skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
And all the file sandboxing approaches I've seen so far only seem to cater for the simple "choose a single file (or directory)" workflow and break multi-file formats, any customised UX around file I/O and any other advanced workflows.

To some extent that's just laziness, because who cares for the long tail of workflows, right, and to some extent unfortunately it's a fundamental trade-off of sandboxing (the OS can't know the details of each and every file format and which files are related and need to be opened together even if the user only launched one file, the application developer does know, but is the untrusted party; being able to paste a file path directly into a GUI respectively directly edit it there can be comfortable, but it bypasses the official secure OS file picker, so again a no-go, etc. etc.).
Yeah, the kid thing especially. (Mine likes Octonauts and Ada Twist.)
No, they do not. This is the technical distinction that I'm trying to get at.

A "function", in the academic literature, is a form that has two parts: a set of variables that it binds (called the parameters) and a bit of encapsulated functionality (called the body). The function itself has no knowledge of the outside world. This is why the notion of free variables is important, or even relevant. A free variable is any variable that occurs unbound within the body of a function. The function doesn't know anything about the free variables; they simply exist within it.

A "closure" is a pairing of a function with an environment. If you are talking about functions and "their" environments, you are talking about closures. In most languages, a function is only syntactically valid if all of its free variables are bound within the surrounding environment. (However, if you were to implement a language with dynamic scope instead of the now-standard lexical scope, you wouldn't even check such a thing statically.)

---

I'd like to try to make my point by drawing an analogy to another pair of PL terms that are often similarly conflated: "parameters" and "arguments".

A parameter is a variable that occurs in the binding context of a function definition, and is therefore considered to be bound within the body of the function. Parameters are not free variables.

An argument is a value that is passed to a function during a function call. Arguments are bound to parameters during the set-up of the function call.

Let's imagine I want to talk about an anonymous function `(λ (x) (add1 x))`. This is a function that has one parameter, `x`. It then returns the result of incrementing the value of `x` by 1 (we are assuming the value is a number).

If I had instead said that this function "takes one argument `x`", it would technically have been incorrect. When we're talking about the function, we know nothing about the arguments it will eventually take; we only have information about the parameters.

It is exceedingly common for people to use these terms interchangeably, but they are actually distinct in the academic literature, as they each refer to entirely separate (though related) things. The function/closure distinction is similar. Many people use the terms interchangeably, but they are actually meant to be separate. You are conflating them, and my comments here have been meant to educate people about the actual distinction.
It's basically an index stored on faster media. You would have redundancy on that media, too.
Nobel-Winning Physicist Wolfgang Pauli on Science, and Our Search for Meaning
AssemblyScript can be used for that too, though it’s not it’s main purpose
King-man got me thinking about the VAE paper for a second :)
Show HN: My word game now has GPT-4 generated poetry
Hi!

I just added a new feature to my daily word game https://squareword.org that I though you may find interesting. The game consists of a puzzle of 5x5 letters containing 10 words, that need to be revealed by guessing 5 letter words.

Now, once the player has solved the puzzle, they are presented with a poem containing some of these words, generated by GPT-4. Here is an example from a few days ago: https://twitter.com/SquareWordOrg/status/1660702885154377730

While the poems do not always make complete sense and are somewhat whimsical, I am quite impressed by the ability of the model to create an often coherent, rhyming poem from the disparate words. It gives me some extra motivation to solve the daily puzzle!
On the Netflix app it takes maybe 3 seconds to change profiles. Does it work differently with their games?
So the 'other people' are too lazy to take the bottles back to the store that they are already going to?
Hypersonic Weapons: Overhyped or Superweapons?
OpenAI (and everyone else, for that matter) should consider moving their status page under a domain other than their main one (openai.com), to prevent the status page itself from becoming unreachable in case of a DNS outage.
UK PM meeting with leading CEOs in AI
The search results are better. That's why I'm using it. The privacy part is not important to me, but having the best search results possible is important. I'm done wasting my time.
Jan 3, 2022: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29775910
There is a 4th kind of hypersonic missile: Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS)

> rocket launched into orbital flight, which later re-entered the atmosphere and released a maneuverable glide vehicle travelling at hypersonic speeds

https://www.apln.network/analysis/policy-briefs/chinese-frac...
Show HN: A web-based pool (billiards) simulator to improve your real-life game
MillionBalls is a web-based simulator meant to improve your real-life game. This is targeted beginner-intermediate level players who want to learn to visualize shots better.

