skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Money is one compelling form of power, sure. And one a regular citizen also sort of understands, albeit not at scale.

But being able to takeover ports, build bases, make claims on other nations is a way to extend sovereignty far outside your borders, that is power that sometimes yes will be used to make money. But sometimes there are indeed other more direct interests that need serving, that these debts will lever them access to.

Overall I think it's more harmful than useful to flatten the interests down to being all about money. States have other things they must also do & maintain, and not all of them are easily buyable.
You rarely need to implement something that has a full testsuite/proof already. You're typically building something new, which means that if you write tests/proofs for it, those are also new code which means they might also be wrong.
I have used Glassdoor on multiple occasions, writing reviews of my employers over the years, and I was never asked to use a work email.
If you like pytest and BDD I'd encourage you to check out my pytest library: https://github.com/hitchdev/hitchstory

With it you can write integration tests with typesafe YAML which double as user friendly documentation.

It also has inheritance (which gherkin doesnt) - e.g. a "buy golf clubs" story can inherit from "put golf clubs in shopping basket" story which can inherit from a "log in" story, etc.
It is mentioned in the article, saying that "Thailand was the first country to launch a formal gastrodiplomacy plan with its 2002 Global Thai campaign."

About Thai food, it is interesting to note that Pad Thai, often considered to be the national dish, was in fact made for that purpose. Originating from the mid 20th century, it is hardly traditional. That doesn't make it less delicious, and while it is one of the most accessible of Thai dishes (i.e. not too spicy), it is not just for tourists, locals eat it too.

As for getting into an argument, I would avoid getting into an argument with people whose national sport is one of the most effective martial arts. But Thai people are usually not the kind of people who get into an argument in the first place.
Thats the thing I don't get about countries turning to China. America does things for itself but also does things just to advance democracy. China's only interest is China. If your choice is a semi-friendly loan shark or a smash your kneecaps loan shark, I have no idea why countries are choosing the latter.
I like Rust unit tests, simply because you don't need to set anything up to use them. Also they can go in the module you're testing, so writing tests for things that are not public is simple.
What about those uncontacted tribes!?
why does no one rent out AMD GPUs?

I know those cards are second class citizens in the world of deep learning, but they have had (experimental) pytorch support for a while now, where are the offerings?
Check out https://cerrogordomines.com/ and the related YouTube channel Ghost Town Living.

You pay property tax to the county.
where did it happen?
> "Formally verified software" means that some portion of the software's expected behavior has been rendered as a proposition, and that proposition has been proven correct using some kind of proof assistant or theorem-proving software that we assume correctly validates the proof of the proposition.

All programs that don't contain undefined behavior satisfy this (in an annoying tautological way) because all programs are proofs of themselves. So the thing you're getting paid for, if you are, is to ask the right questions of your theorem prover (which may be a Python interpreter).
An Explanation of LLMs via Metaphor
+1 to Native AOT, I'd love to see the data. Pretty easy to do, add a line of XML to the csproj and a modified `dotnet publish` command.

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/deploying/nati...
ospec is king in JS land. Ultra small, does what I need, gets out of the way and doesn't come with any corny grammar.

https://github.com/MithrilJS/ospec
>Surely you could model a neuron in software with non-trivial internal state and which also responds differently based on "ambient parameters" (ala bathed in chemicals).

Oh you could. and it's been done. But it's much harder to train and seemingly for no real performance benefit other than "like the brain". Backpropagation is just really efficient.
> here’s this assumption in and around the AI community that, as AI gets smarter, at some point, maybe the point of general AI—the point at which AI becomes as intelligent as a human being—suddenly the lights come on for the system, and it’s aware. It doesn’t just do things, it feels things.... There may be some forms of intelligence that require consciousness in humans and other animals. But fundamentally they’re different things. This assumption that consciousness just comes along for the ride is mistaken.

Yes.

