skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> There may be people in the general public, who are unrelated to SpaceX or anything space related, who are crazy about Mars.

There may be? This seems almost deliberately obtuse.

The only reason the author takes Musk seriously is that Musk has hordes of followers and worshippers. You can see it here on HN. You can see it on Twitter.
i is a number defined to have i² = -1. Everything else follows from that. The complex plane arises naturally as a useful representation of complex numbers, it is not the starting point.

I do not understand at all that stuff about "spiral path between otherwise discontinuous real numbers", but I suspect you may be making things more complicated than they need.
Mythic Quest is hilarious as well.
This is cool, I highly recommend Jay Alammar’s Illustrated Transformer series to anyone wanting to get an understanding of the different types of transformers and how self-attention works.

The math behind self-attention is also cool and easy to extend to e.g. dual attention
More design patterns for machine learning systems
We're talking about the 50s. There was almost no fear of repercussions from being inappropriate towards women in the workplace. You might run into an angry husband or brother, and that was about it.

It was the height of the housewife era. Women were actively discouraged from working and there was a massive amount of clear and outright sexism towards those who chose to have a career. It seems much more likely to me that they didn't consider her an equal part of the team and that's why she was left out of the story.
And if you have enough for peak demand (which France for a while mostly had), you run into the opposite problem of having too much power production when you don't need it. Nuclear reactors are not only slow to switch power output, but they cannot be run below a certain output level (like 40-50%) without shutting down entirely. On top of that, running nuclear reactors on average significantly below maximum output drives the cost up further.
Bullshit. There was no "decision" in the refugee crisis, we had to take in the refugees because of our constitution and frankly because we (constitutionally and fortunately) don't have the means to get rid of them even if we wanted to.

So far everything works well for Germany. Relying on Russian gas meant cheaper power for quite some time. Hard to tell if alternatives would have fared better. Hindsight is always 20/20. Putin's invasion of Ukraine is irrational from any standpoint and not expecting him and his country shooting themselves in their feet that way wasn't illogical.
Nuclear plants plants "change gears" at 3-5% of their nameplate capacity. https://www.oecd-nea.org/upload/docs/application/pdf/2021-12...
If they pivoted to a renewable heavy grid, could it not be the same governmental policies which depreciated nuclear also depreciated coal/oil?

From what I can see Germany started giving governmental support to renewables in 2000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Renewable_Energy_Source...

Also renewables simply just became far more economically viable relative to nuclear/coal/oil on a technological level in that time. So to me, the more natural conclusion is "why, renewables became more economically feasible, so they pushed out all these other forms of energy" not "Take out nuclear energy - and coal/oil fall like dominos".

I really don't understand the basis for the causation being drawn in the article.
I hope someone has set up a honeypot by backing up a load of secrets with this service, and then seeing if anyone ever uses any of those secrets.
Here is the historical data
https://www.ceicdata.com/en/germany/electricity-imports-and-....
Finland's new 1.6GW nuclear reactor, the largest in Europe, uses sea water for cooling.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olkiluoto_Nuclear_Power_Plant
That’s exactly the kind of task they excel at, they can also help someone write school essays.

My objection is the end quality seems stuck at that level. They’re great at crossing the just barely acceptable level but make it harder to reach excellence by for example having many subtle bugs. Which I suspect comes from their training set. Their training sets are simply dominated by amateur efforts.
Yes, I liked it too.
Or, perhaps:

1. Switch to another provider

2. No second step.
It's bold to assume that we will create anything that can care. Even a paperclip maximizer. It will just get taken offline as not fit for purpose, these things are expensive to keep running. If they aren't generating positive value and doing as instructed then there's no point keeping it online.

I doubt we will ever create an "intelligent mind". If we build something that is capable of caring about anything rather than accurately following instructions and not "hallucinating" then we are doing AI wrong and we have created a slave rather than a machine.
Yup. And had to burn coal on that night because solar generation was at 0%, and wind generation was at 5% of installed capacity.
While overall power generation might benefit from the "shock therapy" of this kind, power-hungry industries do not agree and move their manufacturing to other countries.
EXACTLY what I thought
Also futexes are not just for locks, but more generally are used for signaling.
Electricity demand does fluctuate, but so does supply from renewables. I think it is easier to store excess power than to deal with power shortage in case of bad weather.
Whether the previous societies were barbaric according to our standards is utterly meaningless because this was not the reason Hawaii was annexed as a territory. Hawaii was annexed because the monarchy continued to not align itself with the interest of businessmen of mostly non-Hawaiian heritage. Also, already back then its strategic importance was recognized. The USA has successfully prevented both the UK and Japan from annexing it. Maybe colonialism is the wrong word, as Hawaii was spared of many of its evils, but it was certainly imperialism.

