skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Common way of comparing floats is to compare the difference to some epsilon value. See Python PEP-485 for example https://peps.python.org/pep-0485/
BlackBird is a clean slate, code-specific search engine. Not a general purpose fulltext search engine.
every book in the image on the front page isn't an engineering book
Ah yes, looks like they did.
I'm not claiming that it uses NTP, but:

> NTP can usually maintain time to within tens of milliseconds over the public Internet, and can achieve better than one millisecond accuracy in local area networks under ideal conditions

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol#Clock_sy...

The algorithm is more sensitive to variance than latency, but over a LAN variance is usually pretty okay. Wifi can be a lot worse, though, especially if there are a lot of clients.
I use it to store most of my private git repos and have been doing so for years now without a single issue. I do this:

cd ~/Sync/git
mkdir reponame
cd reponame
git init --bare
cd ~/work
git clone ~/Sync/git/reponame

I guess this could break if I do a push and then shut my laptop lid before it syncs, and then do some more work on my desktop, push, and then go back to my laptop. That hasn't happened though. If it did, it should be trivial to fix.

There was some other comment near here about ignoring .git directories. I guess they're using it to store the working directory rather than just the repository, as there is no .git directory stored in ~/Sync/ in my situation.
> You also have to confront the elephant >.> in the room which is that people are signing up for Mastodon because of Mastodon, not because of the larger fediverse.

Or more precisely, people are signing up for Mastodon because they're leaving Twitter, and Mastodon is one of the most prominent alternatives. These people are already accustomed to a monolithic monoculture on Twitter and aren't committed to the principles of federation, so they're not bothered by the size of mastodon.social.
Summarizing URLs with ChatGPT
https://github.com/MobiusSync/MobiusSync/issues/27
Yes but this is floating point - +0.0 represents all numbers between 0 and the smallest +ve FP number, -0.0 represents all numbers between 0 and the smallest -ve FP number - both can represent actual 0 - remember these can be generated by underflow so those meanings can be important in context
Is it surprising that so many environments that use IEEE 754 floating point numbers obey IEEE 754 on equality?

IEEE 754-2008 5.11: "Comparisons shall ignore the sign of zero (so +0 = −0)."
Yeah, it’s quite strange indeed. Clearly people with decent educations but zero background in applied research/peer review. More concerned with the sound of their own voice than with whether or not their findings are actually useful (or even true).

Perhaps they are all on stimulants!
"Writes to the WAL are purely sequential and writes to long-term storage are purely sequential."

Is that simply a typo or am I missing something? Shouldn't it be mostly random for long-term storage?
And how well is that going for them? It still sucks, and may crap out yet again during peak season this year
Who would want a lazily ported Java desktop UI in the browser?

Web apps are bad enough as it is. But downloading massive jar files and execute them at a major performance penalty? No thanks. I will actively avoid websites that use heavyweight tech like this.
In fairness, some permaculture people talk about this, for example, food forests which can produce an impressive amount of food which a city dweller would not recognise or know how to cook even if they did. If you have a large enough food forest then you could be providing some kind of subsistence living long after someone came for your cows, sheep and pigs.
I think the miscommunication here is that you think I'm talking about Mastodon at all.

Edit: cool music btw! I like the sophistication of your percussion.
What's so big deal in all this 3h vs 24h? It is still downloading it only once anyway and if there is no update the network call it makes is really 300 times more lightweight than opening google.com. I really don't understand this.
PyCon 2023 keynote – Ned Batchelder
Still not taking orders from Portugal, Spain, Italy...? :(
> Dijkstra's Guarded Command Language is a specification language, sort of, but it's better looked at as a very simple programming language for use with Floyd/Hoare/Dijkstra's axiomatic semantics. (Which didn't get mentioned at all. Sniff.)

