skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> People thought that mirrored surfaces might just reflect the beam. It turned out that reflective surfaces are actually more vulnerable.

Does anyone know why this is the case? Do mirrored surfaces trigger some sort of internal reflection which ends up absorbing more energy?
This is not literally from 2017. It’s a preprint; the 2017 bit in the footer is from the default article template. Per the footer, it’s actually from 2023. You can tell because the abstract mentions SBF and Madoff in the same sentence!
Avery Ingram – the UK's 'first AI employee'
There is a "last edition", the so-called Bordeaux exemplary, with annotations from Montaigne's hand; then there is a later, posthumous edition which is the basis for most modern ones, but has been modified by his family on some important points (in particular politically or religiously sensitive ones).

Arguably this "last edition" is the best one:
https://www.puf.com/content/Les_Essais_Livres_I-III

You can also go with "La Pléïade" version, however it's based upon the posthumous version, and in typical Pléïade's fashion, punctuation is altered/modernised from the ancient versions.

I've read both and my advice is to go with the first, cheaper one :)
I had severe GERD for years. On an off PPI's for almost 5 years, several endoscopies, pain 24h per day.
It was so the bad I almost went for surgery.
Then I tried the low fodmap diet and it went away.
Now I only have to avoid alcohol, onions, garlic and sweet fruits to keep it at bay.
Tina Turner Is Remembered as a Resilient Trailblazer
@dang: This headline is just plain wrong. NVDA’s forecasts are $4b higher than analyst expectations. I have no clue what OP is reading.
Nvidia Poised for Record Sales as AI Demand Kicks In
Ford in reverse gear over AM radio removal after Congress threatens action
Lineaje Unveils SBOM360 Hub for Software Bills of Materials
... I had no idea this existed. I've been a member since the DVD days (with a couple brief interruptions—and I'll probably re-cancel again pretty soon, until something gets me back in for a while)
It's still declaring an intention to commit a crime either way though, isn't it? Unless you truly believe any prosecutorial organization wouldn't be able to crack the code.
Tangential, but can someone explain the dichotomy of man pages vs info pages? Are they competitors, complements? Seems like many tools, like find, have sections for both.

Seems like man pages get all the love. Google searches often result in man page results, but not info pages.

Can someone educate me? Thank you :)
Having never read any of PKD's works before, I'd be interested in starting with his short stories (especially those that haven't yet been made into a movie, since I'd likely have seen it).

Looks like PKD wrote (at least) 87 short stories [1]- any recommendations or under-appreciated favorites from HN folks?

EDIT:

A few that have been recommended on Reddit [2] that look interesting include "The Exit Door Leads In", "The Golden Man", and "Autofac".

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Short_stories_by_Phil...

2. https://www.reddit.com/r/printSF/comments/a0blwl/rank_your_t...
I actually did not know this existed and have been manually converting json to structs
The reason is that writing yourself is a critical thinking tool. It helps you work through the logic and arguments and has benefits well beyond just the content that gets put down. It's the journey, not the destination that matters!

Also, don't outsource your thinking to AI or the media (mainstream & social)
Try working it with regular tools and you'll be even more amazed. It's incredible stuff.
I'm a bit surprised you haven't seen more of a move towards annual plans. HBO already offers a 20% discount. At some price delta you start to make switching in and out unattractive for all but the hardest core binge watcher and optimizer.
> The example the author gives, throwing an error on the default section, is a bit contrived. I agree that exhaustiveness checks should be pushed into the compiler wherever possible and enums are generally less useful than they could be. That said, there are many, many times where you actually want to the use the default section in a switch statement.

It might be worth rereading. Goetz/Bierman are not saying switch defaults are always useless, they are saying that they are often useless. My own experience as a daily Java programmer suggests that the example is not at all contrived - I'm constantly writing switch defaults that will never run.

> Writing in a strongly typed language where you only have to match and handle a few special states out of many would be absolutely abysmal without a default.

