skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It happens. The Feds changed the rules of civil procedure back in 2006-2008 to eliminate most excuses to produce information.

Prior to that, you could go the court and say your Exchange backup restorations would be difficult or impractical to do at reasonable cost and try to get the other party to pay or share cost. Now, the judge would laugh at you if you responded that way.

Google culturally has a small company mindset about this stuff, plus they are really rich so they can buy their way out of trouble. Now that HN people are talking about these issues, you can be sure some attorney or regulator will find a way to screw the company over good, as things like this are dumb.
Which implies the brain has more than a structural bias for language; ie language and/or knowledge is somehow passed genetically.

There's some reasons to suspect this is at least partially true, but to what extent is unknown and contraversial.
I bias towards keep rather than discard both because cost is low and because the tools are getting better. About 20 years ago I even realized I don't need to discard the blurry pictures because someday they might be recoverable or otherwise useful (that day is probably here).

And as personal (local) search gets better with smarter systems it may be that future codebases will surface interesting insights or memories of some long ago event or activity as it can do with photos today.

However when my parents pass on I will discard all the landscape photos and and all the photos of long dead relatives I only met as a kid and don't even remember. Some of those are quite meaningful to my mum and dad, but are meaningless to me.
The judge can tell the jury in a jury scenario to make an adverse inference; ie assume that whatever “bad” thing in question was said in the missing communications.

This is an area where individual conduct doesn’t matter until it does. Irritating judges is a risky affair.
Another lifelong American checking in with "bathroom". I've lived up and down the East coast, and "bathroom" would have been normal to hear anywhere, alongside "restroom". "Washroom" would be a very distant 3rd option.
Google operates exactly like a criminal organization would. It's that simple, and we should talk about it in that way, because that is what it is. A huge portion of their business is effectively racketeering, and we should be putting Larry, Sergey, and Sundar in prison. RICO provides some tools to effectively bring in the heads of the organization based on the actions of people under their employ.

"Nice website you got there. It'd sure be a shame if your competitors all were listed above it in search even when looking for it by exact name."
Or as Steve Job's called it, the 'bozo explosion'.
Would MicroSoft Teams meetings (including 1:1 private calls between individual employees) be converted from Voice to Text and stored? Could those turn up in FOI's or SEC requests one day, or even just be viewed by higher-ups at the company with access? I'd guess what's said in 1 on 1 calls could be quite sensitive
I know this is talking about large files like photos and videos.

And I get the whole storage is cheap line of thinking.

But there’s actually a different problem outside of photos, etc. Simply, index pollution.

I have lots of little projects on my machine. I have lots of open source code on my machine. And, while I can’t think of any specific examples, there are areas of search on that, dare I accidentally trip into that hole, are just filled with detritus and garbage.

My Spotlight is gorged with false positives for some terms. And I know that I have searched for things that I know I have, but unable to locate, or at least certainly not easily, because I was searching “wrong”.

Indexing provides lightning fast access to everything I don’t want to see.

Mind not much I plan to do about it. I guess I can take some “never again“ stuff, put them on an external drive, and tell Spotlight to ignore it.

That said also, my phone is full. About 2g free. Mostly photos and videos. Mostly my cats. Solution is simple. Need a bigger phone.
Yeah that would be a ridiculous take. He is clearly laughing at the enormous pain that attempts to delete emails would cause.
The thing in the picture won't work at all if you plug it into a USB 3.0 port so that problem solves itself. I believe Thunderbolt ports are required to provide a minimum of 15W. But overall you might be right, there is not an end-to-end negotiation that would avoid a worst-case brownout of you had a very power-hungry SSD. The SSD in the article has a high-power active mode of 7.5W max (I am not sure why it says 3.3v*3.3A on the sticker[1]) and the TB controller in the enclosure claims 1.2W, so in this case it seems fine.