Unlike typical pool simulators this one constrains you to the views you see as a player at a pool table rather than overhead or other unrealistic views. You'll receive immediate feedback about your aim and historical performance.
Astopharmacology sounds so cool, especially the use of microorganisms to synthesize medicines. I wonder how those drugs will mutate as the organisms go through breeding cycles..
I would posit that chronic inflammation of the stomach mucosa due to the SAD diet could cause neuromuscular problems in the regions that control the LES.
Wouldn't it make sense to also write the backup catalog to the tape though? Seems like a very obvious thing to do to me.
Or you can compile it to C with wasm2c or w2c2 for much better performance
Milk-V Offers a Trio of RISC-V boards, from Pi-sized to micro-ATX
> One of the main reasons that people complain about rust is because it has an extremely loud group of evangelists who often shame other people for taking a different approach and essentially refuse to acknowledge that others have a point about its weaknesses.

Name them. Maybe you don’t have real names but you can probably cough up some Internet handles.

The “fanatical rustacean” is a bit of a 2018 thing. Out of the few who are actually evangelists I an fact think that they can be way too nice and conflict-averse (“right tool for the job”).
Peter Ward: “Oceans - What’s the Worst that Can Happen?”

Scary stuff.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eM1aakTzMw

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermohaline_circulation#Shutd...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_meridional_overturnin...
Feature Flags, or Feature Toggles, is a powerful development approach allowing teams to modify system behavior without changing code.
Great to know that. I'll let the parents of Uvalde know how surveillance reduced crime on the 1 year anniversary of the school shooting.

Surveillance does not reduce crime, tending to people's basics needs so that they don't need to commit crimes reduces crimes.
Not that I'm agreeing or disagreeing, but it's kind of funny you mention that in the context of World of Goo, a game that famously was a gigantic hit, extremely affordable, made with love by two indy devs… and had a 90% piracy rate

https://www.destructoid.com/wankers-world-of-goo-has-a-90-pi...
Conservatives have always been pro-elite authoritarians since the term was introduced as a political label.

Its a weird effect of branding done to bring Right-Libertarians into the Republican fold that over the last few decades people have started getting accused of not being “real conservatives” for not adhering to libertarian views, but that’s the most authentically conservative thing in the world.
It's not ammo for handheld guns that is the primary issue in Ukraine for both sides; it's the artillery shells. The main reason why Russian losses in Bakhmut were so high is because Wagner took the city by waves after waves of infantry assaults on fortified urban positions with very little artillery support - because they cannot sustain it.

This isn't really a surprise, either - this isn't any different from any other major modern war where the sides are roughly on par. The original surprise was that Ukraine managed to hold up against the initial invasion such that positional warfare became more prominent, and with it the traditional dominant role of artillery.
Kangaroo12(K12) is a reduced-round KECCAK(aka SHA3) hash. Their HopMAC recommendation is only for K12 (and presumably Marsupilami14), not general purpose like HMAC (it's also quite similar to HMAC[0]). There's also KMAC[1] which is based on full-round KECCAK, avoiding the double hash.

HopMAC(K,M)=H(K || H(M))
HMAC(K,M)=H(K || H(K || M))

[0]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-irtf-cfrg-kangarootwe...
[1]: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.S...
It is even more absurd that this is for Memorial Day and 4th of July.

