skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I recently tried Literate Programming and I've found that it has some downsides not commonly discussed by its advocates. (It also has upsides which are valid, this post may come across as overly negative because I'm only covering negatives.)

* It messes with tooling. If you're lucky then your editor will be smart enough to syntax highlight inside code blocks, or can be taught to do so easily. It's unlikely that more advanced IDE-style features will work. Obviously tools could be adapted with custom plugins but literate programming isn't popular enough for these to already exist as far as I'm aware.

* It adds overhead to refactoring. Refactoring code now means editing and rewriting a book, doing a good job requires significantly more effort. If you have designed the program thoroughly ahead of time you can avoid this, but that's not generally the way most programmers work.

* The "includes" problem. Most language require you to include/import/require packages used in a file. These are usually all placed at the start. This means a lot of chapters will start with "here are all the includes we'll need" if you're using a linear format. More complex formats that rearrange the code to generate outputs can do a better job but it's still a little clunky.

Overall my conclusion was that literate programming works best if you write code like Donald Knuth: work solo, have a good idea of the entire design and a fixed scope which you can complete to declare both book and program "done forever". Unfortunately that doesn't cover most real world programming. I don't think it works well in the most common commercial/programming team style settings.
Sequential and Parallel Data Structures and Algorithms: The Basic Toolbox
Yeah, I've tried tp-link, d-link, netgear (consumer), and they're all really bad. Each time I think I've found the silver bullet, but I keep hearing how good Ubiquity is. I know they're not defying physics, but I'm sure that as they aimed at commercial then I'll hopefully be getting something way better than what I'm getting now.

I think this plus laying cable should last me another 10-20 years
I have seen a first person shooter game in the horror genre that presents a word or sentence to type as fast as you can against the clock or you take damage. Using ten fingers gives you an edge in the game and you learn while at play. Try to avoid developing bad habits leading to repeat strain injury. For example, the right wrist fast flick to reach the right shift key to capitalize the left hand keys.
Sound like this: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11394276/
One Simple Trick for Living with Technology
They have a long history of creating shortages or long queues wherever they've been tried. The only way to bring down prices is to remove barriers to supply, such as excessive regulation, and to encourage investment.

Forty Centuries of Wage and Price Controls: How Not to Fight Inflation [0] tracks the history of wage & price controls from Hammurabi's Babylon, Diocletian's Rome, Ancient Egypt, and down to modern-day examples. The book has dozens (if I remember correctly) of examples of price controls never working, explained carefully in detail.

It's an extremely interesting and carefully argued book with a lot of objective evidence.

My comment isn't directly related to the Apple situation but to the failed history of price controls.

[0]: https://cdn.mises.org/Forty%20Centuries%20of%20Wage%20and%20... (PDF)
I don't understand why we still don't have a standard for a built-in tracking preferences system in browsers. We have that for the microphone, webcam, and location access... why do we let websites control tracking preferences with their own design they can make as obscure and manipulative as they wish?
Thought about Python Binding of Raft algorithm implementation
Hello,
I am a developer working as a DevOps engineer at a small IT startup in Korea.

I should've use raft implementation for my company's proprietary orchestrator.

Our company product is developed in Python, but there doesn't seem to be "de facto" standard when it comes to raft, at least to my knowledge.

So, I decided to search for papers on raft implementation. But these papers exceeded 250 pages, and I found it overwhelming to comprehend and implement all the knowledge therein. (From previous experience, I know that once the complexity of the source code reaches a certain threshold, maintaining it becomes quite a challenge, especially while managing full-time work.)

Hence, I resolved to write Python bindings for a well-established, battle-tested raft library. I initially considered writing bindings for Hashicorp's Raft implementation, but handling asynchronous things seems was tricky. Upon the advice of a senior developer, I turned to pyo3 to create bindings for 'tikv/raft-rs'.

The process of writing bindings was more challenging than I had anticipated.