This struck me too. There is an ur-language there, but it's not GCL rather it's Hoare triples and subsequently predicate transformer semantics and Boolean structures, as defined by Dijkstra and Scholten (among others, but they're the ones best known to me). So in that sense the ur-language for program specification is something we might call "mathematical logic." And predicate transformer semantics, when you get right down to it, is leaning on Leibniz's principle about as hard as biology leans on H-bonds. As you say, GCL is just a simple language that has a well defined predicate transformer semantic and an interesting approach to nondeterminism that is suitable for the kind of research Dijkstra was doing. One could theoretically define predicate transformer semantics for any language, although it would be a prohibitively difficult challenge for most if not all languages in common use today. Whether that's a problem with predicate transformer semantics or the languages we have is a matter of opinion I suppose.

Also predicate transformer semantics were extended to support concurrency by Lamport[1].

I'm still hoping for the day when assertional arguments fully banish behavioral ones, but it looks like it's still a long way off.

[1] https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/lamport-win.pdf
Floats are not real numbers though
This is specifically about equality. Comparing FPs for equality is very risky, as your numbers can differ by 0.00000000000001 without anyone noticing.

Strict inequality (> and <) comparison are generally fine as long as you avoid NaNs.
There is a way, and it happens in many countries including mine. It’s not nice to assume everyone acts like the cohort you’re familiar with.
This is awesome, love the python script
We don't have fast hardware decimals, except on IBM mainframes. So, if you need fast financial calculations which are too complicated for integers (e.g. gasp division), you usually use decimally-normalized doubles and do it very very carefully.

This is a sad state of affairs, but nobody was fixing this in the last 30 years, so there's that.
Looks cool, does this work with vector search DBs for embedding lookups and ANN?
If I were the customer, I’d reject your proposal too. The old software has been working fine for 40 years, why would I want to find someone to rewrite it?
> it probably wasn't, like, above-board to have kids working with live animals in school.

These days there are American children as young as 13 washing down slaughterhouses on school nights and sleepwalking to school. In a nation where child labor of this kind is completely legal, I think it’s fair to say that a few chickens at school is just fine.

https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/feds-find-100-children-...
It took me some effort to limit to 2L a day.
Settings > Security & Privacy > Privacy > Privacy Dashboard
> The majority of tasks I was used to in modern Excel were doable in 1-2-3

Work for a few years in the finance or insurance industry, and this opinion of yours will likely change: people in these industries have a tendency to (ab)use functionalities of modern Excel a lot. :-)
Based on my skimming the paper, am I correct in understanding that they came up with an elaborate collection of prompts that embed the text generated by GPT-2 as well as a representation of GPT-2's internal state? Then, in effect, they simply asked GPT-4, "What do you think about all this?"

If so, they're acting on a gigantic assumption that GPT-4 actually correctly encodes a reasonable model of the body of knowledge that went into the development of LLMs.

Help me out. Am I missing something here?
What's the conversion from African to European elephants?
> Again, this word 'all-in' simply doesn't mean what you think it means.

Ah, you're the "semantic guy". In this case it did mean exactly what I thought it meant, but not what you wanted it to mean. So I'll speak (nay, write) in literal terms instead of common parlance:

Elon Musk has used his more widely visible platform as the CEO of Twitter to advance authoritarian agenda, support and endorse authoritarian leaders (in the US and outside of it), make hate speech easier, make journalism harder, make knowledge generation harder by restricting access to data, and basically mock progressives exclusively. He's also endorsed conspiracy theories, and what I like most: he's adjusted the algorithm to ensure you see more content from himself and the people's he's "blessed".
And how about folks who themselves were from a colonized nation?
> One of the nice things about SPAs is that they allow navigation without the latency needed to re-load all assets. [...] You can get there the old-fashioned way if [...] you're doing something like putting hashes in the asset URL and hashing them as part of your build process.

But that solves the problem, doesn't it? And it seems a lot simpler than implementing an SPA.

Django has this feature built-in. You just have to enable ManifestStaticFilesStorage:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/contrib/staticfile...
That's hilarious. I definitely feel you. :p

Between idealism and pragmatism, the latter definitely wins when push comes to shove.