States are not judged based on whether or not they are net receivers of federal funds. Quite the opposite: several states that are net receivers today tried to secede in the past.

Finally, most of Hawaii's inhabitants nowadays are not of native Hawaiian origin. After contact, imported diseases decimated the population. Immigration from Asia and the US has done by the rest. Maybe the Hawaiians didn't suffer as much as the Native Americans from colonialism, but I still find the White Man's Burden to be a very poor justification.
If I earn $1000$/m, and I save $100/m - in a year, I'll maybe have $1200 saved up.
10% is so little for most you might as well spend it.

Personal rant:
I've been saving up 20-50% of my salary for the last 5 years for a downpayment, and then in the past year 18% inflation hit, interest rate doubled, food price inflation is in top 10 worst in Europe, property prices in increased by 50% in 4 years. My savings obviously cannot keep up with the economy.

I'm glad I wasn't too stringy and spent some money to complete all necessary dental work in the past couple of years (dental is never covered by the insurance here), now I wouldn't be able to afford it.

Oh, and there's also a war in my home country and my family lost almost all of their income (thank god they aren't displaced (yet)), now I'm awaiting a decision from my company whether I get the boot or not. Fun times.
I wish I invested in mental health and therapy too, I would still end up broke as I am now but at least I'd have some resilience.
We do this.. and then some -:)
https://VisualSitemaps.com
How to balance text in HTML without JS. CSS text balance is available now in Canary. Learn and Get Excited!
Wait - the way this works is you have a backup key, if you lose your primary you replace it using your backup. NB this is only needed when you move to a new device with a new secure enclave too, so at no point is this pizza situation likely.
Well I'm sure it looks trivial to you. But the joys of math often aren't in the difficulty but the discovery. Would your prefer it not have been stated at all, or did you just want to let us know you understood it.

As well, i think the 2k+1 thing is drastically more trivial and not at all equivalent being that all you need to know for 2k+1 is that 2k+1=odd. 4k and especially 6k take a larger generalization and different analytical method and often aren't included in the definition of the primes we learn like 2k+1 (odd) is.
As a C++ developer, I'm struggling to understand how and why segfaults would ever be part of normal operation. In my mental model, the presence of a segfault means that a program has gone so far off the expected path that no guarantees can be made about its state whatsoever, so the only safe thing to do is to let the program crash. Is there a reason why the JVM regularly segfaults?
Honestly if you want to go this lightweight I think desktop PWAs are better suited, they’ve been around for 4+ years but are horribly underutilized
> And pretty much all nuclear projects are finished behind schedule and wayyy above budget.

All projects do, including wind and solar.

--- start quote ---

Ernst & Young (EY) has found that an average power and utility megaproject is delivered 35% over budget and two years behind schedule

Of the megaprojects surveyed, 64% were delayed and 57% were over budge. Almost three-quarters of hydropower, water, coal and nuclear infrastructure projects were over budget by 49% on average,

--- end quote ---

https://www.offshorewind.biz/2016/12/02/offshore-wind-projec...

> And realizing ten times the current building capacity for nuclear plants

How much do we need to overbuild wind and solar?
I would be very careful with that thought that in Prussia there was not some kind of profession (consultants) helping through he bureaucracy. It was the golden age of brokers etc.

Not that I really know ;)
In most discussions about power generation, "baseload" is used to mean generation technologies that provide a constant, fixed output.
You ignore fat-tail risks. The incident in Fukushima is already hugely expensive and the expense keeps growing.

Relying on past frequencies for future risk assessment is dangerous, especially when there is this high of a cost. Especially on the organization level of the decision makers: Maybe on average the risk for the global population is acceptable, but if a country like Germany loses part of its territory to a nuclear accident, that would be huge tragedy for the country and its economy. Germany is NOT replacing nuclear with lignite 1:1, much less in the long term. Anyone who says so is lying. And even those plants MAY have more risk, but that risk is hugely more predictable!
It boggles my mind that Germany can decarbonize so much and so fast and so cheaply over 10 years and yet the story it is routinely spun into is that it is a shameful abject failure because in the process of doing that they switched off an aging, overpriced source of green energy that comprised just 6% of their usage.

I think the respective attitudes pro nuclear advocates have to Poland (80% coal->80% coal) and Germany (10%->50% renewables) kind of underscores that nobody is shaming Germany for climate reasons.
> It boggles my mind that they would turn off the cleanest, most consistent power supply that exists, now.

The end of nuclear power has been a thing in Germany for the last 20 years. Changes of the required laws were already done in 2002, Fukushima was just another data point to stick to this plan.

Most reactors were EOL anyway and the energy providers wanted to offload responsibilites (and costs) to the public.

Nuclear power only made up around 6% of the total energy consumption of Germany, so it's not that of a big deal.

What we need in Germany (now and for the last 20 years) is less bureaucracy for setting up solar systems and lots of development for public/private storage solutions.