Personally, I would much prefer being explicit about which states the code was written to handle, and have the compiler guide me towards asserting that newly added states are valid.
Seems like the OS should be able to store only the active working memory and silently discard stuff like disk cache when hibernating, so the hibernate would only be slow if you really had the machine seriously loaded up with work. Maybe if you're doing heavy duty video editing? Or VMs I guess.

I wish I had more trust in laptops to properly handle putting itself into S2 when I close the lid, and then after 30 minutes (or if the battery gets low) go down into S3. But I've seen far too many laptops just fail to properly suspend for whatever reason.
MLP-mixer: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28581570

and https://towardsdatascience.com/mlp-mixer-in-a-nutshell-eccff...
No automatic blinkers either.
If this is a hard requirement, then perhaps parametric insurance[1]?

I don't have any examples at hand but I've heard about an insurance offer tied to SLAs for external products.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric_insurance
> I've definitely saved thousands on some of the work I've done

Was that a necessary work tho?
"whereas poor test scores are usually followed by school closures, reduced salary negotiations, and state/federal oversight"

Not in San Francisco.

Whenever SF public schooling comes up in a f2f conversation, I ask people how much they think SFUSD spends per student per year.

People's estimates are usually 1/3 to 1/2 of the actual figure: $22k per year.

$1.1bn/year for ~50k students. About half of them can read+write at grade level. Same for math.
wow, I have the same issue but not related to acid or GERD. mine is triggered by water or saliva. My throat would close up, and I couldn't breathe. It has a name, and on YT, you can see a video of an episode happening. it looks and feels like an asthma attack. And even though I'm always fine, I still fight back the panic. I have gotten better. I can quickly close part of my throat before the water or saliva touched the part of the throat that triggers it. I also learned not to fight it. do not try too hard to breathe, especially through the mouth. instead, I breathe slowly and gently through the nose. I then relax and maybe let out a cough or two, then I can breathe again.
> Yes but in 2023 a 1TB SSD is $40.

Depends where you're buying it. If it's soldered to the motherboard of the laptop it's going to be a lot more expensive.
Treasury Targets DPRK Malicious Cyber and Illicit IT Worker Activities
>"Fire in a Crowded Theater"

That one's apparently a myth.

https://reason.com/2022/10/27/yes-you-can-yell-fire-in-a-cro...
I always had the Customer keep a written log of which tapes were used on which days. It helped for accountability but also prevented the "Oh, shit, we have to catalog all the tapes because the log of which tapes were used on which day are on the now-failed server."
I don't know about *main* parties but Airbnb should be able to figure this out if they had half a brain.

Who typically rents a large house that can sleep 12 or more for a few nights at mega-bucks rate?

An oligarch and his entourage? A polygamous family of devout Mormons? Or a bunch of friends looking to party together on vacation?

Maybe it's just me but my money is on the latter more often than not.

Look at the size of the house and it's location and most sensible people should be able to tell right away if it is a party palace or not. If so, a party should be no surprise --- and the security deposit should be set accordingly.
Don't you think we'll get to the point where individual AI instances will be as ubiquitous as calculators? Or will it always require massive compute power that keeps the generative AI population low?
To add, thinking a bit more about it: Designing formats to be understandable by future civilizations actually reduces to a surprising degree to the same set of problems which METI has to face. As in, sending signals designed to be intelligible to extraterrestrials - Carl Sagan's Contact, etc.

Even if you write an ASCII message directly to a tape, that data is obviously going to be encoded before being written to the tape, and you have no idea if anyone will be able to figure out that encoding in future. Trouble.

What makes this particularly pernicious is the fact that LTO nowadays is a proprietary format(!!). I believe the spec for the first generation or two of LTO might be available, but last I checked, it's been proprietary for some time. The spec is only available to the (very small) consortium of companies which make the drives and media. And the number of companies which make the drives is now... two, I think? (They're often rebadged.) Wouldn't surprise me to see it drop to one in the future.

