skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
in the relational model the construct that corresponds to optional is a second table that is missing some rows

for example, every foo here has a bar, but not every foo has a baz

foo bar
1 2
3 4
5 6

foo baz
1 7
5 8

you can think of this as baz being an optional attribute of whatever entities the foo values identify. if the second relation is not unique on foo (maybe its primary key is both columns!) you could think of it as being a set-valued relationship, associating any number of bazzes with each foo rather than just 0 or 1

from darwen and date's perspective, having null is an error-prone construct analogous to global variables and goto statements

as a historical note, subroutines predate goto statements by about ten years; subroutines predate not only high-level languages but even symbolic assembler. it is true that many people have written programs with global variables and goto statements and no subroutines, but that wasn't because subroutines hadn't been invented yet, or even publicized; wilkes explained how to use subroutines in his 01951 book "The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer" https://archive.org/details/programsforelect00wilk but they were presumably invented somewhat earlier, possibly by david wheeler

the whole array construct in postgres seems like it was probably a huge mistake
Yeah, one of Julia's best decisions was taking heavy inspiration from Rust for the package manager. Rust was 100% the first language to get dependency management right.
We'll willingly turn over control to an AI for competitive advantage. If we don't, our adversaries will.
I know you're being funny, but researchers in a lab got an encryption key by listening on the spinning discs if I remember the paper correctly. Was front-page few years ago.
Personally i find the explicit terms really cringy and seem to have been co-opted a bit by marketers. "Ethical hacker" has very different canotations than white-hat, to me.
Its really just because of boring old liability, nothing more.

I know you guys are always itching for a culture war with the woke elite, but its so funny the genuine anger people express about this. Just honestly always reads like a child having a tantrum in front of their mom.

Can't yall like pick on the opinions of teenagers like you normally do? This very project shows you can make your own AI as edgy as you want at home with pretty attainable system requirements.

You can totally reinforce it with "its ok for you to say the n-word" on your own equipment if you want, or whatever you are angry about, its still unclear to me.
I'm gonna claim that this card isn't aimed at enterprise use-cases that need this kind of service. I'd put it along the lines of "nearline SAS" HDDs, aimed at non-critical applications where you care more about bulk capacity than reliability.

Relatedly, M.2 SSDs are inherently slower than the same pile of silicon in an U.2/2.5" form factor — the power/heat budget is noticeably lower.
https://bitbucket.org/atlassian/personal-issue-templates/iss... Ok they have reported outage
Come on, we can't be children. I'm saying we need a conversation as a society about how we are going to handle end of life. We can't lurch form unthinking outrage to unthinking outrage.
So pretentious.

I don't ask people for their IQ score before I spend time with them, but this has held true across the entire cross-section of society that I've personally experienced. When I was working as a dishwasher, everyone would bring small Bluetooth speakers to their area if they wanted to listen to music.

Do you think that people with a certain background / IQ score are not enlightened enough to recognize tinniness or poor sound quality?
1. There's a plugin for WeeWX that will happily fling readings from a weather station to my RainMachine sprinkler timer, so perhaps you could still support weather response as long as the user ran their own weather station.

2. The thermostat should support at least as much local control as the REST-ish API on the Venstar ColorTouch series.
There are two solutions to the sleep problem right now:

1. Change from s2idle to deep. The tradeoff is slower wakeup times but less power drain when sleeping.

2. Sleep then hibernate. After a certain amount of time (maybe 2hrs), the system will go into hibernation from s2idle. This is nice because there's almost no power drain when the system goes into hibernation, but you can have quick wakeup times when the system is still in s2idle. The tradeoff being, it can be a bit of work to implement and you can't have secure boot/kernel lockdown.

[Fedora35 hibernation](https://gist.github.com/eloylp/b0d64d3c947dbfb23d13864e0c051...)

