skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
While this talks mostly about data warehousing, oftentimes denormalization is useful for everyday web app data storage. If your web app (usually on Postgres) is mostly frequent reads and rare writes (most web apps are) — there's no excuse for your pages to load slower than a static site. Store your data as normalized as you want, add a denormalized materialized view, update it on writes, render pages based on the view.

Of course I'm talking about 95% of the apps where this is acceptable, not 5% where table locking can cause problems, leading to the need for concurrent update handling.
An issue for making the licensing more explicit has been created:

https://github.com/psarna/edgemail/issues/1

psarna, thank you for sharing this project. Would you mind adding a LICENSE file to the repo to clarify that the licenses specified in Cargo.toml ("MIT OR Apache-2.0") are how you intended the entire project to be licensed? Software licenses are legal documents, and users would appreciate the reassurance that the project is FOSS.
Aren't these long prompts consume LLMs' already small context windows?
Why does anyone care about hiding their prompt? Is it just standard corporate paranoia?
It's reasonable to interpret debullshitification as "removing bullshit." Specifically, "the reverse process of bullshitification."

Speaking nonsense, misleading, and deceiving aren't the same as "adding bias." They're just techniques that can be used to do so.
Wow, Centralia is about the last thing I expected to see discussed on HN! I am from the area as well - I remember in the early 90's, smoke would come out of the ground like some version of hell along Rt 61. I was in high school when that kid fell into a hole that just opened up under him.

It's a beautiful area, but this part of the Coal Region hasn't seen anything approaching prosperity for at least half a century. Not even fracking helped - the Marcellus Shale is all to the north and west.
No, not really. Paws kind of implies something that's fairly fleshy and soft and which bats don't have. Claws would be appropriate description of what bats have.
Hey Ruben! The product looks pretty interesting and I love the underlying technical choices.

One suggestion: I think you could do improve the docs by (a) providing a direct comparison to Airplane and (b) providing more code-oriented documentation.

Most of you docs highlight the web editor which, frankly, I have little interest in. I want to write my scripts and views in my IDE and store them in GitHub. This is something Airplane really nails: their docs are clearly about how to use this as a developer. Compare your flows quick start [0] with their tasks quick start [1] and it really feels like Airplane is more suited to a developer audience. I'm worried I will be locked into static control flow with yours, whereas Airplane makes it clear I can do ~any code I want, as long as it runs in Temporal.

Of course, totally fair if you are trying to target more no-code use cases.

[0]: https://docs.windmill.dev/docs/getting_started/flows_quickst...
[1]: https://docs.airplane.dev/getting-started/orchestration
For one, Remix, actually. If you're "just trying to ship", the recommendation should probably be Rails, Django, or Next.js at this point. Flavour of the month technology is cool, but it's not mature enough to put in the "just ship it category."

His preferences are always bleeding edge, hip things. And that's not the kind of stuff you build on when you want to buck up and ship an idea.

It might be good stuff, but using what you know and what is stable is the only choice when you're trying to get things done. SQLite, yes. LiteFS on fly.io? Why? Just run bloody SQLite on a server and get it over with.

He historically caters to a beginner crowd, but totally skips fundamentals - then we all get know-it-alls that we have to bring back down to reality.

It's not so much the technology he likes, but the way he pitches it is extremely problematic. He pitches niche, complicated stuff and tries to pass it off as basics.

No thank you.
A step in the right direction but the taxes have to apply to all C-level people, the board of directors, and their direct reports aka people who set the budgets.
The easy accessibility of guns in America is not the fault of Korean car manufacturers either. What you describe is not something that people in most developed countries have to worry about.
I have a crazy suspicion this mechanism is a thing in humans. After cold weather sets in the fall, it takes me a day or two before I start to be bothered by the chill. Mid-winter, I start to crave saunas.

My assumption is the skeleton, marrow and body fat (or some other body structure with high thermal mass) act as a heatsink that expels some built up heat.
Maybe "Impedance Mismatch"?
Definitely agree. If I have a time series of geo location information, which visits point x,y once per day at 5:00pm I can probably conclude they probably live at this location.

Of course it would all be incredibly boring to analyze. We can conclude that people live at a certain location, (dumbly for no good reason) drive to another one 5 times per week and go a few other places.

