skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I don't think your appreciating the scale of the problem - check the article - the numbers are _enormous_
Nobody says that Obama is half-black...
Bad commit messages feel like git's original sin:

fixed
Very nice!

Suggestions:

Perhaps you could add some background information about how you get to the final figure.

The profit percentage is a bit mysterious. Based on what?

The last salary is a good starting point - a reminder to add benefits (healthcare, pension) could help to get to a realistic figure.
I’m not sure why one would think it’s mistaken to say this. Even if there are many instances of personnel disregarding orders, that’s only interesting as a talking point because of how it differs from the norm.
I’m impressed by how fast I can scroll and never see it buffering.
Russia set itself on this trajectory after the Bolshevik revolution. It's been brewing for a long time
> It's also unlikely that somebody memorized 20 random characters.

I routinely memorized 15 character random passwords until I switched to bitwarden, 20 doesn't seem out of bounds. Now, with bitwarden, I have no idea what any of my passwords are.
Not Germany but here's another one showing very calm shoppers, even during Christmas season:

Raw footage inside Sears with Atari 800 and 2600 (1982) [video]
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32282081
This seems a internally inconsistent.

Either the blue mark on a deceased person’s account is not deceptive because “everybody knows that they are dead” or because it’s understood to be on behalf of their estate / family / etc.

If it can be either, there’s deceptive ambiguity.
What about sending Gagarin to space in the 1950s? Was that tech developed in the Gulags as well?
India will never agree.
Russian Federation as a sovereign state is barely 32 years old. You are talking about some impact being visible in 20 years, but that is an impossibly long planning period for RF.
I wouldn't even guess as to the nature of interaction of cerebral cortex/hypothalamus/brain stem/etc. with plastic nanoparticles — but I doubt that it would be a benefit. As Deckard remarked in another context, more likely than not a hazard.
> Not enough to win decisively.

It's often claimed that US policy is to take advantage of the war to grind down Russian military capability, and that the USA will fight to the last Ukrainian.

I must say, I find the reluctance to supply missiles that could be used to hit targets inside Russia seems to support that view. I mean, it's not as if Russia is hitting targets inside Ukraine, is it? /s

It's completely normal in war to attempt to disrupt enemy operations by targeting logistics behind enemy lines; which in this case is the border between Ukraine and Russia. Western vetoes on that activity, supposedly with the aim of "not escalating", look very cynical.
I think you misunderstand. The secure token you mention isn't secure if it's part of your app, like any other API key or password. Fake apps will just extract that token from the real app and insert it into their own code.
You know, that's very convincing actually! I'm obviously missing out, I'll need to mess around with it more.
Duolingo is the digital version of the toys that teach counting and basic vocabulary for toddlers.
Same principle and methods.
To answer your first point, I agree. But having weak Federal institutions isn't a reason to break up the country, it is a reason to strengthen them.

"Furthermore, by something like 1992, the Serbian side (Milošević) basically usurped the Army (in what some called a coup)."
Explain this please. How did the Serbian side "usurp" the army? By trying to prevent the separatists from leaving? Isn't that what any country's army would do?

"It doesn't seem like the USA supported any side in the war very much."

The US politicians cheered on with glee seeing how once one of the most powerful countries in Europe, the last bastion of socialism, fell apart. And of course they supported and trained and equipped the separatist forces. First in Croatia, then in Bosnia, and finally in Serbian Kosovo and Metohija.

