skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I want to say, INT_MAX, but I know what you mean. It has been useful that the value varies by implementation (and even by compiler flag, on occasion).
In Firefox "image.animation_mode: once", fixes the issue. (Unless I am miss-understanding the issue you are talking about)
To an extent, some uses of water are just better than others.

Non-shaded non-lined/piped open earth irrigation is a big waste.

Someone using land in the 1920s doesn't mean that they should get to keep having wildly inefficient irrigation practices in the 2020s.
I've just started with tRPC and for internal dashboards, there's definitely no going back.

The speed of development is unmatched. Not having to do any codegen is mind blowing.
I don’t know what nitter is.
I thought Java stores strings as 16-bit character arrays internally. Which means it's very inefficient when it comes to memory consumption.
Such a coincidence that I was just recently listening to the Persona 5 (then Baccano) soundtrack but that's as close to big band as I get.

While copyright is the main culprit, there are others. Electronic aspects reduce the chance music can be played with your acoustic instrument. Composers like Varese anticipated challenges in reproducibility and instruct their readers to record their own samples so that no two performances will ever be identical. Of course that very action shifts the performer to a more active role: from musician to conductor. The closest I can approach are pieces for prepared piano, such as the music of Franghiz Ali-Zadeh.

The newfound electronic diversity also pushes composers to invent their own notation, such as Ianis Xenakis, George Crumb, and even as far back as Henry Cowell.

Last but not least classical is a highly curated genre. Which contemporary composers will be remembered a century from now? The current contenders are sufficiently popular to swap for their sheet music (the exceptions I mentioned). I have no trouble obtaining the minimalist works of John Adams, Philip Glass etc.

I still blame copyright to a large degree. Copyright enforcement suppresses the sheet music trade which reduces discoverability and renders the entire genre static, preserving the status-quo of established artists. You hear stories of Chopin, Schumann, and Liszt debating and inspiring each other across Victorian drawing rooms. Copyright suppresses the modern equivalent.

Contemporary music notation is unfamiliar and alien due to lack of exposure, which once again is exacerbated by copyright.

As for electronic music, I'd like to imagine that composers are free to share their samples alongside their sheet music - like source code samples to a computer science textbook - but I doubt it.

It's ironic but your video shows how less regulated public meetups are compared to virtual meetups. Show up to a jam session, grab a fake book, and start playing. Totally illegal online though.
Yes, memory is a necessary but not sufficient component of learning. "Piano playing" seems like a really poor example to argue against the value of memorization.
> We get history that understandably is written by the more educated from those times. I really don't know that we know what the local rando citizens thought or were thinking.

One of my favourite history series was HBO's Rome because it tackled this directly.

Sure, you have all the important aristocratic characters, but you also have all the no-name soldiers, slaves, and Roman citizens.

At one point, a legionnaire gets into a bar fight with some Romans. The next day, that same legionnaire is escorting Marc Anthony and they get attacked by an angry mob. Marc Anthony interprets it as an attack on himself, but the mob was actually just pissed at the one legionnaire from the bar fight the night before and forces the group to retreat.

The whole thing is interpreted by the aristocrats as an attack by the Pompeiian mobs on tribune Marc Anthony. This in turn, prevented Marc Anthony from exercising his office, and the whole thing snow balls into Caesar being forced to cross the Rubicon.

Entire history potentially made, because a legionnaire got into a bar fight. Now this is fiction, but it's incredible to think how many stories like this must exist outside of our records.
Are you able to track down long complex supply chains? Years ago I did QA lab work for awhile for a domestic USA supplement manufacturer, and almost everything going into their products came from overseas - China, India, Japan, etc. My job was testing for heavy metals and bacterial and mold contamination, basically, plus levels of active ingredients in some cases. None of that information about country-of-origin ever went on the labels.

