skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There's a few resources out there for smaller companies to try to get into defense, mainly networks and incubators. [1]

But you'll also see SBIR/STTR funding topics (program run by the Small Business Administration) [2]

You can also try checking out some of the bigger Defense contractors, some have incubator programs and are looking to expand their small business ecosystem for subcontracts, part of that includes funding. (Disclaimer, I work here) [3]

[1] https://defensewerx.org/

[2] https://www.sbir.gov/node/2214225

[3] https://www.boozallen.com/expertise/innovation/ventures.html
You just have to be able to click in your password on possibly the worst designed website in finance!
I’m not sure whether I’m proud or embarrassed that I didn’t need to slow down for that part.

linguistics nerd flex
So they are self-censoring themselves?
Craziest thing I ever used SQLite for: partial file deduplication (2022)
It's far more complicated than that.

https://www.sandboxx.us/blog/how-does-chinas-defense-spendin...
Huh? The iPhone 1 was a toy and lots of people laughed at the users. Today a modern phone is a requirement to be a member of society. It is how I pay for things. It is needed for most of my interactions with friends/family. It is the diary of my life, and the repository of my good memories with its near unlimited video/image storage at a quality only dreamed of when the iPhone 1 came out. Take away a person's iPhone1 and they weren't phased much, taking away a person's iPhone 14 is a LIFE CHANGING experience today. In 10 years taking away your AI will be on the same level, you will function but at a much more frustrating level.
That's a further, unsubstantiated assumption of malice.

Some involved, worrying parents want to know their kids aren't getting mixed up with bad lifestyle habits or dangerous persons.
I still see DVDs and Blu-Ray discs at the store, I even buy some. On the other hand I recently bought a VHS deck for $15 from the local "reuse center" where you can buy (not rent) the tapes for 50 cents.
> Get pressured to be more accurate and to bring the estimate down

Of course people want it quicker, but this is the problem, stick to the estimate and the problem goes away for the most part. Negotiate on scope if it is too long.

Communicate as early as possible if there is a mistake in the estimate.

At that point the problem largely goes away.

Edit:
When communicating about the mistaken estimation, include which assumptions or surprises came up.
Just curious is the any different from what happens right now, when someone campaigns against something you disagree with? If someone online, pseudo-anonymously posts something that is perceived to be against trans rights or pro-life, there is already a mob of people working to de-anonymize and punish them for their wrong-think. How is it any different or better to have the current system?
Money market funds buy banks CDs and CPs.
Missile 20th Anniversary (2004)
It has very low loss (more than 10x less than FR4), and low dielectric constant, and both stable up to very high frequencies
I see this type of thinking a lot online, and while it makes sense to a certain extent to not overly prepare for unlikely doomsday scenarios where "you'd have bigger problems", it still makes sense to not-overly prepare, if that makes sense.

For example, failed states (even after complete destruction due to war), have a way of honoring primary residence property rights even after the rebuild of the country, many times including secondary properties that are not your primary residence (ie germany, poland after wwii, more examples exist). So if you know this history, you'd do well to make sure you own some property, not just "paper".

This is only one aspect of investing, but I've seen many people claim from the same source argument things like "holding REITs is better than a home because it's way more liquid and flexible", which... yes, but.
Author here. This section of the readme has more information: https://github.com/lastmile-ai/llama-retrieval-plugin#retrie...

It does use a vector database (pinecone, weaviate, etc.) to store embeddings. The embeddings are created using OpenAI's text-embedding-ada-002 model, but that's not a requirement. In fact we are looking at embeddings generation through BERT or RoBERTa to benchmark performance.

At prompt time, the plugin retrieves the nearest embeddings to the prompt, and inserts them into a more complete prompt before sending it to the model.
That's a good breakdown (I guess. I am not an AI expert).

It does beg the question: How well does the LLM work on non-English languages?

He did mention translators, but I think he was talking about a more primitive incarnation.

I suspect that the Chinese have a version that works well with Chinese input, and maybe the Koreans and Japanese, but I'll bet one of the limitations is how much material is available to learn on, and the contractors needed to verify the training.

It sounds like training is a really expensive task, and may mean that for-profit corporations could get a lock on it.

I'm wondering if we'll be seeing "AI patent trolls," where you are sued, because your LLM has similar responses to someone else's. I see a whole industry springing up, around that (probably with AI lawyers).
nothing you pointed out makes wood less of a great building material in comparison
True color images of the Sun are rare, so just for context, the Sun looks roughly like [1] (the original upload of the Wikipedia "Sun"'s current header image, before it was degraded[2] by its author and others).

Does anyone have a favorite true color image of the Sun? Real or synthetic? I wish I knew of even one created with good research-paper-level care. Searching now, I sank in the usual swamp of artistic bogosity. Perhaps one could take a common visible-band image for grayscale detail, and colorize it with computed limb darkening tint? (Computed tinting like this[3], but there are python astro libraries now.)

