skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Except basic microeconomics demonstrates that profit is maximized when production is raised to the point where marginal revenue equals marginal cost.

Basic microeconomics demonstrates that this holds true _in a competitive market_. The record profits tell us that prices have come decoupled from marginal cost, from which we can conclude that major egg producers have been allowed to merge to a point such that the market is no longer competitive.
It could be motivated indefinitely when you give it a single prompt (or use a while loop to continously feed it a motivating prompt) so this should be a trivial thing to overcome.
It's unfortunate that the spec doesn't contain custom fields to a sub-object like other RPC specs, like proto Status [1]. They should have had the message go into a field named "message" and not "detail". And have a field like "details" where the opaque type is serialized, which should be named by the "type" field. The problem is that systems with existing error types may have field name conflicts with type, title, status, detail, or instance, so we'd just dump the actual error into a custom "extension member" which by definition, isn't standard.

[1] https://github.com/googleapis/googleapis/blob/1c8a25ab153eef...
I learned this technique in the mid 70s, but I didn't attend MIT. I still remember a math class in 1973 that was sort of rowdy. One of the students was presenting. He wanted to draw a circle on the board, but there were actual, occasional, spitballs. If he took his eyes off of the class he would have been a sitting duck. Not to be deterred, this student, Kem, stood at the chalkboard facing the class with a piece of chalk behind his back, touching the board near the bottom. He swung his arm out and up and, at the same time, began to pivot around. His chalk went up to the top of the board, all the way around, and back to the bottom just as he turned to face the class again. The circle was elegant, no one had time to launch a spitball, and he gained another level of respect in the class - he already had a lot.
Well sorry this is what I meant with AI upscaling vs old regular upscaling which doesn't make stuff up.

It's like when Ryan Gosling faces started being hallucinated into generated images because of overfitting of his image in the training data set
Those create a shadow of what you write, because the glass creates a gap between the writing and the white background, right?
Show HN: A Tool to Speak Better That Uses the Dictionary and Stable Diffusion
Ethics and feelings don't make money or keep food on the table.

Do you have any suggestions on how to improve that situation?
Ban trade?

Why ban trade between consenting adults?
Just raise the barriers for contribution. Can't have completely open systems and simultaneously not have them be cesspools of spam and malicious packages.
E.g. either get approval from N contributors of existing highly regarded packages, or pay an administrative fee for publishing new packages.
RFC 2606: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2606.html

The problem with standards is no one ever reads them. This was published in 1999.
This is a very naive take. Out best psychologists aren’t using their expertise to solve mental health but to hack them. What makes you think people will use LLMs for good? It’s far more profitable to do bad with it.
I don’t think anyone would debate the futility of the situation the victims found themselves in. I guess the main thrust of this “urban myth” is that the people that developed it didn’t realise the intent. You’re obviously far better read on this topic than I so I will defer to your assertion that they did.

EDIT I remember my source it was that news show with the English guy .. John Oliver … he was doing a special on how brutal death by lethal injection was. That it wasn’t humane and it wasn’t developed scientifically because you could never get medical scientists to develop such a thing, and he drew parallels to cyclon B. He could well have been perpetuating that myth or his researchers could have been.
“the nonprofit research group Center for AI and Digital Policy”

Uh huh. mentally filing this group into “AI grifters to be ignored”.
A simpler explanation is there's just a LOT more fentanyl on the streets now then there use to be. And then, it's very potent and easy for users to overdose. It's easy to make the jump from those two factors to a rapid increase in fentanyl addiction and deaths. If you remove one of those two factors then you reduce the increase in addiction and death. So either reduce the amount of fentanyl on the streets or reduce the risk of overdose. I think Narcan being made OTC recently is an attempt at reducing the risk of overdose ending in death at least.
He is talking about interstate warfare. I am talking about the almost inevitable organized terrorism that we're going to see if people start identifying this as an imminent threat to their survival. I think turning America into Syria is a bit more violent than iran and israel blowing up each other's stuff.
> Probably an unpopular opinion... but I have become really dissuaded with the Node ecosystems dependence on seemingly boundless dependency trees.

I wouldn't be quite so dramatic about that; HN as a collective loves complaining about NPM and dependency trees. (At the same time, it loves complaining about NIH syndrome. Although I suppose existent but limited dependency trees are far from an impossibility.)

E.g., https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35243196, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35210975, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35070210, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34940437, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34932957, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34785080, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34779769, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34768828, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34708290, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34686056, ...
I've always considered myself a low-to-mid quality speaker. Like many people, I just naturally learned to talk, forming patterns and habits that have hardened over the years. My limited vocabulary is my most obvious weakness. I rarely expand the words and phrases in my verbal repertoire. But I also am surprisingly poor at enunciating certain words. And I won't even go into my constant use of "umm" filler words...

