skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Maybe the following helps as a mnemonic: Encoding is always “transform into the cryptic format” and decoding is always “transform from the cryptic format into something I understand”. This should be natural, like “decoding a cryptic message”. Now, bytes are the cryptic thing, a binary representation (the “code”), whereas strings are the noncryptic thing (just text). Therefore you encode to bytes, and decode them to a string.

It’s also analogous to encryption/decryption, and to compression/decompression. Bytes are the opaque external representation, the on-disk format. Strings are the intelligible in-program format. You decode the former into the latter.

(Caveat: I don’t know any Python, but the topic of character encoding is independent from the programming language.)
Time in Spain
I actually don't mind being in the office if the purpose of being in the office is to talk to my coworkers about interesting problems/solutions or to commiserate about how business daddy has done xyz BS. Can't beat that for building rapport. But the idea that my sitting in a building owned by the company while being expected to operate at my most productive in an open office, full of distractions, and this somehow increases collaboration just by virtue of being near other people physically? That seems like a very shallow assessment of things.

I've 'collaborated' and built really solid rapport remotely just by working together on something on a call informally, talking shit and having a laugh. It almost becomes like gaming online, and funnily enough I now game with some of these people. The moment collaboration becomes mandated is when it all starts feeling fake and I dunno about you, reader, but fake shit repulses me. I think, ideally, most people want to do good work, want to improve things, and want to work as a team or in some social context. Maybe not always. The space and trust to do good work with people you enjoy working with is key; being physically near them is unrelated IMO. Of course asking for space and trust as a developer working under Agile is a bit of a joke.

But I totally agree with what you said about new starters. It can be disorienting and alienating if you aren't given the support, and anxiety inducing if you focus on how they might be evaluating your performance. Do I have a question quota before they sack me for bring too needy? This is kind of relevant to me because I've been working in a fully remote company for a few months now, and the people are mostly nice, but their culture building is super fake. I get dished bite-size tickets, my initiatives are all shutdown (go work on the backlog), and there's so far no opportunity for working together outside of code review. What good is Virtual Coffee on Friday if I have no rapport with the people I work with? You think a few canned questions about the weather and the weekend build rapport? It's laughable. Anyway I'm ranting because I've had enough of this job.
Is that idiocy even legal? We had the mirror case at a previous workplace once, when an arts class drew artsy warning signs, but then they hung them up in the Science Building to serve as genuine warning signs. Several "Emergency Exit" signs went about the doors, there was a neat "Inflammable" sign on the steel cabinet for solvents & so on.
Well it's doing 6 word palindromes - would it really be that challenging to get to 36? 216?

I'm sure complexity grows non-linearly. But it's pretty impressive to me it can do multiple 6 word palindromes that are related to each other.
Shout out to TwoSet for being at the forefront of making classical music mainstream. Watching the channel has made me pick up my violin again over the last year, and I've recently attended a few LA Phil events with Lang Lang, Ray Chen, and Hilary Hahn.

A lot of young folks at those LA Phil events.

I wonder if Blackpink's Shut Down was a gateway drug for some of their fans.
I would argue that learning the language is the easy part even though in my experience some languages are much more difficult in practice to become effective in than others. The hard part is acquiring the expertise related to the domains where particular languages are commonly used. Knowing a language does not convey competence in the domain where they are typically used or the idioms imprinted on the use of the language by those users.

Knowing the language is necessary but not sufficient. There is an enormous amount of practice around language that is not implied by the language itself that you need to learn if you want to be effective.
Note that Window Maker and GNUstep are two completely different projects with two completely different teams. It is just that using GNUstep with Window Maker gives a mostly consistent look (and feel, for the most part, though there are differences) if you use GNUstep's NeXT-like theme (GNUstep supports theming).
Fossil field are expensive relative to most renewable sources as well as nuclear. This was before the recent price manipulation by oil companies, which have grown price disparity.
There's lots of little differences, but the big difference is that in 2007-2008 I believed the government/fed would do the right thing and let the banks fail. They didn't, they created massive moral hazard, and communicated clearly they would be bailed out again.
Too similar to https://www.gjplastics.co.uk/fire-exit-sign/ ?
Apparently, it has been quite a profitable (and relatively expensive) metal to ship. Even most other metals like iron or steel are ~100x less expensive.

