skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There were some decent courses that I got something out of, mostly business-related courses. Even those seemed pretty outdated, though.

If I was spending my own money on a 4-year degree in Computer Science with a focus on Software Development, I would certainly expect to come out of it with some sort of foundation of proper development.
It's the other way round: Crypto mining has wasted an awesome amount of resources and is still ongoing despite energy shortages, mass extinctions, air pollution from coal plants and global warming.
>> Is it spiritual or mystical in your mind?

No, they're just saying there are continuous functions, and then there are discrete functions, and neural nets can't approximate discrete functions, while humans certainly can (e.g. integer addition). And that even when it comes to approximating any continuous function, neural nets can do that in principle, but we don't know how to do it in practice, just like we know time travel, stable wormholes and the Alcubierre drive are feasible in principle, but we can't realise them in practice.

So please don't say it's "spiritual and mystical" in the other person's mind just because it's not very clear in yours.

Also, what the OP didn't say is that a Transformer architecture is not the kind of architecture used to show the universality of neural nets. That was shown for a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) with one hidden layer, not a deep neural net like a Tansformer, and certainly not a network with attention heads. If you wanted to be all theoretical about it and claim that because there's that old proof, someone will eventually find out how to do it in practice, then the Transformer architecture has already taken a wrong turn and is moving away from the target.

There aren't no universality results for Transformers. I mean, that would be the day! The reason that that proof was derived for a MLP with one hidden layer is that this makes the proof much, much easier, than if you wanted to show the same for another architecture.
You'd also need to add the overhead of memory representation as jiggawatts says, so you'd need to start from 8 bytes just for the pointer alone (more than double that 3 byte textual representation)! And it's not gonna just allocate one byte (unless you go something fancy with your allocator), but 8 bytes for the string, 2 of which would be the "x" and the null terminator. So 3 -> 16 for a single 1 byte value.

And that's in C, where the length calculations and the type management is up to you! It gets worse soon...
It’s fascinating that competition for labor in the market for the human life is a disease.
So food prices skyrocket to make up for the lack of subsidies, and everyone gets a food purchase subsidy to make up for the high food prices since nobody wants people starving in the streets. Heck, Minnesota just became the fourth state to offer breakfast and lunch for free to all students regardless of ability to pay.

You can shuffle the board around however you want, but the truth is that agriculture (and therefor rural life) is going to be paid for one way or another.
I'm pretty sure that governmental loans are being respected.

Would you be upset if you loan me 10B on thursday, Bob lends me 10B on Friday, then Monday the Bob says the business will be sold to UBS who will honor his loans but not yours?
> Selden and Dobson proved that there is enough freely floating information in libraries and on the internet using which any technically-savvy person with the right resources could create an atomic bomb, and this include terrorists.

That reminds me of a friend being raided by police some 30+ years ago because he published instructions how to create explosives online. He had copied some texts from a very old book that was not copyrighted anymore and, which he, a minor at that time, found in his public library. Fortunately, he never went to trial for that and his rather scientific parents were pretty understanding.
It doesn't get much better there:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35216761
Probably the same way conservative media portrays US joblessness as starting from other countries and their immigrants, and it’s clear that people who consume that media really buy into that way of thinking. People in echo chambers are particularly vulnerable to this sort of propaganda I expect.
> "while having Ukraine fight the war"

Interesting turn of phrase, and one used heavily in Russian propaganda to remove any agency from the Ukrainian people. If the Ukrainian government had listened to their western allies Zelensky would have been on an evacuation flight shortly after the first missile hit.

I'm quite sure they are not "having to fight" against Russia for anyone except themselves, and to ensure the continued existence of their country.
LLMs do not invent new information.

If this statement is true, it is true for humans as well. LLMs can and have authored original works of art that are no more traceable to specific training influences than any work of art created by a human.
Disagree. kWh is a unit most households would be familiar with. I bet the average budget-conscious jo knows their price per kWh and how many kWh a washing machine run would use up. So for a lay audience it is a good term.
I recently wrote a fun blog post (https://pncnmnp.github.io/blogs/odd-sketches.html) about how to estimate Jaccard Similarity using min hashing, what b-bit min hashing is, and how to improve upon its limitations using a 2014 data structure called odd sketches.

Jaccard Similarity's history is also quite interesting. From my blog:

> In the late 19th century, the United States and several European nations were focused on developing strategies for weather forecasting, particularly for storm warnings. In 1884, Sergeant John Finley of the U.S. Army Signal Corps conducted experiments aimed at creating a tornado forecasting program for 18 regions in the United States east of the Rockies. To the surprise of many, Finley claimed his programs were 95.6% to 98.6% accurate, with some areas even achieving a 100% accuracy rate. Upon publishing his findings, Finley's methods were criticized by contemporaries who pointed out flaws in his verification strategies and proposed their solutions. This sparked a renewed interest in weather prediction, which is now referred to as the "Finley Affair."