If anything I would say it is more like renting out off-road race cars and then complaining people got them muddy.
Knowledge that they weren't taken as a child, that they got to experience a fuller life.
No idea. But if you let your kid use your profile to play, how are YOU going to enjoy World of Goo?
I haven't yet, but it's in my future.

It's not realistic for me to retire early and I suspect I will be obsolete in the tech industry long before the age of 70.

My plan is to work on lowering my living expenses to the point that as of the age of 50-55, I can switch to a job that is local, not in tech, lower paid, in the physical world, connected to real people. It's obviously not going to be very hard labor at that age.

The idea is to pay down the entire mortgage, optimize the home for energy use, and reduce to just one small cheap car, or maybe even none at all. There's plenty smaller items to save on, but that's the bulk of it. Funny thing is that it's barely even a lifestyle downgrade.

It should add that this is our plan. My wife is in. She has an office job, not in tech, but is equally done with it. A massive waste of life, it drains the soul. We estimate that by that time, it requires as little as 1.5 x minimum wage to keep things going. Which is an absolute joke compared to our current combined earning power.

I'm under no illusion that our potential new jobs are going to be terribly exciting. It doesn't have to be.

Our plan isn't just driven by a disgust for the modern office or fear of becoming obsolete, it's also because we realized that retirement is a scam. We both have a large family and the general pattern we observe is that around the age of 70, most people are broken, exhausted, dead or have lost their partner. They do not thrive in magical new freedoms, travel, or hobbies for some 2 decades. They perish. They sit, talk and complain and slowly see their peers fall apart.

Brutal, but the lesson is to not delay gratification that long. Work with the assumption that retirement sucks and that you're on the clock to improve your life during your good years.

Anyway, what was the question again?
This is the commit that changed it:
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensor2tensor/commit/d5bdfcc85...
I'm surprised when friends insist on having candles around just in case there's a power cut — phones (and, if one insists on an independent backup, torches) just seem so much better.

Right now, where you say makes sense in the way candles used to make sense; but that's only because the good LLMs have to run on servers — there are lesser downloadable language models that run on just about anything, including phones and Raspberry Pi[0], and it's almost certain that (if we don't all die and/or play a game of Global Thermonuclear War etc.) it'll soon be exactly like having a calculator outage.

And if it's on a Pi, a solar powered calculator outage at that.

[0] What is the plural of Pi? Pis, Pies, Πs, or something else? Regardless: https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/you-c...
AKA the Valsalva maneuver: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsalva_maneuver

I've used it to gently raise the pressure of my inner ear. (My eustacheans often clog up due to allergies.) But make sure you know what you're doing. It can drive mucus _into_ your inner ear.
For good and for bad, let's not forget it won't support (at least a big portion of) existing npm modules.
This sounds like completely made up rubbish to me. Reflective surfaces definitely absorb less heat. Mirrors may however be impractical and may not reflect enough to make the missile immune.
Coupling sets of 4, 5 or 6 coach trains together is done regularly. There are scheduled trains where this is done partway through the journey.

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=1j2e-R1cv9w
http://worrydream.com/refs/Bush%20-%20As%20We%20May%20Think%... p.123

> The owner of the memex, let us say, is interested in the origin and properties of the bow and arrow. Specifically he is studying why the short Turkish bow was apparently superior to the English long bow in the skirmishes of the Crusades. He has dozens of possibly pertinent books and articles in his memex. First he runs through an encyclopedia, finds an interesting but sketchy article, leaves it projected. Next, in a history, he finds another pertinent item, and ties the two together. Thus he goes, building a trail of many items. Occasionally he inserts a comment of his own, either linking it into the main trail or joining it by a side trail to a particular item. When it becomes evident that the elastic properties of available materials had a great deal to do with the bow, he branches off on a side trail which takes him through textbooks on elasticity and tables of physical constants. He inserts a page of longhand analysis of his own. Thus he builds a trail of his interest through the maze of materials available to him.

