new points of view and pursue open-ended questions. The role of the teacher is not to make life easy for the student by giving crystal clear lectures and predictable tests. Instead the role of the teacher is to guide and encourage the student’s own process of learning by setting suitable challenges and by stimulating thought and reflection.

Thanks for making this point. Many people tend to have a faulty view of education as some sort of comfortable path, where one's present proclivities are retained or even enhanced. However, if education is done right, then it is total revolution within the individual, destroying all sorts of faulty mental structures to build a better structure altogether.

I believe teachers who do not espouse challenge or do not put such challenge into daily practice, are of questionable value.

A better understanding of what education is about, from both teachers & learners is of great importance.
That’s massively disappointing. I’ve contributed fixes to documentation over a dozen times in the last couple of years.

They should fix their process instead of removing the ability to contribute fixes to docs.
First of all, in the images shown in that article the rail clips are rigidly set in concrete, and the rails are clipped in place. With enough force they can slide longitudinally in the clips.

Second, in most modern rail installations the track is pre-tensioned to deal with thermal expansion. The track is stretched with a hydraulic tool and welded while under tension, so thermal expansion just means reduced tension. This is why trains on modern rail lines don't make the familiar click-clack sound.

(How much tension is applied depends on the country and weather - you can choose between tolerating high temperatures and tolerating low temperatures. This is why in the UK, there are sometimes train stoppages in very hot weather)
Tools are secondary. If you have lots of things to track, they can organize you but in my experience, they can't really make you more productive.

Assuming you don't have a health issue (you should get that checked), perhaps you think you want to do all those things but you don't really want to.
Thank you to everyone involved in this. I'm wondering, is Node.js fiddling with v8 in order to focus more on the resulting code performance than the initial startup.

Planning to learn C/C++ in order to investigate that and if there any gains there.
Trick Yourself into Breaking a Bad Habit
yay! Understood
On that topic there's so many things that are so simple and should have been discovered 50 years. Diffusion feels like it should have been discovered 30 years ago (adding noise to an image and solving for the reverse to generate new images of the same kind).
Not only can Tesla's cameras not do that as well, they may also just shut down if it's too cold, even if they're not covered in snow.

Current self driving systems sometimes fail in perfect weather conditions on correctly marked, empty roads. There's a long road ahead if it's supposed to actually work in the real world.