It's possible to configure NVMe devices with power caps, but the 970 Evo in the article loses 95% of its performance if you cap it to 3.6W, which is its lowest operational power state.

1: Edited to say this is because mine is a 970 Evo Plus apparently the original really did draw that much current.
Look into bootable partition recovery OS like gparted
Backend For Frontend, basically a glorified API gateway

The simple result I get introducing the concept:
https://medium.com/mobilepeople/backend-for-frontend-pattern...
And it wouldn't take too many law changes to put FAANG under similar scrutiny.

Seems like it might be time.
so much for DO NO EVIL good guys.

I distinctly remember conversations with my very down-to-earth & practical tech friends in SV. they all were totally bought into the notion that google can do nothing wrong .. because conscientious engineers & management. I kept telling them all it takes is a few bad quarters & all that goes out the window. of course people looked at me like am a cynic & out of touch.
> 26 countries borrow for less than the US

This is so misleading. The U.S. is intentionally raising the rate at which it borrows to slow down its own economy. Also, the rate at which you borrow is only half the equation. You also need to consider the amount being borrowed.
Convincing employees that pay not increasing with inflation is “ok” is one of the worst things corps have done.

If they can’t match inflation you’re getting a pay cut and they are getting you for less than they did last year.
It goes back further...

The article was written in mid-2022. from https://get.ycharts.com/resources/blog/whats-the-sp-500-with...:

Given the sheer size of “mega cap stocks”—being Apple (AAPL), Microsoft (MSFT), Amazon (AMZN), Alphabet (GOOG & GOOGL), Meta Platforms (FB), Tesla (TSLA), NVIDIA (NVDA), and formerly Netflix (NFLX)—most portfolios carry noteworthy exposure to these companies.

When stripping out the entire cohort of Mega Cap Stocks, the S&P 500’s annualized performance in the five-year period ending February 28, 2022 would have fallen to 6.98% from 15.17% annually—a reduction of more than half. The index’s standard deviation would have seen an improvement of 4 percentage points, but the lost returns seem to sting more than the reduced volatility.

The pattern persists in each full calendar year since 2015. When each Mega Cap Stock is hypothetically excluded from the S&P 500’s total return, the index suffers. Notably, 2020’s 18.4% total return for the S&P 500 would have been a mere 3.3% had the eight Mega Cap Stocks been excluded, by our calculations.

Only in 2022 (year-to-date, through February 28, 2022) would removing the Mega Cap Stocks have actually boosted the S&P’s growth.
consultancy is just part of it. They fund many open source projects. They support them commercially. They aren't a Deloitte or Accenture.

Linux Kernel, Various JBoss Software (Keycloak is cool), OpenShift, OpenStack, Kubernetes, and more [1]

[1] https://redhatofficial.github.io/#!/main
The G502 is a phenomenal mouse
"Wow, that would suck for me. Guess I'll be telling my customers to find me on Bing. Not to mention supporting the trade and industry organizations that will be putting the message out, via ad campaigns, that Bing is the better option."
What’s the problem with all devices connecting to a vpn server running somewhere?

I mean, the usual access VPN solution. It’s not peer to peer, but you can set up or rent a server near clients, like in the same city.
It's based on vehicle weight, not height, and it qualifies the vehicle to be written off for tax purposes as a business truck, for business expenses prima facia.

It basically allows you to depreciate it over 2-5 years. That's it. Pay back the value difference in taxes when sold.

There was a brief Bush era credit on top of this, long expired, but that still haunts the interwebs with rumors of still being prescient. It's not.

Iirc, the weight cutoff is currently something like 7000 lbs, and many suvs have nominal weights of 7001 lbs, with submodels that are 6999 lbs, for locals where getting taxed as a business vehicle is a bad thing.