Anyway after much struggle, I succeeded in implementing bindings that pass all the harness test codes.

However, having written all the source codes, I can't help but question whether I should have opted for a different implementation such as async-raft or Hashicorp's raft implementation. I also wonder if it would have been more prudent to port the source codes itself, rather than writing bindings. Numerous thoughts have been running through my mind.

What are your thoughts on this Python binding implementation?
Thought it was a clone of that one too! I never played much of the "sim" games but Theme Hospital was a good one.
Idk. I think these are useful disillusionment mines to leave in place.

The intuitive idea of inventors and originators is often wrong, and caused by narrow mindedness. Most inventuons are originated many times. I'm sure plenty of people raised a wolf puppy, just like lots of people find and raise wild pets today. Very few of these become a "domestication event."

For cuisine, the implication of "the earl of sandwich invented the sandwich" should be intuitively be a story about culinary fashions. The origin of the term "sandwich." How it became part of upper class cuisine. Why watercress sandwiches at high tea.

If you hear about prior art and react with "I thought England invented sandwiches! Lies!"... If that's the reaction, then your intuition needs refinement.

Every culture with bread will inevitably invent sandwiches. It might happen differently though. Maybe there is no name for it, and it's just what you do with bread and cheese. Maybe specific sandwiches (eg burger) have names... but there is no generic name. In that case, starting a sandwich shop and naming the nameless is "invention."

Most invention is conceptual. The sandwich will usually predate the idea of a sandwich.
Abstract vs. Concrete Parameters (2008)
If I connect to example.com how does google spy on me when I do that when not using chrome? Answer is example.com instructs your browser to load google's spyware.

(Note: the real example.com might not do that, it is merely an example)
There are some different pictures on a theme and some more similar ones from what I remember. I'll have to check out the wave, I only know it from popular culture, I don't think I've seen it in person.
Same way that Shakespeare "invented" the word "elbow" and thousands of others.
This would make sense if all Raptor Lake CPUs were renumbered like this but most seem to use the familiar 13nnn numbering scheme - it's just "Raptor Lake-P" that has lost a digit!
The spacing of the planets isn't due to random chance. They are all in orbits defined by resonances with the other planets, as they effect gravitational drag on each other. They have pushed and pulled on each other for billions of years, until they have settled into the ordered structure we see today. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_resonance

It could also be well possible that this sort of stability is required for multi-billion year evolutionary processes to take place. Systems with more chaos would likely also have chaotic seasons even if their planets were to have the other needed conditions for live. If the summer-winter cycle were more unpredictable that it is on earth, maybe that acts as a limit on the complexity that live can achieve as it would constantly be getting pruned back.

Systems with "unstable" or "irregular" planetary arrangements are probably just in an earlier stage of development, and might likely lose planets or push them into more stable orbits eventually.

Similarly "stable" or "ordered" systems are likely just older systems which have been able to develop without being disrupted by outside phenomena. In that sense looking for well structured systems might be a good place to start looking for life, as they are likely old and stable enough to have had evolution take place.
Can't reccommend OpenWRT enough, really solid.
I don't know - I struggle to remember what I've read half the time. I listen to audio books while walking, and even now I can recall learning about King John (and there reason there has not been a king names John since him in the UK) while walking along the beach. As I do the walk again, similar parts of that book and others return to me.

But might just be me!
> IMSLP accepts urtext editions over 25 years old.

Do you have a working definition of "urtext"? A lot of famous Bach and Mozart keyboard stuff was written on C clef for the right hand, but many so-called urtexts transcribe it to G. I don't understand how this can be seriously called urtext.
These ideas have a strong late 1990s vibe.

Desktop app complexity had grown over a decade so that Microsoft Word, which started with a simple single-row toolbar, now was taking over 30% of a typical PC screen with a sea of icons and controls. Meanwhile the growth in PC sales meant there was an influx of non-corporate users who were not being trained to use the apps.