My recommendations are that if you're going to buy herbal supplements, buy them direct from domestic organic producers, ideally straight from the farmer online, and if you're going to buy other supplements, it's generally better to stay away from complex formulations, e.g. get pure vitamin C powder or pure glucosamine, in a gel capsule form, that ensures minimal handling and processing in perhaps-poorly-managed facilities.

It's good that peope are paying attention to sourcing, at least, but it's a complicated web to untangle.
Do review comments get publicly shared under the previous model?

I'm curious if a large part of this push-back is "I don't want to be held publicly responsible for my review comments..." (the over-taxed, unpaid ones)

... which leads inexorably back to the place publishers don't want to go -- reviewers deserve to be well-compensated, for doing a time-intensive, hard job well. And especially because they create the bulk of a curated journal's value.
Going back to your experience with programming, it's inspiring to hear how you progressed from BASIC to Assembly, Turbo Pascal, and eventually Turbo C. It's great that you found C to be a language that allowed you to reason about pointers and understand the internals of how programs work.
Much simpler formula:

1. Brainwash

2. Rinse

3. Repeat
There are tradeoffs for sure, but fundamentally farming is a life-sustaining activity, and we should be very careful about unintended consequences of our policies. For instance, maybe almonds should not in fact be grown in this region, but I suspect that is a very small and unrepresentative portion of the actual crops harvested.
The quote suggest a way the world works, but there is no evidence that it is close to accurate. I admit it is rhetorically pleasant.
Not only that but if you budget for an expected error rate of let's say 10% you can use par2 to create additional files that add that redundancy to your archives. par2 default redundancy is set to 5%. PAR2 uses Reed-Solomon Coding to perform its calculations.

https://github.com/Parchive/par2cmdline
Or they make more profit.
Good lord! 10 days no calorific intake?
They will just charge you with some other fee.
If there are issues with a specific viewport width you can always file a bug at https://bugs.wikimedia.org/
Did they seriously spend that much money on it??? How???
I feel like it would be easier to build underwater cities via a network of watertight buildings than colonize the moon. At least with underwater cities we can essentially have flying cars (personal submarines), no adverse weather, plus cool creatures to watch swimming around outside your window.
Ask HN: Do IT labor in the government know that they suck?
This is the Ministry of Justice in Japan. The inconsistency in information communication inside the same place is massive.

For example you always got the link-to-the-PDF only type of announcement.

https://www.moj.go.jp/shoumu/shoumukouhou/shoumu01_191122_00003.html

Then you also got full-of-image-made-by-anonymous announcement.

https://www.moj.go.jp/JINKEN/jinken03_00156.html

Also you can have image-with-pdf type.

https://www.moj.go.jp/hisho/saihanboushi/hisho04_00036.html

And all of a sudden, they realize that they can just put those words in the pdf into html.

https://www.moj.go.jp/hisho/kouhou/hisho08_00392.html

I think people do not need a CS degree to tell that this inconsistency and abuse of PDF/image is problematic.

What are they thinking?
Good artist copy. Great artist steal. No one owns a style. To lock style up in legal restrictions is profoundly stupid and destructive of art itself. I have yet to mention how arrogant and conceited it is.
Do you know what that releases into the atmosphere?
> If you had to be poor somewhere, would the US be your first choice?

Yes. My parents flew halfway across the world with nothing in their pocket, and no family / friends, to be poor in this country. This is not an isolated story. Tens of millions did the same, and by and large, it worked out quite well.

I've been to their country of origin, and I would absolutely not want to be poor there, given what I saw of the poor people.

People will point to all kinds of social problems in America. For example, many Americans believe street homelessness is due to poverty. It's obviously not. I've seen street homelessness due to poverty in the country my parents left, and it looks nothing like what's going on in America.
I wish they would ban it for all video. The amount of bandwidth eaten on Mobile Devices (not everybody has unlimited data) is insane.