(Unless by taxed you meant CAFE accounting, which is different.)
Right, still stupid to be issuer paid, but there's also not a lot of great alternatives I suppose.
Ideally it would be buyer paid, but then you have a chicken&egg problem that buyers don't want to pay for ratings on securities they don't buy, and they don't know which to buy if they aren't rated yet.
Security purchasers were obviously doing insufficient due diligence & research on products, taking ratings at face value.
It's like if you saw CNBC mention some upgrade of Rivian to a "buy rating" by Goldman, and said "OK then I am buying it", without doing any research.

Anyway, some structure was put in place by the government settlements.
For example in Moodys government they agreed to:

* Separation of Moody’s commercial and credit rating functions by excluding analytical personnel from any commercial related discussions and excluding personnel responsible for commercial functions from determining credit ratings or developing rating methodologies;

* Changes to ensure that specified personnel are not compensated on the basis of the company’s financial performance;

and a few other things

The separation of concerns seems similar to the Dotcom implosion era settlements to how equity research could be paid, and that they had to be firewalls off from the parts of the bank bidding on equity/debt/loan offerings with the companies that research reports were being written on.

Probably the biggest outcome was that the market now understood credit rating agencies are barely worth the bytes they are recorded in, and they are taken with large grains of salt now.

So far from perfect, but also far from the narrative of "nothing changed".. like much in life.
The frustrating part was that the requirement was only checked by the installer, so you could put the drive in a supported machine[0] to install, then swap it back and it would run fine. I think there was a similar thing with a processor speed check on Leopard[1]. There were also third-party workarounds if you didn't have access to a supported Mac. I had a friend who always had the latest and greatest, so I borrowed his machines to upgrade my last-year's-models.

0: https://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200512110741388...

1: https://lowendmac.com/2007/unsupported-os-x-10-5-leopard-ins...
R-Core Transformers
Highly recommend Exercism. Great way to explore and learn various languages.

They also have a Vlang track too (https://exercism.org/tracks/vlang).
Sorry, this quote made me lose my cool for a moment. I admit that it wasn't a constructive comment.
There will be different definitions for related concepts but I reckon the parent comment is referring to "surge capacity"
While it's admirable to hoard everything, and future historians (read: most likely inquisitive relatives) might be lucky enough to inherit one of your archives that hasn't succumbed to bit rot (which, even with proper storage, may be well under 10 years), don't overlook the relatively simple way to maximize the chances of your images being enjoyed by people in the future and today: make prints!

The best way I've found is to make photo books. Most companies use print technology that lasts upwards of 200 years https://your-digital-life.com/long-will-photo-books-last/. Print a few books, give them to a few relatives, and you can be assured that the best of your photos will be viewed for decades to come. This way you can share your best while still hoarding that archive of every. last. photo.
I don’t understand though, why upon learning the government does something poorly the first reaction would be to replace it with private contractors rather than demand your government does better? Some things are public services and shouldn’t be profit motivated.
Have you tried using a fifo file?
Yes I code, a few million+ SLOC in geophysics | imaging | GIS | et al, but more and more I consult on policy with companies and local to Federal government in Australia on the back of having an engineering | applied math background.

Agricultural and farmers might seem inefficient but they add national resiliency.

Pre COVID meat packing in the USofA may have been hyper efficient on paper but it broke hard under stress; too many concentrated assembley lines that put too many people too close together in too few places in total.

Day to day one of my favorite redundancies is the triple bowline for multiple anchors - under load if one anchor fails the knot rebalances load to other anchors and slowly contracts the "dead" loop with no sudden jerk.

[TEXT]: https://www.survivalworld.com/knots/triple-bowline/

[VIDEO]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O81l4ss4Dqk
What makes a biological network a genetic algorithm?
Yet we learning from 18 hours of ultra high resolution video per day (x2), along with 18 hours of reinforcement learning, along with 18 hours of audio and 18 hours of nerve stimulus data.

This is assuming we are learning nothing during sleep, which probably isn't true.

By the time a person is 21 years old, they have been trained on at least 1 petabyte of data.