And yet the pseudo-scientific game theory analysis of Yudkowsky etc never even contemplates this (as well as so many other possibilities outside their toy analysis). It remains astonishing to me that anyone takes them seriously.
The designer has been caught hating on Unix systems:

https://twitter.com/FontFabrik/status/1598749073900699649?t=...

And programmers:

https://twitter.com/FontFabrik/status/1362050899049332739?t=...

He somehow spares Firefox:

https://twitter.com/FontFabrik/status/1255823283183849472?t=...

And jabs Photoshop:

https://twitter.com/FontFabrik/status/1228650213272965121?t=...

Microsoft is not spared either.

Gotta stop here... This Twitter feed is becoming a reminder that working with typography in software exposes a person to really awful, annoying things...

IDK about the font hate though. I used to teach a typographic design unit to college students and found that loving and handling deftly a few good fonts is far more interesting than hating fifty. The font-hate hype train is easy to board and quite intoxicating in its way.
Vitest - https://vitest.dev/ - for JavaScript

I worked with Jasmine and Jest as well, but Vitest was created recently and to me it seems to have made good improvements over both.
I was just reading William Gibson's short-story collection, "Burning Chrome." The first story is "Johnny Mnemonic", and the last one (a story also titled "Burning Chrome") is supposed to be the very first use of the word cyberspace.

And there's also three stories he co-wrote with other authors -- Bruce Sterling, John Shirley, and Michael Swanick.
Of course no engineers would ever make bad UX decisions.
True. I’ve definitely heard it a few times. But there is one particular occasion that really stuck out at me. The way it was phrased, the specific domain, it was really poignant. I think because it was about terrorists and people losing lives, it brought a more tangible, human, cost to the equation.
Most semi horns are compressed air also, it’s just the train ones are bigger.

Of course, if you are a Real Big Boy you get a horn off of an aircraft carrier.
Rent seeking is a term coined by economists. It has absolutely nothing to do with what you are doing as a landlord (providing housing for money).

An example of rent seeking would be if you lobbied the local council to restrict new building or additional rental units in the area leading to artificially higher rents. It has nothing, directly, to do with receiving income for renting a housing unit
"Those god damn AWS charges" -Silicon Valley.
Might as well build your own GPU farm. Some of these cards, used you can probably get for 6K (guestimating).
I’ve worked on countless codebases with thousands of unit tests, integration tests, synthetic tests, automated acceptance tests, automated UI tests, etc.

The only real “test” is whether it works in production. Everything else is a poor substitute and gives you false confidence. It’s absurd the amount of time and effort we spend on writing tests and we still have as many, if not more bugs in our software than we did before writing tests became a religion.
Meanwhile the IMF, used as tool by western capitalism, has drove countries to the ground, using its loans to pressure for all kind of unpopular ultra-neoliberal reforms that destabilized countries, driving people to extreme poverty, and shredding their social safety nets.

Then there are the direct loans from those "forgiving" debtors (as per the article) which always come with all kinds of strings attached, political pressure to act as satellites, and policy change instructions.

China learned from the best.
Very cool! I'm a huge Feynman fan, and he has a dedicated corner in my library. If I'm not mistaken, I probably own a book you coauthored with him. Thank you for the all the effort you've put into making the Feynman Lectures accessible to anyone with an internet connection.

This is not a question about the website, but I think there might be a chance you know something about it. In Feynman's "Cargo Cult Science" speech [1], there's this anecdote about ways we might fool ourselves in science, using measurements of the elementary charge as an example:

> We have learned a lot from experience about how to handle some of the ways we fool ourselves. One example: Millikan measured the charge on an electron by an experiment with falling oil drops and got an answer which we now know not to be quite right. It’s a little bit off, because he had the incorrect value for the viscosity of air. It’s interesting to look at the history of measurements of the charge of the electron, after Millikan. If you plot them as a function of time, you find that one is a little bigger than Millikan’s, and the next one’s a little bit bigger than that, and the next one’s a little bit bigger than that, until finally they settle down to a number which is higher.

