skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This is a really nice writeup. I've learned a lot of these lessons as well, since I know how life changing it can be. Congrats, and thanks for putting it all down on paper.
Technically correct, as expected from HN.

Of course, the technically correct definition would limit the usefulness of the term to just the field of mathematics.

Colloquially, people also say that systems that are obviously finite (due to having to exist in the real world) are also Turing complete. [1]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_completeness#Non-mathem... (subsection of article you quoted)
"The coordination problem is impossibly large and annoying." Therefore, here's an impossibly large and annoying solution, demonstrating that fact.

Most things work in lock-step with other things, so even though business already have limitless ability to set their own hours, they tend to set very, very similar hours because there's no point in being closed when people expect you to be open, and not much point in being open when people expect you to be closed.

"But because noon is when the sun is highest, most people can look at the light quality outside and know immediately what time of day it is."

Where, exactly, is noon when the sun is highest? Chicago, Illinois, and Regina, Saskatchewan, are in the same time zone. When the clock ticks noon, is that the apex for both of them? Or to avoid crossing international borders, is the sun at the highest for both Indianapolis, Indiana, and Bangor, Maine?

Bangor today had a sunrise at 05:55, and expects sunset at at 17:35. Indianapolis, on the other hand, had sunrise at 07:02, and expects sunset at 18:47. They are in the same time zone, and yet solar events are more than an hour different. Today, "solar noon" is 11:45 in Bangor, but 12:54 in Indianapolis. Adjusting Indianapolis back an hour to bring noon closer to solar noon would put it at 10:45 in Bangor!

"The sun is highest in the sky in the middle of the day" is approximately true, but can be off by more than the one-hour adjustment for Daylight Saving Time, so it is clearly not precisely true, whether we shift by an hour or not.

The continental USA is 2800 miles wide, and even splitting it into four time zones doesn't make things make good sense for every location. But hey, it could be worse: China is more than 3100 miles wide, and uses a single time zone!

* This isn't aimed at you, but I always check this when comparing two cities, because it's fun: Indianapolis gets between 9:21 and 14:59 hours of daylight, December to June, while Bangor gets from 8:48 to 15:35 hours of daylight.
That summary doesn't cover whether the writers think the baseline scenarios are too rosy or too dire.
Inflation is caused by profiteering and opportunism aided by the occasional supply shock.

Trying to control it solely with interest rates makes as much sense as trying to fly a beach ball to Mars.
Wait, there are people that aren't children that actually have SafeSearch turned on as more than an accident? Not trying to be insulting, I just genuinely have it turned off in my settings and haven't noticed any of my search results being particularly NSFW and assumed everyone else did too.
It kinda looks like the balloons in the Up movie
We can store digital data in DNA
From floppy disks to thumb drives, every method of storing data eventually becomes obsolete. What if we could find a way to store all the world's data forever? Bioinformatician Dina Zielinski shares the science behind a solution that's been around for a few billion years: DNA.
> OpenAI retains API data for 30 days for abuse and misuse monitoring purposes.

They just changed this. It is now only 30 day retention -
https://openai.com/policies/api-data-usage-policies
Yes, but the author was also completely correct about their financial situation. The disclaimer doesn't mean "I'm making this up."
Well, in case of those SVB execs we talk potential insider trading. Margin Call is fiction, and MBSs or MBS based CDOs are not shares in the company you run.
Spreading your money between multiple banks creates similar mental, accounting, and tax burdens as a simple investment would.

