skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> in codebases where the authors seemed opposed to writing good comments, tests are extremely useful in documenting expected behavior in edge cases

In other words, tests are useful in teams with awful engineering culture. I tend to agree, in my experience they are almost synonymous.

If you treat engineering culture as weather (i.e. something you have no control over), then tests are a good tool to address your problems.

> you're creating a permanent record where you can be held accountable if you miss something

Bureaucracy is another word for it. You know who excels at it? Government. And you know what government is really bad at? Running business and innovating.
I think the literati of any age are a major source of bad writing, or at least, fluff. Many authors dedicate their efforts to writing stylishly, encumbering the reader to wade through excessive windy sentences and irrelevant minutia, or worse, obnoxious proselytizing. I have no love for any American writing before 1800, and little before 1900, especially the New England romanticists (e.g. Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, etc) or public men like America's Founding Fathers.

That said, the most brilliant writing I know came from the 1800s, especially the American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln, Sullivan Ballou, and popular novelists like Charles Dickens. Perhaps their extraordinary expressiveness arose because, for the first time in history, writing could be appreciated by many. Certainly authors of those times more often wrote from the heart, not just to entertain.
> But e-ink is very cool and awesome.

E-ink should be, but it never seems to get there. Too low-contrast and/or too expensive. It's been a Real Soon Now technology for about two decades.

There was another persistent display technology - chomeric displays. They came from a company called Chomerics, which was acquired by Parker Hannefin, which dropped the product line. Almost everything about those has disappeared from the Web, except that the former factory is now a Superfund site.[1]

[1] https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/CurSites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0...
I bought a badger2040 recently. I mainly wanted it for the ebook feature. A pocket-sized eInk device could make reading throughout the day so easy. I used to always have a paper book in my back pocket before phones.

Anyway, it's a great device with one small caveat. None of the GPIO pins are exposed, the only IO is buttons, usbc or a QT/Stemma connector. This would all be fine by me, except that there is only about 1mg of free space on the device. Doing any serious reading would require me to use external memory and without GPIO I can't do that. Making a few pins accessible would make attaching an SD card completely trivial.
Only? No. Mostly? Yes. For at least a couple of reasons.

Because we humans seem to be the only creatures that have ever existed that have even been able to pose the question of what makes Earth "important". That level of consciousness is special and worth protecting and expanding at all costs. It's more special and magically generative than any other creature that we know to exist or previously exist.

Because Earth without us is a dead man walking. The complete extinction of all complex life on this planet is already baked into the future as the sun expands and boils the oceans in 0.5-1 billion years. It seems to me exceedingly unlikely that any other spacefaring civilization will emerge after us if we fail. Even if you think other forms of Earth life are more "important" than us, the continuation of our human civilization is the only chance this other life has at having a longer existence (on other worlds) than this baked in timeline.
Maybe I'm missing something, but I don't see where the bill explicitly recommends backdooring encryption?

The relevant paragraphs appear to be as follows, but the guidance looks quite vague...

257. The Government needs to provide more clarity on how providers with encrypted services should comply with the safety duties ahead of the Bill being introduced into Parliament.

258. We recommend that end-to-end encryption should be identifed as a specifc risk factor in risk profles and risk assessments. Providers should be required to identify and address risks arising from the encrypted nature of their services under the Safety by Design requirements.

Source: https://committees.parliament.uk/publications/8206/documents...
Rosenpass author here;

There is a confusion about terminology here I think. Mathematical proofs including cryptography proofs use models simplifying reality; i.e. the real practical system might still be susceptible to attacks despite a proof of security.

For crypto primitives (classic mc eliece, curve25519, ed25519, RSA, etc etc) the standard for proofs is currently showing that they are as hard as some well studied mathematical problem. This is done by showing that an attack on the primitive leads to an attack on the underlying mathematical primitive. The proof for Diffie-Hellman shows that attacking DH leads to an efficient solution for the discrete log problem. I.e. the proof is a reduction to the underlying primitive.

No primitive is perfectly secure (at least a brute force – i.e. guessing each possibility is possible); there is some probability that the adversary can guess the right key. We call this probability the adversary's advantage. One task in cryptoanalysis is to find better attacks against primitives with a higher advantage; if an attack with a polynomial time average runtime is found, the primitive is broken. Finding a higher non-polynomial attack is still an interesting result.

The standard for protocols is proving that the protocol is secure assuming the primitives are secure; since multiple primitives are used you basically get a formula deriving an advantage for breaking the entire protocol. The proof is a reduction to a set of primitives.

We did not build a proof in that gold standard, although we are working on it. We built a proof in the symbolic model – known as a symbolic analysis. This uses the perfect cryptography assumption; i.e. we assumed that the advantages for each primitive are zero. Google "Dolev-Yao-Model".

This makes the proof much easier; a proof assistant such as ProVerif can basically find a proof automatically using logic programming methods (horn clauses).