This seems to make LTO a very untrustworthy format for archiving, which is deeply unfortunate.
i'm doing good thinking about it less times
Yes, that’s my understanding.

One advantage of summing is that the lower frequency terms hardly change for a small text, so effectively there is more capacity for embeddings with short texts, while still encoding order in long texts.
I was referring to engineering, not the rest of the business.
For me mint was a trigger of worse reflux, but apparently it helps some people.
I have a Pi 3 B you can buy off me if you're interested.
They did miss, but they missed way over; not the normal way finance talks about it.
“Students today depend on paper too much. They don’t know how to write on a slate without getting chalk dust all over themselves. They can’t clean a slate properly. What will they do when they run out of paper?”
We have both itty bitty calculators and supercomputers, so pretty feasible to have both edge AIs and central ones.
I love the idea that someone might book a flight purely based on a hostname. Maybe they even have a Perl script for it!
Some say trying to compete with it bankrupted the Soviet Union.
For large categories of questions, I get better answers faster on ChatGPT. If I'm not asking the most basic question on a subject I'm usually better off than I would be searching.
Well, ULA needs some big DoD contract to launch heavy objects.

Military solid state lasers are finally getting powerful enough to be useful. Below 100KW, they weren't effective enough, and it took decades to get the power up. Northrop-Grumman delivered a 150KW laser to the Navy in 2021.
Lockheed-Martin delivered a 300KW demo unit last year.[1] These are ground or sea based. Israel's Iron Beam system tried lasers, but below 100KW, and only useful against small rockets and drones. Since that's what their opposition shoots at them, it's useful.

Space-based lasers have lots of problems, from cooling to being big targets themselves.
But they're a much less silly idea than they were in the 1980s.

We may be seeing the biggest reversal in war since late WWI - defense may be stronger than offense again. Historically, this has gone back and forth. In the era of castles, defense was stronger. Then came artillery. WWI started out with defense being stronger - nobody could advance against machine guns. Then came tanks and the beginnings of air power. Offense has usually been stronger since then. Now we're entering an era where nobody has air superiority. There's a mostly empty sky. If it flies, it dies. On the ground, tanks are now very vulnerable to man-portable weapons.

When defense is stronger, wars lead to bloody stalemates, like Ukraine. Nobody can force a decision.
Battles are long, bloody and destructive. The winning side gets to own the ruins.

[1] https://newatlas.com/military/lockheed-martin-delivers-recor...
Can also recommend this book. Good read.
Mine was basically ignoring all the mining, get as many food plots as possible, and focus on energy and food. Worked well against the computer, they believed there will be enough supply. But I actually bought out the warehouse and then drove prices extremely high.

So I sold food energy at a higher pricepoint than the ore. Often the AI players couldn't afford food / energy anymore and therefore their production collapsed and they did not have enough food to have enough time to change the installations on their plots.
not really. If a Patriot systems fires out $5M of ammo, gets destroyed, but shot down missiles that otherwise would have destroyed 5 tanks, that might be an absolute bargain. similarly, if it shot out $5M ammo against $20M worth of missiles fired at it..
I don't necessarily fully agree with what I'm about to say, but it's a logical conclusion I came to while reading this:

If a psychotic person is considered incapable of consent, then it should be especially wrong to commit them, even voluntarily. A lack of ability to consent does not imply consent, which is a doctrine that's critical to concepts like statutory rape. I don't think that the argument that people incapable of rejecting treatment with a sound mind should be treated _because_ of that incapability holds too much water.

Subjectively, I agree with the author that much of this treatment is necessary. But objectively, it's hard to fit it into a (or, at least, my personal) framework of consent.

Don't take this response personally - this is mostly me pointing out an inconsistency in my own personal philosophy.
>Output formatting is still a type of transformation!