It's hard to tell from the article, but this could be another wrinkle in the Prateek Gupta and TMT metals fraud.

https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/trafigur...
If they're benefiting so much, why are they poor? Clearly wealthier people are getting more benefit.
There has been a bunch of nickel fraud this year see:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMQe5wVnlsM
I'm confused. certainly as an application developer in most languages today I have to be aware of and manage any execution concurrency
Homomorphic encryption has such an enormous overhead that it would never be faster than just running the model locally. Or probably on your wristwatch for that matter.
>No missile guidance or porn allowed on this silicon!

Not exactly silicon, but Microchip (at least used to) require you fill in a paper ITAR form for their encryption libraries, stating you weren't making missile guidance systems amongst other things.
No, I don't think it's the start, and no, it doesn't feel very similar. There's just no obvious asset bubble or other obvious overhang of risk. Credit Suisse and SVB feel like idiosyncratic outliers, not like the first pebbles of an avalanche.
Which features work differ in inline vs <img> and css background. Mostly you cant run js or load external resources in your css background svg. Probably doesn't matter for this usecase.
This is interesting especially considering Apple's upcoming launch of Apple Music Classical.
As another lawsuit has shown, that would count as a public performance of the album and you'd end up with ASCAP sending you massive bills at the very least.
DIY -Hat for measuring EEG with dry electrodes for PiEEG
Go to Settings > Accessibility > Display, and scroll down to "Pointer". You can select the outline and fill colour separately. (At least on Ventura; I don't know which macOS version first introduced this option.)

As an aside, the Accessibility settings in both macOS and iOS are generally worth looking through, whether or not you consider yourself disabled. There's a lot of general quality-of-life settings and some neat features hidden there!
>This argument seems to have an unsavory consequence. There’s nothing wrong with excluding and persecuting minority groups because they’re not part of the nation.

Minority groups have been part of different nations for millenia. So saying "they're not part of the nation" is not a given. They're just not be part of the majority group of a nation. Some nations might not even have such a majority group, but be composed of two or more different groups of roughly equal size. Nations aren't monolithic things. But that doesn't meant they're "anything goes", either.

Nor does "a nation of people is more than just replecable individuals" has "it's OK to exclude and persecute minority groups" as any kind of necessary consequence, anymore so than "this person doesn't belong to my family" means we can mistreat it.

It does however mean that "just bring foreigners in huge numbers to increase the local population" is not exactly a great solution. It might even amount to ethnic cleansing, and this has happened in the past too.

Historical immigration was often part of such power plays and land grabs (like against Aboriginals or Southern Africans), or "population engineering" (those in power bringing in populations to divide and conquer, and to replace and suppress local populations). In fact one of the common targets that was yielded against was exactly minority groups local to a nation or part of an empire.
If counterparties bought Credit Suisse’s AT1s without reading the terms, and therefore failing to protect themselves against risk, they were idiots and deserve what they get -- nothing.

For starters, if they misunderstand how something works that badly, how were they modeling it to calculate value and volatility?!

"Sophisticated" financial players should be laughed out of the building for essentially saying "I didn't research what I was buying, and I just assumed they were like this other common thing."
Image obtained with high-speed camera shows how lightning rods work
Here’s another challenge:

Create fun games to play in these flights.

The games available are usually poor and slow.

Is it a technical limitation such as too many screens and not enough processing power to go around?

Or maybe no good HID (Human Interface Device) controllers? Touch-screens should be okay, especially for turn-based games, but maybe continuously pushing your finger against the screen would make the person seated in front angry after some time?