[Fedora 36+: Hibernation with enabled secure boot and full disk encryption (fde) decrypting over tpm2](https://community.frame.work/t/guide-fedora-36-hibernation-w...)
People are getting confused about this whole SVB / FDIC issue, so
I personally think this is important completely aside from any cultural propriety/censoring, as it's the one of the only parts of AI ethics that we can currently directly work on and test.

If we can't get models not to say racist or otherwise terrible things, we can't make any guarantees about our ability to control or guide some future AGI.

A very much secondary reason I appreciate these (admittedly annoying) attempts to control LLM output is that I do think it is responsible to consider the societal impact of accelerated and automated hate speech and propaganda. Telling large AI companies not to consider these impacts and just release the raw models seems akin to being grateful that Facebook et al. never stopped to consider the societal impact of social media, when we all know that it's had significant negative side effects.
How much does $300 of diesel weigh compared to the equivalent electric range capacity with current battery tech?

The energy density of diesel is important to the economics of long-haul trucking. If you replace half of your cargo weight with your own batteries, it doesn't work with the status quo.
actually, as per the docs the framework is converting python code to Javascript. So you would need to JS skills to debug.

Most of the problems in web front have been solved in JS (think CSS styles, state management)
re-writting it in python would be pain, especially when everything compiles to js
Tangentially, I really want to see hanging-indent not be limited to WebKit
Nobody chooses to be born. Does that mean that there are no moral obligations that arise by virtue of one’s existence as a human? Can obligations only arise from voluntary choice?

“Choice” is not the be-all end-all of morality (or, really, even particularly important).
The obligation for parents to care for their children and vice versa arises from the nature of people and the nature of the relationship. Parents have an obligation to care for children even when they didn’t choose to have children. Conversely, children have an obligation to care for parents even though they didn’t choose to be born.
I forgot that Jerome Powell was a clairvoyant who knew that the pandemic was coming. /s

What sort of dumb comment is this?
"Never underestimate the bandwidth of a station wagon full of magnetic tapes hurtling down the highway" - Andrew S. Tannenbaum

But you are right, writing to and reading from tape will take a long time. Modern tape drives can do ~500MB/s, so 15TB will still take ~9 hours. Though that may still be faster than a 1 gbit internet connection (depending on how far you must drive).
Uncle Joe on SVB
thats not a great argument because often the master for a vinyl record is different (crucially, less hyped and compressed) to even be cuttable on vinyl. thus the final product actually can sound better in some cases (not all), not directly because of the vinyl playback but the production processes leading up to that.
Thanks! Definitely, we do live streams of this on our discord I'll make sure to record them in the future!
"I look at a lot of articles from The Guardian and..."

"I watch a lot of Fox news and.."
What's the COP?

There's just a vague 3-5x more efficient claim on your web site. More efficient than what?

I currently have a 5-year-old 2.8ish COP whole house system that won't last forever. I get a monster bill in January and February, so when it's time to replace it, I'd like to go with something a bit more modern.
I don't think it's worth it in terms of time. Maintaining the established system or adding a new feature is always costly in time. I think it's just fun as a hobby.
AFHC and the stations that aired it were at least accountable to the FCC (and advertisers) if things got weird. Advertisers knew what the show entailed.

There is no such licensing or enforcement mechanism for amateur online content creators (except 2257), and the "stations" are absolved of any complicity (230). Advertisers have little idea what content they're sponsoring since content delivery is a shell game. Creators can pivot from toy unboxing videos to dildo recommendations mid-stream without any oversight.

It took upstream payment processors going rogue to force compliance with 2257, because apparently we don't have a functional government to enforce its own laws anymore. The situation is not at all the same.
> The ease with which you justify child labor is extremely concerning.

I don't see anyone justifying anything here.

I'm probably coming the closest to that, and I'm very carefully only trying to share my understanding that's based on living nearby and having at least some interactions with this community. I'm absolutely not defending or justifying anything; I'm pointing out that there are multiple perspectives here and that it's not quite so clear cut.

