skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Copilot and other code-authoring LLMs are one of the biggest innovations in software engineering in recent years. I use it daily and can't imagine going back to work without it — adopting it in 2021 was the same shock of a productivity boost as when I learned vim.

Yes, I know that it can occasionally break license by producing licensed code verbatim. But in my almost 2 years of using it daily I have never seen it happen first-hand, and I don't see how this licence infringement could actually do any significant damage to anyone — so while I acknowledge that this problem exist, I refuse to accept that it's as significant enough as people make it out to be.

For a long time, it seemed like technical progress in computing have stopped, and now that AIs and LLMs are finally bringing exciting new technology to life, it's very sad to see exactly the people that should be excited and inspired about it — software engineers — fighting against it.
>I've had all these arguments before, that I don't care to have again.

The arguenent of "I don't want to need help going to the bathroom/eating?" Or "I don't want to have effectively a two minute memory?" They're pretty solid arguments to me.

>I'm not telling other people when to die!

No, you want society to agree with you when people should die. This societal contract already does not exist. Maybe it'd be nice if it did, but you'd still need to answer the question of "should I stop this person from taking medicine because it's time for them to die?"
An IPv4 address on the wire is just a 32 Bit integer in big endian. The quad-dotted notation is the most common for IPv4 but you could also use hex or decimal. There was an article on HN just recently about that. I can't find it right now but try ping 0x7F000001 to get an idea. You don't even need a new protocol you could implement something like what three words or your 999.999.999 naming scheme locally and use it on the internet right now! No need to replace any routers or have anyone else upgrade.
Belgravia Tilly Leaf Trail Wallpaper
Why HN is so defensive against copilot but have a completely different opinion about MidJourney / StableDiffusion? Both are generative softwares which when generate a piece verbatim only means over fitting / over training on that particular example.

The tone on one of these tools is hypocritical. When it comes to digital art general sentiment is that it's inevitable and artists need to up their game. This sentiment is not being repeated for code generators.
You make it all sound like a factory and blame developers for going rogue.

That’s not how it works. It’s as though developers are dumb and can only execute if you tell them to do exactly as needed. Rather where’s the leadership and direction? Perhaps that’s not clear or the developers don’t even agree with what’s going on. You statement is so 1-sided.

If someone is not performing you shouldn’t need scrum to work that out otherwise you have bigger problems.

I’d argue alignment is useless as most of the time developers are told to implement useless features. Perhaps with some guidance and direction what the developers come up with is better than product.

It’s sad but product is like a theory machine that’s often impractical.

So what would you prefer? Developers without scrum delivering in 4 months or with scrum and taking a year? Even if they do go off for a few months on their own it’s more than worth it.

The problems aren’t accountability or alignment. If people aren’t following a plan, that is if there is 1 then it’s a leadership problem.
To be fair that is not verbatim.

It is mutatis mutandis the same but is that a problem? I'm sure many would say so, I'm not convinced.

Ultimately if his code is out there a Google search could bring up a snippet without the license visible and I might copy paste that. The crux is the same code might be presented without context.

Copilot is just a tool and the personal responsible for it's safe usage is the human behind it.

In my world view, if I copy a picture off Google image search ultimately I am morally the one who infringed copyright not Google.
From the fact you've spontaneously brought up corporate personhood as a bit of a strawman to pummel, it seems like your disagreements with the operation of the modern economy may go beyond mere cable standardisation.
> That's a requirement for AGI anyway

No, that's a requirement for AGI that does what humans want it to do, rather than having no conception of humans. AGI does not have that prerequisite, sadly.
I don’t know about that, that scene where they are sitting in front of their computer working on their portal and someone shows them the first release of Netscape 1.0 with yahoo included as a nav bar item seems pretty significant in my memory.

I think it also reminds me of how the web changed my interaction with my computer. Of course I was in front of it more, but it made it more about other people and sharing information than just me, alone working on my algorithm.
Due to their TOS I believe it's illegal to upload any code you don't have full rights for to GitHub (if it wasn't already uploaded by someone who has full rights for it, which isn't the same as it already being on github).

This is even true for e.g. MIT licenses as while they are very permissive they still require a form of attributions which Copilot doesn't provide.

Also for anyone arguing that such ML models "lern", at least the moment they are not exatcly perfect sized or sized below that they are basically guaranteed to verbatime encode partial copies of code, it's fundamental consequence of their design. And while this encoding is "encoded" in some way it's not transformative in the definition of copyright law AFIK. I.e. any big model net is guaranteed to commit hard to trace copyright infringement.
>Passkeys will be importable and exportable, cross-device, and across passkey managers.