Try and look at an Ars Technica page. Or any random news website. I want to READ the content. Not be distracted by something else.
Ask HN: Where to learn the specifics of how GPT4-quality models are created?
I have never followed AI/ML work. In my experience, all the AI/ML workers I've encountered seen to throw stuff at the wall and see what sticks. Clearly, that is not how the GPT-3/GPT-4 models were built.

Is there a resource that explicitly explains at a technical level the thought process behind a full implementation of a model like these? For example, why they chose to add an X-type layer here, or what layers they may have tweaked and why to improve 3.5 to 4's quality?

I understand OpenAI is closed source. But I'm sure there isn't some secret sauce that only employees there know about that makes these models happen, so where does one learn this?
For block-scope declarations, it's not the definition but the initialization that you're thinking of. At least in C, every block-scope variable declaration is a definition:

> A definition of an identifier is a declaration for that identifier that:

> — for an object, causes storage to be reserved for that object; [...]

But initialization (in C) does not occur for block-scope objects without the optional initializer.
They have to pay for fiber running across data centers, the connection costs, switches, etc. It's definitely not free and no the conditions aren't favorable. In a lot of places there's a monopoly on who owns the fiber etc.
Anybody have any advice for query optimization in GraphQL? Seems to me so far that it’s pretty nice for flexibility with small datasets, but once your data gets really big you need precise control over how things are queried in order to take best advantage of indexes, and I’m finding it hard to manage that with GraphQL since queries are so dispersed. It often for me is hard to even figure out when queries might be triggered or why, which makes it harder to ensure they’re not called too much and/or not called in an ineffective way.
If you want to be collegiate this literally happened a year ago[0]:

> When Professor Stuart Reges challenged the University of Washington’s position on land acknowledgements, administrators punished him, undermining his academic freedom

But don't worry, you don't have to go so far as critically teaching about all the aspects of different cultures to risk being accused as a racist on college campuses. I also remember the racist rock from a couple years ago[1]:

> The University of Wisconsin removed a 42-ton boulder from its Madison campus Friday after complaints from students of color who called the rock a symbol of racism.

[0]: https://www.thefire.org/news/lawsuit-professor-sues-universi...

[1]: https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/09/us/chamberlin-rock-removed-un...
I could be wrong but it seems likely his first tweet was about Epic integrating NFTs into their own games, and the second was about allowing them on the EGS?

I don’t really see the NFT stuff as relating to open platforms anyway. Certain kinds of software (the most obvious being viruses and scams) need to be banned from platforms anyway.
Oh, I thought "Dark Pattern" meant trickery, deception, and using the browser in a fraudulent way to make users do something they didn't want to do. The features described in the article are certainly unpopular and annoying to certain types of people including myself, but they're not fraudulent. They're not deceptive. They clearly say what they do, and become disabled when you disable them, using the provided controls. That's not a dark pattern.

"Dark Pattern" does not just mean anything you don't like.
This is potentially super powerful for the idea of a pocket spectrophotometer for everyone. This idea has been in many startup pitches over the last 15 years -- the most common consumer use case is identifying allergens. I can see this being useful beyond that too, with things like reagent free desktop drug testing systems that don't cost $25k.
The US is the place where the tail wags the dog. The wealthy minorities that are interested in war (for financial reasons or otherwise) put billions into pro-war public support. So it is difficult to say if this is something that the population really wants or if they're being duped into accepting.
Multi-session the tech was called. Though marketed by vendors under different names.
> The truth is that even seasoned C/C++ developers can’t write safe C/C++ code

I maintain a very large C++ project used to run airlines around the world that hasn’t had a bug in production for 5+ years. No crashes. No memory leaks. No production shutdown. Not even once. So no it most definitely is possible to write solid code in C++. However I do agree that it is hard :) I managed to do it by having 9000+ tests testing all aspects of the code.