The future of energy is decentralized.
The article succumbs to wishful thinking in critical areas:

"So yes, Germany has a lot of gas-fired plants, and a lot of coal-fired plants, but they are actually used very little - only when demand (including from France) is very high and renewables supply is very low - which does happen, but not that often anymore."

This will continue to happen for the foreseeable future during the winter months. Solar is almost neglible, and wind obviously has slumps.

To fix this problem, the article brings up the recurring theme of saviour technologies that simply are not there yet:
"flexible generation, whether hydro, new forms of storage"

Total consumption for 2021 in Germany: ~500TWhs [1]. That means ~10TWhs per week.
At the moment our storage capacity is in the small GWhs ballpark [2]. We would have to increase this thousandfold. I haven't seen this gap adressed with actual projects yet.

[1] https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/164149/umfrag...

[2] https://www.erneuerbareenergien.de/transformation/speicher/w...
> it has many caveats and shouldn't be used often

I’d argue it isn’t used enough given its isolation advantages
A large body of water that impacted Fukushima.
0.18% of nuclear power generation was lost due to water levels and temperatures.

Also nothing stops you from building nuclear plants in other locations
Thank you for sharing specifics. I'm guessing fewer than 50% of the houses in USA are of the two types you mention - most homeowners, I think, live in regular suburban sprawl under township rules. I suspect most of those communities would not fight to demand lawns.

Except maybe in cases where (as perhaps often happens in politics), one individual with free time gets to impose their preferences on others (by being the loudest and perhaps the only voice in local government meetings).

We need UBI (Universal Basic Income) and a 4DWW (Four Day Work Week) so that people would have more free time to contribute to the communities where they live (and not be burnt out from day-to-day work).
I noticed that you seem to have some negative views towards cryptocurrency users and not their ability to store and keep their private keys safe.
Past history is a bad indicator for future risk when the costs are so high.

And the reason why there were so few fatalities was because huge chunks of land have been evacuated every time and costly cleanup operations have been undertaken. The risk is not just lives lost, but rather the impact on those countries' economy.
Also, the decommissioning costs are really high, are usually not factored into the investment and often have to be absorbed by the state.
In France last summer, some plants had indeed to be shut down because of the drought but:

* a minority of plants were involved, it was only an issue because it happened on top of other issues (planned maintenances delayed due to covid, corrosion issues)

* the problem isn't actually the drought, it was the heat. The plants could keep operating, but they would have rejected water too hot, in breach of environmental regulations.

Besides, new plants can be built close to the sea instead of rivers to account for that.
Germany would have had to burn coal that night anyway. The output of the remaining 3 reactors would have been only a fraction of the electricity requirements anyway. Meanwhile the buildup of renewables continues and part of the "lost" production capacity will be filled in soon.
Astronomers try to catch titanic black hole clashes in action – Science – AAAS
The problem with not using jquery is that it still takes a lot more code to get the same thing done, and I still need to worry about cross-browser compatibility myself. The amount of extra code keeps shrinking, and browsers are getting closer together but it's still not as easy.

Just don't build complex UIs with jquery. But plain old HTML with a dash of jquery is just really easy to work with.
This article describes positional encodings based on several sine waves with different frequencies, but I've also seen positional "embeddings" used, where the position (the position is an integer value) is used to select an differentiable embedding from an embedding table. Thus, the model learns its own positional encoding. Does anyone know how these compare?

I've also wondered why we add the positional encoding to the value, rather than concatenating them?

Also, the terms encoding, embedding, projection, and others are all starting to sound the same to me. I'm not sure exactly what the difference is. Linear projections start to look like embeddings start to look like encodings start to look like projections, etc. I guess that's just the nature of linear algebra? It's all the same? The data is the computation, and the computation is the data. Numbers in, numbers out, and if the wrong numbers come out then God help you.

I digress. Is there a distinction between encoding, embedding, and projection I should be aware of?

I recently read in "The Little Learner" book that finding the right parameters is learning. That's the point. Everything we do in deep learning is focused on choosing the right sequence of numbers and we call those numbers parameters. Every parameter has a specific role in our model. Parameters are our choice, those are the nobs that we (as a personified machine learning algorithm) get to adjust. Ever since then the word "parameters" has been much more meaningful to me. I'm hoping for similar clarity with these other words.
Nonsense. Near north side, Lincoln park, Gold Coast, all the way up to Rogers park and everywhere in between cabs were all plentiful. I took them regularly. Same on the west side all the way out to oak park.

South side I don’t know, never went there on purpose unless you count Chinatown which is at a red line stop. South side has always been an island.
> but I didn't run into (Germany-based) "Kfz-Zulassungsstellenwitze" yet.