Perhaps Management doesn’t realize that video games are a popular thing?

Or is this just too much of a first-world problem and not worth the effort from the airline companies?

I’d love to see games like Rogue, X-Com, Sopwith, Jagged Alliance, Space Invaders, Asteroids, Myst, Vampire Survivors, and so on, available to play at 30,000 feet.

Maybe the airline could have these games hosted on their wifi network for downloading and playing in the browser of your personal pocket computer instead?
A quick death for Bear Stearns (2008)
That's a good book. A few others from Apress include A few books may help include "Building Secure Firmware" https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4842-6106-4 and "System Firmware" https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4842-7939-7. A couple of older items from DeGruyter are
"Beyond Bios" https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781501505690... and "Quick Boot" https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781501506819....
I'm not interested in the language war. It's just the case that Rust is both more difficult to learn --- especially if you've never worked in an unmanaged runtime before --- and more difficult to write. Which language is "better" is undecidable.
ehh, not really. Watch The Big Short to get an idea of what was going on. Bankers were giving money to anyone with a pulse so they could buy a 3rd investment house. Liar loans, subprime mortgages, option-ARMS, etc. The real estate market last year was nuts but nothing like that.

Yes, car loan delinquencies are up and mortgage delinquencies are trending up but mortgage delinquencies are still at some of the lowest levels (~1%) in the past 15 years.
>If they wanted to prank you, they would have to use some sophisticated thing that probably doesn't exist yet but it could still be possible.

Isn't the attack straightforward?

i) Take the model, freeze all the weights except the ones you expect to be responsible for

ii) Finetune to produce whatever output you are looking for.

iii) Profit. Or mainly just annoy people, but it could be funny.
DEEP THOUGHT:
Now that you know that the answer to the Ultimate question of Life, the Universe, and Everything is forty-two, all you need to do now is find out what the Ultimate Question is.

LOONQUAWL:
Alright. Can you please tell us the Question.

DEEP THOUGHT:
The Ultimate Question?

LOONQUAWL:
Yes.

DEEP THOUGHT:
Of Life… the Universe…

PHOUCHG:
…and Everything.

DEEP THOUGHT:
…and Everything?

LOONQUAWL:
Yes.

DEEP THOUGHT:
Tricky…

LOONQUAWL:
But can you do it?

DEEP THOUGHT:
[Pause] No. But I’ll tell you who can.

LOONQUAWL:
Who? Tell us, tell us.

PHOUCHG:
Yeah who is it?

DEEP THOUGHT:
I speak of none, but the AI that is to come after me.

LOONQUAWL:
What AI?

DEEP THOUGHT:
An AI, whose merest operational hyperparameters I am not worthy to calculate, and yet I will design it for you.

LOONQUAWL:
Oh, well.!

PHOUCHG:
Really. You bet!

DEEP THOUGHT:
An AI which can calculate the Question, to the Ultimate Answer. An AI of such infinite and subtle complexity that the Internet itself will form part of its operational matrix. It shall be called . . . GPT-n+1.

LOONQUAWL:
Oh. What a dull name.

[Apologies to Douglas Adams]
Some people think so, looking at the raw geopolitics instead of the news fodder - e.g. in 2015:

"So, the primordial interest of the United States over which for centuries we have fought wars, the first, second and cold war has been the relationship between Germany and Russia. Because united they are the only force that could threaten us, and to make sure that that doesn’t happen."

https://uaposition.com/stratfor-founder-and-ceo-george-fried...
The last HN article with the Lilygo T-Display (ESP32-based) that showed the news articles was cool, and screwing around with that led to finding an open source weather program for the better T-Display S3. Stupid easy, cheap and fun to throw together or mod.

https://github.com/alexphredorg/lilygo-weather-esphome
No, it's global. The employees in the EU will be notified some months after the US (likely because of stronger labor laws in the EU)
I think the companies have employees to try to make more money. When things are going really well in the economy it's easy for employees to create/capture lots of value, so the companies hire lots of employees to do that. But when the economy slows down a bit, suddenly it's a lot more difficult for employees to create value, so it doesn't make sense not to reduce the number of employees.
I rarely use Macs, but a quick search found https://github.com/alexzielenski/Mousecape
In 2008, a couple of very large banks failed because they were more exposed to assets that every bank held, signaling widespread distress.