I'll quote part of my reply (which you missed):

(Btw making print formatting unit testable means segregating the formatting from the print. Produce the string first, test that, then print, because print can never be unit tested by definition)

Right? Think about it. You want to unit test your formatting, remove the logic from the atomic IO function. Otherwise you can't test it via a unit test because that's the definition of unit testing. I realize that there is formatting that's part of the internal functionality of printf, but really all that means is that funcitonality can never really be unit tested. If you want to test printf, that happens at the integration level... By Defintion.

>BTW I gave ChatGPT the prompt I would give, and I have to say the answer looks pretty good, even if I'm not a Python programmer and it's not the way I'd do it (which would be to change the function to allow passing in an output stream):

It's wrong in this case. Unless you specifically asked it to write unit testable code, what it did here is write a hack that monkey patches the program. It's a huge hack. It didn't write unit testable code, but rather it wrote a integration test that monkey patches stdout, negating any need to make your code "unit testable" no refactoring needed using this method. The entire concept of refactoring code to be unit testable flies out the door in this case as you're just using integration tests to get around everything.

I mean yeah you use the unit test library but is not technically a unit test. It's fine I'm not a stichler for what style of testing is used in practice but what I am saying is that what chatgpt did previously was literally follow my instructions to the letter. It did it exactly 100% correctly. Think about it. I asked chatgpt to make the Code more unit testable. You didn't have chatgpt do anything to the code. You simply changed the test from a unit test to integration test. Huge difference. I mean if your case was the "proper" way then what does it even mean to make code "unit testable" if you're not even touching the code? Like why does the concept of "making code more unit testable" even exist if we're just changing tests to make everything unit testable? Ask yourself this and you'll realize that the only answer is basically what I just told you previously.
As a US friend of mine puts it: "Never let the truth get in the way of a good story".
It's truly disheartening to see examples where someone (presumably a real human) thinks that all law enforcement, across all nations and times, and in all cases, are equal.
IoT includes all kinds of big industrial stuff. One would hope the people building it do a good job keeping the connected bits away from the critical bits, but past decades of that industry don't make one too hopeful about it. (Although something like this specifically would be less likely to be used, yes)
also one of these papers is from Schmidhuber

and https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23649542 gives some context to the "For instance, in 1991, which is about two-and-a-half decades before the original transformer paper above ("Attention Is All You Need")"
I thought all software devs went extinct last week...
> Am I gonna find out that every TED talk is basically BS?

Uh, hi, I have bad news for you about the quality and consistency of TED talks...
No it's not. The response body says they are overloaded, I thought that at first until I noticed the response body. We are also nowhere near the API limit (they return this in the headers).
This is an absolutely ridiculous ask for a company which is already unable to service the extraordinary demand for their product. AWS itself only credits a month if a service is down for over 30 hours[1]

People are going to use OpenAI if it's good. Nobody really cares about SLA if the product is incredible.

[1] https://aws.amazon.com/legal/service-level-agreements/?aws-s...
Suggestion: Start slipping unique URLs into the "hidden" backend fields of systems where you'd like to know if your data was breached, improperly used, or handed over to a three letter agency.

Suddenly getting hits at mydomain.com/[uuid]? At least you know somebody has looked at the data, or at the very least fed it through some processing tool that is extracting and visiting the URLs.
Ehhhh, your argument was more that "severely underdamped" could be the best, even if it requires an additional forcing factor (firing/layoffs) to bring it back down to the setpoint.

The person you replied to was arguing that perhaps something a bit more mildly underdamped could get rid of the requirement for that extra complication (firing / layoffs).
I think we will, but I think at least for a while they'll be cloud-connected. And at the very least, they'll be battery-dependent. I wouldn't want to be unable to write well when my AI assistant runs out of juice for the day.

