skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Certainly you can. You can audit Bill Header’s streaming history to see exactly what he watched and when.

But I think that’s immaterial as I think the answer is that it doesn’t matter if you train on copyrighted work. Or maybe better that you don’t need a special license.

If I steal books and train on them, then I think that’s copyright infringement not because of the training but because I made an infringing copy. However, if I have a license already to read those books (ie, I bought a copy at a book store) then it’s not infringement to train an AI, or loan it to a million people or whatever I like with it as I bought a copy.
and all it took was Poland telling Germany to sent Patriots to Ukraine instead of Poland https://www.dw.com/en/poland-asks-germany-to-send-patriot-mi... https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/poland-asks-germany-sen...

Same as with tanks it was viewed as absolutely impossible. Everything is impossible until you force Scholz hand, then it becomes his idea to begin with :). Lets also not forget APRIL 13, 2022:

>German Defence Minister Christine Lambrecht said on Saturday that the country’s military reserves have run out of arms for Ukraine

at least they got rid of her in January just as first Polish Leopards showed up in Ukraine.
He has always set (intentionally?) low expectations regarding launches.
Can you share what your current solution looks like for something like that?

> But I rarely see mention of messier problems which consist of overlapping and perhaps hierarchical states.

Your comment resonated with me relative to regulated financial services where a relationship with a customer has many states can can be independent or intertwined depending on regulatory environment and subject matter i.e. status and renewal of terms of a contract/agreement, billing/payment, different pricing revisions, etc.
Ask HN: Recommendations for the best handwriting recognition software?
I want to read handwritten notes from students into a database to do some analysis. Are there any general purpose OCRs for handwriting which can get this done with good accuracy? Goes without saying that the handwritings may differ though all the notes are in English.
What's the problem with NSFW? Why discriminate and demonize this kind of content?

> We don't want to create a bad experience for someone that might stumble across explicit images, nor is it in our company ethos to support explicit content, so some lascivious or sexualized posts are not allowed.

Hey Imgur! By banning NSFT you've create a bad experience for me and now I'm stumbled. Happy?
I'm really glad I've been doing this the last decade. It was just announced that imgur is deleting all images not uploaded by someone with an active account. I used imgur quite a bit for sharing images but always made sure to put them on my webserver first.
How many Apple devices are prematurely in landfills simply because an inexpensive or consumable part was deliberately rendered impossible to fix or replace?
I think there's a very big difference here in that you're equating a person singing like Steve Perry (one in millions) and a machine singing like Steve Perry (electricity required).

These are very different things.
>They do if you do business in Europe, for example by serving users in Europe.

Nope, that's not doing business in Europe. If EU users come to my American-located site (or git repo or wherever) and grab my code that's theirs and the EU's business. Again, same as if some Iranian came and posted a comment deemed insulting to muhammad under their law or a Chinese citizen with a picture of Xinnie the Pooh genociding Uyghurs or used my software in some way to do the same or evade local censorship or something. Chinese or Iranian or EU government are then free to tell me to change my ways or give them info on the user or block them or whatever. Or demand I pay fines and go to jail. And I'm free to tell them to kiss my red white and blue ass.

If it's against the law in the US too, including treaties we've signed with other countries binding us as a matter of domestic law as well, then absolutely of course Americans have to respect that. Or again, if somebody wanted to maintain assets and presence in another country. Otherwise explain to me the exact mechanics by which you expect one of the courts from the other 194 countries in the world to enforce their own laws in the US contrary to US law?

Also, obviously if I make use of a large site that has physical presence in the EU, then the EU will have some level of sway over that site in turn, and could demand they block me to all EU citizens, or for that matter demand that they ban me and anyone else and enforce EU law worldwide. And then they would have to decide if it was worth staying under EU jurisdiction or not, and the US Government would have to decide whether to retaliate and demand EU companies enforce US law in the EU or be banned from the US market and it'd spiral off into far higher office and diplomacy. But none of that is the problem of those of us on the ground floor beyond convenience and our dependence (or not) on multinational mega entities. Can always fallback to our own local stuff.
> you don't need to have a 175B size model…

Sure, that’s true.

