skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Energy doesn't come from nowhere. It comes either from the sun, from nuclear fuel, or from fossil fuels being burned. If it's not one of those three, we have a nobel prize winner.

So, it probably comes from the sun¹. The sun didn't change its output much according to relevant science in the last few years, solar cycles notwithstanding. So, it must be related to the amount of energy not being reflected into space.

Which is where greenhouse gases come into play. The earth reflects a certain amount of energy it receives back into the vastness of space. The ratio of how much it reflects is affected by greenhouse gases.

Now, there are a lot of greenhouse gases. CO² is one of the least potent of all, but its sheer volume in the atmosphere - being increased by human emissions - makes it the most relevant actor here: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases

So, we're keeping more solar energy within earth's atmosphere. We can use that energy as solar energy, or as wind energy, or whatever we like, but as long as it is solar energy, the energy budget within earth's atmosphere won't change. We either have to reflect it back to space, or we'll suffer the same consequences as not using it as renewable energy².

That's it. This is just a collection of facts which are really obvious, but from my experience few people really consider in their threat model. I think not one fact I just posted is false, but I would really welcome to be educated where I am wrong.

¹ Energy generated on earth compared to energy received from the sun is almost negligible: the energy generated on Earth is roughly 0.0000000000054% of the energy received from the Sun (3.8 x 10^26 watts, compared to a ballpark around 10^15 watts of fossil + nuclear fuels combined).

² This is probably obvious, but by reducing greenhouse gases in absolute terms, we reduce the albedo of earth, which in turn means reflecting more energy into space. Right now, we're just focusing on reducing the 2nd derivative of greenhouse gas emissions. In 2023, we do nothing at all in terms of actively increasing the albedo, that is, reflecting energy back into space.
But there's nothing ambiguous about "is comprised of", so what's the problem?
Your example doesn't map, though. There is no ambiguity when I say "curry is comprised of beans and carrots". It's just a way of using the word that some native speakers have used their whole lives and other native speakers find jarring.
> Until perhaps 10 years ago, drum brakes were standard as the rear brakes of almost every car.

You need to go back more than that. In the 80s nearly every car had rear drum brakes, that phased out in the early 90s or so. Only the very cheapest cars had drums past that timeframe.

> They lasted pretty much the lifetime of the car.

Having owned a few drum braked cars (including all four wheel drums), not really. You still need to change them as they wear out, it's just a lot more work than disk brake pads which can be swapped out in a few minutes.

The rear brakes do a lot less work than the fronts, particularly on smaller lightweight cars (the kind that still had rear drums in the 90s) so in that sense yes, those rear drums lasted a good while (but certainly not the life of the car).

If you put front drum brakes on a fast & heavy car, you'll be wearing them out pretty quick.
Exactly.

I attended a public meeting of lawyers on the revision of the Uniform Commercial Code to make it easier for companies to ship bad software without getting sued by users. When I objected to some of the mischaracterizations about quality and testing that were being bandied around, the lawyer in charge said "well that doesn't matter, because a testing expert would never be allowed to sit on a jury in a software quality case."

I was, of course, pissed off about that. But he was right. Laws about software are going to be made and administered by people who don't know much about software. I was trying to talk to lawyers who represent companies, but that was the wrong group. I needed to talk to lawmakers, themselves, and lawyers who represent users.

Nothing about corporations governs them except the rule of law. The people within them are complicit, reluctantly or not.
Yes, its $0.03/1K for prompt and $0.06/1K for response, which is $0.6/20K for prompt, $1.2/20K for response.
Disagee. GPT is a senior and knows it all but doesn't know where to start unless you precisely instruct them what to do.
> Despite what you may believe, being stoned is not a type of brain damage.

Schizophrenia and psychosis in general is not "getting stoned". That outcome strongly indicates neurotoxicity.

Apologies for the harsh confrontational tone in my previous comments.