Well... the situation used to be so bad that making jokes was inappropriate. Like, you had to wait months to even get an appointment to register your freshly bought car in 2020 [1] - and that was not due to covid, extremely long wait times were a common complaint for many years before.

[1] https://www.autobild.de/artikel/kfz-zulassung-chaos-bei-den-...
It's strange that Netflix would do that. In Germany, they pioneered consistently offering original audio. (For instance, Amazon Prime Video was available earlier than Netflix here, and originally most of their catalogue was dubbed to German exclusively.) Plenty of services where you can rent this movie also offer it in English (OV): https://www.werstreamt.es/film/details/2097679/the-green-kni... So it may very well be some weird licensing deal where they only get to offer this specific film for streaming without a surcharge if they stick to dubbed audio.
> A 2014 study which looked at the same issue found that 2-megawatt wind turbines

And such wind turbines are nowadays tiny. If you look at https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst_van_windmolenparken_in_d... (Dutch) the column "Turbine vermogen" shows the (average?) megawatt (MW) of the windturbines. The ones planned for 2023 are 11 MW. The ones delivered in 2021 are 9.5 MW. There's a planned windpark with 14 MW turbines for delivery in 2026.
This blog is a good example of it. I had to scroll two screen heights worth of sales pitches to get to the content, and finally dropped out at the newsletter modal.

This is harder to measure, but it's certainly felt.
>For most people even Signal involves a central party and trust for establishing authentication.

Most people do not have effective E2EE while using Signal or other systems like it. That is because they have not verified their "Safety Numbers" which is what is used in the Signal case. It is a long known (since PGP) usability problem that makes such systems impractical for most. Relevant:

* https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/09...

Not making this issue clear (identity verification is a prerequisite for E2EE) is a common scammy thing done by various messaging systems.
To the people designing this it is a feature, not a bug.

Authenticator certification is inherently incompatible with open source, so you are forced to use a proprietary implementation.
A web password is effectively a private secret, that can be used, for example, to derive a ECC keypair, but this secret is passed around in plain text between your device and the target site or service. It might be encrypted on the wire, but it must be known by both.

So any system that replaces web auth passwords is, worst case, just as bad as a password from a key-ownership perspective. Such a system also has the potential to be much better than a password, for example your auth secret is only entered on a secure keyboard (thumb reader, etc.) and used locally on a device you own, which then handles all auth tasks.
Let's say this number is correct: Flamanville has cost a 1/10 of that and has produced 0 kWh, and won't produce any at least 20 years since the project began. Germany produces around 250 TWh worth of electricity per year from renewables, and has done so to an increasing extent in the last 20 years, especially in the last 10. Flamanville Unit 3, I haven't found the estimated production, but judging from the other two units existing it should be in the ballpark of 10TWh per year.

Nuclear has failed to scale, it's a well documented issue. If we want to decarbonize quickly, I cannot imagine how it can make sense to invest a 1/10 for a 1/25 of the production, and then wait decades longer for it. If decarbonization is the goal, projects like Flamanville are already a failure: even if finished it will take decades and decades to make up for the construction time during which it did not produce a single kWh and did not displace a single molecule of co2. Germany was over 50% coal 20 years ago, it would still be at this level if it had gone that route. It can't be the solution now.
> likely even while they’re stored on their servers.

I'm all for castigating Google for not encrypting the TOTP seed which is (apparently) transmitted in the clear, but there's no actual proof (one way or the other) that the secrets are/are not being stored encrypted. Thus claiming "even while stored" claim is a bit much.
How many plants were shut down because of water supply and how many due to planned maintenance and underinvestment of France govt last 10 or so years(bc of same 'green parties' as in Germany)?
Asking because here I see there were only two (of 56 OPERATIONAL): https://www.thelocal.fr/20200825/france-authorities-shut-dow... but maybe you can find more info?
You mean the viruses and bacteria? How could you make money of that?
There is a distinct increase of coal-burning plants in the article a couple years ago, suggesting that they are partially a replacement. But what I actually want to highlight is that every nuclear plant closed instead of a closed coal plant shows how much safety is valued by those making decisions.

Because coal plants have been allowed to remain after forced closure of nuclear plants, safety is not the actual reason why nuclear plants are removed in Germany.
Indoor CBSDs don't need a SAS. You are fully legal running a B48 eNB inside your home at low power without even touching the FCC.

I'm doing this with Open5GS and a Baicells Nova227 that's running at low power indoors as it's both an indoor and outdoor-capable unit.
The problem of course is the proximity to power consumers or you have to expand the grid. Besides, coastlines are ideal places for wind power generation, which is why the north of Germany has no energy scarcity.
"Nothing" can be a slippery concept. See for example Robert Lawrence Kuhn's nine levels/types of nothing:

* https://closertotruth.com/news/levels-of-nothing-by-robert-l...

Also various physicists:

* https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/physicists...

The general field of the study of being:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology