skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Have you thought about using type aliases or higher order types of some sort for that instead of relying on the variable name?

I could define that a familyname and a givenname are strings, and then a function argument of type familyname would be differentiated from a function argument of type givenname, but still the argument names themselves could be dropped from the hash.
Programmer’s Utilities Guide for the CP/M Family of Operating Systems
I would also note that they may have mixed different varieties of grapes, used different materials for containers, mixed water and anything else they felt like mixing in with it, and stored their wine in different conditions than are common today. It probably wasn't very well strained either, compared to today's wine.

If you look at "natural wines" available now you'll see they are all kinds of colors. If you look at the sea in different circumstances it will be different colors.

I suspect the reason this becomes a problem for modern readers is that we became used to drinking unadulterated wines from crystal clear glasses. My guess is that to an ancient Greek, the color of wine was less a fixed point and more of a spectrum.
Do I have to keep tabs on the CEO of every company I interact with? Come on, that’s ridiculous.
I'd rather have good digital than analogue. The aftermarket head unit in my car has an encoder that responds instantly, and accurately. So I can either click it once for a small change or turn it quickly more for a big change.

I'd much rather that than an analogue potentiometer that is guaranteed to be scratchy in a couple of years. Also you won't get steering wheel controls to work with a true analogue knob.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27126258
This will protect no jobs and it’s also not how Europeans protect jobs. If it was about protecting jobs it would have been something like requiring companies to use licensed for AI data sources if they are replacing an employee.
The Big Idea · Unison
I thought this would use macOS' native API for text extraction which is leaps better for text in the wild than tesseract which is what this tool uses.
The Global Benefits of Reducing Food Loss and Waste
>Yeah, our Boston office in the Seaport is great for the (mostly younger) employees who live in the city and can walk or take public transit. And, for our customers coming in for a day or two meeting--which is the main reason we have an office there. For everyone else, our office in the suburbs is much handier

It seems to me that Sun got this right two decades ago, when it used its Java Card technology to set up mini offices around the Bay area, at any of which employees could log in and get their personal desktop. <https://www.alamy.com/telecommute14-062-suzukijpg-david-whit...> I wonder if Oracle continued this?
Wow it is. The maps are fast to load too. (as is anything you do in brave search, where as google maps is so slow, and a pain to view search results on too)

I hope Brave releases a dedicated maps tab soon. (I realise it's just openstreetmaps, but it's a clean and easy to use version)
This might help: https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/plot-vega-lite

More generally, our motivations are here: https://observablehq.com/plot/why-plot
As an aside I am so grateful for people like Casey Muratori (whose article is referenced in that blog).

Their rants about speed and performance is so needed in this world where a chat app like Slack literally gets the fans spinning.

There are few of them remaining but they shine brightly in an otherwise messy and slow land.

Recently I had to touch a nuxt js project and my experience with it was so janky. The hot module replacement sometimes works, sometimes doesn't and basically it is worse than having to refresh manually every single time.
The problem is that AI doesn't really "reference" data. When you "train" an AI on some data, you're adjusting billions of model parameters to make them closer to the desired output. Except you're also doing that on billions of pieces of other data, many times over, and every bit of data you train on is stepping on everything else. In order to pay people a share of the 'profits' of AI, you need a clear value chain from licensed training data to each output, through the magical linear algebra data blender that is gradient descent. Nobody knows if your training example helped for the same reason why we don't know if an LLM is lying or not.

In lieu of that, you could pay everyone a fixed cut based on presence in the training set, but that then gives you the Spotify problem of a fixed pot being shared millions of different ways. For example, Adobe recently announced they were building an AI drawing tool trained on exclusively licensed sources - specifically, Adobe Stock contributors[0]. They're used to being paid when someone buys their image, which means that they have incentives to produce broadly relevant stock photography. But with a fixed "AI pot" paying you, now you have an incentive to produce as much output as possible as cheaply as possible purely to get a larger part of the pot. This is bad both for the stock photo market[1] AND the AI being trained.

AI is extremely sensitive to bias in the dataset. Normally, when we talk about bias, we think about things like "oh if I type CEO into Midjourney all the output drawings are male"; but it goes a lot deeper. Gradient descent does not know how to recognize duplicate training set features, those features get more chances to adjust the model. Eventually that training example or image is common enough to make memorization 'worth it' in terms of parameters used[2].

Ironically that sort of thing would actually make attribution and profit-sharing 'easier', at the expense of the model being far less capable.

[0] Who, BTW, I don't think actually have the ability to opt-in to this? Like, as far as I'm aware this is being done through the medium of contractual roofies being dropped into stock photographers' drinks.

