skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think this is a larger trend of "blue states" demographics shifting to red states. This has broad political implications - there was a report I read a while back that stated is why there was no "red wave" in 2022 elections.

And this trend will continue.
Mexico is below replacement, that's the opposite of good demographic growth
Traditionally the C Preprocessor is a separate dialect distinct from C itself, and outputs C. So, historically it would be before lexing with respect to C. It's also been used to process non-C text, but that's fairly obscure. The hint is in the name: "Preprocessor"

I'm sure some modern compilers blur the stages nowadays.
this joke isn't accurate though. its just a meme. getting way to high can you paranoid in other ways. which i guess is like schizophrenia. ime if your the type thats constantly scared of the police itll just turn into other paranoias. "are they talking about me" "why are they looking at me" etc..
Nobody Trusts the Banks Now
If all you’ve done is download the model and perform basic prompts then I understand why you think this. There is a lot more going on behind Bard and GPT than a chat window passing the inputs to the model.

Edit for clarity: You’re comparing a platform (Bard, GPT) to a model (llama, etc). The majority of folks playing with local models are missing the platform.

In order to close the gap, you need to hook up the local models to LangChain and build up different workflows for different use cases.

Consequently, this is also when you start hitting the limits of consumer hardware. It’s easy to download a torrent, double click the binary and pass some simple prompts into the basic model.

Once you add memory, agents, text splitters, loaders, vector db, etc, is when the value of a high end GPU paired with a capable CPU + tons of memory becomes evident.

This still requires a lot of technical experience to put together a solution beyond running the examples in their docs.
Article says "In addition to the persisting illicit market and plummeting wholesale prices, extreme delays in local licensing have been cited as a cause for the decline." The article is also about revenue only, so I dunno.

The hypothetical comparison like a decade ago was the number of users before legalization vs the number of users after. Every study I can find showed a sharp increase in usage in states that legalized it. If usage actually fell in '22, I doubt it came anywhere close to reversing the trend since legalization.
GPT4 sucks for many use cases because it's SLOW. It will co-exist with ChatGPT variants.
Oh, that's not a full TL;DR -- but sounds like you've read the paper. :)

Shifting field: yes, we spend a lot of time trying to figure out what is going to change and what isn't, at least in HCI (my field). LLM capabilities are changing by the...day? So anything that's very focused on LLM capabilities won't be relevant for long.

Humans don't change quite as fast!

Keep in mind this paper was first written in September 2022, reflecting work done prior to then...practically an eternity in which we've since seen ChatGPT take the world by storm, and now GPT-4. But I think the lessons there are still very relevant, and will be for quite some time.
> Actually even ST-72 made synchronous calls

I've not suggested it is anything but synchronous, so I don't know why you're bringing that up. It's not what we're talking about when we talk about "message passing" in this context.

> In ST-76 and later versions "message passing" is just nomenclature used by the ST folks for something that is just ordinary method dispatch and call (if you have doubts, you can analyze the innards of the ST-80 VM yourself e.g. with these tools: https://github.com/rochus-keller/Smalltalk ).

Sure, you can implement method dispatch the same way. I've written a (partial; unfinished; very buggy) Ruby compiler that allows dynamic method redefinition with even basic C++-style vtables. The point is not the dispatch method but the ability to override them at will.

> The major difference is the dispatch based on signature hash (similar to e.g. Java interface method calls) instead of static offsets, which enables late binding

That late binding is an important part of it.

But you don't even need to deviate from static offsets to enable that late binding (you do need to do so if you want the ability to do dynamic interface-based inheritance, but even then you can use a vtable-like approach - see e.g. Protocol Extension: A Technique for Structuring Large Extensible Software-Systems, M. Franz, 1995 - which adds dynamic inheritance at runtime to Oberon) as long as the dictionaries/vtables/whatever you look them up in are mutable.
Kind of neither, but it's more like the entropy of its output than its input. LLM's can be used to generate text but fundamentally what they do is calculate probabilities of a token given previous tokens. Given a context like "I saw a", the LLM gives a probability to each token in its vocabulary within that context. It's really a probability distribution p(token | context). You can sample from that distribution to generate text, or you can use it to get the probability of some fixed text that you feed into it, which is the probability that the model would have generated that text (at temperature 1).

The PTB perplexity numbers are based on the probabilities assigned to some text from the Wall Street Journal that used to be used as a standard test set in language modeling. It's 2 to the power of the average log probability of each word in the text under the model. So perplexity of 20 corresponds to around 4.3 bits of log probability per word, or another way of thinking of it is that the model will guess the correct following word in 1/20 cases.