It's also easy for me to posture as though I use GNU/Linux out of bitter, noble sacrifice and righteous fury toward Microsoft, but that's like 1% of it. The 99% of it is pragmatism. I happened to have lucked into a set of priorities where Linux is the more pragmatic choice (as long as you pay the upfront cost to learn it). I don't need to use PhotoShop or audio synthesis software, for example. I just program. So, for me, Linux works great! :D I also play (mostly non-AAA) video games. If Valve hadn't supported Linux, you best believe I wouldn't have survived on it.

So, actually, my real fear isn't that I get complacent about my ideals; rather, it's that my priority matrix never shift such that the optimum solution begins to run against my ideals. (That's partly the case now that Microsoft owns GitHub, since I use GitHub, and I try to forget that Microsoft bought it every time I use it.)
> some people are polite listeners and some people are polite interrupters

I see it as, polite listeners expect you to make sure they understand, while polite interrupters take responsibility for understanding themselves.

I much prefer polite interrupters. They act as any sane communication protocol would, with error correction and retransmission in mind. At the end, you're confident that they understand.

With polite listeners, the conversation always goes much slower, and with much less confidence, due to lack of feedback. I have to limit the length of any dialog, constantly ping them for understanding/questions. Otherwise, I get to the end of the conversation, and they tell me they stopped understanding after the first sentence, which was the foundation of the rest. At the end, you're not confident that they understand. It's an uncomfortable chore.

Anyone have tips on talking with polite listeners?
It's either sophisticated (in the eye of the beholder) or it isn't. Art doesn't "pretend". You can only take it at face value.
You can try our service for one month and decide if it's right for you. If you're not satisfied, we offer refunds. You can find more information about this in the FAQ section on the payment page. We want everyone in our community to be happy, as this is a side project aimed at creating a fun experience.
there are many things that absolutely are scalable to the entire human race, at least outside of the city. Permaculture asks nothing of you but your effort. The "massive amount of labor put in is what's needed to produce that amount of food. It's only in rich countries where people can produce food for much less labor (by working a high paying job and buying the food at the market). there are many countries where people are much better off growing their own food, rather than working at a minimum wage job and buying the same food.

You should watch John Jai on Youtube. He's in thailand a country where the GDP per capita is a fraction of the US and yet he has more land, 3 small paid off huts and enough food to raise 4 kids all with plenty of time left over to read books. "Life is easy" he says, not bragging about his riches but rather to let people know about an alternative way of living.
Adobe can't ever change any of their old filters for compatibility reasons (or because they believe they're "not really broken".)

Approximately all the math in Photoshop is wrong because it's not done in linear colorspace, the image resizing algorithms were bad for 1980, etc, but they can't change them.

Lightroom introduced a new better ML demosaic for raw photos, but they can't just replace the old one, instead it's a different "enhance photo" option.
Floating point numbers are dangerous but in 2023 we should find a way to improve the side effects.

Playing with Python3:

>>> +0.0==-0.0
True

The C in GCC below also returns 1:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

float a = +0.0;
float b = -0.0;
printf("%d\n", a == b);
}
If there's anyone who may take issue with your assertion that the software will continue to get updates and new features and bug fixes, I think it would coincidentally be Logic MacOS users. FCPX still gets some good attention, but Logic; the good things you could say about it are that it still works how it has, and you don't have to pay a subscription fee.

If a subscription fee is what it takes to get some attention then so be it; $5/mo is certainly reasonable. But I wouldn't assert it as a foregone conclusion.
> Personally I think the stalking fear is overblown

I used to think that, but I know one woman who was stalked with an AirTag and I personally know too many women who were stalked even before these tags came along.