[1] Expect more duplicates and spam

[2] This is why early Craiyon would give you existing imagery when you asked for specific famous examples and why Stable Diffusion draws the Getty Images watermark on things that look like a stock photo of a newsworthy event.
“ Where you fall is a discussion to be had, because like ALL product requirements, it comes with a cost to develop and maintain.
I don't drive an F1 car to the grocery store. I don't take my minivan to the track”

No. The authors point is that you don’t have to drive an F1 car to the grocery store. All you have to do is stop slashing your tires, dumping sugar in your gas tank and driving a Kia.

The amount of mental gymnastics you people go through to keep your delicate little worldview from crumbling is truly a sight to behold. Thank god we have people like Casey in this world to balance out the bell curve.
Putin has limited resources. He'd rather spend them on his stupid war, and also building other weapons and warships, rather than a giant radio antenna and a team of engineers trying to hack a 45-year-old spacecraft's communications protocol, just to screw with NASA.
If a hotel double booked you and you showed up, the hotel would walk you to a nearby similar hotel all paid for by the hotel. The “walk” process is a standard industry practice.
The company you work for perhaps. If you work for a company. Then it’s up to you. Most people don’t care but some do. You aren’t requested to check every CEO, no one said that.
That really depends where you live, since this thread is about Colorado:

>The 2021 Colorado average farmland real estate value, a measurement of the value >of all land and buildings on farms, was $1,610 per acre. This is an increase of >1.3 percent from 2020 and 2.5 percent from 2019.

So we're talking $3.2mm today and by what the person you replied to said, I'm betting that his family bought that land a very long time ago.

I'm not a farmer by any means, but I just did a quick search for land in Colorado and I'm even seeing ~2,400 acres on sale for $1.7mm today. There's 15,000 acres listed for $2.1mm. I mention not being a farmer because I don't know if those lands are viable for anything.
Don't complain or they'll make it a captcha.

"Please click all the images of bicycles to access volume controls".
> The problem is once there are 10, 20, 30 different-but-similar documents in the vectorstore

Sounds like a de-duping problem. Maybe use vector embeddings to find near identical documents and limit them in the context. i.e. maximize the vector distance between your context sources.
Turbo C -> C++ Builder -> LAMP -> Appengine.

A career in one line.
Oncology is about treating tumors (aka cancer). Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder with a well-known mechanism, a defective channel in the cell membrane.

It's already well established that improving the function of the CFTR or increasing the number of them is effective in mitigating the seriousness of the condition.
You introduced the term sociopath, not me. https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictional_portrayals_of_psychopat...
Thank you for answering in good faith.

> People don't force (potential) romantic partners to do things they don't want to do anymore.

Offering up poetry--that can be accepted or denied (and denied in the case of Anna)--is not "forcing" anyone to do anything. She was uninterested, fine, but that is part of the problem. Why does no one care about literature, poetry, and music that brings us more in touch with ourselves? She had her way--by going back to the bedroom--is that the world we want to live in? Or do we want to go deeper?

> Consent is important not just in sex

There are certain times that someone may not want to do something. For example, I have a friend who did not want to go to therapy, but he eventually went because his girlfriend cared about it. Offering literature, poetry, therapy, etc to another person is not violating their rights, it is trying to show them a world they maybe unfamiliar with and that may benefit them. We cannot end up in a society where if a person immediately does not have a taste for a certain "activity" we concede immediately under the guise of "consent."
I expect we’ll release tooltips in a few weeks; I linked that newer PR in another comment. We’ve been exploring interaction while working on many other things (https://github.com/observablehq/plot/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md). Now that we’re feeling good about the foundation for static charts we are starting to address interaction.
The 10x engineer might also not be building software in a manner that is long lived and easily contributed to by a large team.
What Is an Open-Source License?
17. Carthage – Empire of the Phoenicians – Fall of Civilizations Podcast
> Is the human brain not a biological network of neurons, containing a lot of copyrighted material?

In which file format is the material in the brain stored? How is it compressed? What is the memory model? How is it computed?

We don't know much about how the brain computes actually, so making a claim that the brain maps 1-1 with my mechanical calculator is a stretch.
You are uninformed on the topic. I suggest watching some Stephan Kinsella videos.
Shut up Elon. Your cars suck.
Need a chart library that is easily configurable by an end-user using a GUI. Think they have their data in a spreadsheet and want different types of charts and ability to pick things like color or labels. Does this work? I’ve been looking at recharts or ant-charts recently.
Galaxy interactions are the dominant trigger for local type 2 quasars
> With that information they could actually have used anything.

I mean, at least it excludes "nonpublic data we didn't obtain permission to use". So I guess that's a start? (/s)
What if VAT or some sort of carbon-based border adjustment tax ever got imposed
I went into the weeds of reverse engineering my Minka Aire ceiling fans with a USB RTL-SDR. In my case the manufacturer's remotes worked fine, but I wanted to integrate it in with Home Assistant. If you're interested, you can see what I did: https://www.riveducha.com/decode-wireless-signal-with-usb-tv...