A few months ago, I started to experiment with a tool that takes a dictionary word as part of a Stable Diffusion text prompt and then outputs a picture. The objective is to speak about the generated picture using the dictionary word. The speech is recorded and then can be judged on various dimensions (tone/words/style/etc). Currently, the tool defaults to peer-to-peer anonymous judging, but there is also a private mode where all the audio stays local to the device.
>From a purely logical point of view, humans and machines need each other

The implication of ASI is that humans will not be needed, or it definitionally could not be ASI.
As a former super commuter (90min to 3hrs one direction), I enjoyed aspects of the structure: the forcing feature of public transit made sure I got to and out of the gym before work, and I would get to listen to audiobooks when not working on the train.

However, the forcing feature has major drawbacks that can be made up in other ways. The scales are so tipped against commuting that you have to do mental gymnastics to justify it. More and more, I realize we need walkable cities and walkable commutes.
Yes! This is fairly common. It usually happens when the power leads pick up a small amount of electricity via induction. You can place a compensator near the fixture to take care of it. (Basically a high voltage capacitor)
Is it common to randomly browse npm for packages to use? Sure AI can create a copy of existing package with malware in it, but so can anyone else. It is harder to fake years of posts and community around a package that anyone might actually use.
And I guess he is particularly thinking about us humans.
I disagree that the code is "correct". TypeScript warns for passing too many arguments to functions in other contexts even though that could also be called "correct" because even though it works, it was probably unintentional.
The only way this will ever happen is if ChatGPT and others like it become fully open source.

Relying on the likes of Google, Facebook, Twitter, and Microsoft to do your thinking for you turns the very act of development into an app store submission. If they don't like what you're doing or think you're too much of a competitor, they will lock you out. They will take your work and either discard it or use it for their own purposes. Leaving you dead in the water because you don't have anyone that knows how to do anything because they let the AI do their thinking for them.

Does it not strike anyone else how terrifying it is that we are headed toward a future where everything you do is owned by big tech? Or how we are being conditioned to think how big tech says we should think, or else you don't get to play?

Say we do wind up using something like ChatGPT for everything. In a generation, everyone's mind will have atrophied to the point that even the most basic tasks will be impossible. Most people already can't do basic arithmetic in their head, spell, count change, read a clock, or remember their schedule because of the reliance on computers and phones. Without people having to engage their brain to do anything, it will turn into some kind of Zombieland.
What is your operational definition of "hostile to human life" here? What's the most recent period (based on our best knowledge) during which the planet met that definition?
Depends on the information, do you want to open source the manufacturing process for hydrogen bombs?
Companies do strange things for accounting reasons. For example, going all in on cloud, especially if you're a huge company who can afford the upfront costs of on-prem infrastructure and can reap the savings.

It turns out that buying equipment for on-prem is capex and only tax-deductible once, whereas a cloud subscription is opex and tax-deductible year over year. So it makes financial sense to go with cloud, even if it seems counterintuitive at first because on-prem is cheaper before you apply these accounting concerns.

I think something similar applies with hiring when interest rates are low.
I was in a school in the UK during the 00s and I have OK memories. It had Latin in the curriculum, so I think we can conclude Latin does not correlate with fondness of memories.

The teachers used annoying 'SMART' boards and if they ever got board marker ink on them they would freak out.
It should be noted that Tutanota is a German-based encrypted communications company. I fully believe that they stand behind privacy and other such values, but they're not exactly a neutral party here.

If Germany would get the image of being a privacy hellscape, their business could get in trouble.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uEmX5XClPY
Nowadays that dark mode is in vogue, chalkboards should get a renaissance over whiteboards, right?
Right, you can be anonymous, but only if the money you make anonymously is never used to pay your rent. What's the point?
As long as the conversion was done at the exchange rate at the time the grant was given, I would say it doesn’t matter.

But taking an ancient bounty and multiplying it by an exchange rate from years later would definitely be silly.
The degree to which employers are willing to accommodate employees (with expendable benefits, etc.) is directly correlated with the expendability of said employees. If you're a 200k/yr programmer with a 60k cost to hire, you can expense whatever you want. If you're a 20k/yr cashier then you cannot. Are you suggesting this should change? If yes, can you elaborate as to why?
We should study it seriously, but it's worth noting even the article you linked to (which seems to be pretty biased, it should be noted) suggests the Portuguese model is far from a simple silver bullet:

> Despite encouraging results, conclusions indicate that these policies are marked by contradictions and ambiguities that have permeated its history since the very beginning, and modest ambitions, particularly regarding the implementation of harm reduction measures. Moreover, the polemical Supreme Court judgment that reestablished, in 2008, drug use as a crime when the quantities at play exceeded those required for an average individual’s use for 10 days, might have impacted the landscape of drug use penalization. The last decade saw an increase of punitiveness targeted at drug users, including criminal sentences of jail terms.