Plus my "a lot" comment wasn't specifically connected to short term CDs. If you are going to let money sit for years, short term investments like that are the worst for growth second only to keeping everything in cash. That approach should only be taken by the most risk-averse people or people who need liquidity. Even still, OP is probably missing out on 5-figure potential gains by just doing nothing with over $250k+ for years. "A lot" is relative, but that is decent money that OP is effectively losing.
There is a continuum in how quickly you need to sell and the price you willmget for something.
I agree with the general sentiment (fix harmful habits first, exceptions later) - but if we set the ideal at no flights - then even a few mid-distance flights come out as pretty bad.
Wrong. You're probably a bit too young, but as the other poster pointed out, this also happened with Dems. Both parties are stupid.
haha didnt notice that
A Bank of One's Own
An interesting take on SVB
What makes those people frauds?
I largely agree but I don't see how ChatGPT hits the same use cases as a fine-tuned model. Prompts can only have 8K tokens so any "in-prompt" fine tuning would have to be pretty limited. I'm not certain that the lack of ChatGPT fine tuning will be a permanent limitation however.
Coming from a culture where psychiatric medications are not normalized (because people simply couldn't afford them, if pharmacies even carried them), it is pretty disturbing how many people take some kind of pill. You can't help but feel as though so many people shouldn't have anything wrong with them such that they need pills -- i.e., mental illness should not exist at such high rates lol.

(And, as subtext, should be feared and stigmatized.)
> we will reimburse you

But they probably won't have the money. IntraFi isn't that big. You're just an ordinary creditor of a bankrupt company at that point.

This is a generic problem with non-bank financial intermediaries.

"Who's the counter party?"
you don't write

if (!condition)
goto else_;
// some code
goto endif;
else_:
// the else block
endif:
// More code

Same for loop. That's what we mean by "goto considered harmful".
Modifying a Game Boy Camera to Capture 0.014MP Photos of the Moon
That’s an unhelpfully overly-reductive position. Nobody is hacking garage doors with a 555.

In the same vein - AirTags are considerably easier to covertly place on someone else than other asset tracking systems. Yes you can accomplish something similar with either but the likelihood of it being used for unintended purposes increases with the convenience and ease of doing so.
This article overstates it. This mapping is not as detailed as what was done with The nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. Where they did entire nervous system.
Depends how much competition ends up in this market. If there is plenty of competition that gives good results at a similar costs rising prices will be difficult. Now if it actually costs far more to run than the API cost is currently, we'll see it go up.
What you say makes a lot of sense.

Now, to give a concrete example. There was a C++ PR introducing an interface taking an argument of type int representing a duration. I suggested using std::chrono::duration (https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/duration), and I was overruled on the basis that "an int is simpler". To have context if you are not too familiar with C++:

- std::chrono::duration is part of the C++ standard library

- It's a wrapper on top of an arithmetic type just giving it "duration" meaning. It's of the same size as the wrapped arithmetic type.

- Yes, you can argue it's more complex since it adds a bunch of templated code on top of a language built-in type.

I'm going to guess that's not what you had in mind with your "Simple > Complex" advise. If so, that's what happens with any advice, even with simple one liners: somebody will take it to justify some crazy decision.
In the FDIC case it shifts to the other insurance premium paying institutions. The taxpayer isn't on the hook.

And SDC's assets are all seized. If there is anything left after repaying the depositors, the shareholders will split it. But I wouldn't bet on it being positive.
Some clarification: the stereoisomers of amphetamine found in Adderall are levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine, the former feels "speedier" because it mostly affects the body (heart rate, blood pressure, fight-or-flight response) whereas the latter mostly affects the brain (wakefulness, focus, etc.) Adderall exists because apparently a small amount of levoamphetamine has been shown to produce some effect on focus, but most of the heavy lifting is done by the right-handed isomer. In my opinion the risk of addiction is higher if there is a noticeable physical high.

Which is why I personally have decided to go with dextroamphetamine (in the long release form of lisdexamphetamine) which doesn't cause any body stimulation, and in fact lowers my blood pressure due to reduced anxiety, while producing no physical stimulation whatsoever. A cup of coffee feels "stronger" than lisdex.

In Britain Ritalin (methylphenidate) is usually first line treatment for children, while Elvanse (lisdexamfetamine) is preferred in adults. AFAIK Adderall is not prescribed here.
75% of USDC is backed by US Treasury Bonds (Good News)
TLDR; 75% of the US dollars backing UDSC are held in US Treasury Bonds (virtually safest asset on the planet). The downside is thus very limited.

