skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
18th largest bank, traded. Data and analysis is available easily. Also CRO seems to have been working for NY Fed for a long time, so she definitely knew what she was getting into.

> Prior to SMBC, Olson held senior risk management roles at other leading global financial institutions. She also has rating agency experience, as well as experience in professional services advising large- and medium-sized financial institutions on evolving regulations, risk management and stress testing following the 2008 financial crisis. Olson began her career at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, where over a period of 10 years she held a variety of senior policy, regulatory and examination roles in banking supervision.
If the CEO was correct, wonder why they sold £3m of their stocks in the weeks leading up to this? https://archive.is/0WCkf
Ask HN: What’s the optimal approach for KNN (K- Nearest Neighbor)?
The distinction goes to use case, and helps the hammer and nail programmers not get into arguments with the screwdriver and screws programmers over which is better - a hammer or a screwdriver? Of course, we as an industry love to argue, but I do think there is some use in having a distinction. Systems programmers have other programmers as users, application programmers have people as users. B2B vs B2C.
Addition: both the Japanese and the S Korean governments have in the past been concerned about the deeply ingrained trend to spend too much time at work. One of their countermeasures was the introduction of the 'Golden Week' where they put many national holidays in close vicinity to each other during summer, enabling employees to have many consecutive free days with taking only a few 'bridge' days (between two holidays). Also of interest here, in Japan when a national holiday falls on a Sunday, the 'free' part of it gets moved to Monday, so workers don't loose it.
> Simply because the very basic sounds of sanskrit "Chha" (छ), "Tri" (त्र), "Gya"(ज्ञ), compound sounds, halants and visargas are not present in any script before ....

Wrong Brahmi was capable of representing Sanskrit sounds.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmi_script

> Simply because much of (Brahman Dharm) Hinduism was invented after the invention of Devanagri script in 11 century.

With this statement you have denied the foundational claim of Buddhism. You have also disowned numerous philosopher of Buddhism. If Sanatan Dharma didn't exist what exactly was being reformed by Buddha?

> Also The classical sanskrit in which all Brahman Text (Hindu text) is written cannot be written in any Indian script before 11th century.

Classical Sanskrit?? Are you claiming Vedas were written in classical Sanskrit? Then Vedic Sanskrit was used for exactly what? Vedic books are transmitted in Vedic Sanskrit which had more sounds than classical Sanskrit. On top of that Vedas are shruti (heard) and they are transmitted orally even to this day.I hope you know about 6 pre- requisite (vedangas)required to read Vedas . First vedanga is Sikhsa which si about correct pronunciati. Chandas comes second and defines the metre of the Vedic hymns.

> Vedas dont prescribe anything in terms of rejecting books, 33% of Rig Veda is only talk fire burning rituals and Indra ...

Which part of veda teaches commandment and asks the followers to be the blind followers? What is wrong in 33% of rigved praising universe and nature. Is regressive but Buddh vandana is progressive?

> You must also address Bhavishya Puran.

Produce the questionable reference first and then we can debate.

On that note you also address the birth based castism and misogyny of Buddhism.

Ariguttara Nikaya (II.35) "beings/ puggalas" are of four categories:
a)tamo tama parayano, of miserable birth and bound for misery
b)tamo jyoti parayano, of miserable birth but bound for happiness
c)joti tama parayano, of happy, good birth but bound for misery

https://ia800205.us.archive.org/11/items/pt1samyuttanikay00p...

I can produce more references directly from Buddhist text. I challenge to do the same from Vedas and related text.

Regarding your 11th century claim. Brahmin produced Vedas, upvedas, vedangas, upnishads, brahman granths, aranykad, arthshastras,plays and poetry of kalidas,bharthari, numerous astronomy, mathematics books, 6 schools of philosophy, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagwad Gita 11th century onwards when India was attacks from the invaders. I nstead of defending kingdoms, these large projects were started by the ruling class.
Yeah, that too, although correct me if I'm wrong, but to me, Lisbon's housing issues seem to be self inflicted by prioritizing Airbnbs and housing for tourists and rich crypto-bro nomads at the expense of its own citizens.