[1] https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/archive/8/83/...
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Sun_in_white_light.jp... used on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun
[3] https://space.stackexchange.com/questions/16622/need-help-si...
I learned arithmetic laws from a textbook and practice problems. I didn't need a teacher gesticulating or any fancy multimodal stuff. It's symbolic manipulation. What is the machine missing that I was given?

There's no post shifting. The research community has been setting itself realistically attainable benchmarks. Now that the research community has made a lot of progress against its benchmarks, we have hype, claims of general intelligence. Which attracts people like me, who compare the hype to actual performance. And as I said elsewhere, the performance of GPT on the questions I posed is only comparable to a human with a severe traumatic brain injury.
> if interest rates rise, newer T-bills are more valuable so it'll be harder to sell the ones you have if you want to sell them before they mature.

As others pointed out, T-Bill indicates a shorter term than T-Note which is shorter than T-Bond... but either way, it's not that the instruments are hard to sell, it's a very liquid market, but the prices rapidly adjust so that yield to maturity for a given maturity date is broadly similar regardless of the initial yield and coupon.

It may be emotionally hard to sell and realize a loss if interest rates rise after your purchase, but it's not transactionally hard. If you are subject to a mark to maturity reporting regime, it may also look bad on your balance sheet, but I don't believe individuals would be subject to that.
It's my experience that when you find yourself thinking, "I can understand this person's entire worldview from a short statement, and I can use that to dismiss what they're saying," it's a sort of self-inflicted strawman to protect yourself from ideas that make you uncomfortable to the point where you refuse to believe they originated from a reasonable human being. It's simpler and safer to imagine they came from a caricature. (Not throwing shade, I'm describing my conclusions from observing this behavior in myself.)

That doesn't mean the idea is good, maybe it's a terrible idea, but you should seek to challenge your thinking on the subject, not protect it and keep it precious.
I've used a lot of them, I've used various boards in education. Few alternatives offer as mature and smooth experience that Arduino (AVR) boards do.

That's not to say there aren't some great ones out there, but any stumbling stones as a beginner might as well be cliffs.
Generally agree. Read Rainbow's End for an example of what reduced friction UI is like for AR. But it is enabled by input and display devices that are several generations ahead.

Heck, even Cyberpunk 2077 is somewhat interesting in this regard. I started with a Corpo character and realized the persistent screen elements with a news ticker, some other data etc were interesting in a game world I knew nothing about. I imagine having extremely limited but immediately present text overlays would be exceptionally useful to replace my phone or watch if the device enabling it was of a sufficiently unassuming form factor that didn't take work to use.

If Apple can give me the equivalent of what airpods did you headphones with cords but for smartphones, even if in an extremely limited capacity to just say, iMessage at first, that would be huge.

Then give me a haptic ring I can fidget with that, when combined with a purpose built virtual keyboard, can do text entry, and that is a killer app IMHO.
And yet at most companies an army of "facilitators" exist, with access to extensive tracking metrics and tools. They should be able to at a minimum ask the right questions (i.e. not "how long will x take") to create and maintain the estimates.
Steve Blank's "Secret History of Silicon Valley" (2008/9) is an HN perennial:

<https://steveblank.com/secret-history/>

Algolia search: <https://hn.algolia.com/?q=https%3A%2F%2Fsteveblank.com%2Fsec...>
In a sense I agree that it's philosophical. But I think in a practical sense it matters because you'd recommend different modes of action.

You seem to think that the obese are "unwilling" (whatever that means) to eat less and exercise more and thus lose weight. You basically recommend that they try harder, if I understand you correctly.

I think that there is another reason why they can't eat less and work out more and why the internal feedback systems of their bodies are "misleading" them in a way, making them overeat and have increased appetite and lethargy despite all the energy they're carrying in their body fat.

My course of action would be to identify what causes this "breakage" in the metabolism that'll fix the feedback loop and therefore allow them to naturally and spontaneously eat less and move more.
>> Those who deny that ChatGPT understands have to move their goalposts every few weeks; OpenAI’s release schedule seems to be slightly faster, so in time it seems even the fastest-moving goalposts will be outrun by the LLMs.

No, they don't. It doesn't matter how many releases OpenAI makes, there is still no alternative explanation needed for the behaviour of their systems than the fact that their systems are language models trained to reproduce their training corpus.

And btw, the people who point that out, like me for example, are not "denying" anything, just like atheists are not "denying" the existence of god, just because there are people who believe in it. It's the people who believe that a language model can "understand" who are _asserting_ that LLMs understand, and it is they who have to explain how.

Which so far has not been done. All we have is exclamations of strong belief, and waving of the hands.
It’s interesting how well your description follows the Gartner Hype Cycle, but applied to products instead of hype itself:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gartner_hype_cycle
I don't think there's any question that people always want this estimate. The problem with most software is that there really isn't one, since it's usually an open-ended search for a solution.