…but, a fully trained larger model is going to be better.

There only reasonable reason to prefer a smaller model is because it’s cheaper and less intensive to train.

It sounds a lot like you’re saying “small models are just as good” … which is false. No one believes that.

For a given compute budget an under trained large model and a well trained small mode may be comparable, right?

…but surely, the laws of diminishing returns applies here?

There’s an upper bound to how good your smaller model
can ever be, right?

Over time, someone can take a larger model which is under trained and refine that model right?

The “small model is just as good” narrative only holds up for a fixed once only training of a model for a fixed compute budget at the moment of release.

Over all of time that compute budget is not fixed.
Don't manage your time, manage your energy instead
Me viewing it with my eyes involved making a copy in my neurons.

Or viewing it on my television requires multiple copies as the data moves through wires and tuners and memory and storage. Obviously a video just be copied into RAM to process and display for normal viewing. Why would making a copy in memory to run through a training algorithm be different than an algorithm to encode or decode for display on a screen?

I don’t think transmission should count as making copies.
All the efforts by reddit that I've seen along these lines are just to use NSFW content as a lever to try and get people to use their stupid app.
Seagate hit with $300M penalty for selling sanctioned storage to Huawei
> What's the problem with NSFW? Why discriminate and demonize this kind of content?

The usual answer is that advertisers don't want their ads appearing next to it.
Ask HN: Navigating IP Clauses in Employment Contract
Hey,

Would love for some advice on a decision I'm facing. I received an employment contract from a company in Israel that specializes in institutional crypto wallets. However, I also have a strong interest in working on personal side projects within the crypto industry, such as retail crypto wallets or retail crypto tax apps.

The issue is that the employment contract contains broad language regarding the ownership of Intellectual Property (IP). It covers IP that is "related, directly or indirectly to any field of business, activity, technology or operation in which the Company engages or intends to engage." I'm concerned that this could potentially affect my ability to work on personal projects within the crypto space without the company claiming ownership of my work.

I haven't signed the contract yet, so I wanted to get your opinions on the situation:

* Should I sign the contract and potentially risk the company claiming ownership of my personal projects within the crypto industry, is this something that is commno within the tech industry and nobody is really suing for this?

* Has anyone negotiated IP clauses in an employment contract to protect their personal projects? If so, how did you approach this?
Proton announces Proton Pass, a password manager
Show HN: Manage all your todo-lists in a clean, minimal and intuitive way
> Development of anything substantial is an incremental process where parts must exist in an unfinished imperfect state for a time.

Yes, of course. That's why not being able to leave something messy/unfinished/bad is crippling.

> I've seen many "perfectionists" hide behind this moniker when infact they're just incompetent when it comes to prioritizing what to do, how much to do it, and in what order.

As you've identified, this thing they're calling perfectionism isn't an asset. I get the sense that you think being a perfectionist is supposed to be a good thing. It's not. It's a defect.
I don’t know about Facebook, because I don’t have an account there, but I do this with Twitter. A new item on my website gets automatically tweeted with using a script that calls a Twitter API. I certainly don’t pay Twitter anything. If they start charging for using the API, I’m out.
Guess, I'm thinking farther back, when developers first started sharing code openly with no licenses at all. Just groups working together to build something. Then some corporation, or guess anybody, could take it, erase the names, and start making money. Then there was a profusion of new licenses of all types trying to strike a balance, but all to protect the programmers from being erased. Some to make money and some just for joy.
As an American who enjoys America’s freedom of speech, I find it distressing that the largest companies, who play a real role in the distribution of that speech, are so very large and global that they are beholden to the law of other jurisdictions, who then afflict US residents with their extraterritorial censorship.

We need many viable not-Googles, instead of just one behemoth.
Not that I know of (so I'd like to see if someone can suggest anything).