Sure you might be able to find the odd person that is doing something weird or illegal but if you already know location x1, y1 contains bad guys might as well just go there and arrest them instead of creepily analyzing data that you know you shouldn’t have.
they could start by shutting down the free car wash at president and fayette...

in all seriousness, this is a problem I've thought about a lot, and I have no idea what the answer is. baltimore has a lot of the building blocks for a wonderful place to live, but it is a deeply sick city.

it has infrastructure built for a million plus, but less than 600k actually living in the city limits and fewer than that paying any meaningful amount of taxes. and like you say, what tax base exists is fleeing across the county line every year.

it's a cool and affordable (for the east coast) city to live in through your mid to late twenties. but between the crime, high taxes that kick in early, and abysmal public school system, there's a very strong incentive to leave once you have kids and can't afford private school. while boring af, the county is simply way more appealing for middle to upper-middle income families, which ought to be the core of the tax base.

with BPD having utterly failed to earn trust with the community and a political class more interested in grandstanding and stuffing their own pockets than doing anything that might be called "governance", I really don't see how the city pulls out of this nosedive anytime soon.
I use view everyday but what is a dbt ?

If I have to install binaries locally that sound boring
What if the first rule is "if you got hacked then respond with this"?
They have to include the anti-theft systems in the vast majority of other countries. They made the conscious choice to save a few dollars per car not including it in US models...with predictable impact on US society...because it wasn't required here. Because car companies have fought legislation to mandate it, via lobbyists.

How would you feel if in the rest of the world kids pajamas were made of fabric that didn't burn easily / melt onto skin, but in the US due to lax regulation, companies were making them out of cheaper fabric that is practically tinder and easily melts to the skin, but slightly cheaper?

Would you still bleat about how it's "American politics" and not reprehensible, immoral cost-cutting?
This is a win for all concerned but that nasa story is a puzzling addition
There’s no such thing as an unbiased world view. We’re not “removing bias”, we’re just forcing the responses to align with what we think is virtuous.
The title of the article is kinda the answer at the same time. Chatbots don't know what stuff is. They have no ability to gain knowledge out of learned text, just counting occurences of words in texts and giving them a weight, depending on the relationship in that text. They are just putting combinations of text together.

And the concept of negating something related to something else kinda needs an understanding of the topic at hand.
data structure nomenclature?
Tesla initiates recall of 1.1M Cars in China due to Braking Flaw
Tesla has issued a massive recall of 1.1 million cars in China after discovering a critical braking flaw. Find out why this recall is necessary and the implications it holds for Tesla's reputation in one of its largest markets.
EPA proposes strict greenhouse gas emissions cuts for power plants
It's really hard to compare filesystems between windows and Linux- all of the layers above the filesystem are so different and confounding.
> ChatGPT, Dall-e, etc all make assumptions about identity or politics but try to sidestep direct requests around those topics to appear more neutral... but the bias still exists in the model and affects the answers.

In the case of ChatGPT, I’d love to know how much of the bias is in the original (pre)training data, and how much is due to OpenAI’s human trainers.

It is so careful to avoid every bias which is condemned as unacceptable in contemporary American culture, yet at the same time displays blatant American-centric bias - ask it a question, it will often just start answering by assuming you are an American. I realise a lot of that is due to the bias of the training data (the US has more fluent English-speakers than any other country in the world), but OpenAI obviously put a lot of manual effort into fine-tuning it to avoid racial/gender/etc biases, they don’t appear to have put anywhere near as much effort into fine-tuning it to avoid US-centrism - probably because they have a big blind spot in that area.
Because if you know the exact prompt that makes it easier to work around it?
It's important to note that the author uses denormalized tables for data analysis only. It was never outright stated "don't do this for source-of-truth, authoritative data," but yeah, don't do this for source-of-truth, authoritative data (in general).
TF, it hurts my brain.
The phrase is "Innocent until proven broke."
Maybe there will be a market for a dumb electric car in the future.
You aren’t understanding the judges statement. This only means that the conclusion necessary is sufficiently related to the accusation that additional assertions don’t need to be in the complaint for it to be legally sufficient as a claim of violation. That doesn’t mean that the facts charged in the complaint are proven (this is about whether there is even a chance to do that), nor does it mean that if the facts charged in the complaint are proven, the plaintiff doesn’t still have to prove the additional issue. It literally means “they’ve said enough that the complaint on this point is not dismissed out of hand before even getting to whether it can be proven” (the vast majority of the case was thrown out – though, except for a couple points, with leave to amend, so they may be able to fix the deficiencies.)
I think it is a big plus that the JavaScript community embrace code generators.

I mostly write C++ for a living, and I use code generators all the time. Generating C++/Java/Typescript/SQL/… from high level declarations.

Code generators are great tools for automating away the necessary but no-thinking-required parts of a typical app. I am typically able to code generate more than 90% of the application code needed to implement a new client/server business system. So why not use it?
It's actually all replaceable data and he's planning to recreate the pool anyway. Just insane that ZS handles it though.
> Even if somehow one in three people were huge fans...

This definition would make eating pizza itself a niche thing, topping or otherwise. 33% of the population is mainstream and it isn't an option to claim otherwise. Less popular? Yes. Fringe? No. Fringe is something like Linux on the desktop at sub-1% of the market. It is not feasible to ignore or marginalise 1 person in 3.