The one thing I have learned in life: as a large male, I simply view the world through a completely different lens than a small woman does.
Fuck the cops in Uvalde - but again, how is a parent knowing there's an active shooter, minutes for the cops, going to make any difference?
Ideally, you'll want to do distance calculations in fixed point numbers (of desired resolution). Floating point works well as a first approximation, but unless you can make sure that you are not going to end up wandering in the weeds (and ensuring that required understanding of computational numerics), you should probably replace them with fixed point once you understand the problem and the solution and know the limits involved.
I love the epistemology related discussions AI inevitably surfaces. How can we know anything that isn't empirically evident and all that.

It seems NN output could be trusted in scenarios where a test exists. For example: "ChatGPT design a house using [APP] and make sure the compiled plans comply with structural/electrical/design/etc codes for area [X]".

But how is any information that isn't testable trusted? I'm open to the idea ChatGPT is as credible as experts in the dismal sciences given that information cannot be proven or falsified and legitimacy is assigned by stringing together words that "makes sense".
In case of floating points, since they are an approximation, zero is not zero. Zero is a quantity approaching to zero. In fact dividing by zero with floats is entirely possible! (it leads to infinite, positive or negative depending on the sign).

For example, the quantity (try it in Python):

0.1 ** 100 / 1000**100 evaluates to 0.0

while the quantity

0.1 ** 100 / (-1000**100) evaluates to -0.0

It's clear that neither the two quantities are 0 (no division can produce a result that is exactly zero!) but they approach the zero. But one quantity is slightly less than zero, the other slightly more than zero.

Of course for integers -0 doesn't make sense (that is the reason why we invented 2 complement, to not have 2 "zeros")
Bingo. It’s probably a PR tactic to increase interaction and positive mention. With the optional effect of getting a rise out of wokies. Which is fine I’m just struggling with her voice. It’s annoying. I have Mexican family (siblings, step mother) and they don’t sound like this.
It's not just extrapolation. It's also prediction based on well-understood chemical/physical processes in the atmosphere and glaciers and oceans.
A few thoughts from an autistic bro scientist...

Not being deficient in Vitamin D is not the same as having optimal levels of Vitamin D. Optimal levels of Vitamin D are probably around 60-70ng/ml, with a bias to upper end of that range (in my opinion anyway). I say this because individuals with a lot of sun exposure will typically have Vitamin D levels around 70ng/ml so this is in my opinion is likely closer to the levels of our ancestors. However, a lot of experts would argue 50ng/ml is optimal, but I disagree with this primarily because the number is based on population averages in populations that are largely Vitamin D deficient.

In comparison, to be considered deficient you would generally need levels below 20ng/ml which less than a third of what I suspect is optimal (and natural).

Again, I'm just an autistic bro scientist, but my understanding is that low levels of Vitamin D are strongly associated to higher levels of inflammation in the body. We also know that higher levels of inflammation in the body are linked to various negative health outcomes like depression, impaired immune function, and increased cancer risk.

If I were to guess most individuals who develop cancer are older and generally less healthy. Given that most people in the West don't have optimal levels of Vitamin D in the first place we can only assume that those with cancer have even less optimal levels.

Therefore the idea that supplementing Vitamin D in a population highly likely to have suboptimal levels of Vitamin D would reduce cancer mortality should not be surprising at all. If you live in the West you really should consider taking 1,000 - 2,000 IU of Vitamin D a day – and perhaps more if you're able to monitor your levels to ensure you're not taking too much.

I'm really not a fan of taking supplements in general, but Vitamin D is one of the few most people in the West probably would benefit from taking at a low dose.
Can you name some of those levers? Because I tend to think that bullying is as old as our species is
Show HN: Turf NFT Royalties
Hi HN!
We're excited to share with you that we've just launched an insanely great extension to our cartographic art project TURF: royalties.
Whilst TURF's original cartographic art NFTs of every square of earth are available only once, owners can choose to allow their TURFs to be made available as prints on our website. When someone buys a print depicting the cartographic art of an owner's TURF, they get up to 10% of revenue as a royalty. After subtracting all costs, we get to keep about 10% of revenue ourselves.