Could probably be fixed if the Portuguese would vote right, no? Meaning it's more of a political issue than an economical one.
> Demand deposit holders getting wiped out is unthinkable. Taking any non-negligible haircut on their demand deposits (yes, even over $250k) will destroy confidence in the banking industry. This is far worse than the moral hazard of a bailout.

Says who? 2/3 of amercians live paycheck-to-paycheck [1]. The only thing that a banking system has to provide them is day-to-day operations plus a small cushion (much smaller than 250k).

For that people accumulating over 250k is a privilege, one thay may as well come with the risk of getting it wiped out in very rare events such as this one.

[1] https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/23-of-the-us-popula...

> yet tons of people think this is "socializing losses and privatizing gains."

Think about the 2/3rds of americans above. Why shouldn't they think that?
The problem with that distinction is that the word “system” doesn’t get to have a say in any of it.

A system is something that is put together from smaller, distinct components in such a way that it has emergent properties not inherent in its components.

Is systems programming to provide such components so they can be put together by application programmers?

If yes, then “lower level” is entirely relative. A component might be a hardware driver, a service in the cloud or a set of primitives in your game engine.

This would also mean that the term is recursive. Anyone who is programming components or larger parts of a system that can be put together is now systems programming.

So the web developer who handles content negotiation for both end user consumption (html) and further processing (json) is now systems programming?

It’s all a bit confusing with this term.
Crypto was supposed to liberate you from the traditional banksters. Instead it’s an impenetrable smokescreen where you’ve got uninsured credit risk with institutions in Silicon Valley and the Bahamas and who knows where, and you won’t know until the edifice cracks and your money is stuck. Not a terrific improvement.

Of course the Bitcoin maximalists will shake their heads, mutter about self-custody, and then go on conducting their actual finances in dirty fiat because Bitcoin is nearly impossible to use for anything that people actually want to do.
Are you saying he's in denial about the nature of his politics?

> And he’s not about to become a Democrat, either. (“I don’t want to join a party that is destroying every single fucking city,” he told me. “They’re screwing up left and right.”)
Afaik, data-oriented approach doesn't use classes to encapsulate behavior.
I made the mistake of searching that word, I don't recommend it.
Fractional reserve banking absolutely does not create money[1]. It creates credit exactly the same as if you lend a friend of yours some of your money. You now have an asset (the loan) and your friend has a liability (the debt) and the amount of M1 or M2 money in supply has not changed.

The explainer videos I have seen are wildly wrong. I learned this stuff by reading the Basel accords [2], working with banking regulators and central bankers, working on banks' capital reserve models etc. That is to say I know how this actually works because I have been inside the sausage-making process for good or ill - I didn't learn it second-hand from someone who probably also learned it second-hand which is the feel I get from these videos.

Almost any time you see someone "explain" fractional reserve banking it is about 99% probably total bullshit. It's got to the point where "fractional reserve" is almost a trigger phrase for me - I know when I hear it that it is highly likely the speaker doesn't know what they are talking about. Almost like when you hear the word "fiat currency" you know it's very likely someone is going to try to shill you some crypto. An explanation which is not nonsense is here. [3] Fractional reserve banking means the bank doesn't need to keep the full amount of deposits in reserve, but can use some percentage to make loans. These loans are assets the bank has, but as with the example I gave above where you lend to a friend, no additional money is created in this process and when a bank does it, it's not fundamentally any different.