Another (more public) example is SQLite. I am sure there are more examples out there. Airbus avionics software is written in C for example.
In Arabic there is the mothanna مثنى (pair) case.
What the reporter thought is irrelevant, he's not expected to know any better. The triaging team on the other hand is
Keep it up! Also, consider adding some data about sustainability (e.g. packaging materials, CO2 footprint, animal ethics, land use, etc.). I'd like to see this scale up.
Microsoft Semantic Kernel
Its not about defense, its about information efficiency. Bad events are rarer, and knowledge about them is more valuable than good events.

Lets say that you had to walk through a minefield with a set number of mines. You could pay me $10 for a piece of information. I can either tell you a spot with a mine, or a spot without one. How do you spend your money?
Why the past tense?

https://theprodigy.com/#live
> "Today, roughly 500,000 acres in and around Imperial County are cultivated with irrigation, with the bulk of the land devoted to growing alfalfa and other forage that feeds California's dairy industry, the nation's largest."

Looks like switching to desert-optimized crops that have historically been grown in the region is the only real long-term solution, plus a lot more drip-style irrigation:

https://extension.unr.edu/publication.aspx?PubID=2205

> "Heat-loving plants are best suited for summer production in desert climates. The plant families that fit into the heat-loving category are nightshade or Solanaceae (tomatoes, peppers, eggplant) and squash or Cucurbitaceae (cucumbers, melons, summer and winter squash). Corn and beans also perform best in hot climates."

One crop per year might also have to be the new norm if the Colorado River dams keep heading for dead pool.
Per grandparent, "...there's a reason I was so against what was done to the Canadian truckers even though I generally disagreed with them." We don't need to agree with the message to recognize that the means used to shut them down were, at best, not fantastic. There's blame to be had all 'round, and nobody comes off terribly sympathetic.

That said, by your logic, any protest can be shut down as soon as it starts to work by declaring it illegal. That's part of why trains keep derailing in the states too - those that care about safety and working conditions, and have the power to change both by striking, cannot legally strike. That's why nurses unions keep getting the short end of the stick: they cannot bargain effectively, because they're chained to the bargaining table due to an inability to legally strike as long as they need to.

Simply declaring protests as illegal can leave us feeling like we took the high road with the Canadian trucker protest, but doesn't lead to a world I especially want to live in.
My mind was blown when I first heard that heat dissipation would likely be the key shaping factor in space battles.

I think this was the video https://youtu.be/9Xs3mGhQGxM
Let’s just hurry up with creating artificial wombs then all the women can get their tubes tied and still have a baby if and when they want to.

Oh wait… I imagine they’ll make that illegal too and Tubal Ligation and, hell, Condoms too.

Welcome to the Handmaid’s Tale!
> A degree from an accredited university is a real valuable thing

Uh… sometimes.
> I'm less familiar with Rust, but I'd have assumed trait implementations specialize there as well.

Yeah - as I understand it, traits + generics in rust monomorphize basically everything.

If anything, for rust I want the compiler to learn to do the opposite of this optimization. I'd like the compiler to be able to emit code which uses dynamic dispatch instead of monomorphization when optimizing for code size, or in cold functions. Monomorphization makes the rust compiler slower and rust binaries larger. Outside of hot loops, its often not worth it.

You can change this manually by rewriting rust functions to take dyn function pointers instead of <F: Fn> generic arguments. But I'd prefer the compiler to make that choice for me automatically based on PGO or from -Oz.
Ohhh nooooo imagine. Maybe if it was a decent value proposition instead of a way to pay a bunch of non-contributing college admins who's job could be done by GPT-4 people would sign up more, I wonder if there's any way that this could possibly be remedied. /s
If you don't have a metabolic disorder and you have enough body fat, the remaining concern is water and electrolytes.
While the CD data format is defined in terms of constant linear velocity[1], and CD data is always written at a fixed linear density (plus or minus a small margin of error), some drives are, under ideal conditions, capable of both reading and writing this format in CAV mode, as addressed briefly in the "Writing Modes" section of the linked article,

http://www.osta.org/technology/pdf/cdr_cdrw.pdf#page=15

In CAV modes, data rate — and laser power, in the case of writing — is a constantly increasing function of the radial position of the read/write head.