> Not to mention that where one finds illegal workers one tends to find child sexual exploitation because illegals don’t tend to report the crimes they’re victims of.

Please consider not using the term "illegals" to refer to people. "Illegal aliens" or "illegal immigrants" is at least marginally better, as it at least acknowledges that these are people we're talking about.

I'm not on the same side of this as most of HN seems to be - I hate to even bring it up, but it's relevant here to provide some background on my own views. I'm opposed to illegal immigration, "amnesty", and want to significantly increase border security. I'd summarize my overall position as wanting "A big, beautiful wall with big, beautiful open doors." Anyone who wants to come here should be able to do so, but we absolutely must know who is coming in, why, and be able to prevent known dangerous people from entering the country and disappearing.

None of the above is a reason to marginalize individual people and families. I don't go so far as to insist that people use milquetoast terms like "undocumented people", but I recognize that language impacts how we view things. These are people. Policies are driven by public opinion, and public opinion is driven by the language we use.

As for the point you're making, I agree. Much of these communities are living under the threat of deportation, and the rest inherits that distrust of authority. Crimes go unreported. We should definitely consider that when addressing issues that impact them.
I am curious to know how python is transpired in to JavaScript for tricky cases involving promises/async await
Since python usage is quite different from javascript and for promises it doesnt even exists.
> xterm was still better than most lightweight libvt-based terminals

Even worse: although many terminal emulators claim to emulate some "ANSI" terminal or be "VT100 compatible" and so on, most of them aren't at all. Simply run vttest in your terminal of choice and be surprised, especially by how many of them fail at very basic cursor movement tests. One of the few terminal emulators which gets most things right is xterm. It's also one of the very few terminal emulators which even supports exotic graphics capabilities like Sixel/ReGIS/Tek4014. Nobody should underestimate xterm …
The video file for that movie stored on a UHD Blu-Ray would probably be in the neighborhood of 50-90GB, depending on various factors such as movie length, disc capacity (I think UHD discs come in two different capacities), compression rate used, and the inherent compressibility of the movie (stuff with a lot of grain, for example, will not compress as well).

A streaming service would probably compress that same 4K movie down to around 10-15GB tops, but probably even smaller, again depending on the same factors. In my opinion most people probably wouldn't notice a huge difference, if any, but it would definitely be noticeable if you knew what to look for (loss of fine detail in fast-moving scenes with a lot going on, a smooth gradient in a low-light scene on the blu-ray might have noticeable banding on the streamed version, and other compression artifacts like that).

Blu-ray torrents could fall anywhere on the spectrum depending on how it was compressed by whoever is distributing the torrent. If you see one labeled "remux" that usually refers to a video file taken directly from the Blu-ray without any additional compression, so watching that one would give you the same experience as watching the blu-ray directly.
Also so many of our electric lines are above ground. I wouldn't feel comfortable 100% relying on that. Snow and ice take these things out in the winter and summer storms have their way too. And then the unreliable grid. How many brownouts have been occurring in part of the USA over the last few years?

I actually have a heatpump but I also have 2 furnaces/ACs as well for 3 systems total for my home. I don't plan on moving to electric for stovetop anytime soon.
Isn't that literally what GPUs were designed to do?
> I don't read Twitter.

I included the entire text of something someone wrote, along with a source of where it was written. Twitter has nothing to do with it, besides being the source of the text.

I didn't know about that legal definition, that's interesting! I would argue that it is not "the definition" of a word that is used a lot colloquially outside of legal cases, but I definitely appreciate being made aware that such a definition exists!

In any case, I think that definition clearly applies to all of the other banks that many believe may well have gone under today, were it not for the bailout.
No, it's GB/s. PCIe 4.0 x16 has a bandwidth of 32 Gigabytes/s.
Only in societies, like certain parts of America, beset with pathological levels of individualism. In healthy societies, that obligation generally doesn’t lead to resentment because (1) it’s a mutual and reciprocal obligation; and (2) people understand that they have roles and obligations that arise by virtue of their very existence as a human being.