[1] You can find the definitions of M1 and M2 money and a good explanation of what's included in the definition of "money" here https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/moneysupply.asp

[2] Which are not secret by the way - you don't have to be initiated into the templars or something to understand them. They are boring as all hell to read but otherwise reasonably understandable with a little bit of background https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/

[3] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fractionalreservebankin...
We bought two domain names to prove it!
Haha, after a decade of FUD, turns out USDT were more cautious and diligent with their funds, than the "regulated and transparent" USDC. Still risky, of course. No substitute to holding proper BTC.
I found Azeria's tutorial nice, although I stopped midway after an interruption few weeks ago:

https://azeria-labs.com/writing-arm-assembly-part-1/
Websites as the atomic matter of the internet
I mean both Californian and federal regulators have specifically published press releases saying that the bank is actually insolvent...
I don't understand this, could you clarify? If they have so much more money than the requirements demand, what is the point of lowering the requirements? Who does it help?
Amazing. Thank you very much !
SVBUK Taken in to Insolvency
So now I got hooked to this: Say May 1st is a holiday but it's Sunday this time around. Sunday's free anyway, Monday's free, too, because they shift it. If it so happens that Wednesday is another holiday, then you can take Tuesday off to have four consecutive days off for the price of one (plus whatever free time you get on Saturdays).
No. Checks clear in 24 business hours, and fedwire wire transfers work same day if they are submitted early enough, and in no case more than 24 business hours (for domestic wires). Oftentimes domestic fedwire transfers are nearly real-time, and there is a plan for further modernization to speed things up in more cases.

ACH transfers are also 24 business hours.

The check clearing thing is called Check 21 and it was a big thing back in 2004 when it went into effect.

https://www.federalreserve.gov/paymentsystems/regcc-faq-chec...
What is worse is we allow the mistakes to go unpunished - because then we will have more episodes like this down the line. If there are no consequences then the bad practise will continue. Anything that breaks away from the survival of the fittest is abdication of long term success in favour of short term stability. I don think that is a good trade for the system as a whole.
Everything in this comment is your personal anecdote. You can't defend a thesis (in this case, that "WF is probably one of the last bad options") without actual data.

For example, the thesis that Wells Fargo has a predatory stance towards its customers can be supported with the following:

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/wells-fargo-scandals-the-comp...

https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/15/investing/wells-fargo-bank-ea...

https://hbr.org/2016/10/the-leadership-blind-spots-at-wells-...

https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/20/investing/wells-fargo-cfpb-fo...
Because a long time ago I understood that the value of my salary has to come from somewhere.

If that somewhere is ads, tracking, or other types of surveillance capitalism, then I'm not interested.

All of the biggest companies in the world are complicit. Google, Facebook, Amazon, etc. They should all be burnt to the ground.

If you work at one of these companies and enjoy a fat paycheck, you should take a long look in the mirror and ask yourself whether you are ok with the price that society as a whole pays for you to be able to make bank.
I wrote a fairly long comment the other day in another thread that explains how the visas and AirBnBs are just the icing on the cake.

It's very much the legacy of decades of neglect from property owners and lobbying from the building industry, compounded by bad government regulation.
USCIS Issues New Guidance on International Entrepreneur Program
The new USCIS International Entrepreneur Parole rules:

https://www.uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-3-part-g-chapter-...
> someone else unknowingly gives you a stock for free and then you sell it

Lends it for a fee, right?
Box64 – Linux Userspace x86_64 Emulator Targeted at ARM64 Linux Devices
This isn't about Wells Fargo making "risky bets" in any way that involes loss of funds or can spread to other banks. This is simple buggy consumer facing software that can't manage to get correct info into a web browser.
A black hole materializes if that happens.
Photographs That Reshaped Sport
What's the cutoff for that, usually? $5,000,000 USD?
Mainly because interest rates are lower. In the US the mortgage rate is ~7%, in at least some countries in northern Europe it is ~3%. And it used to be 1-2% recently. This however doesn't mean there aren't also a lot of inequality in Europe.
Talking pragmatics, what are the chances any random coffee shop in the USA would take your money if all you got were $100 bills?
I guess I'm confused. If you're willing to consider governments (makes sense to me!), we are informed that the Achaemenid Empire (roughly 2 million square miles, mid-6th-century to mid-4th-century BC) was divided into 20 "tribute" districts: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxation_districts_of_the_Acha...