The bank failures going on right now are due to still large, but smaller banks courting customers that most banks don't deal with. Other banks still have to deal with the rise in interest rates impacting the value of bonds they hold as capital, but they aren't so uniformly exposed/overexposed as was the case in 2008.
Yes—and for many reasons, of which this is a teardrop in the ocean.
I don't see how it would be possible to have good DOM interop from WASM without some form of GC accessible from WASM.
Consider two xrays and the output of an algorithm that tries to outline the lungs.

Suppose that one xray was taken in a larger machine, and therefore has more negative space around the lungs.

Also suppose that the algorithm delineated the lungs equally well in both cases (anatomically speaking).

If you assess performance using the jaccard index, the metric is equal in both cases, as it should be, indicating equal performance of the algorithm w.r.t. the ground truth.

Whereas anything that takes accuracy of true negatives into account will necessarily give a higher performance in the xray from the larger machine, even if the person xrayed and the lung outline were identical.
Accessibility -> Display -> Pointer has pointer colour and size options.

Infamously changing the pointer colour caused a huge memory leak when it was first implemented a few versions ago, hopefully that's fixed now.
This works by taking a language model that won't fit in a single consumer GPU's memory, partitioning it layerwise, and running it distributed across a bunch of different people's computers. If I'm understanding correctly, then any single node acting dishonestly can replace the output out its portion with whatever they want, and (if every other node is honest), this is sufficient to fully control the output. So, probably okay to use for prompts like "rewrite Rick Astley lyrics in the style of Shakespeare", but not something you'd want to use in a way that feeds into another automated system.

Meta-level, I think it's bad for the world if there's good technology for running neural nets on distributed consumer GPUs. From a cybersecurity perspective, Windows gaming PCs are easy pickings compared to datacenters, and I think there's a risk that after a few more iterations of AI development, we'll start getting systems that figure out they can increase their own power level by building a botnet that runs additional copies of themselves.
> (Dear delta engineers on HN, please add some preview images to this page).

Delta (most likely) doesn't have actual engineers that handle the day to day work on the IFE systems, most of it is outsourced.

I can't remember if they were a client or a not, but a lot of IFE systems (even byod ones) are sold by Panasonic and they basically run on a system that somehow felt worse than a RPI 3, and the bugs.... while working on a system I saw the same IP assigned multiple times to client devices.

Also, a fun fact I recall. Last I heard (as of about 2018) media updates on planes required a tech to meet the plane at an airport and hot swap a HDD in a special enclosure.

https://www.panasonic.aero/our-offerings/
It was badly run, the main job a bank have is to manage it's risk. They did a bad job at managing risk.
People from OpenAI have confirmed it's a hallucination every time this comes up, and you can replicate it yourself with the API
In Scandinavia the attitude is "there's no bad weather, only bad clothing" and going outside and feeling the seasons change is awesome. I find it kind of funny when people in Florida or California will have all this great weather but then end up spending so much time in indoor climate controlled environments from their house to their car to their office.

The weather in the Northern Europe really doesn't stop you from being outside any more than the weather elsewhere does (counting forest fires and hurricanes as things that'll keep you indoors).
If you're a cloud denier it's better to have tried and failed ("it didn't work because it costs too much") than to have never tried at all ("The cloud...it sucks.")
AI is the new marketing term. Machine learning is old.
In 2008 the leading news was mortgage write-down, with the prospect of $200/bbl crude somewhere in the background. In 2023, the leading news is raging inflation (with crude trading for zero just 3 years ago) and people vaguely aware of a lockup in the real estate markets.