Yes, but how will the users be able to do this in a way that they can understand and that is secure? The usability of stored secrets is a big outstanding issue at this point. You can't just blandly state you are going to solve the problem without any indication of how it is to be done. Just because something is technically possible does not mean that most people will be able to do it in practice.
I think there was a man in England insert long ago who killed someone and fled. 40 years later he was found and put on trial. In his defense he argued that he wasn't the same man of 40 years ago. And could point to many many differences to prove his point. The court was quite impressed and had him hung anyways.
100% everyone wants to do away with everyone else.
Sure, let me know when I can scp my passkey onto/from my Iphone.
BSP Trees: The Magic Behind Collision Detection in Quake
> If I scanned a thousand polaroid pictures, and took their average RGB values and created a LUT that I could apply to any photograph to make it look "polaroidy" - would that be learned?

You wouldn't. LUT would.
There's nothing brute force about getting this level of quality with just 2 samples per pixel. It is pretty magical actually, only possible thanks to ReSTIR, AI denoising, AI upsampling, AI frame generation and strong hardware acceleration for all these steps.

Lumen is very impressive, but definitely not "much smarter" than all those technologies I mentioned.

Anyway, Lumen is basically targeting PS5, while path tracing is "PS6" territory. Path tracing is without a doubt the future, basically the holy grail of rendering. Lumen an intermediate step before the HW is strong enough.
The point is, fundamentally, that you shouldn't take a manufacturer's word on real-world behaviour, particularly for something that isn't even released yet. Like, you can if you want, but going on history you will nearly always be disappointed.
Cyberattacks on health care are increasing. Inside a hospital's fight to recover
I mean yeah, but that's not bad enough to warrant such a response.

It's not like he's deranged or unsafe to speak to.
I see! Thanks for your reply, I hope we'll see this happening :)
> If you write the most efficient code, and then simply slap a license on it, does that mean, the most efficient code is now unusable by those who do not wish to submit to your licensing requirements?

If you don't "slap a license on it" it is unusable by default due to copyright.
And airplanes don't flap their wings, but we still agree that they're flying, just as birds do.
You won't gain that understanding until you actually complete both of those projects.

Industries and occupations that manage estimates well do so because bulk of the work is repeatable and predictable, and the people doing that work have done nearly identical kind of work before. There is some variability involved, but there's only so much of it, and it yields to tried and true classical project management techniques (not the things that pass as "project management" in software companies).

For example, even an inexperienced carpenter, asked to install a door system they haven't seen before, will be able to do it two or three times to get a feel and work the kinks out, and then when they're hired to install it in 300 flats of a new apartment complex, they'll be able to give you an accurate estimate of time and effort required.

With software, almost universally, your project is meaningfully unique, and your workers have never worked on something very similar before. The sources of variability are endless - project-unique challenges ahead, programmers never doing that particular component in that particular combination of languages, libraries and frameworks, in their specific versions, programmers and PMs never working in that specific domain before, etc. - and that's before you add stakeholders changing their requirements every other week.

The understanding one needs to have first is that the software project they're holding a stake in is typically best thought of as R&D effort.
For much of human history 50 years is probably a lot closer. Anyway…

https://xkcd.com/2608
Can somebody ELI5 Rasa for me? I read through the README and I still don't get what it does.
Because HN doesn't draw obviously.
Oh yeah they totally could have done it if they wanted to but they just didn't want to ...hee hee
And then you have Teams and a large Miro board open :-D

SCNR!
> Why HN is so defensive against copilot but have a completely different opinion about MidJourney / StableDiffusion

There's a miss match between producers of the content used to create the models and those using it. At the moment its mostly software developers who are using the output of Copilot, whilst its mostly non artists who are using MidJourney/StableDiffusion.
Not sure if this 80s secession attempt is true, but just to add some dimension of complexity, if such things mentioned without a vast context it's guaranteed to be misunderstood. In 80s it was still USSR, and what was "X leadeship" then? Communist party territorial organization, indeed. CPSU had a strict vertically imposed subordination. If it's true X oblast leadership tried to switch from one Soviet territory to another, we're probably talking level of apparatchik's intrigues, at times fueled by personal animosity, or corrupted interests conflict. But wait, there's more. In 80s central Soviet leadership decided to positivily re-brand itself from failed imperial center to a neutral stability sponsor, and started to clandestinely (not so much) encourage irredentism, and separatism in constituent republics to then weigh in as an arbiter, and peace-maker. With that in mind, some of secessionist demands were practically scripted, and sometimes could be even coordinated with republic's KGB heads. (But, of course, with diminishing authority, and resources in Kremlin it went out if control soon, and contributed to many very real conflicts afterwards)
Location: UTC
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Technologies: Elixir, Phoenix, LiveView, Java, SpringBoot, JavaScript, TypeScript, Express.js, React, Next.js, MySQL, PostgreSQL, AWS
Résumé/CV: Available upon request reviac [at] protonmail [dot] com
Email: reviac [at] protonmail [dot] com
> In my world view, if I copy a picture off Google image search ultimately I am morally the one who infringed copyright not Google.