In practice, what I have always done is to decompose the "object" into a set of components. Each of these components can be in a number of states, and there are rules to set the header state depending on what the substates are.

Practical example:

------------

Business order #2849 State: PSH (Partially shipped)

Item 2849.01 State ONO (Ordered, not confirmed)

Item 2849.02 State STR (Received, stored)

Item 2849.03 State SSH (Shipped by supplier)

Item 2849.04 State STR (Received, stored)

-------------

Where the "business rules" are something like:

* "If all items are SSH or better, status=SSH"

* "If at leat one item is ONO, status=POR" (on order, not fully confirmed)

...
Etc.
Yeah I regret this decision. [Founder of Val Town here]

We hope to move to a more web-standard import syntax soon.. I learned my lesson!
I've only really used state machines in TypeScript via xstate, and I've been meaning to try Rust for a while, so your comment interests me. Got any tips or advice on further reading or specific libs that you can recommend for working with FSMs in Rust?
NASASpaceflight stream if you like informed commentary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uouujjgkR3A

SpaceX's streams start after a lot of interesting stuff happens, and can be a little sparse.
I recently discovered libreddit and nitter and couldn't be happier. Good UI and loads super fast without restrictions.
I recommend to self host though as the public servers can get overwhelmed.
It feels like we're hitting a bunch of positive tipping points these days.

Will be interesting to see them interact.
>What percentage of that spending are the royal family actually responsible for? It's hard to disambiguate, but it's surely only a portion of it.

I doubt the royals drive that much tourism. Tourists still flock to Paris and Istanbul despite no royals living there and also to Amsterdam where the royals don't have a powerful brand image.

My point is you don't need living or active royals for tourism.
I mentioned this in an above comment - here is a repo that I use in two of my apps that I compile with pyinstaller and distribute:

https://github.com/Capsize-Games/aihandler/blob/master/setup...

There are hundreds if not thousands of developers who have contributed to those libraries and the dependencies of those libraries.

Are you saying that you feel it is up to someone (myself or some service) to track down and verify the identity of each of these developers, and that I shouldn't use these libraries or distribute them until that happens?
I keep seeing "use statemachine", but it all seems very abstract to me. How would you "use statemachine" in, let's say python? Is there some library, or is more of a conceptual thing for code organization?

This is probably stupid question but I can't really grasp what I should do. I'd like to because I'm currently tasked to create something like order system, which could benefit from this, but I don't know where to start.
Mullvad VPN was subject to a search warrant – customer data not compromised
I suppose Oasis is really doomed then.

I used to think “well this dumb law can’t be so bad if it kills Facebook that’s a net positive” but I don’t think having directions that allow Beatles cover bands like Oasis but disallow an AI Oasis will be good for society. Comically, I think this because one day we’ll be digital beings and it will be funny if these old timey 21st century laws only allow creativity from meat-based consciousnesses because my digital consciousness is basically just an advanced AI that I legally treat as me.
https://www.wired.com/story/what-happens-if-a-space-elevator...
I have to wonder what you mean we're no longer making cool spacecraft? The SpaceX starship is about to launch in an hour, it's very cool.
The Halting Problem is undecidable only for Turing machines, but we are restricting ourselves to finite state machines - and with a finite number of states it must eventually either halt or repeat a previous configuration.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halting_problem#Common_pitfall...

I'd go so far to say that this is a key advantage of FSMs - without Turing completeness you get much better options for theoretical analysis.
Focusing on v_x(p), the multiplicity of some prime p in the prime factorization of x:

m = j p^a → v_m(p) = a

n = k p^b → v_n(p) = b

p is not a factor of j or k

m^n = j^n (p^a)^n
= j^n p^(an)
= k^m p^(bm)
= …
= n^m

v_{m^n}(p) = an = bm

Note that a=0 iff b=0. This is the case where p is neither a factor of m nor n.

b/a = m/n >=1

This ratio is the same for all primes, so every prime has:

v_m(p) >= v_n(p)

so

n | m

(We didn't need the ratio to be the same, but we did need the ratios to be all greater >= 1)
And in that universe Python uses braces.
Also climate change and environmental racism are to blame most likely
ChatGPT “Grandma Exploit”
For all practical purposes, the terms "free software" and "open source" are equivalent - the difference is political (which still matters of course). The source code doesn't have to be publicly available with either, but every user must have access to it on request and they may redistribute it, so practically it usually becomes publicly available anyway.
> But I rarely see mention of messier problems which consist of overlapping and perhaps hierarchical states.

