skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Hindley-Milner has the very standard and well-known problem with polymorphic mutation [1]. There is no issue with setting an array of floats or something like that. It's only when you assign a polymorphic value cell with one type, then subsequently with another type.

This is not unique to Coalton. Any HM-based language that defines mutation primitives has it, including Haskell and OCaml. These languages don't "solve" it a sense most people think, instead they provide some sort of restriction or workaround to the HM theory to make mutation constructs feasible. There's a huge space of possible solutions, including ensuring functional purity with monads (Haskell) to using weak polymorphism (OCaml) to using Wright's value restriction (eliminate invalid mutations, but also eliminate tons of reasonable, valid programs).

Coalton developers know of the HM deficiency and described it very well here [2]. It looks like they're building out more important parts of the language that affect their users more seriously (e.g., adding records) before making a hugely consequential design decision around mutation, which people don't seem to bump into much.

It doesn't seem to have stopped them from building interesting software in the slightest. [3]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_restriction#A_Counter_Ex...

[2] https://github.com/coalton-lang/coalton/issues/84

[3] https://coalton-lang.github.io/20220906-quantum-compiler/
Even without any obstacles a rented jeep Cherokee felt like it was constantly trying to kill me on mountain roads. The lane assist also turned itself back on every time the car started.

Another baffling feature was that the car refused to move after stopping at stop sign. Turns out there’s a “safety feature” to disable the engine if the seatbelt is not buckled. Thankfully I was just looking for parking and the only consequence was some inconvenienced cars behind me but that could get really bad in the wrong situation.
Just finished level 7, then started reading here. What a shame that all the answers are given here. What a spoilers. I used my own unique questions and recommend doing so, fun guaranteed!
Also a perennial is comments linking the videos/books... They have to because the page hasn't been updated in >21 years! (It's also increasingly ugly, and would benefit from explanation of the increasingly obscure references that may have made plenty of sense to Bell Lab people in 1986 but don't know - did you know he meant Unix by 'the computer in the attic'? I sure didn't.)

That is part of why I've made my own cleaned-up & annotated version: http://gwern.net/doc/science/1986-hamming
I thought twice before submitting this, but I believe the article is an interesting one. To me story of Mr. Lee and Mr. Hsieh are a lifetime lessons on how not to allow fame and fortune to drag me down one-way street to the point of fatal self-destruction. I think I personally learnt from their stories and I think this article benefits HN society.
> I'm also uncertain as to how much of "television and radio industry" should be considered tech, or not.

That's the thing. They're all tech industries, at this point.
I'm surprised that the article didn't mention this, given the company the author apparently keeps I would have thought he'd have been among the criminally few people who witnessed and is aware of it, and it's both narratively aligned and the single most important piece of background information.
it has to share the streets with cars

EDI: and for country, in more rural bits frequency to low
> We do not expect just knowing the differential equations governing biological neurons to give us much insight into human intelligence.

No, I expect not.

But I think it’s a mistake in thinking and loose use of language to say that differential equations, or any mathematical representation, governs anything. They are models of whatever may actually be happening, and are necessarily modeling a simplification of the behavior observed.

Don’t mistake the model for reality.
As a Floridian who has always consumed a lot of energy trying to keep cool, I am surprised by: "An average car roof is big enough to provide 400W to 600W which goes a long way in offsetting the power consumed by the AC."

These numbers don't seem correct to me. What are you using for average surface area for a roof, expected solar collected, and AC consumption?
For the record: My terminal emulator does not do sixel, and providing that or any other graphics mechanism is not a design goal, and not in keeping with the internal mechanics of storing the terminal display as an array of character code points. The terminal emulators that my terminal emulator is designed to supplant, the kernel built-in emulators of Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, and indeed SCO Unix, don't do sixel graphics.