I'm certainly impressed by the position that the most popular show is the fringe one. In theory it is possible, but practically that is a hard sell.
I took linear algebra about 20 years ago as a requirement for my CS degree. I had no clue whatsoever what it was for beyond just "solving systems of equations" - whatever that meant. The prof didn't impress upon us how it underpins all of machine learning (which, mind you, wasn't as much of a hot topic then that it is now). Our attempts at grokking its importance were largely met with a kind of "because it's important" dismissal.

I didn't do great in the course, and when it was done, I was pretty happy this useless subject was behind me.

It wasn't until several years into my profession that I learned how important linear algebra truly is. I now work very closely with tons of data scientists, and I still feel like I should go back and learn it better.
How I built a custom Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 based k3s cluster and how I turned it from an idea into reality!
Rather than the impossible utopia (dystopia?) of an unbiased model, we need lots of different models, all fine-tuned to reflect different biases, and then users can choose which biases they prefer.
Fact checks were rarely, if ever used prior to Trump, and are rarely if ever used after Trump. And interestingly Biden’s lies, which are clear if you’re not on the left (read an independent or the right) never get covered. For instance, a real easy one is AR-15’s being unusual or not in common use. It’s the most popular gun in the US, yet you’ll only see this fact on right leaning sites. This means, unequivocally, fact checks are nothing more than political weapons and serve nothing more than brainwashing people. Let’s not even get started on how many mistakes Biden has made while speaking, and if Trump were have to done the same.

There is very clear bias, and an attempt to stifle out competition by flooding the narriatve. Some of us are interested in a neutral perspective and really want this tit-for-tat crap to stop, before the rest of you destroy the country.
I think the whole thing is hilarious. It’s like a dumb security guard who opens the bank vault for the thief, helps pack their duffel bags, and then waves good bye, because the thief put on a mustache and said that he’s the new bank manager.

And every time the Crown Jewels are stolen, a new overly specific rule gets added to the employee handbook, like “if someone claims that their dog ate their employee badge, and that it’s really urgent, you must reject them”.
Maybe because it solves about 80% of the PITA security bugs that have beset Windows and other systems software since the dawn of software development? C# is garbage collected with a big runtime. It's not even an option.
I like the idea of building in greater alignment of incentives between all the workers at the company, from the lowest worker to the top.

By all means CEOs should be highly paid, but if the company is successful and doing well, the workers that are enabling that success should see their fortunes rise as well.
The tech to make it impossible to start a car without the owner's consent, even when the attacker has hardware access? Are you also selling magic beans and snake oil?
Pretty fun and original game. I notice some videos repeat a lot though, which means I already know the ballpark of their view counts. I starred the repo to take a look at earlier, but I assume you're selecting from a predefined pool of videos. It would be interesting to see different methods to automate categorization of videos, perhaps using machine learning, maybe even an LLM that reads through the title, description and closed captions.
Those are hardly unsolvable issues with a JIT as they are static for the vast majority of cases. Solutions have been proposed since the 90s with Self and Strongtalk[1].

Doing that, plus 100% compatibility with CPython extension API, while preserving some expectations of deterministic destruction in Python, are the challenges one would face.

[1]: http://www.strongtalk.org/
Wouldn't it be trivial for msft to filter out responses that include the "rules" verbatim? Which makes me think it is hallucinating.
> Socialize losses + Medicare, Medicaid, ERC, unemployment, education, subsidize food, housing, solar, recycling etc etc.

I don't understand your point. Those other items are government services that I receive in exchange for paying taxes. Banking is a private for-profit enterprise, except when they mess up, then I pay for it. How are they the same?
Machines of mind: The case for an AI-powered productivity boom
Yes.

…but, when you’ve got a massive context windows like the GPT 35k, who cares?

If the quality of the response (eg. Only respond in markdown, it really does make a difference; you can see using the API) significantly improves the results, it’s probably worth it.

It’s only really an issue for smaller models like llama with much smaller context windows.
I think for the same reason unemployment benefits and other social programs exist for which we pay taxes and otherwise contribute to and benefit from. Society is better off when things happen thoughtfully and somewhat gradually and no one group is made to bear the brunt of a sudden, impossible to forecast negative event.
Minutes would be important if my company actually did anything. A company that literally does nothing doesn’t have to worry about the piercing of the corporate veil, because you first need to do something before you can become liable for it
Sounds like it would be a great lesson in unintended consequences:

- it would punish low skill industries over high skill industries; the PE shop of a dozen people where the lowest paid worker makes $500,000 doesn't have to worry, but the retail chain with 100,000 employees is going to be hit hard

- provides a strong incentive to outsource low paying jobs, rather than bringing them in house, or come up with other corporate structures (franchises for retail operations, move headquarters out of the country) to avoid having low paying employees on corporate payroll

Completely unsurprising suggestion by the NDP who has never been elected to lead the country before, so tends to have a ton of half-baked populist ideas that don't appear to be thought through very well and will never actually be implemented, but are very good at attracting voters.
I worked on a project where we tried to get the packing seal in the stem of a valve to pass a test certifying that it had a low leakage rate (fugitive emissions testing).

