skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> It's much harder to detect a bad unsigned value. You can think of the sign bit as a bad value bit for values that are supposed to be positive.

You can also think of NaNs and infinities as bad value markers for values that are almost certainly supposed to be finite values. You can also think of the CPU's overflow flag as a bad value marker for signed arithmetic that wrapped around. In these cases Java happily allows me to compute logically incorrect values (I'm aware of Math.addExact etc.). Such bad value bugs happen, and sure they can often lead to exceptions, but not always, and often not immediately so that they are easy to track down. I still don't think unsigned values are somehow different in this regard and must be checked.

> Those few who wish to work with unsigned types can do so efficiently in Java with the unsigned methods in Integer and Long that were added in JDK 8

Those are helpful because they allow one to get things done, but from the point of view of usability they are the worst of both worlds. They are verbose and unchecked. Porting some tricky crypto or math intrinsic from a specification or a reference C implementation becomes unnecessarily hard: The verbose method names obscure the similarity in the code, and you have no help from the type system to check whether you used the unsigned variants in all the right places. I had the joy of fixing such a bug just a week or two ago.

If I'm doing unsigned arithmetic I need to keep track in my head which values to treat as unsigned. Any later comparison on such values should use Integer.compareUnsigned, but the language doesn't help enforce this. This is exactly what type systems are for. Sure I might still compute wrong unsigned values, bugs happen. But at least I would be applying the intended operations. Telling users to go ahead and compute unsigned values but then allowing them to apply logically incorrect operations on them is actually dangerous. Here you're suddenly not so convinced that the language should be strict?

> A popular library may choose to return sizes as unsigned values

Unlikely. If there are no implicit conversions between signed and unsigned, there's not much you could actually do with such values without lots of casts, unlike in C and C++. Users would rightly complain about making the library harder to use for no benefit. I don't see this happening.

In fact, almost the only thing you could easily do with such a size is do arithmetic on it and then pass the result back into the library as an index. If you got things wrong, the library will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException. This is exactly what you said why it's OK for signed index calculations to become negative, because "most uses would result in an immediate exception". This would be just as easy or hard to debug as an AIOOBE due to signed arithmetic going wrong.

Anyway. I know I won't change your mind. I get that the feature is not important enough to change the language spec. It's just not worth it? OK, sure. But I don't buy the safety argument.
I’m not a doctor and your ENT is, you should listen to them and not me. I shouldn’t have said “Prevailing theory”, that gives the wrong impression. Makes it seem like “this is what doctors think” when it’s actually just what I think. I’ll edit that.

I did have a semi-automated method for causing those noise jumps, I’ll see if I can find it for you. Well, I looked, and can’t find it. It’s on a lost machine. One should always keep backups, but one rarely does. I do recall the basic structure of my solution, it was a kludge job with an AppleScript that set system volume to a random amount and a shell script that slept a random number of seconds, ran the AppleScript, and ran itself again. I vaguely recall it was hard to find programmatic system-wide equalizer settings but that may be different now, and it may be different in Linux/Windows too. It was not a comfortable experience, it definitely made listening to music into an exercise like running on a treadmill, but subjectively it was very helpful. I do recall getting the idea for this from reading medical literature on hyperacusis, so theoretically there might be some scientific support for it, but I have no citations to give.
I like to call it the Universal Wavefunction, or Everettian theory. The splitting into many worlds is just a side effect.

That said, any discussion of this theory should mention the rather puzzling issue that gravitation is nonlinear, and thus it would be impossible for there to be a superposition of worlds in each of which general relativity works as observed.
I'm not really in the mood to play the game of figuring out what you're trying to say a second time today, sorry.

But you're wrong. Any serious researcher working on the foundations of quantum mechanics agrees that MWI is the most austere. That includes the ones who prefer a different interpretation. You can disagree with the whole field if you want. You do you, I guess.
>Never been in the military I’m guessing…
No, I haven't but a lot of my family and friends have. I do understand though, my great uncle Don used to make my dad and uncle move a cord of wood to one side of the fence one day, and then the next day he'd say "what'dya do that for? Move it back!" then wink at his wife. As a Norwegian Lutheran immigrant, the prevailing attitude was "We can't let those boys have idle hands", and they all went along with it. Don came over and landed in Idaho where he found work as a lumberjack. He got paid based on his output and took it upon himself to chop down a whole forest by hand, as legend goes. Anyway, the dude went hard, made a ton of money, and was able to use that to own a bunch of successful businesses and stuff. He wasn't going to let those kids miss out.

All that said, and while I see its importance, I was saying 'important' work to refer to things that wouldn't be if the person didn't do it themselves. Like if I'm being trained to write, it wouldn't have much value at all unless I was the one doing the writing. At the end of the day, it never mattered where the logs were.