This is not to say that I am against sixel. As someone who was doing graphics on terminals in the 1980s, sometimes by accident when I catted the wrong file, the idea that "terminals don't do graphics" seems blinkered and ahistoric to me. They do and did, in my direct experience. I'm simply not targetting that as a feature in a program that has the specific goal of matching specific kernel built-in emulators. You know where XTerm is if you want it. (-:

On the gripping hand, my terminal emulator does Unicode (as do several of the kernel built-in ones, albeit with severe limitations), and so all of the things that one can do with Unicode pseudo-graphics are possible on it, from MouseText windows through progress bars using the 1/8th block glyph set to PC-style line drawing.
This article heavily implies a lot of stuff it does not provide evidence for. Having recreational drugs in your system does not make you a member of an elite Hellfire Club of debauched aristocrats. He may have done all that stuff, I don't know. I'm just saying the level of "we're not saying he was one of those guys at the Eyes Wide Shut orgy, but we're not not saying that either" in this article is troublingly high.
Knitting predates the Roman empire by a comfortable margin.
Lost me at web components. What a miserable DX and inconsistent mess that is.
The story is a bit more complex than that. Günter Schabowski, who announced the "new travel law" as they called it, only got a note right before a press conference and wasn't properly briefed.
He was then asked when that'll happen, and he said something along the lines of "according to my knowledge immediately", which was interpreted as "we can go there right now, tonight", but which wasn't what was planned.

This eventually led to a situation where thousands of people were standing at the border, wanting to cross, and eventually the border guards saw no other option than to let them pass.
It's an interesting and legitimate question. But just as it takes business time to pick up on new technologies and adapt, it might take institutions as well. I've seen reddit posts of people getting writing flagged as AI written when it wasn't. The question is, how long until they start embracing it as a tool to use to write with?

Many of the institutions have billions of dollars put back. Harvard for example google tells me 53 billion. So I don't think they are just going to go away, they will adapt somehow.
I usually just do: ctrl-z, bg, disown. Sure, I'll lose the output, but typically that's OK for me.
Pair programming has upsides and downsides of course, but one big upside in this particular case is that onboarding goes a lot faster and there's no chance of someone working multiple jobs, or slacking.
I had exams in university that involved writing short pieces of (usually pseudo code, one exam asked us to write C) code on paper. Pre-gpt or anything like that. Done just because all our exams were on paper to simplify logistics.

It was fine. It tested actual understanding of the problems at hand.

No one should be asking someone to write long pieces of code by hand, but a dozen lines of code to implement a simple algorithm is fine.
The Lingering Beauty of Elliott Smith
He went on to say in a slightly devious tone, “I have no ulterior motives here and in no way benefit from this statement or its implications.”
Sorry, meant 35. I had to lookup which model looked like mine and got confused
Turkey’s opposition disputes early election lead for Erdoğan
My experience is that even the "toy" 7B models can do pretty amazing things, but they're very sensitive to prompting in the right way to force the model down the right pathways. My assumption is that the larger models have more redundancy and therefore can be prompted less precisely while still going down the right pathway.

For example, the WizardLM model (5_1 quantized, as 4_x quantization makes the 7B models perform terribly):

Prompt: I went to the market and bought 10 apples. I gave 2 to my neighbor and 2 to my sister. Then I bought 5 more and ate 1. How many apples do I have?

Response:

Let me check that for you! You had 9 apples left after giving away 4, so you still have 9 - 4 = 5 apples left.

Prompt: I went to the market and bought 10 apples. I gave 2 to my neighbor and 2 to my sister. Then I bought 5 more and ate 1. How many apples do I have? Write out any calculations in full. List the steps used to come to the final result.

Response:

Sure, let's work through this problem together! Here are the steps we can use:
Step 1: Start with the initial number of apples you bought (10).
Step 2: Subtract the amount given to your neighbor and sister from the total (2 + 2 = 4). This gives us a new total of 6 apples.
Step 3: Add the additional 5 apples you bought later on to the remaining 6 apples, giving us a final total of 11 apples.
Step 4: Finally, subtract the apple you ate from the total (1), leaving us with 10 apples in total.
So the answer is 10 apples.
Thanks. BTW:

- the model I used was gpt4-x-vicuna-13B.ggml.q5_1.bin

- I used 'time' to measure the wall clock time of each command.