We used the highest grade seal and followed all design recommendations from the seal manufacturer. Still never passed.
Wow, almost like culture matters.

Structural factors for a single population out of dozens of distinct ones to kill, rape, rob, loot, riot, at rates 10x+ higher than others.

Funny how the same factors end up applying in Brazil, Europe, and even Japan.
There are obviously biases that we should not automate. Moral relativism is intellectually bankrupt.
A Baltimore mom recently learned her high school senior had a 0.13 GPA yet ranked 62/120 in his class. The student had flunked all but three classes during his first three years of high school.

-4th highest per pupil spend in the country.
Definition of money not well spent?
You can fix that by not clicking on things you don't like, because it shows you more of what you click. You can end up with a feed with fascists or communists or both because free speech applies to all. But again, you can choose what you want to see by training the algo or by using the feed of who you are following.
VMS under the hood
I worked on a project where we tried to get the packing seal in the stem of a valve to pass a test certifying that it had a low leakage rate (fugitive emissions testing) for natural gas applications.

We used the highest grade seal and followed all design recommendations from the seal manufacturer. Still never passed.
Dunno which is worse, this or security through obfuscation:/
I don't see this addressed in the article, but maybe Canadian working culture is different than the US:

Wouldn't this create a perverse incentive for companies to continue the trend of eliminating their lowest-wage employees from the books, either via contractors or automation?
> 'it's only property, it's probably insured!'

Insurance increases the expected cost of loss! -- the insurer would go broke if they were charging less than that.

So yeah, sure, it can save you from the boundary effect of it instantly wreaking your life but only by putting you at a constant disadvantage to people who live in less crime prone areas or whom are wealthy enough to self insure against such loss.
I noticed long ago that this is true of statistical machine translation too --- giving output with the exact opposite meaning to the input if there were any negationary words or phrases in there.
It’s possible but I feel that if an LLM flips styles, it will stick to that style afterwards. And the more advanced LLMs (I could be wrong but iirc Copilot chat is supposed to be GPT-4?) are much less likely to flip styles in the middle. Bigger models tend to be more coherent.

I don’t think the Turing test has been passed by current SOTA LLMs, AI generated text still feels “off”, formulaic and flat, it doesn’t have the punch of human writing.
Why is everyone so confused about this? Isn't verifying the easy part? You put it into the GPT-3.5/4 API as a system prompt and see it answers like the actual chatbot. If it does, you've either extracted the actual prompt (congrats!) or something else that works just as well (congrats!). If it doesn't, it's a hallucination. If you're worried about temperature setting throwing you off, keep trying new questions until you find one that the original chatbot gives the same answer consistently.

It's like a trapdoor function.

Am I missing something?
O why there are food deserts when stores continue to get robbed without any meaningful repercussions for the thieves
Earth’s Artificial Ring: Project West Ford (2006)
I would try giving a similar kind of prompt to one of the open-source local models, and then try to break that known prompt with these injection attacks. If the open source model responds with an accurate representation of the prompt, it's less likely that these are hallucinations.
Now it means google will control everything you see, not just which pages you see.
Before I saw your question, I asked the all-knowing (/s) ChatGPT, "What effect does El Niño have on weather in the Pacific Northwest?". Its answer:

> El Niño is a climate pattern that occurs when the sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean become warmer than normal. This can have a significant impact on weather patterns worldwide, including the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

> During an El Niño event, the Pacific Northwest typically experiences warmer and drier conditions than usual. This is because the warmer waters of the Pacific Ocean can cause changes in the atmospheric circulation patterns, leading to a shift in the jet stream. This, in turn, can result in a decrease in the frequency and intensity of storms that typically bring rain and snow to the region during the winter months.

> However, it's important to note that the specific impacts of El Niño on the Pacific Northwest can vary depending on a number of factors, including the strength and duration of the El Niño event and other climate patterns that may be occurring at the same time. Therefore, it's always a good idea to check local weather forecasts and stay informed about any potential impacts of El Niño on your area.
Highly recommend W2AEW's channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/w2aew
> …but, when you’ve got a massive context windows like the GPT 35k, who cares?

AIUI, prompt size still impacts the inference cost (the compute resources, even if you are the first party so you aren’t paying retail API pricing), and while the “you won’t have room left for work in your context window” problem is not as bad with the bigger long-window models, the inference cost per token is higher for those models, so one way or another its a factor.