I'm coming from a place where it really doesn't matter to me or my team as to what tools, techniques, or languages are used, so long as it solves we're all okay with owning the results of that approach. It is absolutely unimportant to bash your head against the wall to solve some concurrency lock issue, not when you haven't shipped, not when your infra is already built for parallelism. But let's say that you need a lock for business logic to work, synchronous transactions aren't viable. When something (such as concurrency) does matter, the business still doesn't care how its implemented. It is important that it implements the business logic correctly, consistently, and can evolve with the business' priorities in a way that future engineers are able to implement them safely, even promptly. Assuming all stands of Quality are met or exceeded, it is irrational for me and unfair for the business to reject it. IDGAFF if it came from a CoPilot/ChatGPT response, offshore salary triage, or some other 'crime against society' that I haven't heard of. If an engineer isn't handing in quality work, then we need to dig into why that's happening. Its usually not because of a tool.
The Ukrainian proxy war has the WarCorps salivating over future profits. So far, Ukraine has been pocket change.

How much did we spend on Afghanistan and Iraq?

https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/

Somewhere around 8T. 800 James Webb telescopes!
There is no outside world in the "universal wavefunction" theories.
There are far more empty houses in the US than there are homeless people. We do not need more houses, we need to stop allowing parasites to hold houses hostage for personal profit.
That explains much better: pipx is basically python cli related ops. Thanks for the ELi5 explanation
Personally speaking, both presence and intensity of dreams has almost a direct 1:1 correlation with how much I've learned or participated in mentally challenging tasks the day prior.

Most of the times I don't remember having dreamt are those when I've been more or less living on autopilot, with nothing novel in work or leisure time. Recently I've had an explosion of vivid dreams that lines up almost perfectly with doing things I'd not had prior experience with when programming in both work and hobby projects.

I've been on a pretty consistent one cup of coffee and occasional second cup over the course of the pandemic. The only way caffeine impacts my sleep is if I have it past 1-2PM, in which case I find it harder to fall asleep and may wake up periodically but will still dream.
Now chatgpt makes makes meaningless writing especially ugly. I predict the blurb’s swift demise.
> I was assuming you were arguing for something like the copenhagen interpretation. It sounds like you're not, but I don't understand what interpretation you're referring to where the wave function takes the shape of another wave function. Do you mean that there is one universal wave function, but the "collapse" is one where the universal wave function discontinuously changes to reflect a probability distribution where (say) a particle's position has much less uncertainty? What is this interpretation called?

Wave function collapse is an observed phenomena, this has no interpretation at all, its just taking what we observe and say "this is what we observe". I'm not sure why you call out "wave function collapse" as something strange or alien to quantum mechanics, it is one of the core parts.

In the basic quantum mechanic course every physics student takes nowhere do they say "quantum waves collapses to pointwise particle states", they say "quantum waves collapses to eigenstates of quantum waves". So, wave function collapse is just what we call the observed phenomena that when we measure a quantum wave it takes the shape of one of the eigenstates of the measurement. That is all it is, and that is true regardless if you have a MWI or a Copenhagen, or like me a "quantum waves behave weirdly during some interactions" interpretations of quantum mechanics. And I think my interpretation makes the least assumptions, we have quantum waves, and during some interactions they collapse to one of its eigenstates of that interaction. That is the purest form of quantum mechanics, no need to do more than that.

Edit: And trying to argue about more interpretations than that is like trying to invent some divine interpretation of Newtons laws of motions etc. Those are just descriptions of how things behaves.
I don't consume any caffeine, and I have extremely vivid dreams almost every night.

The other thing I've noticed is people who smoke a lot of weed seem to report a lack of dreams.
Instead of VS, buy two IDEs on top of MSDN, great.

SQL Server Stored Procedures, which can be written in .NET, as SQL Server hosts the CLR. This includes the whole debugging and deployment stuff.

Architecture tooling means Enterprise Architect level not basic PlantUML stuff.

MSDN licenses are always part of Windows development workshops, the only question is choosing between professional or enterprise.

So anything JetBrains is always extra.
I aimed to eliminate duplicates of URLs using that approach in Java. Do they resolve to the same IP? Same URL.
For me, it was about expectations. I.e. I never expected a career to be a great, grand thing. So, when I was bored and tired of my CS studies (not to mention actual jobs that came after it), I just took it as a natural state of things, and plodded on regardless. 20 years later, I'm 41, financially independent and basically retired.
I don't care for cruise ships in general. But aside from your over the top comment, I don't actually expect the average cruise ship passenger is especially rich. It seems like a pretty middle class activity by Western standards.
I use an ultra wide with my M1 Pro. It’s actually pretty great. I agree on the on the windows manager. I use rectangle app for that.
Making spirits is a science. Chemistry and biology.
Thank you. I would love for someone go down this rabbit hole and see what they find. Maybe it turns out the answer is "none of the above" but these feel like productive lines of inquiry.
Earlier today I came across this on Scott Aaronson's site:

"Also, are the ultimate equations that govern the universe “real,” while tables and chairs are “unreal” (in the sense of being no more than fuzzy approximate descriptions of certain solutions to the equations)? Or are the tables and chairs “real,” while the equations are “unreal” (in the sense of being tools invented by humans to predict the behavior of tables and chairs and whatever else, while extraterrestrials might use other tools)? Which level of reality do you care about / want to load with positive affect, and which level do you want to denigrate?"

https://scottaaronson.blog/?p=3628
And probably hasn't been optimized nearly as much as it could. It's clearly meant as a fun tech demo / early exploration.
How much money (hourly) are you offering and how much does your product cost?

I'd be willing to accept $100/hr from someone I'm paying $100/month to, but I wouldn't care for $25/hr from someone I'm paying $25/year to.
The first chapter is very different to the rest of the book.
I hated the first chapter so much it took me about 5 tries to get through it, but then I really enjoyed the rest of the book.
I recommend pyenv, pyenv-virtualenv, and poetry for Mac development these days. It’s a nice modern experience.

If you don’t care about different Python versions then the built in “python3 -m venv” is fine and you can drop pyenv. You can use Poetry to make and manage virtual envs too.

If you don’t need lock files (say you are doing ML or solo scripting) then pip with requirements.txt is fine. Lock files start to become useful when you are collaborating with a team so you know you have exactly the same deps (so theoretically the same behavior).
Physically you'd still need to have the camera on, and having the "your webcam is in use" LED become ever-presently on defeats the ability to detect when the camera is actually being used as a camera.
Haven't read it yet but keywords like Secret Service, ICE,and fake cell tower spying are music to my ears
Yes, the collapse of the wave function is ... when the wave function collapses from representing a superposition of multiple states to representing one state ("collapses to eigenstates of quantum waves"). It. Does. Not. Happen. With. MWI. The single universal wave function always just keeps evolving according to the normal rules.
I remember reading a paper that analysed the Yamaha NS10 and came to the conclusion that they were not just some shitty speakers but actually had some exceptional qualities like their transient response. It probably was the one linked in this article: https://www.soundonsound.com/reviews/yamaha-ns10-story
And what percentage of the population are major shareholders - to the point that their share holding makes a substantial impact or gives them a significant say in the running of the company? It is the 1% who own 53% of stocks who are the ones who he and the board listens to.

Are you really happier having a higher burden of taxation because of Buffett and others using these (albeit technically legal) means to avoid paying theirs - whether you like what the government does with those taxes or not?
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/License_compatibility GPL Compatability

"That is, their code can be combined with a program under the GPL without conflict, and the new combination would have the GPL applied to the whole (but the other license would not so apply)."
The simplicity is nice and the focus on privacy and offline availability also good additions. However it is very bare bones, but straight to the point.. pls consider adding fancy features like photo scan (of receipts/ statements) to text and import from csv.
Cynical take, but probably popular in today's social media. I don't think it's right to say building a company is only based on random chance. It clearly also involves at least some skill.
Absolute cope in the twitter comments, and it's weird seeing this on HN, which (at least historically) was a pretty entrepreneur-friendly forum. Yes, we get it, Zuck and Gates and Jobs were "lucky." But that doesn't mean starting a business is like going to the race track, and this extreme oversimplification reminds me of equally-reductive positions (solipsism, nihilism, etc.) where zero knowledge is imparted, and therefore zero knowledge is gained.
Being American, I've been put off by the French (or maybe just Gallimard's?) way of doing things, which is to put the author's name in very bold print on the front, and on the back a short passage from the book which may or may not be representative of the book as a whole. Am I supposed to infer from the style of those few sentences whether the book is going to be good? Because as a non-native reader of French I don't feel competent to do that. (And I doubt that many readers can.) And all those cream or off-white covers! Don't get me started.

Having said that, the last American book I bought after studying the blurb and the award medallion was bad enough that I didn't finish reading it.
Hopefully something good and decentralized like Mastadon
Can the whistleblower start the video right after they open the valve themselves?
Ask HN: Advice for a 25 yr old moving to SF?
25 yrs old. Been programming since I was ~13. Grew up in a small town. Maybe spent a total of 7 months living in a big city.

Looking to move to SF in a month or two (will try out a STR first, and if I like that then I'll commit).

My main goals are to :
1. Be around more like minded people (especially with tech and business)
2. Increase my business opportunities and expand my mindset.
3. Make lifelong friends
4. Form mutually beneficial relationships (wrt business/tech)

To be clear, I run a mobile game dev studio with my family, so I have plenty busy with my own projects (not looking for work), but I want to get ahead of the curve some more and increase my opportunities.

Don't think anyone wants to read my life story, so I'll leave it at that.

Any advice? General or specific, I'll take anything.
But, as someone mentioned in another comment, the fact that we can detect a 1 m objects doesn't mean that we can detect all of them, far from that. Same for larger ones, we just have more chances of detecting those than 1 m-sized ones.
How does shift-lock work?

NM: https://twitter.com/gregnacu/status/1632080241316225027

What about restore?
Believe me I tried all combinations, lowercase and uppercase, it would just freeze, as if it was trying to get my session back, but it wouldn't do anything. It happened often, and I would lose my sessions, so I learnt to use tmux, and that's what I've been using for ten years.
Most home users don't have color laser printers.

Printer identification has only been seen in color lasers (and some weird inkjets).

Lasers, especially cheaper ones, naturally DO have laser variances, etc. There isn't enough data in a b&w laser to leave a serial.

But let's say that you mess up and do leave a serial number... that's not useful. How many people register their printers? How many people buy printers from third parties or, gasp, second hand?

The printer serial code is useful only when you have the printer already and want to ask if it produced a given document. "This came from a Xerox printer with serial number xyz" isn't useful information for identifying a leaker from your corporate staff.

If you are worried about it, buy a crappy thrift store printer and donate it somewhere else.
I only ever found one foolproof system to win the lottery, and it allowed me to win on every single ticket. I owned a retail store that sold lottery tickets. The retailer gets a small commission on every sale, and one on any ticket cashed in at the store.
Which means they have enough political support to stop it
The blog we are reading right now is Shopify's blog

tbh I gave up reading after the bit I quoted and hadnt actually clocked it was a Shopify blog (didnt spot the little icon in the corner or look at the url)

Still, I stand by my refrain "Why does it always have to be about shopping" as a refrain that is rarely out of place
> It’s unbelievable how much it feels like the OP-1 field is floating out of the screen. It’s almost as if you could reach out and grab it.

I can certainly agree with that, it's a real solid brusspup[0]-level illusion... but I'm not sure what to do with that, practically speaking, beyond "oh that looks cool." It kind makes me wonder whether my standards for 'immersive' are significantly different than theirs.

[0] https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeQEKFH31vvD-InkTGSvCrA
Definitely, game worlds where you build persistent realities is a huge component, it goes beyond fortnite and minecraft to things like Valheim or the latest MMO, but also I think includes the collective experience of less social games like Elden Ring, or whatever the community is centering around. I include Youtube and Twitch because you can see how strong a lot of those communities are and the amount of money that's changing hands there, I think it's an important component. The chat might seem toxic, but there is a very large subculture happening in there and it moves between the in game experiences, youtube clips, chat rooms, and twitch chats. I'd consider them all part of the same ecosystem.
https://web.archive.org/web/20230304124849/https://radex.io/...
One is more common that the other. And size matters. The smaller this object was, the more likely it will be to happen again. So it's exact size and composition matters when calculating future likelihoods.
been to countless electronic gatherings and can attest that streams are definitely a thing. finding the right spot to stand mostly still can be difficult
> And the history of why we do that has some none-too-egalitarian reasons behind it.

Nope, the gender of ships and countries an arbitrary fluke of language and culture. In English ships are female but in Russian ships are male. Russians speak of the Motherland, but German speakers use Fatherland. Americans speak of Uncle Sam and Lady Liberty. It's arbitrary and nothing to get worked up about.
I don't own AirPods, but one of the things that I've struggled with after the proliferation of headphone jack removal is that on all the Bluetooth headphones/earbuds I've tried the lowest volume setting is still too loud. I normally use Shure SE215s wired, but I've tried the Sennheiser PXC550, Sony WH-1000XM3, Jabra Elite 7 Sport with similar impressions, and tried using my work 2021 MacBook Pro as the audio source instead of my phone. Surely I'm not the only one who feels this way?

On my Samsung phone, I've had to manually set individual app volumes to 80% via Sound Assistant, have additional volume steps enabled, and have the system sound set to the lowest setting when using Bluetooth.
And yet somehow still buys a $11 million house in California and flies by private jet. That $100k stretches really far.
Yes, yes, I prefer having this warning mechanism over not having it. I keep ear plugs in all my pockets, you never know when you end up in clearly harmfully loud environments even if it‘s just walking past a jackhammer.

I can not even imagine what normal people experience and feel at that point where noise and loudness turn into PURE PAIN for me. The accoustic equivalent of looking into the sun or lasers!

I also use airpod pros as alternative to earplugs and I do feel the ANC pressure and weirdness, but it doesn‘t feel painful in any way.