Here's a point I was trying to make earlier:

The statement: "Led Zeppelin is better than the Beatles" is subjective because it expresses an opinion that is open to interpretation.

The statement: "I have a preference for Led Zeppelin versus the Beatles" is objective, because it is a statement of fact about your personal experience, and is not subject to interpretation or debate. It also doesn't require "data" or cited research.
Except it's not bad usage. Even Merriam-Webster approves, it's the second definition listed, and an additional usage note validating it:

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/comprise
I did the same. My mortgage rate is low, but putting in £20k just reduced my monthly payment from £910 to £720. I see the benefit straight away on the next payment. I would put in another £20k but I would be charged a fee so I’ll wait until next year.

It will allow me to pay more into my pension and claim 20% higher rate tax relief back on that too.
The raw chat log has the system message on top, plus "user:" and "assistant:" for each message, and im_start/im_end tokens to separate messages, hence why the visible chat context is slightly under 4k.
It's such a shame he died so young.
I don’t think anyone thinks this person is genuinely evil. I sense people are reacting against what they perceive as a busybody who has a disturbing compulsion to control something that isn’t even an issue.

Even though this person is a lone wolf, their actions feel disturbingly authoritarian. This level of compulsion and control is immensely off-putting to the average person. Anyone who puts this much effort into controlling information seems like someone worth confronting.
For example, Debian putting their foot down on closed drivers and (for a long time) downloadable device firmware blobs.

I've also seen Debian very responsive when I pointed out that a particular package was phoning home before consent given.

And one of the notable annoying parts of the Debian installer forever is when you think it's started a long unattended period of installing packages, but it soon pauses to ask you for opt-in to some package usage telemetry (so at least they're asking before doing it).

I definitely get the understaffed vibe from Debian, but I'm also still pleasantly surprised how well they execute in general.

Contrast with a certain commercial derivative -- which snoops, installs closed software without the user understanding that's that they're doing, pushes an IMHO horrible different package manager, is sloppier about regressions in security updates, etc.

I wish I had time to volunteer right now to scratch some of the itches I have with Debian, and very much appreciate all the work that others have done and are doing on it.
You’d think that one of of the multi billionaires with rocket companies would attempt to save it. Would be great PR.
Fixing "it's" to "its" transparently in many cases is one thing. More significant changes to what someone presumably meant deserves a [SIC]. Something that's not wrong but isn't your stylistic preference? No way.
As a native English speaker let me assure you this user has done nothing for the understandability or consistency of the text.
As far as I know it's not documented anywhere and there is no way to ask the team at ChatGPT questions. I sent them an email about it a few days after GPT-4 release and still haven't received a reply.

Another thing that annoys me is how most updates don't get a changelog entry. For whatever reason, they keep little secrets like that.
Firstly because it makes me laugh, but also it's because it's actually gatekeeping other people's language that is excluding and antisocial. I firmly believe that we ought to accept the language that others use when the speakers intention is clear, even if they "don't speak good". The uneducated don't deserve scorn by default just because nobody rapped them across the knuckles when they used "coz" instead of "because". And that's ignoring even that many of these grammatically incorrect but often used phrases come from minority groups and shitting on people for using them is actually a subtle avenue for (probably unintended) racism.
> We should then boost the perigee up to at least 1,000km.

This would expose the occupants to significantly more radiation, would it not? The Van Allen belts start at ~650 km, varying with latitude and solar weather.
> Globally unique usernames just aren't relevant.

And if some users think they are relevant, let it be an optional additional name for premium users.
Check out the browser extension Yomichan. It does something very similar.
It makes sense in a way. If you preannounce the scales, people will (theoretically) only practice those. If you have the same for everyone and don’t preannounce, the scales will leak during the day and the later students will have extra practice/memorization time.
Mailbox.org discovers unencrypted password transmission in myMail
ReefDB: A lightweight SQL database in Rust
I'm excited to share my recent Rust project: ReefDB, a lightweight, in-memory and on-disk database management system with basic SQL query capabilities and full-text search. I built it to improve my Rust skills and provide a learning resource for those interested in database systems.