But it's hard to take the article entirely seriously when it acts as if the goal is, in their words, "emancipate drug use from the stigma that associates it either with crime or pathology," and it opposes acting as if drugs are a problem:

> Finally, casting drugs as malevolent agents that allow classifying users as bad or sick (or both) became a fabrication that eases the stigmatization of users and human rights violations.
There's a lot wrong with LEDs in general and retrofit (E27 bulbs) in particular. In no particular order

- LED emitters driven hard for cost reasons, age and fail quickly

- Power supplies driven hard for cost reasons, age and fail quickly

- Poor CRI and SSRI

- Flickering

- Dim-to-warm is uncommon

- Poorly designed power supplies that age and fail quickly

- The same light quality is vastly more expensive to achieve with LEDs, even if you account for high electricity prices. Good indoor lighting is now something only people with plenty of disposable income can afford.

- It is quite difficult to even buy high quality LEDs as a mere mortal

- Retrofits generally work poorly on principle

- LEDs mix exceptionally poorly, making things even more expensive
> The meaning of “controlling” in this context has a long legal precedent that is not overridden by this bill.

Thank you. I am not a lawyer but watching all the internet panic over this bill has had me wanting to smash my head against a wall. I don't think people understand that our legal system is based on precedent* and not just whatever broad argument an internet person wants to make based on their own selective interpretation of the terms.

(*As long as we're not talking about voting rights or abortion.)
That is literally what I remembered about the supermarket, so that is what I searched. It is a supermarket in Poland, not a Polish one I believe.

P.S. It was not Biedronka! it was Auchan, and I thought Auchan started with K, because of the bird.
I promise you the city I live in now is not accurately described as liberal, and I'm minutes away from rural areas. This state is in fact one of the top 10 most rural states.

I'm familiar with the Arbery tragedy. You're extrapolating from this and maybe other high-profile cases to make the argument that there are racists all over the country who are willing to kill. The actual data paints a different picture, with there having been anywhere from five to ten thousand reported hate crimes annually over the past decade or so, with only a few tens of those being murders. Statistically you're about as likely to be killed by a lightning strike as someone murdering you due to your race.

Your claim that people are "discriminated against regularly", of course, is too vague for me to counter.
You could enlighten us with some explanation and sources. We're mostly not Germans after all.
I was referring to the initiation of his terrorism. There was no prior warning to that. The' warning' he gave, was less a warning and more a threat.
> I have heard that newer LED Bulbs now have some kind of built in obsolescence. This is from someone I know who is an engineer working for the US military.

BigClive covers this issue a fair amount on his Youtube teardown videos. It's not exactly built-in obsolescence, so much as being built to cost.

The cheapest way to build an LED bulb is to minimize the number of components. Instead of spreading the light emission out over a couple of dozen LEDs, it's cheaper to use a handful of LEDs but really overdrive them with high currents.

The result is a bulb that's cheap to make, but in ordinary use the chips and phosphors inside will run at high temperatures and degrade much more quickly. This effect will be even more pronounced with enclosed fixtures (like ceiling lights) that have little to no ventilation.

Manufacturers could design their way out of this by increasing the component count (spreading the light generation over more LED chips at lower current), but that's an expense that doesn't translate well to a brand or marketing claim. As it stands, ordinary consumers are unlikely to try to exercise their warranty on a bulb that fails after 1,000 hours rather than a rated 3,000 or so; there's no reason to expect that "this bulb is more expensive but will last a really long time" would make it in the consumer-facing market.
Would someone like to port it to Vulkan so we can try this out on mobile?
For how long? LEDs produce broad-spectrum light using phosphorescence activated by discrete-spectrum light. Those phosphors will glow for a few seconds after you turn them off, or if you're really sensitive you may see a glow-in-the-dark phenomenon. When you unplug a lamp or turn off a true switch, there should be no residual current.

If you are using the bulb itself to adjust the power level, like with some smart bulbs that you are supposed to leave switched on, it's possible that they never turn off the power completely for some reason. LEDs are dimmed using PWM so they may have an off setting that is like 1% of duty cycle or something, who knows.
Long story short: Its the wiring.

Could be a number of reasons but the most common is either its wired to a dimmer or similar which is leaking some current when its "switched off" or its switched on the netural side and the wiring is acting as a capacitor and letting some current flow.

EDIT: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bgUy6zA0ts
> They also made the exact code they used available.