[1] Though this fixed velocity — and, by extension, data density — is allowed to vary from disc to disc. Assuming the standard (4.3218 Mbit/s raw) data rate, any velocity between 1.2 m/s and 1.4 m/s is permitted, but must then remain fixed within IIRC, a +/- 0.01 m/s margin of error.
Some games have Ctrl as their crouch key.
Perhaps I am a bit naive, but what is the potential harm in fasting for such a timespan? The point of fat tissue is to maintain the body when calories are not available. Unless starting from a position of anorexia, most people have ample reserves to supply them for such a duration. With medical supervision, one man went over a year without eating[0].

Not a doctor, not medical advice.

[0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angus_Barbieri%27s_fast
AI has definitely reached a significant milestone of development with both this and the generative abilities of the stable diffusion models. While it is moving quite fast, I believe most people have not been following much of the progress which has been made in the past decade in detail (unless this is your field of study or interest). For these people who are just now taking notice, it seems like it has advanced much more rapidly than one would expect and I am sure it might be overwhelming for many.

While I find the recent gains are impressive, I am not overwhelmed by these advancements. GPT is not general intelligence. As I see it is rather a natural language interface to a store of information. There is no guarantee that the information you are retrieving is either correct or entirely related to your query.

Many people take the most exaggerated examples of it's successes, package it with some blurb and offload it to social media for attention. IMO, It's not quite that great, but it is decent enough to have uses. I personally have been using the ChatGPT model to lookup sources of information. If I am unfamiliar with a term or name of an area of study, I can describe in a query and the model is capable of giving me the proper name (in this case predictive markets). It's also pretty good at knowing where some of the information is it has been trained on or about sources such as book names, research papers, and lectures if you ask further on such a subject. In this regard, I consider it to be a watershed moment in search engine tech and I encourage others to utilize it (discriminatively) in this manner as well.

Personally, this is great boon for me since I essentially have been working in a vacuum for the past 6-7 years. I know very few people who share my interests at the same depth and most of those who might are either in purely academic settings, highly specialized research departments, or small unadvertised groups of enthusiasts. Sometimes you need to rely on knowledge and experience of others to steer you in the right direction, and while that is not always available to me at least I can make queries about esoteric subjects without having to track somebody down capable of answering them.

As for family, I always advise caution. Sen. Coons summed my sentiments well in his statement in the Nov 17, 2020 Judiciary hearings on social media: "... it's time for us to take seriously the ways which technology can be a threat, and to measure it not just by the good it does, but the harm it can cause."

You can thank ChatGPT for looking that quote for me from a rather clumsy approximation and rough setting of when it occurred. When queried for links to the video from C-SPAN however, it rather just made up some BS approximations of what the URL might have looked like.
> The purpose of our study was to evaluate the impact of short-term high-caloric feeding and fasting on bone microarchitecture. We hypothesized that both high-caloric feeding and fasting would have negative effects on microarchitecture.

I know it shouldn't have a huge impact on my assessment of a study, but when I see that they were looking for not-x and found x, it makes me feel substantially more confident in the result. It only guarantees that they were not p-hacking, and doesn't have any bearing on other aspects that would affect the validity of the results.
Here's an example: statistical methods. I'm a software engineer and was going to start helping with analysis tooling. Having characteristics and example use cases for many statistical methods helped me work faster and make better choices than needing to look things up.

Generalized, cases where you can choose from one of a few options/technique and this choice is an expression of your professional opinion are good. What you memorize are the attributes of the options that you tend to make the choices on. It's hard to get across (and impossible if people don't want to believe it) the difference in speed/quality/accuracy that comes from having 3 attributes of 10 options at instant recall versus a few that come to mind right away and then more if you remember to try.