That’s how we got Clippy (essentially similar to the text input box proposed here), “progressive”menus that hide advanced actions and features the user hasn’t been accessing, as well as the explosion of task-oriented panels in Windows XP.

The execution of these ideas left a lot to be desired. (The Office 2006 Ribbon UI was actually a meaningful step forward because it contextualized and prioritized the UI rather than hiding stuff. Microsoft has solid data showing that Ribbon improved the user experience.)

Maybe language model AI can give this kind of UI a new lease of life.
ipv4 space is very limited and you can easily compute all the hashes. There is salting and combined with rotating salts it could work but no one guarantees that you’re not storing them
When you do need a battery replacement, you should be able to do it through whoever you want, not just Apple
How a Secretive Swiss Dealer Is Enabling Israeli Spy Firms
Wait until you see the spread between parts cost and retail on a grilled cheese sandwich.
https://archive.is/A2qmD

Well, if you search HN for SS7, you note that this is not perfectly
new: SS7 is a protocol from the 1970s with zero security built in. It
can be misused to locate any mobile phone user word-wide and redirect
their SMSes to an attacker.

The news one week later is that the GSMA will revoke this particular Werner
Fink's https://www.fink-telecom.com/ global titles. I'm not familiar
with SS7, but I assume that's what would be the IP address or maybe
the ASN. I found it only in German, but I guess online translation can handle that.

https://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/netzpolitik/andreas-fink-mob...

Well, one way less, but I am sure there are enough obscure players on
the planet that will be happy to fill the gap.

Edit: I don't think the headline is correct. The guy is not secretive at all https://www.linkedin.com/posts/afink_the-universal-ss7-libra... It's our telecom providers and the big public that are secretive about poor public infrastructure.
The problem with price controls is that you're fixing one variable in an arbitrarily complicated transaction, and the people fixing the price are fallible.

So then one of two things happens. If you can transact around the price control, that happens. So Apple signs a contract with Foxconn to pay them a billion dollars and give them a pile of industrial waste in exchange for a pile of new parts. The industrial waste has negative value and Apple wants to get rid of it, but they claim it was worth another billion dollars, so now their "cost" for parts is three times as high because they're de facto including the cost of paying Foxconn to dispose of some industrial waste and then claiming the benefit as a cost.

If you try to prohibit that, first of all it hardly ever works because transfer pricing is a pickle, but to the extent that it does, you now have perverse incentives and inefficiencies. Apple used to get away with charging $100 even though their cost is $10, but now that means they can only charge $12 and make $2 since that's 20% of their cost. Unless they can raise their cost by overpaying vendors for equipment or hiring a bunch of people to dig holes and fill them back in. If they pay $10 for that then their cost is $20 and they can charge $24 and make $4. Making $4 is better than $2. But the customer will pay up to $100 if they have to, and if Apple raises their cost to $80+ then they can still charge $100 and make almost $20. "Cost plus" is a massive incentive to be inefficient.

So now you want to pick an amount instead of a percentage. But now if you guess to low you get shortages, and even if the price you set is alright today, it might not be tomorrow.
Nice article. An alternate is completely unrelated to AI/GPT and rather, the basic use of a command bar/palette. Provides a lot of new ways to approach UX.
As 100% of Asus routers are part of the Asus botnet so I'll take my chances on that 5% with my custom, libre, hand-rolled breadboard router.
What is it with these routers and the need to get rebooted so frequently? Is it just poor firmware?
It's like like being issued a state mandated always online tracker and then police would say verbally that they promise not to abuse that data.

And before people would nitpick my comment, metadata is surveillance.
https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2013/09/metadata_equa...
The hashing doesn’t matter when IPv4 has such a limited dataset. IPv4 has a little under 4.3B addresses, and a cheaper GPU such as the 1080TI has a hash rate of around 4300MH/s, so it crushes that in a few seconds at most.

From there, you have a direct correlation between the IP and its resulting hash. Meaning you can easily see what the original input was.