By two years old, about 125TB of data. It makes LLMs look quite good in comparison.
The compute cost is a challenge for amateurs and Europeans. In United States, investors will throw frankly quite ludicrous amounts of money at you if you show promise.
That's not how the scientific process works. You use your intuition to make a theory, sometimes loosely based on data, and then you come up with an experiment to test it.

We both agree that Kepler was trying to fit curves. But that's not what Newton was trying to do. Newton was trying to explain. Newton's model did not fit the data better than Kepler's model until far after they both died.

Newton's model, to Newton had more loss than Kepler's model.

But it turned out 70 years later that Newton's model was better, because it's only then that there was any data for which it was a better prediction.

You're similarly wrong about Bohr. If all you were interested was to find the emission spectra of hydrogen, there's absolutely no reason you'd try to come up with the Bohr model. Why? Because Rydberg already made a formula that predicted the emission spectra of Hydrogen, 25 years earlier.

The entire point of Bohr's model and of Newton's model is that they weren't empirically better at predicting the phenomena. Indeed, simple curve fitting came up with equations that are far better in practice, earlier.

But they were better at explaining the phenomena.

And that only became relevant because after we had these models, we came up with new experiments, informed by these models, which helped us understand them and eventually push them behind the breaking point.

It's not a curve fitting experiment. We already had better curve fitting models far before either of those was invented. If your goal was to reduce the loss, they'd be useless and there would be no point coming up with them.

That's the difference between the scientific method and mere regression.
if you think thats criminal, you should look up what they do with android anti fragmentation agreement.
> I haven't watched baseball since the 2016 World Series, so I might give it another go after all. I read through the rule changes and I can see how they might upset some "real" fans, but as a "fake" fan they sound fantastic.

As a "real" fan myself, I think it's great! Watching a batter step out of the box, spit, adjust their batting gloves and/or their athletic supporter, take a couple of shadow swings and then step back in after every pitch doesn't make the game better. Nor does a pitcher who stalks around the mound for half a minute, then shakes off the catcher six or seven times (it's almost always going to be a fastball when that happens anyway), sets, then steps off the rubber and goes through the whole rigamarole again. Yuck!

The larger bases and limits on throws to bases are fine, and banning the "shift" is wonderful!

It used to be (in fact, the "shift"[9] was first deployed against CY Williams[10] in the 1920s, but was much, much more famously used against Ted Williams[8], as he refused to do as Wee Willie Keeler[0] counseled and "hit 'em where they ain't.") that hitters would change their approach, i.e. "situational hitting"[1], but with the rise of analytics and focus on "three true outcomes"[2] and "launch angle"[3], using the shift became ever more effective because most hitters started just swinging for the fences every. single. time.

Which, combined with the "shift" makes watching the game much less enjoyable, even if it does provide some statistical[4] advantage.

Sure, I'd love to see my team win more games, make deep post-season runs and, hopefully even win the World Series.

That said, my team doesn't mail me a check when they win a game or the World Series. As such, I'd much rather see dynamic play (these guys really are amazing athletes) without the focus on the "three true outcomes."

There are two rule changes (not implemented this year, but during the pandemic and since retained) that really chap my ass: the designated hitter[5] in the National League and the "ghost runner"[6] on second base during extra innings[7].

So, no. It doesn't upset real fans (in fact, most of the response has been really positive so far -- not least because games are ~30 minutes shorter than last year) who really appreciate the game, IMNSHO.

[0] https://www.baseball-almanac.com/quotes/quokeel.shtml

[1] https://baseball.tools/baseball-situational-hitting/

[2] https://sabr.org/journal/article/the-growth-of-three-true-ou...

[3] https://www.mlb.com/glossary/statcast/launch-angle

[4] If the game itself is the "meat and potatoes," statistics is the "gravy" everything is steeped in. Many, many decisions are made both in-game and to evaluate players based on statistics; and player greatness (e.g. Hall of Fame inductions), it permeates almost every aspect of the game.