I'd be surprised if we have solar-powered AI assistants in my lifetime, in the way that we have solar-powered calculators.
Also, in-patient mental healthcare is a crapshoot. Sometimes, you'll have a positively life-changing experience. Some other times though, you'll have the most traumatic experience of your life. We need to fix the image of the treatment itself before the image of involuntary commitment can improve.
A look at the Free Russia Legion, the pro-Ukrainian group that attacked Belgorod
Ten or twenty buildings on the continental US being hit by Russian hypersonic missiles may seem like basically nothing, but on 9/11 we lost two buildings, plus minor damage to the Pentagon, and the US collectively lost it's shit. It's still looking for it, more than a decade later. It's not the destruction from the Russian missiles I'm worried about, it's the US's totally unhinged response that I'm afraid of.
Isn't copyright infringement a tort not a crime? Why is the FBI involved at all?
World of Goo is a very old game. At this point, extra revenue from it is pure gravy.
Running a native binary in an environment with a large attack space and user level permissions is not NEARLY the same as running javascript in a browser with all of its sandboxing, isolation, and controls. And you know it.
Yes definitely but the broader point is the lack of transparency on status pages. It's imo got vastly worse than it has has ever been in the past few days.
SAME! I was waiting for this comment. To me this is result is wonderful! It's like, the physical world behaving in an intuitive, mathematical way once you realize it. I loved reading this.

I love it.
Amazing! Our team at Airbnb built something similar for internal users: https://medium.com/airbnb-engineering/journey-platform-a-low...

Very cool how we both use Temporal for workflow orchestration. Love the git idea, Wish you the best!
Sounds like an idea for gpt-based startup. You should raise some money for that
I enjoyed his ripping on the activist class, as he’s mostly right there far as I can tell.

Beyond that, wow, this is a complex issue…
Thanks, I was wondering what it might be about. That makes some sense.
Those are all very fair things to think - though it occurs to me that feeling confident about the accuracy of your understanding of the "complexity and inconsistency of the underlying problem space" greatly depends on the judgement of the same people whose judgement you don't trust.

That said I think "how should we talk about and hold things when we are uncertain" is an important and interesting discussion in itself. One does know some things about some things - but not all things about all things. Language is hard to use well, but we could improve our use of it!
Obviously to know what to restore, you need to index the data on the tapes. Tape is not a random access medium, there is no way around this.

This is only for a complete disaster scenario, if you’re restoring one PC or one file, you would still have the backup server and the database. But if you don’t, you need to run the command to reconstruct the database.
Also remember what a disaster alot of us-systems were that went untested by real battlefield situations for decades.
https://www.vice.com/en/article/8xkgw4/patriot-missile-saudi...

Its clearly a mostly unuseable trade chip of buying projected security for buying weapon exports. Which is okay, but for actual protection, look towards countries who actually use the equipment they have regularly in a warzone against a opponent similar to the expected opponent.
Israel, turkey, other middle eastern countries, lots of african and some south american countries come to mind.

Everything else is.. a mixed bag
A few friends who started reporting GERD all the time at the start of the pandemic, didn't make the connection between working and eating in bed or the sofa at times, and the gradual worsening, compounded with the usual inflammatory foods and sleeping on the wrong side or without any inclination, the body's buffer depletes so to speak and those issues appear more frequently.
> Patriot battery fired 32 missiles against incoming targets[1], but got hit nonetheless

This phrasing suggests that the only objective that Patriot had was to defend itself, which it failed. However, Patriot system in question was also tasked with defending a lot of critical objects in Kiyv, all of which have not been hit.

Any system can be saturated and overrun. To make an honest assessment, we need to know exactly how many Patriot systems were on the ground, and how many targets were they tasked to protect.
The only surefire method to keep the bits readable is to continue moving them onto new media every few years. Data has a built-in recurring cost. I'd love to see a solution to that problem but I think it's unlikely. It's a least possible, though, that we'll come up with a storage medium with sufficient density and durability that'll it'll be good enough.

I don't even want to think about the hairy issues associated with keeping the bits able to be interpreted. That's a human behavior problem more than a technology problem.
"WASM IS compiled code"

Yes, but to a VM, so the same code can run wherever there is a wasm runtime (number is growing).