Please, don't try to educate me on my own country's history. I've lived through all the MSM propaganda and bullshit, I know a lot more than you. Including the entire process of NATO's preparing for the war. You can't just mobilize 27 countries on a whim to bomb one country. You have to have plans. And they had them, for a long time. Maybe even before Tito died.
501(c)4's get a lot of attention,too, as the vehicle for PACs. The "novelty" here is that this is basically a private PAC.
Thank you. I had a hard time parsing the title.
Sure, other random internets person.
Pet peeve mass nouns wrongly used in the plural:

codes ("e.g. download the source codes")
advices
feedbacks
evidences
moneys ("e.g. how much moneys does this cost", but "exchange of moneys" or "source of moneys" indicating variability of payment amounts is fine )
datas
syntaxes
works (e.g. "thank you all for your hard works")
experiences (e.g. "work experiences" on a CV)
informations
spaces (leave enough spaces for references)
businesses (we have businesses to take care of)
medias (share to social medias)
softwares / hardwares
A chain of grifters and liars repeatedly mining the same group of people for all they're worth, never delivering anything positive, only making them more angry and resentful at every step of the way.
A lot of this reminds me of present day web frameworks.

"But you HAVE TO have a virtual DOM. You HAVE TO write all this boilerplate and ship a fat runtime. You HAVE TO manage the caching details to these performance problems and abstraction leaks (looking at you, useMemo!). You have to WRAP AND HIDE the HTML and CSS—which breaks accessibility, so you need to learn all the implementation details about a11y and manually add it back one ARIA role at a time (or just assert it's too hard, so less accommodation)."

All this when there are alternatives that are much simpler, so much easier, so much less code, and so much more consistent, folks constantly downplay it. "It CAN'T be used for large projects. You HAVE TO make this large object hierarchy to make web apps. You CAN'T rely on a compiler, because that's magic and no longer 'pure' JavaScript."

I especially love the "magic" argument since it completely glosses over the fact that we're providing info to processed sand we hit with lightning to make it think. Magic is already part of the bargain from your first "Hello World."

Only now it's not "is that a standard?" It's "everyone's doing it the unnecessarily hard way, and we've invested too much time learning all the ins and outs of the unnecessarily hard way, so if you want a job, you'd better get used to the hard way and suffer as we have."
B12 is not actually synthesized by animals, it is synthesized by bacteria. Most grain-fed livestock are heavily supplemented as well, with industrially fermented B12. You can just get the same industrially fermented B12 we inject livestock with. You don't have to inject it though.
They're cheap comparatively. They also cost over 3x what they did 20 years ago and pay non teaching staff well. If it were truly about not having any money, I'd expect support and admin staff to also be low paid, but they're not. I don't want a lot of money, but I need enough to be secure and therefore able to devote my attention to my work.

> Many of the Adjuncts I know do it not as primary income, but as secondary income, and they do not do it for financial gain they fine other value in it like the original story.

Where do they adjunct? You see more of this at grad level or higher-level undergrad course adjuncting.

I also have major problems with the exploitation of vocational awe that happens in higher ed. If they don't need the money why accept pay at all? Why not make it a volunteer position? Surely there are enough retirees that adjuncts could be replaced with volunteers if the money is not a concern?
The post in French did not mention how long they had been studying. That came in a later comment, so that wasn't part of my thinking. I think you're right that B1 in a year would require more work than a casual 2 classes per week.

So I wasn't giving B1 as a benchmark for any amount of time, because no amount of time was given in the post I responded to. I was just answering the question about the quality of their French, since they had asked that in their post.
The extension Consent o Matic do that (Firefox/Chrome/Safari) https://consentomatic.au.dk/
It’s a minor benefit, but you should get better waterproofing because you have one less port
This sounds like a joke I heard decades ago when I first worked with LISP programmers - when I commented about some unexpected result, he said "ah, you're looking for the DWIM command..." "What?"... "The Do What I Mean command, they're still working on it..."

Decades later, and it looks like everyone is still working on the DWIM command...
I think the bell character suggestion might be the simplest, but depending on how long the build takes you might want to check ntfy.sh

I alias the build command to POST a notification using curl and get it on the browser/phone
If performance matters, TLV doesn't cut it either, you need fixed-offset fields. Self-describing binary formats like CBOR, BSON, bencode, DER, UBJSON, etc fall between two stools, being less hackable than JSON and slower than schema-driven binary formats, which is why they are all moribund today.
I used to do this in high school and college. You develop an instinct for people.