You don’t need to break a hash to know what the original input was.
I’ve never understood his crankiness on this subject: the concept of ‘right to repair’ is entirely synthetic.

Government intervention in markets is usually predicated on some kind of ‘market failure’ and I don’t see how that is the case here. There is plenty of competition in the phone market and if the option to have a phone repaired by third parties was really desired by consumers then someone would sell such a phone.

It seems more like Rossmann is angry there is not a product-market fit for his services. Something like that.
The 'board' on my dishwasher went - the only solution was to get one from the grey market (and the manufacturer didn't sell them direct to consumers) for nearly £150 - I could get a new dishwasher for £200.

It felt crazy to scrap the machine for want of a part that couldn't cost more that £20 to sell me (and £5 to make?)
Yeah so I run/build/maintain a platform in the public survey space and we have a feedback box for users at the end. This box is a really good source for feedback, don't get me wrong, but a lot of the feedback is "When I hit the button, nothing happens" or "Totally broken, completely unusable" both of which are useless to us. These users clearly want us to fix something, but we have no visibility on what that is.
Rancher desktop has a bloated electron GUI and and just keep in mind that Rancher as a company is going the way of dust - already about as relevant as SuSE.
It's pretty established that 90s UI was peak UI. Everything about modern UX is wrong.

Just read up on recent UI "improvements" on Firefox, GNOME, Android status-bar etc.

I blame it on job positions that need to churn out "change" for the sake of relevancy. You can't just solve UI, right?
I do not understand what exactly you are complaining about.

It is true that the "Attention Is All You Need"[0] paper requires some level of basic understanding/experience of ML architectures and engineering, but the target audience for the paper certainly understands it. It would be unnecessary if every academic paper startet with a first principles explanation of what is considered common knowledge in the field.

> wouldn't surprise me if you go to try it and its wrong, and none of the real problems have been solved

But obviously attention based transformer architectures are solving real world problems (by being better than previous architectures in real world applications).

[0] https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762
The main use case for me for DuckDB is in Data Lake-related tasks where cloud providers often do not provide great/cost-effective/otherwise limited services.

In the case of AWS, repartitioning Parquet files in S3 via Athena CTAS statements in limited to 100 active partitions, which is a bummer to work around. Therefore, I’m using DuckDB with repartitioning queries, because it doesn’t have the 100 partition limit.

I wrote a blog post about it at https://tobilg.com/casual-data-engineering-or-a-poor-mans-da... Additionally, to get started with using DuckDB serverlessly in Lambda functions, you can have a look at https://tobilg.com/using-duckdb-in-aws-lambda
Apart from compatibility with 40+ barcode types, DBR scanning SDK is also compatible with multiple platforms including HTML5, Window, Linux, MacOS, Android, iOS
No its not. Greek are tokenized on a per character level, while the language structure while not as simple as english or latin languages in General, is not that different.
Because not everyone knows Hangul and could learn something wrong.
Sure! Transformers are a type of deep learning model that have revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP) and achieved state-of-the-art performance on various tasks like machine translation, text summarization, and question answering.

The "Attention is All You Need" paper, published in 2017 by Vaswani et al., introduced the Transformer model architecture. The paper proposed a new way to process sequences of data, such as words in a sentence or time steps in a time series, without using recurrent neural networks (RNNs) or convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Instead, it introduced a mechanism called "self-attention."

Self-attention allows the model to weigh the importance of different words in a sentence when processing each word. This attention mechanism helps the model to focus on the relevant parts of the input sequence. In other words, it pays attention to different words based on their contextual significance for a given task.

To understand self-attention, let's consider an example. Suppose we have a sentence: "The cat sat on the mat." When processing the word "sat," self-attention enables the model to assign higher weights to words like "cat" and "the" and lower weights to words like "on" and "the mat." This way, the model can learn which words are more relevant to understanding the context of "sat."

