skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yes and no, CBDCs can still lead to debt driven economies. If they 'print'/'mint'/'whatever' only X 'coins' they never give them away. They 'lend' them and the chain of lending means that, in aggregate, X+Y coins are due to be repaid (Y being total debt obligations).

If gov/fed then don't print Y additional coins it leads to a crunch. Not only has the borrower to pay back the capital with interest (obviously) but that additional money has to exist for them to be able to do so.

When money supply is tightened, there's just less money in existence. In theory the value of the money should go up (I guess that's why people expect inflation to then go down).

But it doesn't change the fact that if you're on the hook to pay back money when the 'physical' or 'virtual' supply doesn't exist you are pretty screwed.
This was awesome, thank you for linking.
> What I don't like bout Google doing this is that the big providers use this to tether and lock you in to their platform.

This is the concern, but exporting passkeys to other ecosystems seems like it'll come with time, even if via third-party tools or like how browsers will prompt you to "import your <passwords|passkeys>" upon setup.
Why it gave me a chuckle too? Not everyone is an expert on everything here.
> But they don't.

What are you talking about? The only browser on iOS is safari, the only app store is the Apple app store. They prevent you from collecting any sort of payment without passing through their 30% fee "because we can". How is that any better?
Am I going crazy or were many of these exact comments posted the last time this was linked?
It's good to hear this perspective, thanks for sharing it.

One difference is that there is no controversy over whether foster children exist. And, as you say, they used neutral pictures of kids with neutral expressions -- what if they had instead used (staged) photos of kids in distress, to get more sympathy? (And still, nobody denies that foster kids in distress exist, but this already seems questionable, right?)

The things Amnesty highlights, some people want to challenge the fact that they happened, that they even exist, or happened like Amnesty said, or were as bad as Amnesty said. Credibility as being honest and accurate in reporting on what happened is pretty crucial to Amnesty's ability to succeed at it's goals.

But perhaps the Amnesty staffers were thinking about it like you, and that it was the same. I don't think it is, at all.

Certainly they have no obligation to put people at risk by including pictures in which people can be identified. There are many options that are not using manufactured pictures, including pictures without visible faces or obscuring faces. Using real-looking but manufactured/staged pictures is a really bad choice. Even if it would get more attention or dollars or support than other choices, the consequences are disastrous for Amnesty's credibility at exposing things that some forces want to say didn't happen or weren't as bad as Amnesty says.
> > Every file starts with declaring thirty language extensions.

> This has never been true, all extensions can be declared default global to a compilation group

Yup, or nowadays you can just use "GHC2021" and be happy.
Nichelle Nichols
How about the events mentioned in TFA, where the government covered up the extent of the radiation leak from the fire in the nuclear plant of unsafe design operated despite repeated accidents, which would have resulted in catastrophic release of uranium dust if not for the individual decision by the the project lead to build filters into the chimneys despite ridicule from the rest of the team?
> This story is not incompatible with a more-basic one where inflation debases the currency, so when a company starts exploring price hikes for whatever reason they unsurprisingly realize greater profits (since they were implicitly lowering the price by selling for the same quantity of a less-valuable currency). Imagine that Pepsi was selling for ETH in 2021, then "discovers" after the price of ETH halves in 2022 that they can get away with hiking the price - in this case the price hikes are the consequence of the currency devaluation, not the cause.

Then they can increase prices two, three or four times and because they have inflation as excuse no one will say a bad word against them. On top of that they hold their suppliers by the throat so they will be able to keep surplus of money in their pocket. Hence astronomical revenue they have during "inflation".
Long-Term Sustainability for America’s White Oak
> I don’t think I’ve seen Apple have a QR scanning code option for passcodes but it’s possible that’s just integrated into normal QR in-camera.

Exactly — I just did this, and it's that simple.
So it’s like a desktop with a hinge. I recently moved to a MacBook after being a win/Linux user my whole life and the thing I love the most is the feeling that if I close the lid, all is going to be ok and I can immediately open it back up and it won’t freak out or I won’t find it’s still working on sleeping.