The reason I say this isn't exactly the output entropy is that, since perplexity is evaluated on a fixed text, it might not correspond to the kinds of texts that the model would generate purely on its own. In other words when you're looking at some fixed txt, the contexts you get in p(token | context) might not be anything like a context that the LM would generate itself. This was a problem people pointed out a few years ago---back then it looked like LM generations were somewhat higher-entropy than what you measured looking at a fixed text. I don't know if the modern huge LMs have this same problem.
The Zwicky Box: a systematic and creative approach to problem-solving
Hi! Sorry it took a bit, had to redact some information off the screenshots. The dashboards can be assembled out of components that show specific information, so there's no singular dashboard. Instead, you can use the components to make a screen that has a bunch of information that's relevant to your everyday workflow.

We do have some sample dashboards here, what we think would be useful for AWS Account level settings, ECS services, SQS queues, and general markdown to describe a runbook or - https://github.com/tinystacks/opsconsole/tree/main/samples. I'm also pushing up images for each sample.

I recommend taking a look at the ECS sample because that gives a taste of how far these dashboards can go. https://github.com/tinystacks/opsconsole/blob/main/samples/e...
Thank you, I looked specifically whether this was discussed here already and found your reference.
> Having enough scale to perpetually offer free/low-cost compute is a moat.

Its a moat for services, not models, and its only a moat for AI services as long as that compute isn’t hobbled by being used for models which are so inefficient compared to SOTA as to waste the advantage, which underlines why leaning into open source the way this piece urges is in Google’s interests, the same way open source has worked to Google and Amazon’s benefits as service providers in other domains.

(Not so much “the ability to offer free/low-cost compute” but “the advantages of scale and existing need for widely geographically dispersed compute on the cost of both marginal compute and having marginal compute close to the customer where that is relevant”, but those are pretty close to differenly-focussed rephrasings of the same underlying reality.)
> This is like higher level and more readable + hopefully more efficient version of SQL.

This.
If you feel like your criteria for quality is beyond what you can typically find in the popular public consumption, just start reading papers directly?
https://archive.is/W3U0K
Then it’s not 20% then
> Seems like every Zelda game is described by their fans as the 'Greatest Game of All Time', despite flaws that would be called out if the corporate mascots were not in the game.

The first (and only) Zelda game I played was Breath of the Wild, and it was indeed one of the best games I've ever played. Certainly Nintendo is guilty of peddling mascots as monetary vehicles, but there is substance in the occasional great video game they develop, so I wouldn't necessarily put them in the same category as Disney...

But Disney, on the other hand...they are a merchandise company -- full stop. Everything they do funnels directly into the licensing and selling merchandise (and not just to children -- those Loungefly backpacks are basically a contagion for adults). This made them $56.2 _billion_ in 2021.

If you have young kids, it's incredibly hard to avoid the gravity well of toys, apparel, and all the other merchandise that Disney vomits out. And the funnel is the entertainment they produce, which is often feel-goody to the point where you begin to pass them off in your head as benign.
Great questions!

> This is a different claim from your blog post on 08/03/23 where the cost of each search was 1.25 cents.

Yes, cost of search has significantly increased since. Microsoft raised prices 6x and it is 2.5 cents to do a search with the Bing API alone. We are trying to absorb much of that through creative ways so that users do not see it.

> If this is the case, why not differentiate the subscriptions based on their value-add features and operate an upper bound of $25/mo on the amount charged for searches for all tiers?

Because the cost of all other features pales in comparison to the cost of search. In general if a feature does not costs us anything we do not charge the user for it (example: bangs are free).

> If you're making money off of the subscription, why don't the search quotas roll over?

Two main reasons:

- It means more billing systems to build and we are eager to work on search features like this update

- Something still has to pay for all our additional costs like free trial account searches and salaries

> It's worth bearing in mind that issues for potential users may not be a problem for existing users, apportioning time to the desires of both groups is a difficult balance.

Agreed and it is a matter of product roadmap prioritization. While the issue was previously raised, it had only one upvote. Now that we got more alarming feedback it was prioritized internally and 5 and 9 from your list should be addressed asap (others do not really apply as we do run a full search for those).

> My personal perspective is that it's absolutely unacceptable for a company to double-charge due to their own UI decisions.

I agree with this perspective and as I hopefully explained that was not the intent, but a bug.
> I don't care one iota about craftsmen who can no longer conduct their craft in the way they want because a better technology came around.