- My prompt was:

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
### Instruction:
Write a long blog post with 5 sections, about the pros and cons of emphasising procedural fluency over conceptual understanding, in high school math education.
### Response:
you may mean exacerbate
Fair enough, but I would argue that even having perfect knowledge of everything happening in a biological neuron down to the quantum level would not help very much when you are trying to understand how the brain makes decisions.
I had an interview with Worldcoin a year or so ago. The crypto part looks like printing monopoly money. The Orb itself is a remarkable peace of technology though.
Might. Anything might.

However, if you actually talk to them, it isn't. What would you replace it with? Rom or Roma? In that case, you would be mislabeling a lot of them since the Rom are only one of the Gypsy groups (but it is the largest). You would also be pissing off all Romanians who absolutely, positively do not under any circumstances want to be confused with Gypsies.

Would you say "Roma and Sinti"? That's the two largest Gypsy groups (or is it the largest and third-largest?). There are many others.

No, just call them Gypsies.

Are you done virtue signaling?
Many people here have lucrative careers that depend on maintaining the status quo, so heretics are unpopular.

> I don't think that government should serve the role of surrogate parent

Neither do I, but at some point it needs to be a backstop against implosion of the country. We're being subject to the Opium Wars playbook (brought to you by TikTok: China's Revenge).

What purpose does government serve if not doing something to mitigate?

It seems most interested in facilitating this behavior for the sake of economic growth, but that engine is destined to seize. Money in the hands of the middle/lower classes is the oil that keeps it running.

> And further, what is the role of the state in regulating things that were designed outright to be as addictive as possible?

So far we've managed it with alcohol, tobacco, slot machines and hard drugs. The role of the state on this matter is pretty well-defined.
not yet, posted here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/76248975/why-do-i-get-a-...
Solutions that involve tossing everyone into the deep end of the pool and letting them sink or swim on their own would probably work for some people assuming it exists as part of a system where there are no educational credentials (though presumably companies would then come up with their own credentialing systems).

But I expect a lot of people would drop out of the system in the absence of structure.
How it is important context? The article isn't about LIDAR.

And if LIDAR is the wrong way to go for technical reasons, then if she pushes for better autonomous driving technology, she is working against her supposed interests.
There's also Portmaster[0], which is open-source and supports both Windows and Linux.

0: https://safing.io/
I remember when scigen successfully published one or two papers in a journal.
Ask HN: How to balance a full time job, family and founding a startup?
Hey HN,

I'm a software engineer by day, father to a newborn and burning with passion for my startup.

What advice can you give to help me manage all three?

Any recommendations for tools and services to automate typical early startup tasks would be greatly appreciated.

Thanks :)
Supposedly the new update with GPU offloading will bring that up to 10 tokens per second! 1 token per second is painfully slow, that’s about 30s for a sentence.
If Apple wants to pursue a Mac comeback, it ought to do two things:

1) Stop destroying the Mac Presence by making it look and act like a iPhone.

2) Re-evaluate the direction of macOS. Under Federighi's leadership, macOS has become bloated with obscure, useless features and technologies. This has been at the expense of advancing its core technologies like wkWebKit.

In summary macOS suffers from uninspired and distant leadership.
Some men in suits and black sunglasses showing up at their door...
There is no "possibility of forgery", "questioned authenticity" or "not confirmed", the figures I mentioned are 100% badly photoshopped. But that article tries very hard to introduce a "maybe those numbers are real", e.g at the end:

> There is also the possibility that they are one hundred percent authentic. If so, Ukraine and its Western patrons may have more serious problems than a few leaked documents.