Being at an airport and closing it, putting it in the bag, boarding, resuming work. Or relocating at home from table to desk to couch, things you do with a laptop cost you battery and heat with a framework?
I think it means "Don't use an Intel AX201 Wifi Card because that needs an Intel CPU" without mentioning Intel.
> Then they should have presented the case that way

That's exactly what they did.

> assuming there is no way to do that in C++

You are extrapolating things that are nowhere to be found in the article.
You're wrong, there are bigger piles of junk that Microsoft has released.
How do you handle delegation in this case? Let's say I want to delegate access to my account to a partner/friend/employee on a service that doesn't support multiple users per account, charges extra for it or outright doesn't want me to delegate access to someone else (so it's not always possible to rely on the website's cooperation).

Currently I can just message them the password or even write it down on a post-it note and they'll have everything they need to complete the task as me. How does it work with passkeys? Does the spec allow my passkey HSM to securely share the secret by encrypting it against the recipient's passkey HSM? Can it use the concept of leaf certificates to sign a short-lived certificate allowing access to that credential without sharing the credential's secret itself?

I can't advocate for passkeys until the concerns above are resolved. The push for passkeys seems like yet another attempt to remove control from the user.
What about PCEye by Tobii Dynavox? Expensive, but to be expected.

https://us.tobiidynavox.com/pages/pceye
Weaker? The UX for signing in on a new device seems better. Maybe that's the same thing as weaker. I'm not seeing any reason in all of this to switch from a password manager though.
Many laptops these days only implement s2idle and no proper s3 support which is the main culprit. My lenovo only does a day (at best) in s2idle under linux (windows is worse), when I switched it to s3 it does about 4 days as expected for the amd cpu. Fortunately this has a switch in the bios (which says windows won't work afterwards which is cow manure). You get the added benefit that windows can't phone home when you close the lid.
If you are such an organization and want to force people to use Edge, you don't install other browsers and make Edge the default, instead of doctoring with every app that can contain links for it to use Edge.
You can specify a hash for your CDN hosted dependencies so they aren't changed unexpectedly: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Security/Subres...

There's zero reason not to trust a CDN if you're using integrity checks. It's just a host on the internet sending you bits.
Consciousness is about experience. Intelligence is about capability. Dogs are conscious, but can't add two digit numbers. ChatGPT is not conscious (almost certainly, although we don't really understand consciousness well enough to prove this), but can add two digit numbers.
Whatever an alternative would be, it should be decentralized.
I feel like I've seen this happen on HN as well. I assumed I was going crazy but I'm glad to hear somebody else has seen this too.
Figure what out? I'm saying people with that kind of money have private bankers*, and don't need to spend the time making 40 different accounts and managing that because their money is already protected through a sleight of financial trickery called cash sweeping.

If you like seeing the inside of bank branches, and having unnecessary zoom meetings where the background is a picture of the inside of a bank branch, that's entirely up to you.

* eg https://www.chase.com/personal/checking/private-client
Thanks so much for sharing this, deeply impactful.
I do the opposite, I figure out the math to describe a problem, then write the program to do it.
I’d personally like the choice to be enforced by the OS. I’m sick of Google’s popup for opening links in gmail. It confuses my partner into thinking she has the link open in her regular safari, but the option to actually do that is the only one with no icon. On top of that they’re really trying to railroad people into using chrome, and she’s accidentally hit that option a few times. I wish the justice department would treat that as anti-competitive.
the only thing that i don't like about login with passkeys is that i need to turn on the bluetooth.
No reason they can’t still spend time on issue #101
Amnesty International is primarily an advertisement and donation collection business. Most of your donations go straight into advertisements and collecting more donations. Collectors aren't volunteers but hired professional collection agencies/con-artists trained to guilt people out of their money.