The smallest amount of tribute listed there is more than five and a half tons of silver. If we make the assumption that each of these districts was handled by a different person, we already have a staff of 20 people plus the king.

(Not to mention, the large majority of Achaemenid taxation was not collected in this form. It was collected in kind and stored in an empire-wide system of distributed warehouses. I assume metal tribute was centralized. If you think the warehouse administrators - who inventory the goods and are responsible for making payments out of them - are "responsible for money", you're probably adding at least a couple dozen more people.)

By contrast, https://www.theofficialboard.com/org-chart/exxonmobil suggests that the top two levels (including the board) of Exxon total 26 people, or (excluding the board as a level, but still including the CEO) 24 people. The CEO has 13 direct reports.

So if the argument is that ancient kingdoms were below the personal trust threshold because the king had a low - and therefore manageably trustworthy - number of direct reports, it appears to be the case that our largest corporations today are also comfortably below the personal trust threshold, so there was never any need to exceed the threshold and in fact we never have.

(This isn't quite an apples-to-apples comparison; maybe there are 20 tribute administrators who report to a high overseer of tribute who reports to the king. Maybe each tribute administrator is one of five reporting to a low overseer of tribute, the four low overseers report to a high overseer, and he reports to the king. I don't know. How many employees do you think Exxon has who are directly responsible for submitting revenue totals in excess of three million dollars?)

On the other hand, if we think Exxon is beyond the personal trust threshold by virtue of its geographic extent (huge!), or its total number of employees (huge!), or its total number of employees touching money with the potential opportunity to steal that money (still huge!)... I think we have to say the same thing about ancient palaces, and really about ancient temples. A temple might "only" employ a few hundred people, but that's more people than you can personally trust. An important temple employed a few thousand people.
Decrease working hours. Unless you have unusually high energy levels, full-time work is the grip of death.
Ultimately, no amount of technology will ever beat the speed of light. Running locally will always have a lower latency floor.
You're half right. First, tensor operations are only a small part of modern ML. Second, how you plug all those small operation together is where all the performance difference is had these days between implementations.

Different hardware have a variety of different small operations that do almost the same thing. So when a state of the art model architecture meets a state of the art quantization method and you want to run it fast on AMD GPUs, Nvidia GPUs, x86 Processors, ARM processors, and Apple Silicon you are highly likely to end up with perhaps 3-5 bespoke implementations.

This happens every few months in ML. Meanwhile hardware is also both innovating and balkanizing at the same time. Now we have Google Silicon, Huawei Silicon, and Intel Arc GPUs. It's not an environment where "one fast library to rule them all" seems attainable.
Personally, I prefer Roulette if I want to gamble with my money.
I've been programming in JS for years now and only picked up clojure last september. I love it. I started with "Clojure for the Brave and True" and then went on to solve codewars challenges and make web apps in clojurescript.

I completely agree with your point about learning something different. Clojure is really good at handling immutable data, lazy evaluation, macros. So you can write elegant code that would be inefficient/unweildy in something like js or python
It's 1:1 until they cannot process withdrawals anymore then it's 0:1. If I had any money in USDC right now I would try to withdraw asap.
-- two causes --

(1) SVB assumed low interest rates would continue, took risk.

(2) 94% of SVB's deposits are uninsured by FDIC (40-50% is typical), meaning there are big sum deposits that go past $250,000. Customers took some counterparty risk.

After the letter came in 1 + 2 -> bank run.

-- what happens --

Everyone gets the insured $250k quickly. Rest is stuck for possibly long time. Most of it will be recovered eventually, but some small percentage might be lost.

There will be local liquidity crisis in the valley in the order of $50 billion at least, but other banks can give emergency bridge loans against assets stuck in SVB once they figure out how much they are worth.