There is a lot of FUD right now. But Circle (company responsible for the peg USDC <> USD) is actually very transparent and the data is independently audited every month (https://www.circle.com/en/transparency):

Last month, Circle had $43.4B in assets.
They've announced that $3.3B is exposed to SVB: that's approximately 7.6% of their assets (unclear how much they have right now, but it's in that horizon).
In January, a total of $11.1B was held at banks (SVB+others). Everything else ($32.4B or approximately 75% of assets) is held in a fund as US Treasury Bonds. 75% of Circle's assets are thus basically insured by the US itself.

Meaning that even if SVB were to give nothing back of the $3.3B it owes to Circle (unlikely, they'd at least get some of it back), the loss would be limited at around 7.6%. In the even less likely case of a total collapse of all the banks they're using, about 1/4 at most would be lost to the banks.

This isn't a Terra make over. Very different situation. This is a well structured company with lots of due diligence and auditing proving the safety of the assets. Chill out, everything's gonna be alright.

Disclaimer: not financial advice. I'm just a normal guy who can open a PDF and read the data.
When we talk about "Greta" we don't mean the "young girl", we mean all the propaganda machine that uses her as a tool.
Someone tried this idea, back in the day...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advogato
I'm not clear on the take away. Are the models wrong? Or is it more that the projections were off?

Put differently, are the models precise but inaccurate or both? If inaccurate only, are they still instructive?
Don't want to be vapid, but these are some cool guides! I know how to run these models but want to link my friends to guides to get started. Thanks!
Applying 5M pixel updates per second with Rust and wgpu
I'm not going to load JS for what is billed as "a suspiciously criminal portfolio website".
Circle/USDC apparently was the one that told SEC to go after Paxos/BUSD. USDC depegs and then Coinbase halts USDC/USD trapping people to either sell for a loss or wait for a miracle everything works out. The irony of it all.
Figures 1 and 3 in the paper show the connections between brain inputs and brain outputs. The whole thing looks like a flying balloon monster.

https://imgur.com/a/u5P3AQw
Reminds me of the time I put up photos I took with the GBC on the web when I was living I Germany and they got linked from Nintendo Power.
SATA SSDs are a little bit cheaper here.

Hot swap bays are usually set up for 2.5" drives. You can fit 4-8 into a single 5.25" slot. But the ones designed for performance will prefer U.2 drives and hook them up to PCIe.

https://www.icydock.com/goods.php?id=321
The isomers in adderall are dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine. They are both “amphetamine”.

Last I checked it’s a racemic mixture, so it’ll be 50/50 levo/dextro.

Fun fact! Certain SKUs of Vicks inhalers use levomethamphetamine as a very effective decongestant. It’s literally methamphetamine! Just not the kind that can get you even remotely high.
I get the sense that they are trying very carefully not to sound like climate change denialists, so that they won't get conflated with people much further from the scientific consensus. If they just said "the IPCC models are BS," they would likely be dismissed out of hand, at least in the scientific community.
> Worth noting the Treasury made a profit on the last bailout to the tune of ~$10 billion.

Absolutely untrue. the return on TARP funds was wildly below market returns so unadjusted numbers on paper look like “oh great a $10bil profit!”

That’s like saying your savings account grew because the bank payed you 0.01% interest, while inflation ate 9% of your real value
Nothing I've seen or heard about Musk makes me think he's capable of building a neighborhood, let alone a town.
You might be validly surprised by the short time between "uh.." and a full-on run, but the run itself is no more ferocious than people responsible for avoiding one should have been thinking of.

It's like a airline blaming the ground for being unexpectedly hard and the crash happening so soon and it's not their fault why there were no survivors and not because of the deferred maintenance of the aircraft under a loophole in the FAA regulations.
The POSIX standard for sh is broken, it was born broken.

For example, all moderns shells support some form of `local` for declaring local variables. There are some small subtleties but consistent behavior can be achieved across interpreters. It's not on POSIX though. Shellspec complaints about it (but it shouldn't).

It sounds small, but it's a huge thing to have local variables instead of a huge global scope.

There are many other features that are widely available but with slightly different interfaces. Kind of what happened with ActiveX/XmlHttpRequest in JavaScript.