> One of these contemporaries was Grove Karl Gilbert. Just two months after Finley's publication, Gilbert pointed out that, based on Finley's strategy, a 98.2% accuracy rate could be achieved simply by forecasting no tornado warning. Gilbert then introduced an alternative strategy, which is now known as Jaccard Similarity.

> So why is it named Jaccard Similarity? As it turns out, nearly three decades after Sergeant John Finley's tornado forecasting program in the 1880s, Paul Jaccard independently developed the same concept while studying the distribution of alpine flora.
Multiple factors. But these particular symptoms result from an abdication of responsibility to enforce laws in liberal cities because they seem “mean.” This is the result.

Housing costs feed the homeless population but do not cause addiction/mental-illness directly.
>"I understand that it might come at the cost of some personal freedom but I'm willing to pay that price for a great society in return."

Fuck that. Our freedoms are already getting screwed by various acts of governments. Personal freedom is the most valuable thing for me.
Awesome! Another accord that can be ignored just like all the others that came before!

I love bureaucracy and diplomacy... They make us look so productive while once in a while real change comes along.

Forgive my pessimism, but I've seen too many international accords that haven't been worth the paper they were printed on (with loads of media coverage and fanfare) during my lifetime.
TL;DR

2000 – The government is kidnapping people from their beds in the middle of the night but that's a minor inconvenience. I'll just shut up and enjoy the economic gains. China is the best!

2022 – I can't believe the government is coming for my money and lifestyle. The tyranny was only supposed to affect the other people.
Why would this AI be centralized? You’ll probably be able to run the inference side on your phone soon. Training costs are only mid 7 figures and dropping exponentially.
If you like reading about Wu from a woman in physics hidden in plain sight aspect you might like the story of Emmy Noether[0].

A mathematician who worked a few doors down from Einstein and produced era defining result in physics. The connection between symmetry and conservation. Noether's theorem to this day is one of the most profound holy shit moments in many physicists education.

Her life was been cut tragically short.

[0] https://youtu.be/04ERSb06dOg
In everything I've seen, Jobs doesn't say things like "I created xxx," it always seems to be "We created xxx."
Shouldn't that be "does the Copenhagen intepretation even mean anything scientific"?
Serious question, if you have to sacrifice personal freedom, what does the great society look like you are willing to sacrifice it for? What freedoms are you willing to give up for what societal benefit?

I’m genuinely curious because every person defines personal freedom differently. And great society is very subjective.
Not sure what your point is. It’s clear from what’s quoted in the emails that some GHCQ employees are simply speculating based on the timing of the rape allegations. That’s something that a bunch of people outside GHCQ were also doing at the time.

The emails were handed over because they weren’t considered to be classified information. So it’s quite unlikely that they reveal discussions among people who had any inside knowledge about the Assange case.

> The records were revealed by Assange himself in a Sunday night interview with Spanish television programme Salvados in which he explained that an official request for information gave him access to instant messages that remained unclassified by GCHQ.

https://amp.theguardian.com/media/2013/may/20/julian-assange...

I don’t know anything about the internal workings of GCHQ, but one would hope that information is shared on a need to know basis. Assuming this to be the case, the vast majority of GHCQ employees would know no more about Assange than you or me.
I lost it at AliExpress and TaoBao being referred as "distinguished online shopping platforms".

They feel like platforms that belong on the darkweb.

You really have to rely on reviews and a scam is always behind the corner.

This is completely not newswhorthy.
OP is blatantly obviously referring to populace in Western nations.
> Is it safe to rely on a 4 digit PIN? Obviously not, when there are only 10000 possible combinations. You shouldn't need Bitwarden to tell you that though.

Most people really don’t know that. It is not obvious to a normal user.
Hi! I'm an economist, and I am genuinely enjoying reading everyone's perceptions. If we were to presume that this was the first time your representative HN commentator read about it, then we can congratulate the Wikipedia authors for sufficiently communicating the concept (a passing grade, as it were).

I thought you might like a counterpoint to your consternation with your fellow HN commentators.

Baumol cost disease is fascinating.
All the billions of lobsters dead and mass die off of species around the world the next few years as the planet heats up within the next 7 years is breathtaking.