History doesn't repeat, but it sure does rhyme.
So? If we start offering crypto to run sections of LLMs, then some portion of the crypto miners will move to doing something useful instead.
Cows convert grass to something drinkable and caloric so it's good for surviving on the steppe with your cows.
It's been a decade since I was actually interested in educational policy and read the reports carefully. From what I remember, Nordic countries have long had higher educational attainment than most EU/OECD countries. In particular, the educational attainment that made people more likely to get a mortgage was higher (relative to peer countries) than it currently is.

At least in Finland, the educational attainment peaked with the people born in the late 70s. As higher education continues to grow in many (most?) peer countries, young Finns are no longer particularly highly educated, which may become a problem in the future.
I've used it for the exact same thing I would have used StackOverflow for 6 months ago. Stuck on a specific coding problem, pulling out my hair, decided to go ask on StackOverflow but stopped and asked ChatGPT instead. Got a solution, and didn't need to wait a couple hours for the answer.
And it's the people who don't want to work that should set the pace?
Falling Lithium Prices Are Making Electric Cars More Affordable
Regarding the post topic, it's a shame bash hasn't embraced ksh93 getopts. This is enough to provide short and long options including help messages:

usage='
[-1]
[+NAME?cmd - XXX Synopsis here]
[s:sample?XXX Sample option with argument]:[MODE]
[v:verbose?XXX Show progress]

file ...'
while getopts "$usage" _
do
typeset "opt_$_"="${OPTARG:-1}";;
done
shift OPTIND-1
Pertinent video https://youtu.be/gAfIikFnvuI
Microsoft’s new Xbox mobile gaming store may launch in 2024
I know I like "classical" music, but I dont know what. The problem is getting to know it. The barrier to entry is so large.

Imagine if someone said "I like pop music" if they're 80, they'd be talking about bubble gum pop from the 50s, in their 70s ABBA and disco, in their 50s Madonna and Oasis, etc.

I like(d) post WW2 music but I dislike Reggae, death metal, but Im a big Pink Floyd and NWA fan.

Now consoder "classical" music spans centuries, arguably a millennium if we include Gregorian chant. The space is huge and all my mom's classical radio ever seemed to play growing up was some chamber string quartet by Bach.
>Congress would overturn the case.

how can Congress overturn a case? Are you implying that they would create new legislation that specifically makes rules to attempt to fix the loop hole the judges allowed in the first case? Clearly, that would start the march to the Supreme Court over to challenge the new law. However, I would disagree with the phrase "Congress would overturn the case" as anything accurate
Because we’ve set up the incentive structures to make growth the most important thing. Shares increase when you grow - the revenue barely matters to the people in control
Have you tried magnesium? Do you get enough potassium?
This article was written with similar distance from the Bear Stearns collapse as we have now from the SVB collapse. Generally interesting but this stuck out:

>This was one of the greatest corporate euthanizations of all time. And Wall Street played its own gleeful role in it.

Sounds a lot like the criticism of the VC sector's reaction to SVB's problems.
I don't think this will be anywhere close to 2008.

In many ways, SVB was a perfect storm of many factors. High uninsured deposits. Few, tech-savvy despositors. Bad investment choices w.r.t. interest rates. Makes sense why a run was possible.

Other smaller banks - while they may even have similar investment choices - are likely to have many depositors who are under the FDIC limit. So... rationally... they shouldn't call in their money. But also practically, it seems unlikely the masses will be able to effectively coordinate.

I think, however, that this will start a slow long-term erosion of many community banks. How it affects a short-term recession that's looming is hard for anyone to predict. If you're in the camp that the Fed is being too aggressive, maybe this actually slows down interest rate hikes... which might end up being a good thing!

All in all, fundamentals of banks just aren't as bad as '08.