What is missing is precisely documentation on the subset of stuff that _can_ be portable with coding standards, polyfills and adapters.

I'm not talking about core utilities here. No `cat` or `grep` or nothing like it. Basially, `PATH=''`, only builtins are allowed. Even with this constraint, the shell is usable and powerful.

Unfortunatelly, most people are well versed in bash+coreutils, not raw portable shell. It requires learning a few things that are not straightforward at first (variable substitution, how the shell forks processes, making evals without making a mess, nested quoting, etc).

> Actually a decent language that would transpile to POSIX sh would be interesting, now that I think about it.

That would be nice. I believe it can be written in shell itself, self-hosted and portable. It's hard work though (on the same level of writing babel from scratch).
He left Lehman Brothers 1 year before the 2008 collapse so I don't think you can connect anything here.
There's no citation, but I am assuming it's this:

"A searchable image resource of Drosophila GAL4-driver expression patterns with single neuron resolution. eLife, 2023; 12 DOI: 10.7554/eLife.80660"
thanks for the pointer, though from a quickscan this is not really a music theory tool but more like supercollider in rust?
In the event that SVB were to be purchased and appropriately capitalized

Awwwww how SUPPORTIVE of them. If only they knew some people with giant bank accounts...
4 words a second doesn't seem fast enough for a voice assistant ?
you just sent shivers down my spine
Urban Patriarchy
I know nothing about economics. Can you help me understand how raising taxes helps deal with inflation? Is the idea that the federal government "deletes" some of the money it receives through taxes, like the opposite of printing more money which cheapens the existing supply?
An Update on USDC and Silicon Valley Bank
I would characterize my response as flippant, not mean :)
I'm surprised some low-fee automatic solutions aren't recommended here. Robo-advisors can split your cash across multiple banks on the backend. Using WealthFront[0] as an example, their cash account offers 4.05% APY, and FDIC insurance on balances up to 2M using a ton of partner banks[1] (each with 250k insurance, or 500k for join accounts). It also can send checks, issues debit cards, etc.

[0] No affiliation, other than being a happy customer. https://www.wealthfront.com/cash

[1] https://www.wealthfront.com/cash-account-participant-banks
Enzymes Make Electricity from Thin Air
>no trackpoint

Dropped.
At least so far the story is that SVB got in trouble because it invested in bonds that went down in value, not because of its loan portfolio. We’ll see if that is true or the whole story, but if it is true, the scenario is entirely different from what that article is suggesting.
The point is that there's a constant background noise of failures with occasional explosive peaks.

Although it's not easy to call the exact timing, the same manic depressive financial cycle has been happening for centuries.

Banking is supposed to limit its effects. Somehow - inexplicably, to the constant shock and surprise of economists and the industry - it seems to make them worse.
What's a safer investment?
Not really because the assets can totally be frozen by the exchange. The people who have money in crypto that disappears don't care if that was due to a government action or due to whomever is in charge of enough servers.
Ask HN: What does the SVB fail mean for the average person?
I'm having a hard time understanding what, precisely, the downstream effects of the SVB failure will be.

Could anyone less ignorant than myself enlighten me?
Yeah. Presuming the numbers are solid, the problem isn't religion per se. The problem is humans.
Amazon’s drone business can’t get off the ground
In that sense, no bank maintains 100% liquidity to handle withdrawals from every account holder.

What I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around is what the investors saw that made them decide to all withdraw at once.
OpenAI could probably make money offering the API for free at this point - the data they are getting is so valuable for them in building a competitive advantage in this space.

Once they know use cases for the model they can make sure they are very good at those, and then they can consider hiking the price.
> Any bill passed by Congress which appropriates money is backed by Article I of the Constitution, and there is no legal way for the executive branch to pause that spending in favor of paying back bond holders. The 14th Amendment commitment to repay debt does not trump Article I powers of Congress.

If the debt ceiling “isn’t real” (that is, is unconstitutional), then there is no need to pause other spending to make debt repayment. The only reason such a pause would be necessary is that the debt ceiling was valid.

> The 14th Amendment commitment to repay debt does not trump Article I powers of Congress.