I used a USB RTL-SDR ($15) and a Raspberry Pi to receive and transmit, but I think the Flipper Zero can do it all-in-one.
AI could be used to decide if a source should be included or not (or the benefit to the model could be the qualifier). That would solve your problem of people just peddling spam.

No this is an unsolvable problem.

The future also seems like less about making the model an all knowing oracle but instead making it smart enough to know how to lookup data it needs, so it could end up where licensed data is all that is needed for training.

Lastly, what if you use model A to generate data for model B? Would B be tainted? There have been lots of examples where LLM’s are used to train simpler models by synthesizing training data.
Imagine a future where everyone learns from AI instead of books because it is more convenient, faster etc. You would get the same info, but you would not know who was the expert that you learned from. How would that change society if all authors just disappeared behind a generic AI brand? I don't think it would be especially good, and I think it is completely fair that an answer from ChatGPT should provide sources. It would improve the quality.
We wont.
Tocqueville published Democracy in America in 1835.
Numerous times I’ve booked direct with the hotels and it’s cheaper than or same as 3rd party.
We built Observable’s chart cell on top of Plot (the auto mark).

You can read more about our chart cell here: https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/chart-cell

And Plot.auto here: https://observablehq.com/plot/marks/auto
Accidental complexity is an issue. If your problem is complex you can only have a chance in the battle by using some good abstraction — this is true in both math and CS.
Disagree here. T-Mobile’s advertised price is what I pay. Yes it’s with their “autopay” discount. But they’ve not had hidden fees.
Have to admit I do want an excuse to upgrade my i5 7700k, but still.
> The App Store just has a different set of arbitrary boundaries that seem to be re-drawn every time they receive anticompetitive scrutiny.

Apple introduced the iPad in 2010 with the capability of selling different apps for iPhone and iPad. Back then, they didn’t have a framework for supporting screens of different sizes - which wasn’t introduced until around 2012.

They introduced the AppleTV that could have third party apps in 2015.

This was way before the EU started making up regulation because it can’t produce a viable tech company to save its life.
Chat GPT is a comerical product not research.

I want to know if OpenAI used say GPL or other copyrighted software and then the bastards had the genius idea to put restrictions on the output in their ToS. I want stuff to be fair, if MS/OpenAI can train on GPL then I should also e allowed to train on MS proprietary code or on Disney images and video, it is not fair that big companies can screw the public but the public can't do the same to the big companies. The first step is clearly have the big companies reveal if they used copyrighted stuff.
If there were an alternative that didn't suck, I'd look at it. But 95% of first-party hotel websites suck massively. So what's the option? AirBNB is far worse than booking.com in the moral stakes. I guess picking one of the big hotel chains and going with them might work for some people, but no one chain has good enough coverage IME.
Bigotry is not a legitimate political position, no.
You need to use the Pixel Launcher, if you aren't already. It might also be restricted to English (United States) only as well.

If you're using gesture navigation, swipe up from the pill to about a quarter of the screen to pull up your recent apps list. If using 3-button navigation, press the square button. Then tap the Select button.

https://imgur.com/a/pJFVr4o
Request HN: Reading Material for Long Layover
Hey just waiting at the JFK terminal and my flights been delayed. Any shares or interesting reads?
Everyone here is thinking Europe is going to kill AI in their borders. Honestly it reminds me of how everyone derided EU antitrust as just milking Google for fines, until everyone soured on Google and realized what the EU already knew.

The EU is not anti-AI. In fact, they have stronger protections for AI training than the US does: EU law already has a copyright exception for "text and data mining" (TDM) which covers AI training. The problem is that OpenAI has been incredibly cagey with the way their models get built and trained. This is kind of contrary to the spirit of the TDM exception: it's for scientists to do science with, and OpenAI is being very much not like a scientific organization and more like a commercial enterprise.
You are assuming that AI exists in the same scope. Its like calling airplanes "artificial birds" or AB, and then projecting bird related things to airplane. "AI" is a software model which uses applied statistics to generate data from a larger set of data. We do not know much about how the brain actually computes, and assuming such is just fantasy. It might be the same or it might be different.
As an AI language model I cannot comment on sensitive topics like LLM. Please try posting with an alternative title.
Because of the minimal standard library, the ecosystem is fractured into crates (similar to npm).

Also, rust forces you to actually model the complexity of the real world. I think the best example for this are the various string types. There is one for Interop with C, one for Paths, one that is utf-8 etc. Your code explicitly states what to do with edge cases. Edge cases that existed anyway but are now visible.

Don't get me wrong, I don't dislike Rust. It's an awesome language.
> . f = | x -> y -> x \* y

What do these symbols mean
“|”
“\*”
Not especially probable. What examples exist of a big company abandoning Europe for its legislation? From time to time you hear suggestions about it but I cam't recall it happen. That market is too valuable to leave alone.
Chinchilla scaling laws aren't necessarily used for the tradeoffs of training runs like this one.