You'll care when they actively subvert the rollout of the new technology. If the technology truly benefits society more than it hurts the craftsman then you can share some of the gains with them so they too can benefit.
Here's a Scott Alexander post that looks at the link between nicotine and Schizophrenia. The research seems to indicate the nicotine reduces the incidence of schizophrenia, rather than smoking triggering schizophrenia. Smokers are less likely to develop schizophrenia, and mentally ill people probably end up smoking because it helps their symptoms

https://slatestarcodex.com/2016/01/11/schizophrenia-no-smoki...
The standard POSIX specification describes the vi line editing mode for the shell command line. They tried to add an emacs mode but... [1]

"In early proposals, the KornShell-derived emacs mode of command line editing was included, even though the emacs editor itself was not. The community of emacs proponents was adamant that the full emacs editor not be standardized because they were concerned that an attempt to standardize this very powerful environment would encourage vendors to ship strictly conforming versions lacking the extensibility required by the community. The author of the original emacs program also expressed his desire to omit the program. Furthermore, there were a number of historical systems that did not include emacs, or included it without supporting it, but there were very few that did not include and support vi. The shell emacs command line editing mode was finally omitted because it became apparent that the KornShell version and the editor being distributed with the GNU system had diverged in some respects. The author of emacs requested that the POSIX emacs mode either be deleted or have a significant number of unspecified conditions. Although the KornShell author agreed to consider changes to bring the shell into alignment, the standard developers decided to defer specification at that time. At the time, it was assumed that convergence on an acceptable definition would occur for a subsequent draft, but that has not happened, and there appears to be no impetus to do so. In any case, implementations are free to offer additional command line editing modes based on the exact models of editors their users are most comfortable with."

[1] https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/s...
I wish I could read the study but it is paywalled. The author of this article calls it "a new study of almost 7 million health records" but really it's a review of 20 other studies. So I wonder how they came up that number.

Also, it doesn't make much sense to me to draw correlations between "high potency" cannabis and these outcomes. The potency of the cannabis shouldn't matter nearly as much as the amount of total THC consumed within a single session or whatever, right? I would think it's just harder to consume a ton of THC when the potency is lower.

edit:
The commenter lisasays has found and linked the actual study the article is based off of. Apparently it just wasn't linked in the article.
any plans on migrating it to its own repo? presumably when it's more mature?
At that point, why not just make types you want lock functionality for be declared as 'synchronized' in their class definition:

synchronized class Foo {
//...
}
Sounds like the perception matches reality given your experiences.
> He isn’t forcing you to use Facebook.

Unless you are constantly on guard and take defensive measures, Facebook spies on you even if you don't use it. So he is forcing you to contribute to Facebook.
Many of the answers follow the canon of the book but the tone is completely off and it'd very obvious that the answers are written by ChatGPT.

Interestingly it refused to give an opinion on Draco Malfoy because OpenAI doesn't allow hate speech.
Lots of the stuff we "tech folk" build is based on people owning nothing. Everything is [thing] as a Service.
It should be opt in. If they don't have permission they shouldn't be able to use your data.
GitLab task planning is so terrible we had to give up on it and move to Linear. It's like night and day. I can create ten tickets in Linear in the time it takes me to open the right GitLab board. The good thing is that this has probably saved us money as now fewer people need GitLab licenses.
> Or maybe there’s a warning that the item is low in stock. Those are dark patterns.

I don't agree this is a dark pattern. I understand why they say it is but as long as those items are actually in low stock I think this is fine.
The IETF for one https://github.com/ietf/terminology/pull/9

My intent wasn't to appeal to authority though. I think Deceptive Patterns is just plain better. A term being popular doesn't prove it is precise or inoffensive.
What's annoying about premium is a lot of the features are things that were free that they made not be. You USED to be able to play videos in the background on an iPad no problem then they decided that was a paid feature for some reason. Fortunately on Android you can easily do it with Firefox and an extension.
> novel or essays that provide an opportunity to turn things around in your mind in a way that yields interesting insights

Very well said. In fact, this is a more succinct way of describing my usually spirited defense of fiction, particularly older fiction.
Definetly Vimium. I have tested it on both Firefox and Chrome (-ium) and it just works. Remember to blacklist sites that need you to press random keys.
Oh no, they're going belly up in 20,000 days! (i.e. $10B / 500k) Compute is going to keep getting cheaper and they're going to keep optimizing it to reduce how much compute it needs. I'm more curious about their next steps rather than how they're going to keep the lights on for ChatGPT.
This is somewhat unreasonable, but it's difficult to argue with its effectiveness even if unpopular and inconvenient.

The high school I attended (Leland of SJUSD) in the mid 90's ripped out all of its lockers in the 70's or 80's. (The lockers were on the exterior of buildings of an open campus.) The legend is that unknown person(s) were placing incendiary explosive devices in them and blowing them up, causing a real safety hazard due to shrapnel caused by the lockers themselves. Supposedly, they couldn't allow the risk of having an explosion during school hours and associated injuries. Therefore, all students had to carry heavy textbooks.

https://www.google.com/maps/search/leland+high+school/@37.21...
Interestingly, schizophrenia is really rare in accounts before the 1800s. It appears to be a modern disease, which would make it seem like it would be environmental.

Another interesting thing about schizophrenia is it's much more common in cities, even after controlling for drug use and ethnicity[1]. Which again makes it seem like something that was rare in the past.