Atlantic Ocean current is struggling to stay currenting. Honestly looks like the tides around the world will change from the warmer climates .. and now to tack onto this methane is starting to creep up as the #1 reason of planetary changes due to ice melting around the globe.. The world is in a scary estate over the next few years as we make the changes to renewable energy resources. Some are to ignorant to change until we have mass starvation periods in the next few years. Than what?
They do change, in mainland China they have devolved considerably under Xi. I have Family over there, and a lot of the optimism of a decade ago was already being squeezed out of the country before the pandemic.
Geoengineering Is Dividing Climate Scientists
Surprised_pikachu.jpg
Are competing water companies going to build multiple water pipe systems to people's homes? Are competing electricity companies going to cover cities with multiple independent competing grids? Are competing ISPs going to build separate fiber networks to everyone's door? Should there be multiple rail networks owned by private parties, or just one that everyone uses cooperatively?

These are cases where it only makes sense to build one system, and any such system should be under public control, not under private monopoly control by some rent-extracting shareholder outfit.
>I don’t believe the average western person would care at all if they could afford fewer cheap products

I don't think this is the case. The average person wants a lot of things for cheap. Also, more expensive items like computers and phones would increase in price. People like having the newest phones, but might be priced out of it if it increased.
I think for Vietnam, it is more that they couldn't afford to be repressive, not that they don't want to.

They are still relatively underdeveloped. Cracking down too hard on dissidents would hurt their FDI from places like the US. Not to mention they probably don't have the money and manpower to spare on that. China was the same when they were at the stage Vietnam is in now. And it is very likely Vietnam will do what China is doing now soon enough.

I have been to Vietnam too and I think for the time I stayed there, I got to experience a pretty authentic feel for their political and cultural systems. And all it reminds me of is China, a decade or two ago.
As long as we remember both things can be true at once.
"Midsize U.S. banks reportedly ask the FDIC to insure all deposits for two years" [0]

The beast must be fed.

[0] https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/18/midsize-us-banks-reportedly-...
I mean change in the talking point at the time that if we just kept throwing money at China they'd magically become a democracy. As long as the CCP is in charge that's not happening and should have been clear based off Tiananmen. Allowing them into the WTO and continuing to trade with them just made their power stronger. Going to be seen as a huge blunder historically
I'll try to give different advice from what I see here: if you build your company on Istagram's API, make sure the network effects of your product encourage use of Instagram and that use benefits its owners; then they won't want your access to go away.
Most likely yes. I bought a new 980 Pro 2TB a few weeks ago and it came with the latest firmware. Manufacture date is Jan 2023. The firmware is already more than a year old so unless you get very old stock it should come with it.
fwiw I have both and both are fine with the latest firmware.
The "predicted" box there would be a best guess from a statistical model powered by AI or computer vision, answering, "where is the stop sign in this image?". The "ground truth" would be an annotation by a human answering the same question. The jaccard similarity metric would say that these bounding boxes are highly similar, and so the prediction could be evaluated as high quality.
Designing is one thing... getting the materials is another. I feel like there are pretty good systems in place to monitor and detect that behavior.

I, for one, don't wish to democratize access to nuclear weapons. Let's keep it so that only nation states willing to maintain them, have them. Maintenance seems to be about $10,000,000/year.
Now there's a claim I'd love to see some evidence for.
You’re looking at a section of the development market that, largely, is somewhat opaque AND has “few” experts vis a vis other disciplines-both for some of the reasons you mention (don’t roll your own) and for things like the difficulty of really doing it well versus people’s (company’s) lack of desire to reinvent the wheel on something that’s working.

All this leads to the lack of easily accessible (from a technical side) papers, training, etc., and let’s face it-being hard, plenty of people who can design and document and develop business systems wouldn’t handle the heavy math and dense papers well, or more importantly (and in line with your question) expand those naturally to “best practices”.

It’s far cheaper to let Google or Facebook handle your identity management for a cost between close-to-free to mostly-reasonable, and use Okta or the like if you want more control.

The best suggestion I can really offer, lame as it feels, is that outside deep immersion into that world and it’s papers and experts one should study open source implementations like Red Hat-backed Keycloak or Apereo CAS to see how they do it in the real world (I’m sure there are others; these just come to mind).
just fyi Userbenchmark is total useless and pretty much banned all around on PC enthusiast subs on reddit. They altered scores on a whim or what is "better" or not compared to something in their rankings.
heh, yeah I installed it just for the update and immediately uninstalled it.
Haven’t those jobs already disappeared though? You’re basically describing the minimal skill set required of someone that uses a search engine at work.
> From the start, wikileaks was a partisan project

Which party were the Collateral Murder footages meant to benefit?
(Is "partisan" the right word here?)
> one of the best ways of identifying an authoritarian is to ask them their opinions on Snowden or Assange

These are complex situations. If you’re basing your binary judgement of an even-more complex political spectrum (it isn’t really a spectrum) on these cases, your model is mis-tuned. I’m sure, for example, Putin would find both exemplary figures. That doesn’t make him a Solon.
While there are very jaded views about cultural superiority and other things like that. I think the truth is probably less cynical.