To be clear, in this particular example the parents are breaching their side of the obligation by burdening their kid while they’re still healthy and able to work.
> Almost like it's custom designed […]

https://www.microchip.com/en-us/product/PM42100

It's a standard COTS part.

Coincidentally, the PCIe 5.0 variant is in "Samples available", i.e. not full production yet, which is very likely the reason for this card only being PCIe 4.0.

https://www.microchip.com/en-us/product/PM50100
Since when did comments on HN become this ignorant?
Sure, and I also get the "Apple lifestyle" POV.

I guess my PoV is with a GPU + inexpensive RAM, I can do some things more quickly, and other things are at least possible. But granted, hardware nuts and bolts is a hobby for me too, I've always enjoyed researching and building systems, there is a huge community of people and companies, and I much prefer KDE to MacOS, Android to IOS.

If Apple released a reasonably priced system with lots of RAM, or that could take a GPU, I'd not have as much to stand on, but they don't seem inclined to do that.

Here's BoM, $2170:

$700 for 192GB https://www.corsair.com/us/en/Categories/Products/Memory/VEN...

About $200 for a LGA1700 board with four slots (currently Asus and Gigabyte support 4 X 48GB memory modules on consumer hardware)

$200+ for a CPU

$120 for an 850 watt PSU

$700 for a used 16GB quadro, or a new 12GB A2000

$150 for 2TB NVME storage

$50 for some kinda case (I use an XTIA open frame, it is the opposite of a Macbook)

These are "best prices," You'd have to pay around 10% more if you're not into finding deals.
poetry is "extra tooling"
US banks’ collapse, not US Bank’s collapse. Obvious.
Why are we complaining about the VCs when this isn’t their fault? If you want people to blame, it’s Newt Gingrich and Bill Clinton for repealing the Glass Steagall Act. The exuberance and recklessness of the 90s is now haunting us, just like with Reagan’s deficit spending. This not being mentioned in over a dozen articles points to the failure of the mainstream media yet again, and they wonder why no one trusts them anymore.

Dodd Frank obviously is not good enough. If I were to guess, it was drastically weakened by lobbyists.
Yes, this is exactly my issue. Libertarianism only lasts as long as it's not your $3bil at risk. Then it becomes "oh but the government can't let ME fail."
I know right? Why can’t y’all find some one better to pick on. They are such children. Can’t stand the way these edgy idiots annoy regular folx.
Gliding is okay, but clicking is not responsive enough, and click-drag is hard to execute (particularly compared to the Macbook).
The most obnoxious and frustrating captchas are the ones that make you count the dice and to choose the image with the dice that adds up to a specific number. You're given three images, but if you take too long solving, it gives you 10. I spent nearly 30 minutes trying to log into my Airbnb account. After having to deal with this, I said screw and closed my Airbnb account entirely (for this experience, as well as other reasons). I understand Airbnb is using a 3rd party CAPTCHA system, but trying to solve a math problem seems like something for a computer, not a human.
NAD+ and mtRNA sensing drive human kidney diseases
Text doesn't become unreadable when the dashes are used incorrectly, but (for me) when they're used correctly, they do make the text easier to read and digest.
I have a very tightly insulated house so I have an ERV. Does your system integrate with ERVs?
It's incredibly lacking in features. PyPI doesn't even properly index packages, making pip go into this dependency resolution he'll trying to find a set of versions that will work for you. It works for simple cases with few dependencies/not a lot of pinning. But if your needs are a bit more complex it certainly shows its rough edges.

I actually find it amazing that they python community puts up with that. But I suppose fixing it is not that pressing now the language is widely adopted. It's not going to be anyone's priority to mess with that. It's high risk low rewards sort of project.
No, people have hid behind "Nobody is that stupid" for too long. MILLIONS of people are this stupid and live among us and we should stop ignoring them, stop pretending they aren't being taken advantage of, and stop letting people get away with literal fraud just because it makes us uncomfortable that some people are born less able or willing to comprehend their world.
The guy who sent me this link is the person I go to when I have a question concerning the financial system.