That's what State Charts were designed for: https://www.inf.ed.ac.uk/teaching/courses/seoc/2005_2006/res...

It's used as the basis for a number of state machine / state chart libraries, for instance XState: https://xstate.js.org/docs/
For a non-techie like me this might as well be written in Urdu or Farsi. I'm so afraid of being locked out of my Apple account that I STILL refuse to use a password/passcode/FaceID/TouchID/2FA, much less a Recovery Key.
Sure, but as soon as you create linkage between them - if the state of machine A affects what transitions are possible when in machine B and vice versa - then you don’t really have two state machines, you have a single Cartesian state machine combining both. Or you have a pair of metastatemachines which aren’t able to be analyzed in the same way as an independent state machine.

It’s like the difference between solving a maze, and solving a maze with constantly moving walls and traps in it.
This is a sad day for me, I have been running one of these with OpenWRT for a long time and they are absolutely stellar. I was hoping for a new version at some point, perhaps with some higher clock speeds for higher peak loads, but oh well, it was a good run. Thanks, PCEngines!
But you don’t have to monitor or respond to DMs. Your profile can contain a suggestion to use email. On Github, the README or whatever for your project can ask developers to please email patches, or fork, but that you don’t pay attention to Github pull requests.
the problem with the space shuttle is that it's minimum payload was an airplane with room for 7 people. it's like if you wanted to mail someone a letter so you put the letter in a van, and called a towing company to send the van.
Slightly edited definition from NOTAM [1]:

A Notice to (Airmen|Air Men|Airman|Air Missions) is a notice filed with an aviation authority to alert aircraft pilots of potential hazards along a flight route or at a location that could affect the flight.

Might be helpful to fellow aviation-challenged folks.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOTAM
Drop a link to your bakery, I'd like to come visit!
I think latchin onto this example misses the crux of his raitonale:

> In OpenBSD there is a strict requirement that base builds base. So we cannot replace any base utility, unless the toolchain to build it is in the base.

> Such ecosystems come with incredible costs.

Basically, the cost of adding rust to the OpenBSD base system currently far outweights the proposed benefits (reimplement fileutils), especially considering people will probably not want to pour in the effort needed to rewrite those with strict POSIX compliance (which is another requirement).

He's not saying rust isn't useful but that it wouldn't be a net benefit to have a hard dependency on it in the base system. In the BSD world folks take a very strict and conservative view of what can go in base (and for good reason IMHO).

This is different from the GP comments about just making it possible to use rust programs/libraries in OpenBSD, so we're definitely on a tangent here.
CVE-2023-21971 in OpenJDK's MySQL Connector: RCE and Unauthorized DB Access
I tried rpmalloc in my application ~5 years ago. For the particular malloc pattern in my code, rpmalloc was much slower than glibc, musl and jremalloc. Tcmalloc was the fastest IIRC, but it had large overhead on memory. My reflection was that an allocator good in a few benchmarks may not indicate its real-world performance.
ok maybe complicated is the wrong word, but my understanding is that full-flow staged combustion was rated as very hard to develop verging on impossible a decade or two ago

https://everydayastronaut.com/raptor-engine/

https://hackaday.com/2019/02/13/the-impossible-tech-behind-s...
Not that I am aware of, apart from the problem of implementation and design/documentation starting to drift apart ... but as you surely know this is not a problem with SM per se.
Physicist here, I agree with you 100%
Phenomenal quote from the article above:

> She reportedly had no issue with the “the mother of Landsat” moniker her peers gave her. “Yes, I like it, and it’s apt,” she said. “I created it, I birthed it, and I fought for it.”