The Transformer model consists of an encoder and a decoder. The encoder processes the input sequence, such as a sentence, while the decoder generates the output sequence, such as a translated sentence. Both the encoder and decoder are composed of multiple layers of self-attention and feed-forward neural networks. The self-attention layers allow the model to capture dependencies between different words in the sequence, while the feed-forward networks help in learning more complex patterns.

The "Attention is All You Need" paper demonstrated that Transformers achieved state-of-the-art performance on machine translation tasks while being more parallelizable and requiring less training time compared to traditional RNN-based models. Since then, Transformers have become the go-to architecture for many NLP tasks and have been further improved with variations like BERT, GPT, and T5.

In summary, the Transformer model introduced in the "Attention is All You Need" paper replaced traditional recurrent or convolutional neural networks with self-attention, allowing the model to capture contextual relationships between words more effectively. This innovation has had a significant impact on the field of NLP and has become the foundation for many subsequent advances in the field.
I like MT but it being closed source always irked me for such a critical device: wonder how many Ghosts in the Shell lurk in there...
I'm far from being a free-marketeer but when people buy an Apple thing they know what they're getting regarding repairability and they're OK with it. Someone who cares about the availablity of spare parts for a sensible price should buy Dell, (presumably) Lenovo, maybe Framework, etc.
Proper mesh APs have a dedicated radio for AP-to-AP traffic. Unless traffic takes multiple mesh hops, bandwidth will not be affected.
Ask HN: Contradicting licensing information on .NET / Visual Studio libraries
Hey HN,

I'm evaluating the use of C#/.NET as a programming language. In light of Mono being merged into .NET, I was downloading the SDK and was quite surprised that it contains DLLs that are explicitly licensed under a commercial license and, in fact, seems to require the purchase of a Visual Studio Professional license. I have no problem paying for licenses, but this one seems to require a) a monthly subscription and b) is advertised on Microsoft's own site as free/open source.

Any help from all you internet lawyers out there?

Thank you.
Learn Game Engine Programming
I wrote a literate programming preprocessor in Haskell[0], and used it to weave/tangle a D-Bus implementation (also in Haskell). The woven PDF[1] weighs in around 90 pages.

I'll quote from the linked page regarding my conclusions:

------------>8----------

But in the end, I was never able to realize the promised benefits of Literate Programming. The typeset PDF was not easier to read than hypertext documentation generated by Haddock, and both were obviously worse than the very nice docs being created by the Python community with Sphinx.

So in mid 2012 (~3 years after starting the project) I removed all the literate annotations and styles, dropped the fancy build scripts, and released haskell-dbus 0.10 as standard Haskell.

------------>8----------

I'm sure an expert in LaTeX could do a better job with the formatting, and with the benefit of 10 additional years of experience there are some design decisions I would do differently in the code, but even so I think it was a reasonably effortful attempt.

I've never felt any urge to try Literate Programming again.

[0] https://john-millikin.com/software/anansi#history

[1] https://github.com/jmillikin/haskell-dbus/releases/download/...
> The entire world is being Americanised via the English transported via hegemonic control over social and broadcast media.

How exactly is the culture that the US is imposing on the rest of the world — including England, Germany, Netherlands and Denmark, the places that Anglo-Saxons and their ancestors came from — Anglo-Saxon?
Advanced API Performance
I have often thought about implementing a simple Makefile alternative in a literate style. Almost like an executable README.md. This way you can describe the project and the ways to interact with it in a much more readable way than a Makefile.
While walking on an interstate highway is illegal, state highways depend on the local laws. I pictured the race on those kinds of highways, not freeways, but I have no clue what the route is.
> Microsoft has solid data showing that Ribbon improved the user experience

do they also have data filtered to show powerusers? just because metrics go up doesn't really mean it got better. I'm pretty sure google also has metrics "showing" that it got better at finding stuff, which I really can't agree with. my ms-office literacy was much higher pre ribbon, and it never cought up