AI using AI for misrepresentations fits my very low opinion of them.
It has been commercialised? What are EDF and Westinghouse? Even Rolls-Royce is touting the small modular reactor beloved of HN. The problem is that the UK government contracting out to privateish nuclear (state-owned EDF and China General Nuclear Power Group) still hasn't reduced costs.

No, the cost advantage of SpaceX is that they're allowed to fail. This cannot apply to the nuclear industry.
Gang violence and unavailability of public services. To relax, I play games, watch movies, and read books. I take special solace in chatting with my SO.

I'm reading more philosophy now to reframe how I think about stuff (stoicism).
If you rapidly cool the drink, you're definitely right - energy would flow PCM -> drink. Otherwise, it's semantic if GP is correct. There would be dynamic equilibrium, i.e. flow of thermal energy in both directions, but no true flow from PCM->drink.

The steps would be:

1) Drink > 140, PCM solid

2) energy flows drink -> PCM, drink cools toward 140, PCM liquifies gradually

Then two possibilities:

3a) drink cools to 140-epsilon before PCM liquifies fully

4a) PCM gives energy to drink in dynamic equilibrium, while also losing energy to environment, solidifying

5a) PCM is entirely solid at 140

6a) PCM drops below 140. drink gives energy to PCM and PCM to environment. drink -> PCM thermal conductivity is presumably much higher than PCM -> env, so drink and PCM remain at same temp

OR

3b) PCM liquifies fully before drink hits 140-epsilon

4b) drink and PCM stay at thermal equilibrium (see 6a) while cooling toward 140. energy flows drink -> PCM and PCM -> environment. The former is faster, so the PCM continues liquifying

5b) PCM is entirely liquid at 140. Due to thermal equilibrium, drink is also at 140.

6b) drink stays at 140 while PCM solidifies

7b) see 5a

8b) see 6a
Does anyone? Things like intelligence, consciousness, alignment etc are open research areas with a lot of noise but barely even agreement on the basics.
Who would be the attendants at your dream summit on AI safety?

Public policy needs to involve decisionmakers. You can't just hand society to the engineers. Imagine your boss and hierarchy being empowered to decide for everyone.
The problem in your story is a non technical boss making time estimates/demands. If that's gonna happen, the developers shouldn't bother with estimates at all because no one is listening. They can just go on missing the boss's fantasyland deadlines and save themselves the trouble.

If the boss wants to know how long things will take, they have to ask the engineering teams. And the most accurate way for an engineering team to answer is with a track record of abstracted unit estimations and how long they took, to predict how long the abstracted unit estimation in question will take.

And when the PHB says "make it two", the engineers can only reply "ok, tell us what features or standards to cut." No different than wiring a house: we can finish faster if you choose some rooms to skip, or some safety standards to skip. But those are the boss's decisions, not the engineers.

BTW I agree with the responder who says quit from those environments ASAP. I don't know how engineers can overcome a dysfunctional business lead like that... and that kind of business lead is often an expert at making sure the repercussions land on someone else. Case in point, by asking you to finish faster he is tacitly asking you to skip capabilities or safety checks... and that way you're responsible for the fallout.
Meat Freshness Prediction
It's not open source.
Dark mode is already there, but it follows the system settings, no manual toggle.
I find this to be a regression in terms of usability and security as well.

On top of what you mentioned, it also fails really hard when someone has access to you and your trusted device (which will be the smartphone in most cases). It's already an issue allowing easy access to smartphone content, it will extend it to any account using that method of authentication.
For an end-user, reliability and ease-of-use trump security. Passkeys are imperfect in the wrong places imho.
I've been waiting for this machine for so long, excited to see the actual CPU unveil. I may be out of date, but is the issue with not entering sleep mode properly resolved? That's a huge issue to me.