> Why didn’t they discover that the new number was higher right away? It’s a thing that scientists are ashamed of—this history—because it’s apparent that people did things like this: When they got a number that was too high above Millikan’s, they thought something must be wrong—and they would look for and find a reason why something might be wrong. When they got a number closer to Millikan’s value they didn’t look so hard. And so they eliminated the numbers that were too far off, and did other things like that. We’ve learned those tricks nowadays, and now we don’t have that kind of a disease.

Do you happen to know anything about this plot of measurements of elementary charge? There have been some efforts to reproduce it [2], but IMO they don't really match Feynman's description.

[1]: https://calteches.library.caltech.edu/51/2/CargoCult.htm

[2]: e.g. https://scipython.com/blog/measurements-of-the-electron-char...
In this case, it seems like your best bet is to consult with a lawyer.

Have you tried asking the company to arrange a sale with a current investor that's interested in investing more?
There are a lot of parallels to the Thompson Center building in Chicago. It’s more or less Helmut Jahn’s prototype for the Sony Center in Berlin and housed government offices. The government couldn’t keep up with maintenance, let it rot, and finally sold it to Google who are planning to make it into a showcase office building. So we get to see if a profit-driven business can maintain such a building!
>but also does things just to advance democracy

Or so it self-advetises.

"Advancing democracy" originated as an anti-communist theme, in the Cold war era fight for global influence, and after 1991 it turned into a hammer to yield against mostly Arab countries and others with resources and/or independent foreign policy.

This democracy advancing didn't have issues sponsoring and supporting dictatorships (say, Pinochet in the 70s and Saddam in the 80s to name but a few), or being best buddies with a family that owns a whole country non-democratically and are known for huge human rights abuses (buddies until recently at least).

In the last 20 years alone, it has turned 4 countries into much worse than they were.
Neat data. I love how the highest/lowest price adapts to the viewpoint.
NativeAOT will have negligible impact on memory usage or performance here. JIT performance on average is higher than NAOT.
How do I actually try this out / use it? Are there docs or examples anywhere?
I own a farm in the middle of no where. It’s amazing to be out there, you’ll hear just the breeze.

Three generations ago (and all prior generations of humans) had mostly silence. I regularly go and camp, work out there, etc. it’s shocking how different it is.

I question if we are really evolved to handle the world we built.
Ask HN: How do you monitor NLP models in production?
Those of you who use NLP models in production, how do you monitor them? I'm looking at deploying my own gpt-style nlp model soon, and I couldn't find many monitoring tools like one would find with http libraries, etc.

How do you guys monitor your nlp models in production, and what metrics/aspects of the model do you monitor?
Sounds like you think you're his parent.
You need to consult a lawyer. This can be worked around but it may be moderately complicated and depends on the wording.
The best thing for a Martin Amis or Harvey Keitel fan is to forget Saturn 3 exists. Its overdubbing pf Keitels voice is distracting to the point of unintentional hilarity.
Of course, there’s nothing it’s like to be data. Un-recalled memories are data, they only become experiences again when we recall them into our active minds.

I don’t think consciousness is data, I think it’s a highly sophisticated process on data. It’s an activity, it’s something we do. Anil Seth described this process very well in the interview. It’s the third and last quote from him in my top level comment. Also I described my full account of consciousness in a reply to tekni5.
For end to end and frontend tests, Playwright.
Sales & branding strategy feels pretty related to Hubspot or at least people who might be interested in Hubspot.
In the brain there's a region surrounded by a layer of filter-neurons: they choose what signals to admit, using the rule of thumb that a repeating signal is worth attention. When they block all signals, the subject is said to be unconscious. When they tune in to a particular signal, the subject is doing something consciously. In this regard consciousnesses can be defined as simple attention.
You might find this link very interesting if you're in the mood to explore some of the interesting corners of this topic a bit more: https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/our-research/nea...
Such as?