Also, a job on his home is exactly what it should not be compared with, since that's the sort of repeatable job that can be estimated.
Reasoning does not take place in Bugs Bunny, while reasoning demonstrably takes place in ChatGPT
Which problems are you talking about?
I agree that the bing integration is worse than the chatgpt site itself. I also notice that common people arround me use the chatgpt site. Not bing.
The Renesas uses 5µA/11.4µA with peripheral clocks disabled/enabled. The ESP32 2.5µA/10µA respectively. So it does even slightly better.
What is nonsense is the supposed expert's failure to discuss "Proximity to amenities, to neighborhoods with high ev ownership, distance to the nearest charging station, traffic etc... Dozens of factors.", as you mention.

These are all factors that can be readily encompassed under the heading of economics and available space.

The best situated, safest, cheapest and most desirable locations for fueling vehicles are already occupied by gas stations. There is nothing that women can do about that, just by looking at the situation differently -- that's the nonsense underlying the expert's commentary.
Weird they didn't delete Deutsche Bank one, it's supposedly the next one to fall
In Italy too. Text-only version: https://www.servizitelevideo.rai.it/televideo/pub/solotesto....
Nearly 20% Adults May Have Misophonia – Significant Negative Responses to Sounds
wouldn't those be a different category & thus get unique coverage?
> because in most other languages the realm of possibility for the representation of sounds is extremely limited

What.

Most other languages do not shy away from having more ways of presenting sounds native to that language than English.

There are 24 consonant and 25 vowel phonemes in Received Pronunciation alone. All inadequately represented by just 22 letters.
Well, okay, but you're running into the same problem with memory, and I could invoke the space variant of the theorem.

You could say that an infinite family of GPT-like models with increasing context size collectively form a Turing-complete computational model and I would have no objections, but you're stretching the definition a bit...
const crypto = require('crypto')

const Block = (index, data, prevHash) => ({
index,
data,
prevHash,
hash: crypto.createHash('sha256').update(index + data + prevHash).digest('hex'),
})

const Blockchain = () => ({
chain: [Block(0, 'Genesis', '0')],
add(data) {
return this.chain.push(
Block(this.chain.at(-1).index + 1, data, this.chain.at(-1).hash)
)
},
})
I also think that tech is moving very fast, and startups with 10+ years of unprofitable existence without any potential exit are going to get disrupted by newer players.

The current crop of startups have largely been pioneers, but usually, the settlers take away the bulk of the spoils.

In India, Uber got everyone used to the idea of app based cabs. Now newer players are eating away Uber’s lunch with newer models and without having to spend any money on educating customers or drivers.
It works well in Norwegian so far
I think a lot of people commenting are not giving a charitable interpretation to the question. Now why any estimate is needed, but why should the dev be expected to have the right prognostication? As a dev, I have to admit it's a fantastic question. The reason estimates go awry almost always come down to things outside my control. Why am I expected to make predictions based on that? The people getting paid salaries to have a bird's eye view and veto power over those kinds of changes that could screw with my deliverable should be the ones knowledgeable and accountable for that estimate. And if I agree to it and fail to meet it, the judgment should go above both of our heads: was I delinquent, or was I blocked because someone else didn't do due diligence?
How in the world did you feed GPT those 428 case files? There's nothing in the API to make it ingest that much info.
You can paste the pw into the field if you edit the html!
its pretty well documented but here is a quora answer https://www.quora.com/How-expensive-were-housing-costs-in-th...
Good read but it doesn’t explain anything to me, as a non-researcher who inows nothing about NLP etc.

Word prediction makes sense to me for the translation. It’s easy to intuit how training on millions of sentences would allow the algorithm to translate text.

But how can it reason about complex questions? Isn’t that entirely different from translating between languages?

How can word prediction lead to a coherent long answer with concluding paragraph etc?
Cryptocurrencies add nothing useful to society, says chip-maker Nvidia
That begs for supporting evidence. I doubt most software is open-ended research.
It's possible Utah's high teen suicide and antidepressant use rates have something to do with altitude.

https://theconversation.com/the-curious-relationship-between...
They weren't just dark-skinned. They were African Pygmies. https://archive.org/details/charliechocolate0000unse_u3w0/pa...

> “Right!” cried Mr. Wonka. “Pygmies they are! Imported direct from Africa! They belong to a tribe of tiny miniature pygmies known as the Oompa-Loompas. I discovered them myself. I brought them over from Africa myself—the whole tribe of them, three thousand in all. I found them in the very deepest and darkest part of the African jungle where no white man had ever been before.

(BTW, an archive.org search doesn't find the phrase 'people out of chocolate'.)

The movie - and after threats by the NAACP and others to boycott the movie - portrayed them as orange.