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designated_hitter

[6] https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/mlb-ghost-runner-rule-lea...

[7] https://www.baseballbible.net/what-are-extra-innings/

[8] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Williams

[9] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infield_shift#History_in_Major...

[10] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cy_Williams
That's true, but for SSD you have to deal with TLC and QLC. Pick your poison I guess.
I guess smoke signals, semaphores, hand gestures, and communicating via silly walks is not covered by the SEC. Also, white handkerchief out at 9 am means meet me at the pub tonight?

Only half-joking. I really wish I knew how this works.
Yes, these settings were chosen specifically to destroy evidence, and the courts are increasingly unhappy with that. All conversations involving people on legal holds (such as the CEO!) should be retained indefinitely.
If you have a policy or procedure, what you’re suggesting is ok in most companies.

There’s no law that says that you need to keep security camera footage for any length of time. If your practice to to retain for 7 days, and you get a subpoena to provide it 10 days later, no problem. But if you are directed to retain footage from February 30th, or have a reasonable foreknowledge that you should keep the footage, you’re in trouble.

The answers vary by company. If you sue or investigate people all of the time, you want to keep everything forever. If you get sued frequently, you want to get rid of the data as soon as practical. If you consciously don’t create records for matters that aren’t confidential, people are probably going to infer something.
I did a bit of looking. Phone lines, at least western ones, did provide 50VDC. Some rural loops used range extenders at 100 or 130VDC. They also applied 20Hz 90~150VAC to ring the phone.

So those could be DC blocking capacitors for the signal. They could also be for the ringer, where they'd block the DC to prevent burning the coils out, and pass the AC through. You'd need a relatively large film capacitor to pass ~10mA 20Hz 150V with safety margin.
No. You are allowed to communicate by voice and it isn’t recorded and compliance will allow it. However it depends what you are doing. If you are trading, it better be on a recorded line. See FINRA Regulatory Notice 20-16 for reference.

In fact, many Zoom conversations are expressly forbidden from being recorded at many financial firms. Again, that’s because no one is using zoom to make trades so there isn’t a requirement to record them and financial firms also don’t want to have to pay to keep things stored just so some lawyer can hit them with discovery.

A big current issue is when you use written correspondence that is not part of a system of record. See Finra Regulatory Notice 17-18 for details on that.
> I think Microsoft has put Sony in an impossible spot and, with the Activision merger about to go through

MS is being accused that they cant innovate themselves and have to buy other companies for their innovative product. This acquisition is just supporting that claim.
Americans are struggling to pay off their car loans
Capacitive Coupling
>I admit I don’t know whether something like un-logged IRC would be allowed, but at the very least, any IRC clients that do log the history even for the purpose of displaying it locally after a crash and restart would themselves create a discoverable record subject to any applicable preservation obligation.

This logic gets absurd when you push it to the limits. For instance, any sort of VOIP call would imply deletion, since the voice packets have to be buffered in memory for it to be decoded and played back. At least with respect to copyright law, the interpretation is reasonable. For instance, intermediary routers that copy packets as they pass through do not commit copyright infringement. pictures/videos that get cached on your device also doesn't count as copyright infringement.
“Value small caps” is the consensus among Ben Felix viewers, but not really outside of that group as far as I know. He’s very convincing but I’m not sure I’d recommend everyone does that, compared with buy and hold S&P 500 or total market index.
Is there an actual need to warehouse internal employee communications (all employees, not just the execs) for ever?

In the event of a data breach can an excess of silo'd communications prove harmful and lead to regret that it was ever kept?
> The article doesn’t answer the question of why these laws aren’t enforced when it comes to prolific offenders.

Here is an article that does: https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/manhattan-da-alvin-brag...
Variable annotations were only added in Python 3.6. Defining a typed namedtuple in Python 3.5 looked like this:

Foo = typing.NamedTuple('Foo', [('a', int), ('b', str)])