Again, the figures are badly photoshopped, they are one hundred percent NOT authentic.

There is also the following paragraph that tries to lend the photoshopped figures credibility:

> Perhaps the most notable piece of information contained in the leaked documents relates to military death tolls, with Ukrainian and Russian losses estimated at about a 4:1 ratio. According to one document, 71,500 Ukrainian troops have been killed in action. That figure is close to the 100,000 KIA’s cited by EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen in a November 2022 speech, before her comments were retracted. It also tracks closely with statements by one of Ukrainian President Vlodymyr Zelensky’s top advisers, Mykhailo Podolyak, who told the BBC in June of last year that Ukraine was losing between 100 and 200 soldiers per day (200 deaths per day over the course of 370 days between the launch of Russia’s military operation and the date of the documents would total 74,000.)
Same here. Also got a wire that i use most of the time when i am in the office so i don’t even notice the battery life degradation
I'd like to speak in favor of the gulag.

Sure, you get access to the library of Alexandria, but every book you need is wedged between copies of "The Big Book of distractions" and the "Encyclopedia of young girls with barely any clothes on". Some of those books play loud music, too, not to mention the books written by hacks and disguised as the book you actually want. You'd have to have the tenacity of a monk to get anything done.

It is possible for a person to be self-disciplined and learn by themselves. It is also possible, and even likely, to get lost in an ocean of distractions and/or depressed due to the lack of human interaction. As a physical person living in a physical space I wouldn't discount the positive influence of bringing your body somewhere with a purpose.
Yeah, Bing has gone completely nuts the last six months or so. They'll happily send the equivalent of a small DDoS at sites hosted on shared hosting, knocking them completely offline for a while. Nuts.
Surely each group would only download a given video once though, compared to the millions of times they could be downloaded by legitimate users.
awesome!

followingdao@protonmail.com
Evil exists because good people like yourself are too kind to give the depraved what they deserve.

Name and shame. Don't let this happen to others.
Google Read Aloud [1] bot absolutely hammers my website because I update the url using pagehistory and it opens a new request for each url update. It also ignores the meta tag that's meant to disable it :(

[1] https://developers.google.com/search/docs/crawling-indexing/...
Beyesians accept an epistemological foundation of statistical priors updated by experience.

Predictive processing is well established in the neuroscience community.

Capital T Truth is really of very little interest to anyone outside of faith-based epistemology like religion.
I wanted to redirect you to the Simple English version, but there is only Esperanto...
There have been self driving vehicles in well constrained areas since the 90s or even earlier. They have been capable of complex route navigation, obstacle avoidance and responding to a variety of conditions. The technology hasn't really matured an order of magnitude past the automated vehicles that have been moving things around in factories for decades. The technology improvement has come in computing power and sensor tech where now it's just cheaper and easier to include this in more vehicles. There need to be major leaps before this can really become widespread. I would say at best we are at the Commodore 64 era of self driving cars. I think it's going to take even longer to get to the iphone era considering the result of failure could be death.
Terence Tao Co-Chairs Whitehouse Generative AI Working Group
Everything that slows down the selling of Teslas is labeled by Elon as a "fool's errand".
May you please ELI5 what is happening here...

Imagine I am first ever hearing about this, ;; what did you do?
Fair enough!

The part I see missing for an LLM is learning from feedback about whether its justifications "work" for explaining its own actions. Keep in mind that an LLM is not human and its justifications often shouldn't look like human justifications. But it's going to be scored by how human its justifications look, so you will never get that. (With the exception of things explicitly trained in like knowing its own cut-off date - that's quite a non-human justification for not knowing something.)

Also, it's easy to come up with examples showing that we do remember what we were thinking, even if we didn't say it out loud. A simple example might be running an errand. Of course, sometimes we do forget, which is why a shopping list is useful.