Here is the goal of Chinchilla scaling from https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.15556.pdf : "In this work, we revisit the question: Given a fixed FLOPs budget, how should one trade-off model size and the number of training tokens? To answer this question, we model the final pre-training loss L(N, D) as a function of the number of model parameters N, and the number of training tokens, D.
Since the computational budget C is a deterministic function FLOPs(N, D) of the number of seen training tokens and model parameters, we are interested in minimizing L under the constraint FLOPs(N, D) = C."

But this isn't the only interesting optimization. It can also be useful to have small models that are "overtrained" relative to chinchilla optimality. There are practical reasons to prefer smaller models over big models even at some cost of training expense or pre-training loss, but the chinchilla optimization does not account for this at all. For one thing, the smaller models can fit in the memory of a wider class of devices. For another thing, smaller models incur less computational expense at inference time. Yet another reason is that they will probably have less latency.
Put a lone human in one closed, isolated room, and a machine in a different one. You only have a text-chat interface to each of them (as per Turing's original Imitation Game set-up).
Start a conversation by saying hello and asking a random question.
After receiving a satisfactory answer (which you can ignore), simply wait for an hour, 12 hours, 48 hours, 1 month.

I want to ask a similar but simpler question.

» Put a lone human in one closed, isolated room, and another lone human in a different one. You only have a text-chat interface to each of them (as per Turing's original Imitation Game set-up).

Now would people when given the question, which one is a person and which one is a machine be able ignore the question asked and tell they are both humans?
"Fire the workaholics" is true.

Someone that obsessed and unreasonable doesn't care about developer efficiency or the time of others.
Brilliant marketing campaign? I'm pretty sure that Tesla does not advertise. What marketing campaign are you talking about?
So they insufficiently exceeded expectations? Hardly sounds catastrophic.
In one of the earlier threads about this bill, someone said that doing the bill once per type of product is easier because you split your set of opponents up into smaller groups. So just going small bills forever might be better.
Maybe I'm misunderstanding you, but shouldn't this be the GUI toolkit's job, ie choosing what to render as native HTML vs what needs to rendered to canvas?

Can you recommend an alternative to egui that let's you write entirely in Rust and get the performance of egui but still maintain some level of accessibility?
Don't post generic news that has no interest to our focus. There are a million other sites and Reddit.

> On-Topic: Anything that good hackers would find interesting. That includes more than hacking and startups. If you had to reduce it to a sentence, the answer might be: anything that gratifies one's intellectual curiosity.
Can you please stop it with the ideological flamewar? I'm bending over backwards not to ban you, and you keep posting things that are not the curious conversation we're looking for.

If you want to have curious conversation, you're welcome here, along with all of your opinions and views. If you just want to smite enemies, please go do that somewhere else.

We don't need you to tow any ideological line (trust me, we really couldn't care less, besides which I'm all in favor of having well-read communists in the conversation) but we do need you to stop it with the generic flamewar tangents. They're predictable and uninteresting.

Also, you've been crossing into personal attack regularly and that sucks and is not ok. It's also beneath you, or at least I would have thought so.

It would be helpful if you would take to heart that we want HN to be a web forum where people don't make habits of such things.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
I work in the field
This is wonderful, and fast too (because it’s static I guess)! Thanks for building it. I’ll be checking it when I need some inspirational quotes surrounding a word.
should also include e.
> Can you connect them in series instead of parallel, giving you a high voltage and low current?

You can probably do this for a little while, but your total current through the circuit is limited to the photocurrent generated by the lowest performing cell. Otherwise you'd get a charge buildup.

(sorry, I don't have a quora account)

Not sure how you'd handle high voltage DC with most things though, it's only slightly better than using high voltage AC with a commercial inverter.

Generally the current ratings on those wires is given in terms of temperature rise over ambient. The current rating for a wire that is allowed to rise 60C is much more than one only allowed to rise 30C.

As it gets hotter the resistance goes up and the system becomes less efficient, but it's not usually a sharp break. It will get hot, so you'll need to keep an eye on it. That's not so bad to do manually, just be conservative.

If we're talking days, I think you should just use trial and error. Use the inverter to up the voltage, add loads slowly and keep an eye on the voltage on the load side (if it drops a lot you're drawing too much current) and keep an eye on the wire for hot spots (honestly wish I could suggest a way to do this without hazard of touching it, I don't know if you have a thermal camera).
Something does not add up:

"After Musk's takeover, the number jumps to 83 percent (808 requests out of a total of 971)."

A total of 971 requests for a company with a global reach is not exactly something that could be used for a rallying cry. But I digress.
The fact that they said "might have been" means they know they weren't.