There are people who you can educate to a certain extent who will convert to a sale given a patient conversation. Others were there to waste your time. This stuff was a lot of money and folks often didn’t have it, or didn’t understand what they were going to do with the computer. Other people would get a rise out of pretending to have money.

My normal technique was to hang out or approach people in a few specific areas and talk them through 2 computers. My goal was ~15m interaction if they weren’t moving down the funnel. No more.

That first guy is an ideal customer. He’s fishing for reasons to buy, as a sales dude, let him do the work, then drop the margin stuff (warranty, training, etc) at the end.
Twilio also reports "the typical open rate for SMS is 98%" though they give marketing messages an average of 82%.
I wonder if there are any specific examples of Russian culture that are preserved outside Russia but lost inside Russia.

Russia 30 years ago was a failed and miserable state with corresponding words choice. In the modern Russia not many actual people watch TV.
A Winter’s Tale: Improving Messages and Types in GDB’s Python API
> what's really lacking in JSON is any support for using custom types to disambiguate polymorphism

Unless I misunderstood you, you can use tagged unions[1] for this so not sure JSON needs any change there. Slightly more verbose but shouldn't be an issue in practice.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagged_union
That's not correct. Each distro has a huge amount of code in the form of patches, packaging and installation that they handle.
Romania was totalitarian. Ceausescu was a bloodthirsty dictator. Bucharest was wormed through with underground tunnels that the Securitate would use to move around. He'd murder political opponents by summoning them to a waiting room with a radiation source, giving them cancer and then letting them leave. He was overthrown only after he massacred a ton of students, mowing them down with machine gun fire during a protest.
I know. I have access to "free" healthcare, "free" schooling, had contact with food rations, communism, so I actually know.

Just don't tell me that THAT wasn't real communism, because it felt real to me.
This thread is about decommissioning so I'm not allowed to mention decomissioning because it breaks your own FUD?

lol...I showed actual numbers above.

We have HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF TONS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE WE DON'T HOW TO DEAL WITH in Germany alone.

This is the situation today.
> pushing around schemaless hodgepodge

Ah, but we have schemas now! https://json-schema.org/

I've been able to convert our XSD's 1:1 to JSON Schemas, including choice elements. I'm sure there's not a 100% overlap but most XSDs could I think.
It works for some people, clearly, as stated by some on this very thread.
I hope you will not move from "Duolingo is useless for everyone on this earth" to "anyone saying Duolingo is useful for her/him is in denial"...
My company pays its monthly Google cloud bill using a Chase credit card, and we get maximal credit card points because Chase classifies Google as an advertising company. Go figure.
> Specialization is productive and efficient [...]

... When the solution fits inside the lines of a particular specialty; otherwise, you need a different specialist, and knowing which one is not at all trivial. From time to time, the solution doesn’t fit within any established lines, in which case you’ll never find it at all this way.

Which is why the commonly expressed sentiment that domain experts should stick to their domains of expertise drives me up the wall. Especially the experts in question are scientists and the specific lines can be ... less than well established, to put it mildly.

That is not to say there aren’t plenty of examples of people being wrong outside their domain, but that’s not even a problem. Being confidently wrong would be one. Unfortunately, that’s not how the incentives are set in most places.
You're underestimating the default PBKDF parameters used by LUKS1, `cryptsetup luksFormat` [1] benchmarks the `--pbkdf` function at runtime when configuring the keyslot, and the default iteration count is based on a target `--iter-time` [2], which is either 1s or 2s [3], unless overridden by the distro. I'm not entirely sure about the PRF (SHA1/256) used by LUKS1, it might be SHA-1 or SHA-256 [4].

For a LUKS1 image created with Ubuntu 18.04 on a i5-8265U ( Q3'18) CPU, that appears to result in an iteration count on the order of 1-2M. Assuming those hashcat benchmark numbers scale linearly on the iteration count, you're down to about 10kH/s for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA1 or 5kH/s for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256.