"The mood" of the market is ruined. Risk analysis tightens. Some other wheels may drop.
Elon Musk once said:

"So, there's quite a big keep-out zone, and when you factor the keep-out zone into account, the solar panels put on that area would typically generate more power than that nuclear power plant."

I always wondered if that is really true?
Are you kidding me? People should feel guilty about getting paid? What a marvelous perspective, long live the oligarchy?

Instead of making 600k and using that to fund whatever political causes or charities I should work for less and allow that nicer company to lobby politicians on my behalf?

And then you wonder why corporations control democracies so easily.

For everyone else reading: if your work is honest and legal and you don't have to violate your conscious to perform the duties assigned to you the make as much as you can. Fulfill your responsibility to your family and community firsr and the worry about the world. Use your own money to influence politics instead of using employment activism, investor activism, social media cancelling,etc... to lobby for causes. Talk to and convince your peers. This is how you fight for democracy and democracy is dying because people are allowing proxies like their employers to speak for them. Companies have no place at all in democratic discourse. It is "we the people" not "we the corporations".

This is why shit like your healthcare being tied to your employer is a thing!
Oh yes. Just searched the meaning of “cunny” and went oops, no no, not that word.
The simple answer is that you don’t find time for everything, and you never will.

Schedule each day in a calendar and put as much effort into planning not to do things as you do into planning to do things. Accept that there’s a season for everything, and not only can you not do it all at once, you can’t do it all, period. And that’s okay. Real achievement comes from sacrifice, not the eager experience hoarding of a dilettante.
Very cool. I've seen some people running 4-bit 65B on dual 3090s, but didn't notice a benchmark yet to compare.

It looks like this is regular 4-bit and not GPTQ 4-bit? It's possible there's quality loss but we'll have to test.

>4-bit quantization tends to come at a cost of substantial output quality losses. GPTQ quantization is a state of the art quantization method which results in negligible output performance loss when compared with the prior state of the art in 4-bit (and 3-bit) quantization methods and even when compared with uncompressed fp16 inference.

https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/9
So basically the rapid increase in interest rates combined with lack of diversity in the bank’s clientele and investment choices quickly turned SVB into a collapsing inadvertent pyramid scheme?
I dont think we have a very strong culture of leaders and an informed populace currently to definitely state that whatever comes after is better

The current system was forget in the furncace of extreme bravery and duty . A fledging nation was taking on the superpower of the time (UK). Every single founding father was taking direct personal risk to themselves and their families by declaring indeoendence.

The level of bravery needed for this is astonishing. The people doing this literally had no self-interest in doing so. What leaders can you find today with the same sense of duty that are able to negotiate this country into a better deal?

The answer is there arent any and anything new we put in place today will look like a disaster vs what we have now.

Its insane to discard a 250yr old system that has outlived 2 world wars and most competing systems, because some of its features have been gamed.

Instead, you make mods. (Term limits being one).
I'd say "self-employed" is essentially being a contractor or owner-operator, with no or very few employees and focused on facilitating the work for themselves (and possibly their immediate family), not growth & scaling & expansion.

Entrepreneurs start companies that are meant to grow beyond themselves and aren't just a legal framework to provide their work.

Not to disparage anyone who's self-employed. I am too, but I wouldn't consider me an entrepreneur. I might become one, but that would mean changing my work setup.
I haven't had any problems running one 24/7 for half a decade now. I suppose it depends on your peripherals and load though.
Matt Levine at Bloomberg, who really knows what he is talking about and doesn't work at a bank, explains here why the situation at SVB is fairly unique https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2023-03-10/startu...
LLaMA it doesn't require any system RAM to run.

It requires some very minimal system RAM to load the model into VRAM and to compile the 4bit quantized weights.

But if you use pre-quantized weights (get them from HuggingFace or a friend) then all you really need is ~32GB of VRAM and maybe around 2GB of system RAM for 65B. (It's 30B which needs 20GB of VRAM.)