Montaigne incorporates classical material (by reference) into the personal trails of his essays. Like https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millefiori beads, Glass Bead Game (Hesse) players incorporate old material into new contexts of their own devising...
Concentrating all right-wing conservatives into a single region with limited federal representation may work wonders for solving a country's problems.
> but i do not see you offering me a WASM runtime for the 8051 either

As long as there’s a C compiler for it, just use https://github.com/WebAssembly/wabt/blob/main/wasm2c/README.... or https://github.com/turbolent/w2c2

That way, you get the portability of C, the optimisation power of GCC or your favourite C compiler and the portablity and determinism of WASM! Obviously there’s some overhead but there are definitely situations where this is a good option, especially where there’s a compiler available for WASM but not for whatever obscure platform you want to use
Ahh, do the smart thing and lie about graduating from MIT. You can tell them you lied after you make it through the tech interviews.
Might be, but Union Square, Lower Nob Hill, and Tenderloin all fall under the SFPD's Tenderloin Prescinct - which has seen recruiting and staffing collapse (doesn't help that Tenderloin PD needs officers fluent in Arabic, Vietnamese, Teochow, Hokkien, Cantonese, Mandarin, Pashto, Nepali, Spanish, Mayan, and Khmer due to the demographics of the neighborhood).

There's a very real issue of understaffing and underfunding which leads to the issues that exist with SFPD today. The exact same neglect and funding crisis is impacting SFUSD, SFMTA, and other public institutions in the city.

Normally, I'm not a fan of privatization, but Rincon Hill and Mission Bay have both proven that public services are better provided by the private management those neighborhoods have.
I apologise for the error. Here is the correct page: https://imgur.io/LYfEsML
Are they really JPEGs and MP3s, or just bitrot?

I've found https://github.com/ImpulseAdventure/JPEGsnoop useful to fix corruption but I haven't come across a non-standard JFIF JPEG unless it was intentionally designed to accommodate non-standard features (alpha channel etc).
Obama set up a pandemic preparedness office which coordinated with China. can't call it a huge win, since the other guy dismantled it in 2018, but easy to say there's a person who saw a thing that others missed.

(edit: oops, I said that already. sorry, it's been a week. only just saw this reply.)

the big win with remote work is not selling off commerical real estate but being smart enough not to buy it in the first place. or to found a screensharing and video chat company. so a big winner there is Zoom. and a whole set of winners would be the companies who were already doing remote work and didn't have to skip a beat.

other companies which saw a boost from the pandemic: literally all of e-commerce. every sketchy ad on Instagram selling a $10 product from Alibaba for $50. and the platform they ran on: Shopify. which of course overhired when it saw a huge boom in traffic, and now has had to correct that overhiring.

delayed reply but there are countless examples.
Verizon warns customer service employees of impending layoffs
> However, the only practical way to defend against long-range hypersonic gliders, which can threaten entire regions along a single flight corridor, is from Space. Orbiting DE platforms, looking down on entire regions from the ultimate high ground can leverage “birth to death” tracking of any given glider, combined with its speed of light “interceptor,” to completely nullify this threat.

But wouldn't an attacker then first take out the DE satellite, and only after launch the missile?
Do you really have 512 GB of RAM on that box?
Not an SR-71, but a couple of weeks ago I was listening to a pilot/amateur radio operator making contacts on the 20m band while he flew from Texas to Nevada. I'm assuming their radios are a bit more flexible on what frequencies they can transmit on.

Edit -- Found him: https://www.qrz.com/db/K4RNN
yt-dlp is everywhere - why would they go after pypi and not the source at https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp
Shortening copyright that much might not change the median net present value of a creative work that much, but if there are enough heavy long-term sellers in the top few percent, it might still noticeably impact the average NPV. Though I'm curious how those numbers might actually look like, myself.