Aside from Framework, does anyone suggest any other existing laptops that keep a fairly slim design while also offering lots of user repairability? I've had an okay experience with my Thinkpad X1 Carbon Gen 3, but she's getting old, especially now that everything depends on video transcoding that it doesn't support at the hardware level.
>There are lots of concepts that are based in math but can be reasoned about non-mathematically.

Can you be more specific? I literally don't know what you mean. What can you say about quantum mechanics that is not mathematical or logical in nature? Barring metaphysical issues of interpretation, which I assume is not what you mean.
In mixed group chats with iPhone and Android, it is not that rare of an occurrence to have issues with texts not going through / being delayed. I also can't emote without a wall of text showing up, or edit messages after sending.

None of those are issues if everyone is blue.
Any tips for converting fractions to decimal, when the denominator is 13 or 15 or 17? eg 4/13, or 5/17

I can remember the pattern for most other denominators, like 3, 5, 7, 9, 11.
Glad to see proposed solution as a protocol standard.
This is JS. Dependency hell is par for the course.
But it's a tool that requires you to already know what you're doing, which I think cuts in to a lot of the techno-mystical powers that have been attributed to it.
I like this a case study of modern machine vision applied to a run-of-the-mill commercial problem which is interesting to people who solve run-of-the-mill problems with A.I.
I am starting to think the monopolistic behavior like this should get rewarded with jail time for all involved. Perhaps that would change their thinking.
have you read Khalil Gibran’s “The Prophet”? would recommend if you haven’t
Don't be silly, everyone on HN knows that Europe has no industry! /sarcasm

(more seriously, the French nuclear industry has avoided major disasters but at the cost of some expensive repairs as the fleet is aging together. At least they didn't skimp on the repairs.)
IBM received a $20B gov. program sometime around SpaceX paid $10B in tex.
A trick I learned -- I think from Colin Wright -- involves powers of 2.

* Write the powers of 2 up to 2^10 in lex order and pop a decimal point after the first digit of each:
* 1.28
* 1.6
* 2
* 2.56
* 3.2
* 4
* 5.12
* 6.4
* 8

The logs of these are approximately 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, etc.

This is to do with 2^10 being about 10^3; you can do something very similar with powers of 5, but I find those harder to remember.
to be fair to us the aliens calendar is likely impenetrable as well, especially if they did agriculture. The more I learn about ancient societies the more I learn that calendars were really important and really complicated. It was the hobby of many rich people to stare at the sky and figure out how the stars move based on how the temprature feels and the daylight length. This let them calculate better when to plant/harvest crops, which grow based on the seasons. Calculating the exact number of days including fraction in a year is a nightmare before you figure out the mechanics of how orbits work, which is mindblowingly complicated to do just looking at the sky, and if you get it wrong your food production WILL slowly get worse. Many larger societies had whole quasi state/religous orders whose whole function was to keep the calendar working.

Compare for example the mayan calendar. Or the orthodox, or syrian, or basically any culture's calendar. None make sense.
Only where "deposits" are defined as FDIC-insured consumer accounts. Clearly they held other people's money for them, which is pretty close to the economic definition of a bank.
Yes, current anti-abuse law seems more likely to be able to physically intervene even when the abuser is popular and/or powerful. I do not think we should return to the past. However, after a negative event in a relationship (abuse, or your spouse dying, or your child getting sick), people in general were more likely to have more friends and a stronger communal relationship that resulted in mutual aid (emotional and/or material). This isn't gone today, just greatly diminished. As a prototypical example, think of small-town communities centered around a church, where members are able to reliably get both meaningful connection with others (social/emotional needs) and trust each other to help with things like childcare or a church group to go repair someone's house.

It's not that community is completely nonexistent in the modern world, or that we should give up the benefits of modern life to try to recapture it. Just that the average person in the recent past was more likely to have useful & meaningful connections with others that they could depend on in hardship than does (for example) the prototypical modern professional in an atomized big city.
You can create a passkey for your account on their device, e.g. by selecting "Use another device" when creating it, and scanning the QR with their phone (their phone does not need to be signed in to your account).