It is unclear whether this is an ongoing contribution or was a one-time reveal after the first time Apple built curl for MacOS, but it seems unfair to say they never contributed anything except source code and exposure for a freely-licensed tool that says on the tin that you can do exactly all of the above.
The Netherlands is also infamous for its tough privacy laws but at the same time has the most phone taps per capita in the world. Your every move in traffic (both by car and public transit) is tracked and tied to your id. The police can see the balance of your bank account. UK is the same with CCTVs on every street.

There are practically no privacy laws for the government, they know everything.

I guess it’s an European thing…
Those early Cadillac taillights put me on the verge of puking. Lights on newer cars are better, but still a distraction.
It may be effectively a ban, but it's not free speech violations, so it's morally okay.
There are lots of films about that, which makes people think it can’t happen because it’s sci-if which doesn’t really make sense because the whole point of sci-fi is it makes predictions of what the future could be like

But most representations of it are probably not very accurate
I think this is the one you want: https://huggingface.co/elinas/alpaca-30b-lora-int4
TikTok passes the GDPR in Europe because they don't actually do anything bad with user data
How would that be fair?

Wouldn't giving American consumers access to what they want be the fairest of all?

Just because there's a wrong in China with their censorship, doesn't mean that adding another wrong in the US make a right.
Aye, neighbours, friends and colleagues are exactly who we should be building relationships with and relying on. No additional intervention required from governments via employers.
Why do people take time creating open source code that says anyone can use it freely and then complain when anyone uses it freely?
You can start by pulling the thread on who runs Germanys' intelligence services ..
Depending on what you mean by "smart compilers", I may not want them.

Do you mean "able to produce better error messages, and suggest fixes"? Sure, that would be great.

Do you mean "able to decide what it thinks I meant, and compile that, rather than error out on what I actually said"? I absolutely do not want that. Or at least, I want a flag to turn it off.
Legality of hacking does not matter.

The only big relevant cases are across borders and often with the endorsement or the permission of the home government.

Small scale hacking is only prosecuted when someone did something very very stupid and obvious.
How and when to push back....
I have observed that you should have solid emotional intelligence so that you can handle different personalities.

Any resources/books or leads on this topic ?
Can you please provide the source for your just $7 billion figure ? I am not sure where you quoting from.

A fairly conservative source is here:

Bilateral aid to Ukraine between January 24, 2022, and January 15, 2023
https://www.cfr.org/article/how-much-aid-has-us-sent-ukraine... .

This by itself $76.8 billion in committed aid and does not include all U.S. spending related to the war. And newer appropriations made just after Jan 2023

The non-conservative estimate:
https://www.crfb.org/blogs/congress-approved-113-billion-aid... which adds upto $113 billion in 2022.
I think this what-if has serious issues in its argumentation (though I agree with the conclusion):

The argument about reversibility is kind of a straw man: it answers "why can't you concentrate all light on a single point" while the real question would be "why can't you concentrate light on a smaller surface" (which you can do actually).

Similarly for the conservation of étendue: maybe you can't "swoosh the light rays closer together" but that also doesn't say you can't concentrate beams on a small surface, which might be sufficient to start a fire.

So really it all comes down to the thermodynamic argument, which has its own problem: it only works if you assume that moonlight has the same temperature as the moon. There's nothing in the article that mentions or justifies this assumption. And obviously a mirror can reflect light that is much warmer than itself, so you definitely have to explain why that's not the case with the Moon (e.g. its albedo and heat dissipation are too low).

(However I love the drawing of the encircling sun, it's great to make the point that no matter how much light you concentrate, it won't heat the body warmer than the light's temperature).
Hm, maybe a Boston dynamics robot could drop a USB in front of NORAD?
Kinda, but I would say that the Stasi were so reviled by the German population that the reaction by the latter against the former is why Germany tends away from the surveillance common in e.g. the UK.
Yes. I was shocked at how much a good grinder improved my coffee. I thought it might be a slight improvement, and I felt potentially stupid spending the money. But it was a 2x or 3x improvement. The only other variable that has a similar impact are the beans themselves. I'm not entirely convinced that the espresso maker itself has a huge impact, but given my (proved-wrong) skepticism about the grinder's impact, it may be worth looking into.

Or, as I see the mountain of stuff required to make high-quality specialty coffee at home, I may do what James Hoffman does and just do drip coffee. There is wisdom in the old, simple ways, and the $4k you can easily spend on a full setup is 1000 espressos made by a professional with bar better, more consistent equipment and tons of practice.
How and when to push back.... I have observed that you should have solid emotional intelligence so that you can handle different personalities.
Any resources/books or leads on this topic ?
Germany's intelligence services answer to the CIA. They do not answer to the German people or their representatives.
Best coffee I had was in Hawaii. In two different coffee shops. After spending 30k on an espresso machine, it's the beans that matter the most.