Unless the tree gets subducted or interred (aka turned to Coal or similar), it’s still part of the cycle, and its carbon will still eventually return to the atmosphere.

And with the evolution of lignin eating fungi (white rot fungi being particularly efficient) many millions of years ago, good luck with that.

Capacitors are useful, but they aren’t sinks.
> I know those cards are second class citizens in the world of deep learning,

It's worse than that. AMD cards aren't second class citizens, they're not even on the same playing field. ROCm can't compete with CUDA and its ecosystem at all, the most popular deep learning frameworks are only experimentally supported, and Nvidia ships more dedicated tensor processing cores for AI acceleration on their cards. Nvidia has a near monopoly in AI not because they're particularly amazing, but because it seems like AMD is just uninterested in competing.
I would state it as: The content of your conscious experience is the result of information processing in the brain. Information processing alone does not create consciousness, but the output of this information processing defines what we experience.

An analogy - The information processing in your computer defines what is displayed on your monitor, but the information processing alone does not physically power on your monitor and control the individual pixels.
For sufficiently low speeds, yes. The crossover point is not high. Something like 30km/h .

Edit: Source https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Propulsion-noise-the-tyr...
You didn't specify a speed, so I'm curious how fast are your suburban back roads? I've seen signs from the US that show 40mph speed limits on purely residential back streets which is already faster than I can drive on literally any street within my city.

Residential roads here are max 30km/h (18mph) but also often 20km/h (12mph). Slow enough that the EVs should produce less noise, even though both produce tire noise.
That is a fair point. I don’t think it saves this particular analysis, of course. Probably what’s important to know is something we might call the “Pareto naive performance”; with just a little bit of effort (the first 20% or so), you can get some significant performance improvement (the first 80% or so). Even the naive programmer just banging together something that works in Elixir is going to quickly find out how to raise Erlang’s default 260k process limit when they hit that, after all.
Xunit.
The reward is in the action itself, the feeling of elitism.
Now that you mention it the way Hex was used at the UU was a good prediction of how were interacting with LLMs.
It's been about a year or so now or less for me, but I really enjoyed working with Go's built-in tests. I had not experienced anything else like that before. It was truly incredible to see it as a first-class language CLI feature, but also that it worked alongside your file tree in a designated way.

Now, anything less than such functionality is second or third-rate to me. I can give older languages a pass, but anything not having this moving forward is disappointing now.
probably not the worst MO if you're a chemist.
Crashing population, massive child suicide rate, terrible dictator families running the nation and an outright cult controlling even more…

I really don’t think we should hold SK up for anything other than what aggressive capitalism does to a society. Kills it off.
You can say "not for me"
Exactly. The democracy advanced always exactly matches the current US interests. Funny that. We’re just so damn perfect we never ever ever get anything wrong.
The success of ChatGPT (3.5 and 4 alike) is happening almost on as many dimensions as its latent space has.

OpenAI is selling pickaxes. It's also selling fear in every color. Fear for your future. Fear for humanity's future. Fear for the future. It's selling hope - of new profits, new discoveries, new futures. It's selling prophesy and it's selling religion.

It's also selling entertainment. To be honest, I bet that majority of use of ChatGPT still classifies more as fun than work. I pay for GPT-4 twice (ChatGPT+ and pay-as-you-go API access), and I use it daily, and 90% of my use is... exploratory in nature. I still consider it money well-spent. The problems may be real, and the outputs may be useful, but the choice of using GPT-4 is still dictated mostly by... playful curiosity.

(Also, it's the first tech thing in almost a decade that broke through my layers of cynicism and got me excited again. There's lot of cool things to play with, lot of discoveries to be made, and the progress is real.)