It might also have some unforeseen consequences on preservation, especially when the version of the work that gets released to the general public is of inferior quality to the master copy the remains hidden in the vaults (either due to limitations of the technology of the day, or because so far it wasn't supposed to have been released and all the public gets are some bootlegs of varying quality or even nothing at all)?

Without copyright, one likely major incentive for the continued preservation of those master copies disappears, especially if that master copy is held by some commercial enterprise which must make money in order to survive.

(With books that's less of an issue because it's easy to perfectly recover the original text even from a book with mediocre printing quality – with music and video on the other hand you're stuck with the limitations of the original publishing medium forever unless you can go back to the master copy.)

So on the one hand, yes, I do agree that life + 70 years is somewhat on the too long side, and all the more so for out-of-print, orphaned or otherwise once-published-but-now-unavailable works. On the other hand I've also been enjoying quite a few CD/digital re-releases of vinyl-era music as well as some releases of tracks that had remained officially unreleased for a few decades, both of which likely wouldn't have happened if those works weren't still in copyright (and therefore of commercial value) at that point.
I was a student at the same time, and if memory serves correctly, the school's authentication server was down for multiple days at a time. This is a requirement to log into pretty much anything on campus. I remember being unable to access Canvas to download assignments and notes or read professor announcements.
> The reason we have billionaires is because they (or their parents) provided a service that other people wanted.

Incorrect. There are plenty of services that other people wanted that didn't result in billionaires. Billionaires exist because workers were exploited.
(Deleted comment as it was wrongly assuming bias)
I became aware of her as a teen seeing Goldeneye in the theaters. I remember it as one of the times where you think to yourself, I must find this song. (It was much harder back in the day, fortunately, the Bond movies always make a big deal of who is singing the theme). As far a Bond themes go, it's second only to Duran Duran's view to a kill. In any case, I'm glad that led me to her incredible voice and catalogue.
I lived it and it was never as bad as people make out to be.
Agreed, but it shows where the issue lies - with the City and County of San Francisco.

And honestly, looking at how Rincon Hill and Mission Bay both privatized their operations and keep the neighborhoods extremely clean and safe, I am starting to feel privatization is the only short term solution that might help, no matter how unsavory it is.
Same with my wifes old macbook
Officially they're charged with espionage. The beneficiary wasn't specified, which lead to speculation that it is China, since if it were US or any other Western country, the official propaganda would be running amok with it.
> I don't know why the myth that private sector entities create technologies is so pervasive

Money pays to protect money, so all sorts of convenient myths are part of the common knowledge.

Privatization is destroying the world. Capitalism is only a plausible economic system under heavy regulation and governments with more power than the corporations.
> I really disliked having to use Brave Search a bit more towards the end of the month to stay within my quota.

Is it really that important to stay within the quota? You're literally counting cents.
Isn't doing good because you want a reward the opposite of the pious good you're supposed to enact to get to heaven?

I've been wrestling with this line of thought for a while, having recently rewatched The Good Place brought it back
Wikipedia and Open Access
Yep, just look on ebay. It's completely crazy. And people actually buy them for that price, too, it's just not offers sitting there for years without a taker.
Our wedding rings are titanium. The engineering geek in me loves it for nerdy reasons, and the metal allergies in my wife love it for other reasons.
Supermicro Shows Liquid-Cooled Nvidia H100 Delta Next at ISC 2023
And now you know why!
I'm still failing to see the difference between this and MIRVs. (But with fins!)
Trading multiple interceptors too expensive/infeasible long term against peer adversaires, magazine depth favours offense. Against peer adversaires with increasing long range precision stike, CONUS survivability against conventional attacks will eventually be an issue and the underpinning of US expeditionary model depends on ability to power project with CONUS impunity even against peers. Once that balance is upset US has to contend with homeland escalation like her adversaries.
Then following up on blibble's question: What is the difference to the UK and other western countries that mostly also have free speech with what looks to me very similar restrictions?

Honest question, like blibble, I don't really understand it either?