I have an idea why, but... why exactly? What about a web scraper (that I made, similarly to that of Google) that downloads images? What if it is randomly downloading images and not intentionally a specific one?
A bit off topic but you better change the name and remove the GPT.
OpenAI is claiming AI products that are using GPT in their name are causing confusion and is sending legal threats now.

One of many examples: https://twitter.com/pbteja1998/status/1654095756200931328
For business, I use the Personal Kanban Task Organizer. It has an Outlook integration, so the tasks planned for today show up in my Outlook calendar.

I implemented it as a desktop software, it's available for Linux and Windows, it keeps your personal data on your local computer, no cloud communication, FLOSS.

https://gitlab.com/moasda/task-organizer
Because digital art is trained on the end result. The equivalent would be learning to write software by looking at compiled binaries.

Learning from source code is like learning from Photoshop files or Logic projects. Artists usually do not share them. In music, not even the labels get anything than the final mixdown (the music equivalent of the binary); the stems or projects remain with the studio - just like the source code in software projects tends to remain with the studios.

In software, we started showing and sharing source code under the assumption that it makes other humans making software better. People still rarely do this in music, as holding up industry secrets is deemed more important than fostering a community of personal growth.

We don't open source our code so an AI can grow. We do it so that humans can grow. There's no need to publish our code to distribute our final binary. This breaks the common understanding of why it's a good idea to share your source code, and as a result, people might become more protective of their code again.

In many ways, your comment is similar to all the comments saying "but you open-sourced it, surely you must know that people will then put it in their commercial code?"
The contents of the license are irrelevant, because such training is not being done under that license at all (or else it would already be violating it, failing attribution at the least—and it seems likely to be fundamentally impossible to comply, just like a human could not comply if human learning was subject to such licenses). It’s depending upon copyright restrictions not applying to it (under “fair use” doctrine).
Amazon would briefly “come up for air” to demonstrate it could earn profit if it wanted. Spotify hasn’t done that and I don’t think they could earn a profit.

Also, Amazon didn’t go 17 years without profit. Is there any company that went that long and then went profitable?

I like Spotify, but do they even have a roadmap to profitability? Are they even projecting profitability any number of years out?
There is a definite difference between singing a song while walking down the street and writing down the lyrics, putting it in a database, claiming it’s my content and then selling it on, even if it’s slightly rehashed.
Last week, several people were convicted of seditious conspiracy relating to the violent coup attempt on 1/6.

So yes, there is violence in American national politics.
You missed the entire part about context. Threatening with legal action does not make a victim, while threatening with something illegal like blackmail does.

In your example you aren't asking for money not to hurt them, like with blackmail. You are asking for money to give up your legal right to do something. Intent also counts in law.
How are you not a victim if the secret is a compromising photograph?

Surely, everyone is naked at times, still when secretly captured on camera, you can become a victim.

(Edit: this was supposed to be a root comment)
The other way to do that, which I know is crazy in modern times, is to actually enforce property crime laws and punish people that steal things...

how novel...

instead we have to accept draconian controls on our ownership of devices as a way to combat theft. I would much rather see criminals punished....
it allows them to sell your medical data. I guess once you tell someone about your health data then it's no longer health data protected by hipaa?
I'm sure you're very busy, but I'd be willing to compensate your expedited consideration in this matter. Blah blah.

Now it's a facilitating payment ;-)
This is neither ethics nor morality, it's just someone's desire. Which is fine, people should have desires towards their society.
> Germany is able, and has demonstrated that they can reduce coal and shut down all nuclear power plants

I disagree right here. The coal was reduced insignificantly, definitely not sufficiently to reach any climate goals. The reduction of the nuclear energy prevented that. Due to the latter, Germany simply has insufficient energy generation to fully exit coal, although they could probably do it, if chose nuclear.

> We both agree this is false. So what are we arguing about now?