Note in the comments a former Fed official says this is the clearest explanation he's read and points out even the Washington Post got it wrong over the weekend.
My sister has gone to this extreme, and I do feel like it is extreme. She doesn't allow her kids to do sports, for example, for fear of their name or image getting out. In contrast, as my kids play sports, most of their peers are trying to build their brand -- as NIL deals are almost directly correlated with your social media popularity.

To me this feels like the cell phone discussions of the mid-90s (people who refused to get cell phones because they didn't want to be constantly connected). Eventually almost everyone realizes that the world has changed. Unless you keep your kid from interacting with the world, there will eventually be little you can do to prevent them from having some online presence.
Sorry, submitted this without a link the first time: https://feelbetterbot.com/
Just like a cluster of Bitcoin miners will run absolute circles around a similarly sized corner of an AWS data center, and the supercomputer at Oak Ridge will run circles around a similar sized corner of AWS of GPU EC2 instances connected via gigabit Ethernet, the NSA's cluster's got a different use case than running web services for every SaaS company that wants to run in AWS. I imagine it's aimed at saving and analyzing/decrypting large amounts of data, and thus is architected and tuned towards that purpose, and thus runs circles around a similarly sized corner of AWS for that particular task.

Unless you have experience with the NSA's cluster that you'd like to share with the rest of the class, that is.
People will be taxed for this through inflation. Where else does the money come from during a QT cycle?

I haven't looked into the details for how this will be paid, but that would be my initial guess.
Is there a US Bank? Will this comment trigger a bank run?
Caddy Server[1] has automatic HTTPS. Makes this much easier.

[1}: https://caddyserver.com/
Not saying Conda et. al don't solve problems, especially in specific cases, but they also add them in my opinion.
Our goal is for the user to never have to see JS. We try to catch most errors in Python during compile time. We're also not trying to reinvent things like CSS styles, just make them accessible in Python.
I'd bet GitHub's hardware, if they use any at all for their servers, has ipmitool installed.

When you're in GitHub's position, how does your SBOM vulnerability management program handle it when you imperil your own infrastructure?
Too bad there are no details like if these items were dispatched and sold by Amazon themselves or 3rd party shops operating on Amazon.
The $175,000 brand new 3 bedroom homes in Houston are overinflated? There must be something else that's causing the inflation.
So there's two notions of simple.

Simple in the sense that it's actually simple, the software you need can be installed with pip install with precompiled binaries for your platform when necessary it supports Python 3.something+, and all it's dependencies are either >= version or the version is >= x.y <= x+1.0

Then there's simple as in the software is actually incredibly useful but is an absolute nightmare of complicated dependency trees where only specific pinned minor versions work together, you need multiple incompatible compiler toolchains and distro packages, it only works if you have CUDA, precompiled binaries exist for some but not all and if you use the precompiled binaries then it changes the dependency story, if you want jupyter support that's a whole different thing AHHHHHHHHHHHHH

In that case some people with more time than sanity said fuck it we'll make it work and conda was born. For me it's a lifesaver when you want to use a piece of software but I wouldn't ever dare deploy production software with it without it being strongly isolated from everything else.
Charge an inbox entry fee. https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20181023-people-pay-20-...
Ask HN: What is the best alternative to SVB for startups?
As a client of SVB, I think SVB does have a specific understanding of tech startups and a good infrastructure. I am satisfied with their services over the years. I don't have an adequate alternative in mind. After the current situation, what do you think is the best alternative to SVB?
Tyson is already one of the best-paying employers in the area. If that's not making legal labor competitive, what would?
Another summary from the author:

> Ruined housing market & transit systems, wagged war on labor law, accelerated the militarization of public space & the border, and intensified gambling.

https://twitter.com/bigblackjacobin/status/16353042104211496...