To the extent they conflict, it does, by the usual canons of legal construction in that, all other things being equal:

(1) Newer enactments trump older enactments,

(2) More specific rules trump more general rules.

To the extent there is a reasonable reading without conflict, that may be favored, but to the extent there is an essential conflict, the 14th Amendment definitely trumps Article I.
To believe the law works this way, one would have to believe that the Congress and President have been putting themselves through pointless kabuki theater for decades by passing and signing into law increases in the debt limit that were not actually required.

No one actually thinks this. Just like no one actually thinks that we just discovered that the wording of the 14th Amendment is a magical solution to a debt limit fight.

The funny thing is that IF the Constitution actually did work this way, it would remove any leverage the debt limit holds over policy.

So some folks are trying to have their cake and eat it too. They demand policy changes in return for a debt limit raise, while also claiming, separately, that neglecting to raise the debt limit is no big deal because 14th Amendment. It makes no logical sense. And it’s not supposed to; it is just supposed to sound plausible, in parts, to different audiences.
That enclosure isn't m.2, that's 2.5" NVMe. Like a SATA drive but with more pins stuffed in the plug. Though I guess you could put extra adapters inside it.

Is the ability to bifurcate a PCIe slot (and avoid extra controllers) that rare? That's a shame.
Neurons and synapses are incredibly complex. Think you're emulating over 3,000 heterogeneous cores with over half a million links while communication must be low-latency-ish. A third of the links seem to join other links and we don't even know what that does. If there's computation there we'll need even more cores.
Yep, this is already happening. I think it’s called ‘automatic segmentation’.
They perceive what the media tell them, not what’s actually happening, because fear and xenophobia sells newspapers. On average immigrants are younger, more law abiding, more likely to be employed, consume fewer benefits and make less use of health care than native born Britons. Also Britons who live in areas with large immigrant populations are the least concerned about immigration.

As for the crime rate the perception is divorced from reality, I’ll quote from Wikipedia: “The United Kingdom's crime rate remains relatively low when compared to the rest of the world, especially among first world countries.” Our crime rate is a fraction of that in Ukraine before the war. Their murder rate was three times ours.
In case folks were not aware, Fastmail is a Calendar, Contacts, Drive, and Keep replacement too, all built on open standards so you can use your favorite tools to interact with them

Since you're a paying customer, there's no front page posts ever saying "I got locked out of my account and there's no one to call" as with some other free mail provider I can think of
Not many people do this (I do, and have done for many years) because they're too used to unreliable systems. A solid (likely *nix-based) system with a UPS and some sort of a backup/save to non-volatile storage on long power-outage strategy works so well that the risks are well worth living with (on the occasions I've blown it, it's generally been some sudo-related thoughtlessness).

Edit: the one thing I'd like from a ram disk for it to survive a reboot; poking about, most memory contents doesn't change across a reboot but AFAIK no OS has the ability to persist a RAMdisk across a restart.
Everything you need to know about this open source ChatGPT
> I wouldn’t be sanguine about the latter — are you paying attention to Florida?

None of the actors in Florida control the federal executive.
Next.js with Auth.js (formerly Next Auth). For a "batteries included" full stack, I'd also include Prisma and Planetscale for your "ORM" that easily stores your data models into a managed DB. Typescript and TailwindCSS are also highly recommended niceties.

You can deploy a template into production as simple as:

1) npx create-t3-app

2) Create Vercel account linked to your GitHub

3) Set your git remote and 'git commit && git push'

Then for DB:

4) Sign up and push button to create MySQL DB on Planetscale

5) Copy two env vars to .env

6) npx prisma db push

Then, a full stack UI can be as simple as creating a React Server Component that fetches your DB data and displays UI a la:

async function getDataFromDb() {

const data: Data[] = await prisma.data.findMany();
return data;

}

export default async function DataPage() {

const dbData = await getDataFromDb();

return (
<div className="mt-3 grid gap-5 pt-3 text-center md:grid-cols-4 lg:w-2/3">
{dbData.map((dataParam) => <Card data={dataParam}/> )}
</div>
);
}