And if you both use iOS, you can Airdrop a passkey: https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/share-passkeys-passwo...
The Laptop is devoted to hackers, not hipsters.
> Not sure what you mean when you say a statistical model is not a neural net. If we are talking LLMs, they are neural nets.

No, it's an artificial neural network.

The human brain is a complex neural network.
That's good. My next major problem with it is that logging back in is wretched. You often get a link to read something on Mastodon, but where that link is posted is not where you have an account.
It was written to replace an existing functional DSL called "Lambda", and to target Lambda's runtime.
Big companies panicking because they sense they could be totaly distrupted by incredible new technology.
How Beam Analytics uses user level salt rotation to preserve privacy
Hi Jason! I have a few thoughts on this!

Refined training is usually updating the weights of usually what's called a foundational model with well structured and numerous data. It's very expensive and can disrupt the usefulness of having all the generalizations baked in from training data [1].

While LLMs can generate text based on a wide range of inputs, they're not designed to retrieve specific pieces of information in the same way that a database or a search engine would. But I do think they hold a lot of promise in reasoning.

Small corollary: LLMs do not know a head of time what they are generating. Secondly, they use the input from you and itself to drive the next message.

This sets us up for a strategy called in-context learning [1]. We take advantage of the above corollary and prime the model with context to drive the next message. In your case, a query about some specific code base with knowledge about standard docs etc.

Only there is a big problem, context sizes. Damn. 4k tokens?

We can be clever about this but there is still a lot of work and research needed. We can take all that code and standard docs and create embeddings of them [2]. Embeddings are mathematical representations of words or phrases that capture some of their semantic meaning. Basically the state of a trained neural network given inputs.

This will allow us to group similar words and concepts together closer in what is called a vector space. We can then do the same for our query and iterate over each pair finding the top-k or whatever most similar pairs. Many ways to find the most similar pairs but what's nice is cosine similarity search. Basically a fancy dot product of the pairs with a higher score indicating greater similarity. This will allow us to prime our model with the most "relevant" information to deal with the context limit. We can hope that the LLM would reason about the information just right and voila.

So yeah basically create a fancy information retrieval system that picks the most relevant information to give your model to reason about (basically this [3]). That and while also skirting around the context limitations and not overfitting and narrowing the training information that allow them to reason (controversial).

1: "Language Models are Few-Shot Learners" Brown et al. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.14165.pdf

2: Embeddings https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.10005.pdf

3: https://twitter.com/marktenenholtz/status/165156810719298355...
CEOs don’t get paid based on quarterly YOY results.

“Jefferies' 2022 total investment banking revenues, while down 38% from an off-the-charts 2021, represented our second-best year ever and were substantially above 2019 levels”
Ask HN: How can LLMs replace millions of jobs given their computational cost?
It isn't just training that is expensive. Just having lots of people use ChatGPT for example seems to be very computationally expensive.
> I have no idea how or why this is on HN

That's easy! It was submitted, and subsequently upvoted.
Show HN: ProductGPT – Shopify Product Refactoring
This is what I love about passwords. They are tangable and understandable. I would have loved if we could move towards a solution that has the benefits of passkeys (prevents phishing, strong secret, doesn't seen the secret to the server) without ditching the underlying secret being a somewhat human-readable password. It seems that in-browser password-managers get us 99% of the way there. I would have loved to do something like adding a PAKE system to regular passwords rather than a new system built on top of non-human readable keys.

I'm sure we will gain the ability to dump the key to a file or write down onto paper at some point but it seems that we are starting from the wrong end.
Self-awareness and intelligence (in the sense in which AI has any and will likely have more in five years) are not the same thing. My cats have more self awareness than ChatGPT but the latter can do a lot of intellectual tasks that nonhuman animals can't. What's disheartening for me is to see people make confident pronouncements about how other people are being taken in by scifi and hype and there's nothing to worry about even while displaying what seem like basic conceptual confusions.