ReefDB's commit history offers insights into the development process and the incremental steps taken to build a working database system from scratch, making it a valuable learning tool for those diving into the world of databases.

*Features:*

- In-Memory or On-Disk storage options
- Basic SQL statements (CREATE TABLE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE)
- INNER JOIN support
- Full-Text Search using an Inverted Index
- Custom data types (INTEGER, TEXT, FTS_TEXT)

*Future Improvements:*

- Support for more SQL statements, indexing and query optimization, transactions, user-defined functions, and much more
- Improved error handling, full-text search capabilities, authentication mechanisms
- Distributed database management, command-line interface, better documentation, and performance benchmarks

ReefDB is licensed under MIT, and I welcome any feedback, forks, improvements, or pull requests from the community.

If you like ReefDB, please give it a star on GitHub: [ReefDB](https://github.com/sachaarbonel/reefdb)

Thank you for your attention, and I hope you have as much fun with ReefDB as I did building it and learning from its development process!
This is a very good point. You must support AOT compilation if you are going to have a general purpose system. This was clear when Julia came out and I interacted with core developers communicating our experience with creating SciPy and the critical reliance on the AOT features of Fortran/C/C++ as well as the bindings to Python. I believe simpler spellings can be achieved (i.e. more unification between scripting, dynamic JIT, and foundational AOT use-case), but the ecosystem is not close to a one-language to rule them all scenario.
ITT: I have no idea how government works, but I can sound more cynical than you can when I make it up.
> Hell they can even discharge into peak times and can thus be a net positive for grid stability.

Batteries are the most expensive component of the car and won't get me as far as gas when they're at 100% capacity. If I were to buy an EV I would never allow discharging the battery back into the grid without hefty compensation, and probably not even then. I really don't want you putting cycles in my battery, I have battery anxiety from all my other devices already.

Not an EV hater, I covet the Teslas but I'm not willing to pay the premium and charging is impractical in parts of TX that I visit family in.
They copy each other (and frankly, so do we). This style is their common idea of “professional image”. Since many companies have siloed off marketing, they have no real understanding of what’s going on in the rest of the company. At least, that’s how I see it.
I think the closest thing would be one of the Sony alpha series DSLRs with a very wide angle lens, then possibly a HDMI to Ethernet device.
Ahh yes. Only the rich want to defund the police and legalize drugs.

This seems more like nonsense than worthwhile information to discuss.

edit To be clear, I am not criticizing _you_, the poster, but the content you pasted.
and now you may learn from them multiple times a day, not in person, but over the internet
One billion dollars is only 1/43rd of a Twitter. That sounds like a pretty good deal to me.
My sources for physics? Do you want me to link to some textbooks or something? Learn some stuff is the best I can do for you just now, I think.

Edit: oh wait, Khan Academy has some physics courses I believe; you could probably do that.
With lots of these you can just plug the URL into a site like archive.is

Here ya go: https://archive.is/iRdVU
We use dbt at work. The entire analytics lineage (not the data) is laid bare for all to see. There is no analytics done outside of dbt. If PII were to enter into the lineage accidentally, it's easy to spot and remove. You also get to know which downstream models have used this PII.
The generation currently in charge thinks psychology is a dirty word. And even if they would do us all a favor and get some help, they probably wouldn’t use an app to get it.

By the time millennials and gen z are running the place, we’ll have moved on to misunderstanding AI or something like that.
There are basically 3 patterns of finger movement for piano scales with ~2 special cases that don't fit into any of them. I'm guessing that most of them were training to be music teachers on some instrument other than piano, and had to take an Intro to Piano course to get their degree.
Ok, twenty years may seem like a long time. But this, to me, is an example of why it is really hard to push through inventions in large companies. Management doesn’t think like investors do. And even when you talk to investors, you often have to talk to a lot of them to get some traction.