Assuming 10kH/s, that drops you down to roughly 45 bits of entropy for 1k gpu-months, or 250k gpu-years to net 56 bits of entropy. Those would be on the order of [a-z0-9]{8} (41 bits), [a-zA-Z0-9]{8} (47 bits) or [a-z]{12} (56 bits).

OTOH it's easy to generate a 20-character password with far less entropy.

[1] https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/cryptsetup-luksformat....
[2] https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/dm-crypt/Device_encryption#...
[3] https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/cryptsetup/v...
[4] https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/-/wikis/FrequentlyA...
You’re making an awful lot of assumptions about how people think and behave en masse. When facebook is the primary communication factor for huge family groups, if you’re the only one not participating then you miss out on all those conversations. It’s not just about one on one communication, it’s about a virtual family presence.

I say this as someone who despises facebook but this is the reality we are in. Similarly, in most nations outside United States, you really cannot get rid of WhatsApp. If you don’t use WhatsApp, you are missing out on how much of your society operates.
Sure argon2 is better, but high iteration count pbkdf2 is still a lot of work to crack, and afaik the work still scales linearly with iteration count.

Lets do bit of reality check here. I checked my 14 year old laptop luks setup and it has iteration count set to 462093 and it unlocks near instantly. Looking at hashcat benchmark results for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA1[1] I'd estimate that for that iteration count it'd do about 47 kH/s. Running a full year with 100000 gpus of that perf means about 2^47 hashes bruteforced (=log2(47e3×100e3×86400×365)).

Considering that I'm using maybe 70ish bit secret there, I'm not exactly concerned. I still should upgrade to have better margin, but there is no reason to panic; I'd consider it still practically uncrackable with current level of tech.

[1] https://gist.github.com/Chick3nman/32e662a5bb63bc4f51b847bb4...
As of 2019, 53.3% of Europeans lived in houses: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/07/flats-houses-types-ho...

"In 2008, it was estimated that six out of ten Japanese lived in single-family houses." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_in_Japan

I'm not going to keep googling this for everywhere but in developed countries at least, it doesn't appear that "home charging isn't a thing for vast majority of car owners."
> It's common sense to let "the market decide" -- why not in this case?

Apple is the market here. If people wants to have PWAs they do not buy Apple products.

But in reality "the market decide" is not common sense - that is why we have regulations.
I downloaded 35 million posts from Hacker News, here's what I've known
> defending smaller, but freedom loving, countries

Lol.

> Our grandparents told us stories about the russian army that many found hard to believe. And here we are proven that they were right all along.

This is true for any military power, read stories about areas under occupation from "freedom loving" or "non-freedom loving" (?) military groups, and you'll find it is equally horrible no matter what country the groups are from.
Ahh I see, reading a bit more, I think the idea is that the gut is filtering out the larger particles but simulation indicates the BBB could pass micro-plastics.

> These findings together with the computer model underline that MNP PS particles can cross the gastrointestinal barrier and the BBB within a short time, but only 0.293 µm sized particles were able to be taken up from the gastrointestinal tract and to penetrate the BBB. This suggests that the size of the particles may be a critical factor in their ability to penetrate the BBB [42].
I think this is a neglected point. For application config, the scope over which standardisation pays off is smaller than for data. It can be company-sized. Or language-sized - if all Ruby library use YAML, that's great for Rubyists; if all Java apps use properties files, that's, believe it nor not, pretty great for Java programmers.
Letter to a Burned Out Founder
I presume "new" is an oblique reference to the Citizens United v FEC Supreme Court case[1], which, to quote a portion of the enWikipedia article:

>In addition to indirectly providing support for the creation of super PACs, Citizens United allowed incorporated 501(c)(4) public advocacy groups (such as the National Rifle Association, the Sierra Club, and the group Citizens United itself) and trade associations to make expenditures in political races. Such groups may not, under the tax code, have a primary purpose of engaging in electoral advocacy. These organizations must disclose their expenditures, but unlike super PACs they do not have to include the names of their donors in their FEC filings.