With this program, we hope to encourage TURF owners to spread the word about TURF amongst friends and family, as well as connect us to businesses who may want to gift TURF based artwork to their customers, event attendees or even loyal employees.

We can't wait to see what happens next and are very curious what y'all think!
Ok, sure, so it was just for a specific case of comparison.

Well, followup, if some error Epsilon can be introduced during any manipulations, when you check for strict inequalities do you check x < y + Epsilon? Does the language implicitly do it for you?
> Yale's introductory Greek history class with lectures from Donald Kagan

+1 for this.

For those that are interested:

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL023BCE5134243987
Ooohhhh, a specification language for specification languages.

The grammar that ties together graphical things like Petri Nets and TLA+ is going to be fantastic!
Why is Google stonewalling regulation in Brazil?
Apparently, they thought of that, Line 3 of the patent application US10452978B2:

Provisional Application No. 62/510,256, filed on May 23, 2017

There are however other patents and applications:

Neural machine translation with latent tree attention
US20180300317A1 James BRADBURY

I'm not an expert so I can't read the spec and claims as to relevance with authority. However, it still wouldn't count directly as prior art as it was published in Oct 2018. Patents are now first to file and not first to invent (to match the rest of the world).

edit: They do also site non-patent prior are regarding attention. Whether this covers self attention I'm not clear and of course their claims have been reviewed by the examiner in light of the art so they're presumed valid until re-exam.

Luong et al. "Effective approaches to attention based neural machine translation," arXiv 1508.04025v2, Sep. 20, 2015, 11 pages.Luong et al. "Effective approaches to attention based neural machine translation," arXiv 1508.04025v2, Sep. 20, 2015, 11 pages.
"martian" isn't an official term from the RFCs, and is terrible usage. If linux is not running on mars at the moment (perhaps in the Chinese rover?) it surely will be in the not too distant future. And a router in orbit may need to distinguish between martian and terrestrial traffic.

Which the code can easily do of course, but a foolish name like this could confuse someone debugging code during development, or worse while debugging a communication problem in process far away.

(BTW this is an earnest, not humorous comment).
>It's not even clear to me that "Big Age" is even a bad thing, seeing that their massive economies of scale allow them to produce more for less(money, environmental impact)

Big Ag is extremely destructive to the environment, because it doesn't respect existing environments & ecosystems, instead seeing them as a blank canvas for terraforming and imposing industrial processes.

Where are you getting the idea that Big Ag has less environmental impact than a backyard garden???

>They will say stuff like "it's practically free to have all this free food I grew on my lawn", while ignoring the massive amount of labor they put in,

It doesn't require much labor. That's one of the main points — permaculture is about working with nature rather than against it. Instead of tilling and pumping soil full of mined fertilizer, you use the natural processes appropriate for your local environment to support your crops. When properly applied, permaculture is about minimal effort.

>the waste product that they managed to scavenge,

Yes, that's also the point of permaculture: diverting waste streams and closing loops. For example, composting is a great way to make high-quality soil while diverting food waste from the landfill where it would anaerobically rot and generate methane. Permaculture can (and should) be low effort.

>and the infrastructure they pay little to no taxes for.

Huh? Where are you getting the idea that permaculture encourages resource theft and tax avoidance?
Why do you think that the ratio of misdiagnosis would go up if there was a dialogue or a review process?

2. and 3. are interlinked. In my mind, medicine is the number one application for ML. Every doctor should have the best AI at their finger tips. One person cannot digest all the research that is being done; computer can. The benchmarks will go up.
We've re-exactlied it. Thanks!
Almost everyone who was doing local storage put their vault in dropbox or something similar.

The problem isn't their offering of their custom cloud storage solution, but them forcing it upon people who were happy with the current state.
-0.0 = 0

+0.0 = 0

Hence -0.0 = +0.0 right ?
I think it is more the other way around. They're keeping your hands sanitary, from the food, for other uses. Using chopsticks while eating keeps the food from getting all over your hands (cheeto fingers).
The world’s oldest ultramarathon runner is racing against death