How would you run R&D and new business in a large company?

Facebook has spent $10 billion on Metaberse. I think running an internal accelerator, just like Y-Combinator, with internal startups (with their own budget, own teams etc, just like any startup) would have a bigger chance at getting a good result than what they did.
Oh I think you're talking to two different people here, sorry. I never mentioned orwell.
>It's hard to move away from established UI patterns like a hamburger menu

>when the did anyone start expecting a hamburger menu? all these old websites i used to poke clearly labeled buttons on all of a sudden have three lines one year. its like all these web3 node js assholes took over the planet within an 18 month cycle and brainwashed everyone.

That's why it's really not established, nobody really wanted a hamburger to begin with when websites used to be able to afford to serve steak.

The appearance of such a non-satisfying menu item has always lacked the flavor that attracts patrons the most.
> I remember SCaNN. Are there easy to use implementations available now?

Yes, on gcp in vertex AI.

GPT4 is talking utter horseshit.

https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/docs/matching-engine/ann-...
"Developer who needs precise instructions to accomplish every task" is the exact opposite of a senior developer
Probably came too early.
Since COVID she's been much more pro-CCP. It's unclear how much of this is because of the true fact that she was genuinely very, very upset with how much of the western world handled COVID, and believed heavily in the CCP's zero-COVID policy (as a moral position). Versus how much is whether the CCP started pressuring/threatening her after the Vice news stories reached their desks and they realized she was the most-followed Chinese influencer on the internet.

I imagine that the way Vice treated her may have encouraged her to rethink any previous lionization of Western culture. But also anyone working in electronics and embedded systems sees a growing divide where all the real work is happening in Shenzhen and Taiwan -- and if you're not there and dont read/write chinese, it's really hard to push boundaries. So, living and breathing the space of embedded electronics can also lead to an idea that China/Taiwan is infinitely far ahead of the West.
Native, high-level speaker here: "comprised of" is not wrong. You're entitled to your tastes of course, but you'll have a richer understanding of the world if you include the shades in your model.
That’s hogwash, swapping 100% of new cars to EV’s represents roughly a 1% increase in electricity demand per year. We can quibble about how flexible the grid is, but historically demand has increased much faster than that in several periods.

As a sanity check. Cars last ~25 years on average. So 100% new EV’s represent roughly a 4% changeover per year. Average load per EV works out to roughly 450 watts, because they use a lot of power when their on but most people aren’t driving that long per day.

Actual use depends on various factors like charging efficiency etc but roughly 15,000 miles at 4 kWh / mile is only 3,750 kWh per year + charging inefficiency call it 4,000 kWh [per EV] * 282 million [cars] * 0.04 [% new cars per year] = 45 TWh per year vs ~4,000 TWh of total US electricity demand. (Edit: fixed units.)

By comparison demand increased by roughly 100TWh/year from 1985 to 1990. Demand only really leveled out between 2010 and now. https://www.statista.com/statistics/201794/us-electricity-co...
And yet if non-government-level American society wasn't so constantly self-focused at the expense of others, the state would be far less needed!

Are other countries as dysfunctional in terms of voting themselves policies that aren't consistent with our internal behaviors? E.g. "someone" should do something about homelessness but I don't want to see it?
A city of 250k people could have awesome public transit if it wanted to.
> More significant changes to what someone presumably meant deserves a [SIC].

“[sic]”, which is always lowercase, indicates something the current author views as (probably) erroneous or otherwise improper that is left unchanged in the quoted text, to emphasize that the author isn’t endorsing the usage/construction so marked. It doesn’t mark a change.
Going from the context of the original post, it's quite obvious that He bought (car) bumpers from a junk-yard that also sold high-quality food. Which, to me, sounds like a viable and wealth-generating business model.
How did the hardware stores store the fuel, how many time a day did they get delivery, what were the distribution networks? Those questions didn’t get answered overnight, yet the car industry didn’t wait until all of the components were in place. It will be the same with EVs
Warning, this will steal 15+ hours of your life, and it's not even fun.
> before corporations (and governments) cause irreversible negative societal disruption