I can move to japan and marry a Japanese wife, work for a Japanese company, pay Japanese taxes, and speak fluent Japanese, but I will never be Japanese because my skin is white.

People can move to America, and as long as you speak English without an accent, there is an assumption that you are American.

If the place you move will assimilate you, then I would call that migrancy. If the place you move will never accept you, then I would call that ex-patriotism.

People who move to civil societies migrate, people who move to ethnic societies become ex-patriots.

I strongly recommend reading this: https://www.amacad.org/publication/what-does-it-mean-be-amer...

It really puts into perspective conservatism and liberalism by showing their contextual effects on immigration.
Someone who buys an evo pro knows to install magician, at least to update the firmware for the first use, or so i hope - it would be like buying a high-end nvidia and using the drivers from windows update.
The answer to both is "no." It is really obvious that the answer is no, because they lead to the same predictions. There is real work being done in quantum foundations (which is not the same thing as fundamental physics), but it doesn't involve arguing about MWI and Copenhagen. :-)
>Are you talking about in-person verification and vouching? Or can it be digitally mediated?

Yes and yes.

>If the former, it looks quite impractical unless there are widely trusted bulk verifiers. E.g., state DMVs.

It's happened already in some cases, e.g.: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-name_system

>If the latter, then it all looks quite prone to corruption once bots become as convincing correspondents as the median person

How about a requirement to personally know the other person in what hackers in the past called "meatspace"?

Just brainstorming here, but for a cohesive forum, even of tens of thousands of people, it shouldn't be that difficult to achieve.

For something Facebook / Tweeter scale it would take "bulk verifiers" that are trusted, and where you need to register in person.
There isn't one. Body language is maybe slightly better than chance but generally unreliable. Exact word choice can be a sign; if you ask them a question do they actually answer it or do they deflect? But fundamentally if you really care you need some independent confirmation.

In Abagnales the bar exam results and prison time should be verifiable, but besides that who knows. I wonder why the FBI wouldn't comment, seems like they should know whether he ever worked there or not.
They do, but I've never had a long wait. Maybe it depends on the book / I haven't wanted a high demand book and just not run into it.
I spent 3 years in China before Covid. Happened to be out of the country during initial lockdown and that was that. My experiences are pre Covid so things may be different now, I don’t know.

Pros:

- very vibrant, never bored even though when I went I didn’t know anyone really

- I was paid a Silicon Valley salary so high income compared to the typical local. Can afford a very nice lifestyle

- due to demographics and being an “actual” expat, as opposed to English teacher, was respected

Cons:

- general quality of life. Traffic, pollution, food and water safety etc

- can be hard to make deep connection except with other expats. Just different cultures and values.

- lack of freedom and censorship. Vpn needed for everything, and even then doesn’t always work. Certain topics are avoided

- there is a surface level fakeness that I personally really dislike.

It’s a fun place to be for a while when you have the income and status. But for me at least not a place to be long term.
If they don't have associations with racists, they failed to communicate that

Since when does any protest, movement, etc, need to begin by proving a negative. This is an expectation only setup through propaganda. Any movement can be destroyed under this context whether legitimate or not as we would never know.

And when the Emergencies Act was invoked, who would object to it being used against anti-vaxxer racists that were illegally occupying the city of Ottawa?

Again, perfectly making my point. The framing of the narrative.
This is the first non-paywalled version though thankfully, out of 3 submissions of this article that have reached the front page. I had to Google the story the first time I saw it earlier today.
I'm afraid your example is not at all hyperbolic -- instead, such places and worse, are and have been common throughout the ages ...

(Agreeing with you btw)
Yeah I got no problem with them being an elibrary. I agree 100% the "because covid" thing was just dumb.
Nuclear bombs are essentially unprofitable and impossible to use anonymously, so they aren't really analogous to most dangerous tech that needs to be controlled.
It's intentional blacklisting.
I think you're probably right, but this should be treated as an unknown, and wouldn't be something I'd be comfortable to assume.

You could imagine a fish arguing that if something can't swim fast and doesn't have sharp teeth then it poses no threat regardless of it's intelligence. But this is just because fish evolved to not be eaten by bigger fish and its intelligence and limited knowledge of the world makes it unaware of the other threats they could face.

So while I agree it would be hard to imagine, a super intelligence in theory might find a way to affect the outside world. Perhaps this could be through some unknown physics, or more conceivably, perhaps it would first pose as a helpful AI showing humans how to build advanced robotics only to later co-opt those robotics for its own objectives.
I wouldn’t want to fall 1.8m and land awkwardly, even if it might not permanently injure me.
That is plainly what they are trying to accomplish with VR.