I argue that, in the big picture, the consequences are the same as if Germany replaced nuclear power with coal.
Valid points. But I don't want my code to be used by big corporations and monopolies to train closed source LLMs that they're going to sell. Shouldn't I get to have a say in that?

For example, GPL controls what kind of projects can use my source code. Maybe there could be an addendum to GPL that requires all LLMs trained on the source code to be open source. Sure, that won't guarantee that Copilot-like bots won't be trained using my code. But it does give me a legal framework to stop big corporations from profiting off such Copilot-like bots without making them open-source as well.
Really? IIRC the PPC970 (you could definitely debate to what extent this was Apple vs IBM, of course) and Athlon64 both handily beat Intel's stuff when they launched ~2003; it's just that they failed to maintain that lead.
Hanged.

Just a small nitpick probably unworthy of HN, but it might lead someone to see why I posted, and the difference.
I've never used NixOS, so I have no horse in this race, but I'm not sure this write-up is entirely fair.

The first issue you describe is that you already have alternative Nix-like solutions in particular domains (R packages), and Nix let you continue using them. Is this not desirable though? You have the choice of letting Nix handle this, or carving out a Nix-less niche to continue using existing / more cross-compatible solutions.

The second issue is that support for games is weak in NixOS. But is this surprising? You're running games via emulation on a niche OS, where neither the game or the emulation tools you're using officially support NixOS. I'd say the fact NixOS can run these games at all is very impressive. Other alt-OSes, like Haiku, would not be able to do so.

The third issue is that you seem to need to edit /etc/hosts to be able to connect to captive portals on public WiFi. Do you? I'm on Linux, and I don't.

It honestly seems like Nix requires more tinkering than you were willing to do to get it set up, and that's an absolutely valid decision to make - it's the reason I don't use Arch, for example - but I feel like your article frames this as an issue with Nix, which seems a little disingenuous.
> Even Stone Age humans enjoyed the finer things in life, such as animal-tooth jewellery[sic]. Capitalizing on ancient fashions, scientists have extracted DNA from a 20,000-year-old deer-tooth pendant to identify the person who presumably either made or wore the ornament — a woman of north Eurasian ancestry.

I like when they lead with the lede.
I guess it connects your langchain bot to some API like e.g. slack?
It’s not that no 1 has done it correctly. It’s that no 1 wants to even do scrum. Most management do pretend scrum. It’s like hype driven development. You just get on the train without caring where it goes.
Well not really, code is living and breathing and changing so if we updated all licenses today to forbid the use of code to train llms which will be used in a proprietary setting it would be fine?
I think the big gain came from "ReSTIR". The previous games released with RT "remasters" like Quake 2 have only a few lights that need to be traced per frame. ReSTIR apparently can optimize how rays are traced and allows for far more light sources to be visible.

This is where the performance gain for the 100s of lights Cyberpunk might have in a single frame comes from.

https://research.nvidia.com/publication/2021-06_restir-gi-pa...

There is a "Digital Foundry" video which mentioned it.
thanks for asking.

this implementation leverages Rasa and stands up a FastAPI server where it receives the user response webhook first and gets processed by (or bypasses) Rasa.

The LLM queries a set of documents indexed by Langchain. Dummy data has been included (Pepe Corp.)

Rasa has support for a "fallback" mechanism whereby if a user's response scores low on your pre-configured Rasa intents (like Greet) you can have it route directly to the LLM as well. But for now RasaGPT capture and routes the Telegram response to the FastAPI webhook endpoint.

the LLM itself and prompts I configured provides a boolean on whether the response should be escalated to a human or not, based on LLM+Langchain not knowing the answer to the user's query from the indexed documents.

I hope that answers your question, if not happy to follow-up!
I’ve resorted to unscrupulous methods to get… the children’s fix.

There is also an episode about farting that was censored by Disney but that aired on Aussie TV.
That seems to be a custom Google API, not DNS over HTTP(S). Request format is very different from what is specified in https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8484 (/dns-query?dns= followed by raw DNS bytes). But sure, the implementation could easily be changed to use DoH
except all the practical usage that a lot of linux users have. using your logic, linux on the desktop doesnt exist, and yet it does. Yes, much fewer use it than windows, but those who use it do still use it
Isn't that generally true for most forms of entertainment? Watching shows or movies, seeing sports played, etc is just a fun diversion for a bit.
https://archive.ph/gV6Lr
> Having rescued several 10+ person year PHP projects from ruin

How did you rescue them? What are your views on Laravel?