I think the cat's out of the bag. These tools have already been democratized (e.g. llama) and any legislation will be as futile as trying to ban movie piracy.
No corporation controls AI

AI is open

AI is the new Linux

And it’s people in control, not corporations
Updated with normal homepage scroll. Thanks for all the feedback! Cheers
You should be able to offset a fair few costs against that income.
If "something truly salacious will turn up", I would bet the source politician will deny it and would want the whole thing to be forgotten as quickly as possible, not to work on a bill against it to pass it bipartisan, because he was an embarrassment case of a leak.

Source: observing last 25 years of US politics.
This is the climax of 3D graphics rendering!!
"A fund consisting of 38 stocks chosen by ChatGPT has risen 4.93% in the first 8 weeks since it was created by Finder on 6 March 2023."
I stopped reading after that. It's hardly amazing news. I can get a bank account that pays 7 percent (I'm in UK).
Montana has 500k people or so.

Start solving this for the places with 10+ million people and change rural areas last, if needed (most likely you won't need to change anything).
What kind of axe are you grinding? That's totally not what the highlights are about, and it's obvious from reading through them.
Well, eventually, yes. Personally it's hard to see parents around me trying to do their best for their children (gadgets, comfort, road trips, holidays) and inadvertently make their life difficult in the future. I try to gently point them to articles like this, however denial is strong, even among cultured people.
As an advanced amateur pianist, F major and C major are my least favorite scales. F major has the awkward B flat and C major has no good reference by feel for where you are on the keyboard.

Personally, 3 sharps/flats are the easiest scales for me. A lot of people like B and C# because you have 5 and 7 sharps that make it really easy to find the notes (F# is marginally harder...).
California total taxes on a $100k income is 28% --- https://smartasset.com/taxes/california-tax-calculator#a3rz8...

UK it's 24% -- https://listentotaxman.com/?ingr=79000
Going a step further, this person should know that those are weasel words and are very much frowned upon. [citation needed]?
You can even get away with 16 bit fixed point math, like what Imagemagick does.
The irony of course being that regardless of whether or not one believes in the principle of finite resources and/or carrying capacity, the expression and apparently wide-spread holding of such views is an immensely strong argument against individual choice in such matters, and for some collective mechanism of restraint. Not necessarily coercive, which has proved both unpopular and controversial, but perhaps based on nudges, norms, and opportunities for alternatives which don't inherently penalise cooperators and reward defectors, as illustrated here.
You are right. Such concepts are truly abstract, such for illustrations are hard to make. The matches may not be perfect, but examples in this case come to mind:

[0]braintruffle - took the concept of computer fluid simulation as main topic over detailing specific implementation, few videos a year.

[1]Reducible - His explanation of GJK algo, even after reading papers on it, made me appreciate it.

Both utilise extensive animation skills, mastering meaning of video.

[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXs_vkc8hpY

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ajv46BSqcK4
> we’re pushing 50K miles on the EV’s original brakes and replacing / servicing them isn’t on our radar

50k is nothing, ICE cars often go longer than that without new brake pads. Had my ICE sedan for five years with no sign of brake squeaks yet. Never thought about brakes when I lived on a huge hill either.
The real "be yourself" advice means "be true to yourself."

Do be real about who you are and what you care about (innate to you), don't be rude and poorly prepared (not innate to you).
This is from a year ago.

Here's a website that lets you compare over-the-counter hearing aids:

https://www.soundly.com/shop
How can you scan your firmware on linux, without running an unknown payload, to know if you're affected?

How can you test the leaked key say to edit your bios, resign it, then reflash it?
Since we're setting up a database, has anyone seen a project to store stdout/stderr in tables too?

Seems more useful in the GPT age, when it could provide an opportunity for conversations about the whole task you worked on. (As well as finding commands based on their output.)