Whether or not LLMs are intelligent, OpenAI won. Financially, for now, but they'll have a spot in world history (for as long as history is a thing). The genuine technological jump they introduced... I can't remember any tech company in my life making this big a change in one step.
Yes, it looks like prerecorded. So, go get the 'real' answer we need to find some way around. To get a fake news report it worked for me to ask it to do as a joke. It refused to do it when asked directly.
The question then is, what observed property of consciousness is not computational?

If there is no such property, then the anti-materialists can be safely ignored.
That model has been proven for cryptocurrency, hasn't it? As long as you have enough validators, you don't need everyone to spend the considerable resources it takes to validate (or in this case, build from source).

Right now the Apple model is "trust that the Apple employee who glanced at this for 15 minutes spotted any problems".
>We're not seeing our seeing. We're seeing.

You are though. The brain does a lot of hierarchical prediction with sense data. When new information comes in, it makes predictions and then adjusts the sense data likewise.

That's why when you shift your eyes quickly, you see blurred images pass by. In reality, you should be seeing complete black because the brain doesn't actually process visual information that shifts so quickly.

But your brain "knows" it should see...well something. And so it fits that blurred passthrough as compensation. Completely made up data. But not ungrounded data, data that seems like it should fit according to its prediction.

You are not seeing reality as is. You are seeing a nicely packaged, fluid version of reality (even fabricated at parts) that is being distorted without any input from the conscious self.
For Scala, Specs 2. Just overall well designed, useful, yet flexible API.

I'm looking for something for Node.js. I've used jest, but it's very heavy and does all sorts of magic and is a whole build system. Whereas I just want a test runner with utilities and reporting.
> Everyone is at most 7 connections away

That is not strictly true, but the world is certainly smaller than we tend to think.

However, detractors argue that Milgram's experiment did not demonstrate such a link, and the "six degrees" claim has been decried as an "academic urban myth".’

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_degrees_of_separation
Out of curiosity, where are you driving that 20km/h is a common speed limit? Is it actually respected?
Did you know salmon sushi in a recent creation. Pacific salmon tends to have parasites so Japanese didn't eat salmon sushi but Norway had salmon which was safer so they promoted it to the Japanese.
Why would anyone offer a strictly worse product unless it were lots cheaper to offer, which it isn't? (Even for non-AI use cases, I don't think AMD has much that's more attractive in servers?)
> If we limited the maximum per frame stack size and probed properly, we could do split stacks no problem.

IIRC the initial Go implementation of split stacks also worked no problem (the benefits of owning the compiler and the ABI), and the reason it was ultimately abandoned was that it got very slow when you happened to repeatedly call a function when you had too little stack space left in the current segment (because you can’t grow the current segment, because you can’t move stack segments, because they may have pointers into them). If that is the problem, replacing a check in the function prologue with a page fault hitting the guard page looks unlikely to make this particular slow case faster.
Right, I was being sloppy with my writing. I know about Blue Brain[1] and other brain simulation projects[2].

This is why I can't see it being a fundamental difference.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Brain_Project

[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_simulation
So if the information processing is output to another information process, that overall system is conscious?
Hopefully they don’t experience Japans “Lost Decades”, where since ~1991, economically the national has stagnated.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_Decades
For k-pop, Japan has notoriously been very tight with licensing restrictions on music. That allowed Korea to leap ahead.
You can auth it to your Dropbox account if you have one and they will export to it on a cadence into the /Apps folder.
DevPod – [GitHub] Codespaces but Open Source
Part of South Korea's rapid reach stems from how Americanized its modern culture is. I am not just talking about global corporations like mcdonalds. It's everything, even the choice of coffee over tea, a rarity for an asian country. Easy for western nations to embrace.

For China, the same game plan wouldn't work not without heavy alterations. It does however have substantial ability to influence those not already heavily Americanized.
> Jobs are simply paid on the value they create

Even sillier jobs mostly pay on first order value. That is why I refuse to work in any department that the larger organization deems a cost-center: in my experience such jobs consistently pay less!
Pint of Science – Global Science Festival in Pubs