As someone in the remote sensing industry, we really do owe her a great debt. The legacy and ongoing contributions to both science and the overall economy from the Landsat program are difficult to understate. The fact that the USGS has made the Landsat program fully open only accelerates that.
> Hussain awarded the man — who had originally been seeking $6 million in damages — $500,000 in moral damages.

He should have gotten nothing.
This "suddenly requirements change" is why I get instantly wary whenever I see a boolean column like `completed` in a design.

Sure, you start with two explicit states. But then you add `deleted` and now you have four states, whether you know it or not. Then there's talk of adding a third boolean column, and folks are wondering what it _means_ to be "deleted" but not "completed" and whether that is a valid state, and pretty soon the team is reinventing the concept of a state machine without any of the vocabulary that makes it straightforward.
> Commercial and industrial entities.

And who are they selling to? At the end of the day, it's feeding us, the consumers

> What can I even say here? Why are you speaking for me?

An annual home/family income of more than 50k USD before tax puts you in this 5%. I think this covers the vast majority of people here
Apparently he's called Poutine in Quebec as well which leads to a literal "freedom fries" situation as Quebecois restaurants that serve the dish avoid mentioning it by name to avoid controversy: https://montreal.ctvnews.ca/quebec-diner-drops-poutine-from-...
This is the thing entirely. So much of the NSFW content is abusive.

The HN crowd is mostly safe from such attacks so this is a real blindspot.
uk.maven.org went offline years ago, although it's still listed in the mirror metadata at https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/.meta/repository-metada...

If anyone who can fix that is reading, there's an issue here: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MNGSITE-471
My college engineering curriculum dedicated an entire class to the topic of failure modes, edge cases, testing, SOPs, etc., and it was something professors in multiple departments took pains to teach us (and warn us about)—even in the humanities and arts. Hell, even just putting units on everything was something my teachers drilled into us since grade school. That education has informed every aspect of my professional practice.

Now that I am old, an important part of what I do is teaching others what I've learned, because if experience has taught me anything, it's that people don't just magically figure things out. Formal education and mentorship are as vital to my younger colleagues' success as they were to mine.
> As you say, state machines are the best thing around.

Pretty sure that's not what vemv said. Trying to put words in their mouth is very much not cool.
> Your sources root is also your output root

Only if you learnt to program by reading Microsoft examples. Unix developers do not mix compiled files with source files.
TikTok’s algorithm keeps pushing suicide to vulnerable kids
I don't understand how the website in question can avoid a direct defamation suit. While I don't really sympathize with Google in this case because they're somewhat kingmakers as they craft their search algorithms, and therefore not impartial, surely he can find someone to target in an actual defamation case.

Either the author of the article or the owner of the website. If it's not possible to determine the owner of the website then the registrar needs to be raked over the coals. We all have to keep our details up to date every year, presumably for exactly this kind of reason (and yes, I know you can lie, but at that point you lose the domain).
Why do mirrors flip left-and-right but not up-and-down?
*Cough cough* rum, sodomy, and the lash *cough cough*
Just speaking strictly on a moral level, there seems to be a qualitative difference between Google saying "Joe is a pedophile" versus "That guy Bob over there is saying that Joe is a pedophile". The first statement is either true or false. The second statement is inarguably factually true and casts no moral judgement on Joe.
I mean what a silly place to argue from. Was the norman conquest of england lawfully achieved at the time?
Not with mine. You have your trackpad set reverse to mine which is default in some systems because kids expect it to work more like a smartphone/tablet rather than a scroll wheel.
The website owner might not have 500k to fork over if they lose the suit.
I have a bunch of my grandpa's professional tools from the '30s-'60s. Other than a motor failing in his electric drill, I've never had problems.