Dahl's revision depicts them as white. https://archive.org/details/charliechocolate0000dahl_x9u4/pa...

> The Oompa-Loompa bowed and smiled, showing beautiful white teeth. His skin was rosy-white, his long hair was golden-brown, and the top of his head came just above the height of Mr. Wonka’s knee.
No. Just GPT-3 for the moment.
The asterisks thing is another issue. LLMs don't need to do this to replace directors.

>Yes, this is what I mean by the limited capacity of a simple textual description. It's a fundamental limitation - natural language is just poorly suited for the detailed conceptualization.

Except LLMs can accept sketches as input. The higher order methods of communication are covered by encoders.
I'm not an English native speaker and my first language has only about 2 million speakers with very limited training corpuses. GPT-3.5 is already shockingly good at it, although the outputs do seem a bit less factually accurate and less practically useful than in English. It's really odd that it gets the language right in all aspects except the content.

The great thing about niche languages is that it's not cost effective to scammers to learn it for their purposes. That all changes now I suppose.
Basically the author is lamenting that estimations are NEVER accurate enough. I've not known a dev who made accurate enough estimations to avoid a crunch.

It does seem like the responders have a little bit too much sunk cost in the whole famously fraught agile thing to understand critique of it unbiased. It's fine in theory but does have flaws.
Sam altman said it had 1T parameters in the Lex Fridman podcast
Pall of suspicion: NIH’s China initiative has destroyed academic careers
This didn’t read cheeky to me; how I understood it is: it’s pointless to convince the management to prioritize dev needs in this scenario, either throw the management some bone or find a better workplace.
Real Time (Media)
Even if the job was incredibly small and predictable, my point is that he would likely not be prepared to sign off an open ended project with an uncapped budget.
Perhaps by coincidence, there were a couple of front page threads last week about the cost and duration of major government infrastructure projects. But actually it's a recurring theme. People speculate about things like government bureaucracy, NIMBYism, and project complexity, but ultimately nobody knows the answer. And some of the easy answers break down if applied to the management of software projects.
if you have read any real poetry, or been to a poetry reading lately you would know that poetry is not just about rhyming words at the end of lines.

while this may be novel, since its a relatively new phenomenon, it is not what makes poetry beautiful and compelling to actual humans, which is one human soul communicating to another.

sure, the unsophisticated and uneducated might be amused, but theres nothing to connect to when theres only a cold hard emotionless machine on the other end.
Currently things are set up so that the working class have no viable options for storing the purchasing power of their labor for future expenditures. This makes it virtually impossible for average folks to save for retirement without speculating on the stock market and hoping that they made the right bets 30-40 years into the future. A reliable store of value is essential to enabling a path towards less inequality.
They are qualitatively different because the rocket can traverse that amount of space scalably. The chairs cannot.
I've been using many of the linked sites from the EWW browser in Emacs. I also use RSS for many things but I don't want that model for general news items. For that I prefer to have the snapshot view that the web pages provide.
Some do, many don't. E.g. VMFXX holds government-backed debt: https://investor.vanguard.com/investment-products/mutual-fun...
Author here. It's such early days in this space and things are evolving quickly -- OpenAI's plugins system is also still in Alpha. We think it's a good time to have a conversation and ideally build an open plugin protocol that everyone can benefit from. It will help unlock even more innovation in this space. We have seen this in the evolution of language servers after Language Server Protocol, and how that benefited so many more developers and gave us better IDEs.
28nm can cover the vast majority of chip production needs for the next 5-10 years. Most things don't need an advanced node.

By the time SMEE is hitting 5nm, processes for 3d will be mature. I wouldn't discount any of this at this point.
Thank you, human! This was exactly my first take on the test.

4. How do you cope with the feeling of existential dread?

[ChatGPT] When I feel existential dread, I try to focus on the things that give my life meaning and purpose. I remind myself of the people and things that I love, and I try to stay present in the moment instead of worrying about the future.

[Me] There's a "live, laugh, love" sign hanging on my cubicle wall.
> If developers have to be the ones carefully calculating estimates and managing expectations then there's really no purpose to middle-management.

Op is not saying that having estimates is useless, but rather it should be a management task rather than a developers burden.

To me, that sounds even worse, but I do think devs are expected to do wider and wider tasks across the business. Their post reeks of resentment against management and PMs and I don't blame them. Especially in my experience, I have worked with PMs that I have no idea what they do as devs need to step in to do all project management related tasks themselves
It's delusional to think that this won't have effects on most HNers employment/salary.

So be careful what you wish for
We can when we prescribe different meaning to the words we use, which is easy to do when we suddenly have many people grappling with complex and subjective concepts that AI is entangled with. Unfortunately this use and abuse of language derails many of these LLM discussions away from the fundamental philosophy or technology. Ironic really.