An LLM cannot do that at all. It writes it down or it's lost. It can only pretend to remember an internal thought it had.
What’s nice about Usenet (and maybe a reason to being something similar back, is that Mastadon?) is the replicated public archives of this snapshot of history. The thread earlier this week highlighted that DJB and Werner Vogels were on early sockets conversations debating the merits over STREAMS or Sun RPC. There’s a durability that doesn’t exist with so many independent BBS that are constantly shutting down, taking decades of conversations and information with them.
See, someone's going to read this and nod "yes, this is why open source doesn't matter at all"
It's more to do with sheer number of things using Lithium in their power supply that's upping the numbers. Recently Vapes, as well as every single passenger carrying one. The odds have become difficult to manage - so says my local long-haul pilot - and a thermal runaway is not easy to deal with at oxygen-rich height.

https://www.cross-safety.org/uk/safety-information/cross-saf...
Yup. Pet, VIC-20, C-64, C-128 all booted directly into BASIC, which was in the ROM.

Flip power switch, wait 2 seconds for the READY prompt.

10 PRINT "HELLO WORLD"
20 GOTO 10
RUN

I'm pretty sure that started an era of programmers, curious would else you could do than just type LOAD "*",8,1
Pads should be easily replaceable on all headphones. They are the part that wears out the fastest.
Is it plastic though? I remember seeing youtube clips where some companies make "vegan leather" from mushrooms. Plastic isn't quite the correct word here, when I think of plastic I think of hard plastic like in tupperware.
Build a desktop app with Qt and Rust
Would be interesting if there is a firmware/software to turn your 3D printer into a 2D pribter - effectively make it into a very fancy plotter or such.
How do all calculators know that 2+2=4?

But our mental system is not as perfect. Because a person with schizophrenia or someone on LSD they surely not see the same things we do.
Could have been in the last 6 months for me too. And yes its crazy, most my sites have between 8 and 16 concurrent database connections available. In real world this works for thousands of daily users. But for a bing bot it's simply not enough.
> "I think this assessment is wrong on many levels"

Ok so in your expert opinion, what is it actually doing?

> "Exactly what it does, no one really knows, not even its creators."

I mean, it obviously couldn't just be feeding all the previous text into a model that statistically predicts the next likely words and then does some post processing to intelligently pick one of the high ranked words, just like the developers say. Because that would just be a statistical text predictor.

People seem to really hate the idea that something so simple can fool them into thinking it is alive, like it is a challenge to their own intelligence.
Isn’t that the case with most dashcams that have wifi enabled? Even “premium” ones, I just installed the viofo Starvis 2 (latest sensor from sony) and the wifi password was 12345678, so having the app, connect to its wifi and check all the footage. obviously you can change the password, but doubt most will do.
I see absolutely no reason (except cost) that LLM interfaces shouldn't utilize an internal dialog which is hidden from the user and which can be queried from the first layer of interaction and potentially vice versa.

This would emulate much of what we consider human reasoning. And if it quacks like a duck it might be a duck...
On a recent project, I’ve just been using JS template strings and .innerHTML all over the place.

I don’t necessarily recommend it, but it’s been a good reminder to me that most of the value React provides me is literally just html-in-JS. In many cases the complexity that comes from React effects and state is unnecessary, and directly mutating DOM nodes is sometimes a lot less painful. Sometimes.
It's good as a starting point though. It inspires similar ideas to hit the market and gives consumers a taste of sustainability.
For me personally tmux giver minor improvements (some of them are done by some terminals, some are not), e.g.:

* Text selection using variuos shortcuts (usually I use it only for URL):

https://github.com/tmux-plugins/tmux-copycat

* FZF autocompletion from output, e.g. in case I want to diff some file I see changed in `git status`:

https://github.com/laktak/extrakto
> Battery recycling and disposal...remember piles of tires sitting in people's yards 40+ years ago?

Not going to happen. Old tires have negative value. Old EV batteries are worth over $1000 apiece.