[1]: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-...
Those things, as well as very real differences in taxation.
The user you are replying to has stated that the problem has not yet been made reproducible in the issue you are referring to.
The moat comes by integrated LLM and generative AI into classical technique feedback cycles, finetuning in specialized domains, and other “application” of LLM where LLM acts as an abstract semantic glue between subsystems, agents, optimizers, and solvers. The near obsessive view that generative AI is somehow an end rather than an enabler is one of the more shortsighted sides I see in this whole discussion of generative AIs over the last several years, peaking recently with ChatGPT
Freshly discharged spent fuel is many orders of magnitude more radioactive than the source material because of the fission products generated:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fission_product

That's also why an explosive breach of an operating reactor, like at Chernobyl, is far more dangerous than an explosive accident at a uranium mining site. The danger of radioactive materials is inversely proportional to their half-lives, so acute danger from fission products lasts only a few centuries. But it's pretty important to contain those fission products until said centuries have passed.
Also, today is May the 4th
wow just found `wasavi` in the list and it's awesome.
If I have access to the physical device and the SD card/USB drive in order to pull off an attack that secure boot prevents, then why wouldn't I just take the whole damn device and swap it with my own? Presumably the network/gpio/etc. are the important part here and not the Pi.
Does Open-AI make a copy of the data at any point? If so that's a copyright violation.
> Larger and more complex systems can be built using better tooling.

to what end, make rich people richer?
Yeah but how is lower tech salaries bad for the startup? It just makes it easier to compete on compensation, right?

I agree with the available VC money, it’s a big difference. But I don’t see how governments are supposed to fix that.
It's likely a self solving problem. Through AI we are adding tons of fake information to the net. We will get to the point that a picture or video alone won't be definitive proof of anything. There will have to be back up evidence that it is real. I think a way to protect yourself from deepfakes is to go the opposite route and deepfake yourself. Make sure there are images out there that are provably fake, that way if one does come around that is not of your own making, you can point to a history of being deepfaked and be able to easily dismiss it.
Taking the "no moat" argument at face value, I think it's important to remember that some of the largest players in AI are lobbying for regulation too.
Spot on.

I think author forgot to mention StableLM?
Ease of entry and exit should be roughly equivalent. Another perspective that makes it clearer; any attempt to trick or subvert the will of another is a dark pattern.

Transparency here is a distraction, plenty of tricks still work great even when people can see them coming. Focus on the intent and the result however and it becomes clear.
But the trendline outside of CA is even worse lately.
It's (IMO) intentionally crippled because it asks for every app install. Including free ones. Which is not only annoying, since kids play a lot of games, but also creates a time delay. For example, the child is in a special education program that requires certain apps. If he tries to install one at school and I don't approve it immediately then that's a problem.

There is no option to "ask for permission if it costs money" option. Which, let's be honest - is probably what most parents are looking for (and would be dead simple to implement).
Prequel Memes. They are the only acceptable universal standard of human comms! Effectively free to generate & distribute. From True Love at the Lake House on Naboo. To Absolute Power in a single Space Opera frame. Like Shakespeare, Lucas has managed to encapsulate the full spectrum of human experience & emotion in a handful of plays. I am looking forward to Asoka mania this summer. And time permitting, building some in-house pixar quality prequel meme economy generative tooling ;)
this doesn't even include the stuff around agents and/or langchain
Yeah, this is exactly my point, their needs don't overlap with your needs, hence sometimes it's better to self-host, because then it's 100% your needs that gets taken care of.
Fair point. There's apparently a market for transparent winter clothing.
Betting that was supposed to read "made legal" but the point is clear, the link is very well known both to the medical world and culturally at large. The question of mass shootings and cannabis is interesting, it doesn't seem as likely that someone, even experiencing serious paranoid schizophrenia would go out into the world shooting (instead of barricading themselves), but then I haven't seen statistics for the use of amphetamines or opioids or alcohol by shooters either.
I think it can remember 2 questions because I referred to my first question in my second question and it answered. First I asked about the invisibility cloak then I asked if I can use it to sneak into girls dressing room.
Lol—that's so wrong. Someone's already got an issue open: https://github.com/erikw/vim-keybindings-everywhere-the-ulti...

Evil has been fantastic. That said, I'm intrigued by Meow: https://github.com/meow-edit/meow

Meow inverts the order of commands: instead of vim's verb-count-object order, meow does object-count-verb, if I'm remember David Wilson's video right. This lets it pop up an avy-like overlay (I think it calls them "rulers") so you can see more clearly exactly how far of an extent an action is going to have. Kinda cool. Might try it some day.
Works on my machine. The video's title is "Robert Newman's History of Oil", it is 45:43 long, if searching for it has better success for you.