Or, quoting OpenSecrets[2]:

>Essentially, Citizens United allowed 501(c)(4) groups to participate in political activities just like other groups already had been doing. But, unlike most of the other groups, which are under the oversight of the Federal Election Commission and must disclose their contributors and expenditures, 501(c)(4)s fall are overseen by the IRS. They must make filings with the FEC when they spend money explicitly advocating for or against a candidate, as well as when they buy issue ads that run in the weeks close to an election, but they aren't required to provide detail about where they're getting their money or how they're spending much of it.

1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizens_United_v._FEC

2: https://www.opensecrets.org/outside-spending/faq
The AppStore, in its current incarnation, almost certainly decreases security. And I mean this in a very concrete and demonstrable way. Apple on the one hand insists on touting the safety of the AppStore, and its reliance on app-review for this safety, to people (and Congress!),creating the reasonable expectation that if something has made it onto the AppStore, then it it’s gone through this stringent analysis and should be considered safe by default.

However, they then bizarrely and deliberately refuse to actually police the store, to an alarming and almost cartooninsh level. We’ve seen this time and time again: scan apps remain on the store for months despite being reported. Take just last month when fake Authenticator apps flooded the AppStore to take advantage of Twitter getting rid of mobile phone based 2FA, and not only were those apps allowed on the store, but often managed to get top recommendation.

At least on the web the expectation is that it’s the wild west and you should be careful what you install. On the AppStore it’s as if Apple has purposefully invested effort into creating the perfect mark for von artists: convincing their customers that a shark infested pool is totally safe to swim in.

And this is the undeniably bad stuff, it doesn’t even touch on the “grey area” of these disgusting children’s casino apps that dominate the AppStore, and that Apple shares the profit on to the tune of 15-30%. The incentives are all broken. Apple profits when scam apps buy ad-placement using real apps names for keywords. Apple profits from apps that convince kids to buy garbage IAP.

It would be one thing if the AppStore actually lived up to its supposed principles, at the cost of hurting competition, innovation, and the occasional frustrating developer rejection. There’s actually be a trade-off to discuss, and we’d actually be arguing about principles, and whether safety matters vs. freedom blah blah blah. Hell, as a parent, there’s versions of a well managed AppStore that I’d probably begrudgingly accept.there be a “can’t argue with the results” thinking there.

But that’s not what this is, and I’m tired of pretending toy is in arguments that defend the AppStore. It’s been 15 years, the AppStore isn’t in beta, it’s not “a work in progress”, there’s no room for arguing about its vision vs it’s “current” reality. The AppStore has shown us what it actually is: a supremely lazy and un creative business cudgel that serves neither developers nor customers, and instead serves Apple first and ironically Apple competitors and criminals second. How does it serve Apple competitors you ask? Consider that companies like Amazon are offered special AppStore rates. Little developers don’t get that, big companies do. So not only does the AppStore exhibit monopolistic behavior, it also props up other monopolies.

Also, the search sucks and it’s ugly. It feels like a free samples booth at a Costco. No one at Apple has any taste anymore. Not really relevant to the argument, but just want to point out there’s zero to be proud of in that product.
The US has been proven to meddle in democratic elections in every single continent, except Africa I think, at this point. But meddling in Africa will surely be made public at one point or another.
I have never come across anything that actually uses JSON5.
The russian old believers in Brazil is the first example that comes to mind https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17-3EGQ1aAw
That's a laugh riot, as a Russian I've heard plenty of racist crap from other Russians unfortunately.
And you seem to be missing the point that increasing the equilibrium concentration of atmospheric methane is something we very much do not want to do. And that agriculture isn't actually a closed loop.
It was just more relaxed somehow. One part of it I think was that you just had to wait for things, not everything was available instantly, it teaches you patience.
I agree it's not great. But assuming they are very bad at learning, then Duolingo make them learn something , kind of by accident. I cannot see this as a negative.

Obviously, for anyone who can learn faster, it's a lot of energy and time wasted, I agree.
I would say I've mostly landed on JSON by default and TOML for configs when possible. Otherwise, that ends up being JSON too.