The definitions of security are fairly well understood; unfortunately there is a lot to go into so I can't expand on that here. Looking up "IND-CPA" and "IND-CCA" might be a good start; these are the security games/models of security for asymmetric encryption; you could move on to the models for key exchange algorithms there. Reading the [noise protocol spec](https://noiseprotocol.org/) is also a good start.
You can sign a vm into iCloud.
I have a ridiculous system for backing up photos where a VM downloads them and then the machine uses a script at various intervals with Rsync to get them out the vm. I disable messages on it, but by default they arrived.
I both respect the monks' decision and hope that someone else fills in the supply gap with knockoffs.
For 3 and 4, this seems to make it possible: https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/blog/2017/01/03/Find-stuf...

I, for one, will now go down this rabbit hole ...
Works on Brave for me.
What you're saying here is that we should be contacting the press, not our representatives, right?
I use Google voice for everything... except my bank because they said using T-Mobile is so much more safer than Google so I had to switch back
I've been so frustrated that FFprobe functionality is not part of FFmpeg.

My app extracts screenshots from videos to create a beautiful gallery of videos. But even though I include FFmpeg already, I need a 50mb FFprobe executable to be bundled with my app just so that I can determine the width, height, duration, and fps of a video file!

What is it that FFprobe does that FFmpeg couldn't do with a few extra pieces of exposed API?

https://videohubapp.com/ - https://github.com/whyboris/Video-Hub-App

https://github.com/whyboris/Video-Hub-App/blob/772b25bbd4b41...
> I think intelligence is overrated

I suppose you are somewhat saying that maybe there is an upper bounds that we don't perceive? There is no disproportionate difference above what genius we have already encountered within humanity?

> There's a theory that the changes in our brains that make us smarter than animals also make us vulnerable to psychosis.

Certainly isn't helpful for the AI safety position.
On the contrary, you should study the experiences and products of all of humanity and not just the ones that _appeal to you_ based on your own ideas and mindset.

When it comes to learning, never take the narrow view.
What is the the "right" preset? SVT-AV1 has a wide range of presets, from being about as fast as x264 veryfast onwards. And for any given speed level it should provide significantly lower bitrates at the same quality than x264, x265 or libvpx.

For example if you pick speed 6 on SVT-AV1 it should take about as much time as x264 veryslow while still being 30-40% lower bitrate at the same quality.

Have you tried the faster presets of SVT-AV1?
Working with the Industry to Evolve Chips
Apparently out of stock.

The linked badger 2040 (https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/badger-2040) is half the price and apparently in stock. TFA is a 3D printed case around that, and custom software for the badge. It's also powered by a more capable dual-core M0+, however wifi is lost.
Right. Average acting income for members of the Screen Actors Guild is a few thousand a year. They're all part-timers, really, always looking for the next gig.
Those are ads.
In my opinion, some of the most meaningful art has war as the subject.
I totally agree! I use both of their apps and sometimes the bird apps by Cornell.

iNaturalist claims “seek” uses on device “ai” to help find species.
Team-based map making with Felt
After nearly 24 years we have come full circle: Here is an episode of Silicon Spin featuring John C Dvorak (yes that John C Dvorak) from ZDTV (yes that ZDTV) discussing the issue. I remember seeing this live when I was in elementary school lol

[1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TcJBXgmdX44

Wonder what happened to all these 'pundits' :)

[EDIT]: LOL @ 5:50 "Coming up on Silicon Spin, streaming is free but how long will THAT last?!"
Open sourcing Ezno – JavaScript compiler and TypeScript checker written in Rust
How Much Is a Living Elephant Worth?
> For example, I built a website blocker that only allows sites relevant to my current clocked in task.

This is screaming for a blog post entry. It's pretty cool.
90 million foot guns in the China's CCP. If it is true covid's origin point was a lab leak from Wuhan there were many previous scientific incompetencies suggestive that that would happen. How about that toxic waste dump that blew up and lit the sky in the middle of the night and the CCP official at a loss for words and walked away from the presser on the event.
This is about where I'm at. I was an art major and spent my time working in contemporary art until switching careers to programming via a bootcamp in my 30s.

If I could go back and do it all again, I don't think I would a CS major instead, even when taking the massively increased earning potential I would have had I entered the field straight out of college. My humanities classes gave me so much historical perspective on the world that shapes my outlook today, and I simply can't imagine living without that.

I also credit my humanities education with teaching me how to do research and "how to learn". I think it gave me a lot of the skills I used to teach myself coding and switch careers. I'm not certain it would have been as easy to do it the other way around -- learn CS in college and teach myself humanities later.
That could have actually been on your bank's side. An attacker could have compromised their phone system and is intermittently redirecting calls externally.
So what are your rights? There are loads of things you're not allowed to do. Should you be allowed to do those things?
The problem is those are pyramid fields. In OPs example almost anyone with a physiotherapy degree is doing well economically; probably not wealthy unless they open their own chain of clinics but that's going into business major territory not physio anyway.

Pyramid fields are those like pro football quarterback or famous youtube personality where a handful of people with world wide famous names make 99.9% of the income in that field, and almost everyone else working in the pyramid is at minimum wage or volunteer income status.

As a concrete example of a pyramid field, the 1900th best football player in the USA is a wealthy NFL pro ball player, but the 2000th best football player in the USA is probably selling used cars right now, maybe coaching, maybe unemployed. On the other hand essentially 100% of physio degree holders are doing physio and not getting rich but not getting poor. I'm sure the number of men willing to play pro football somewhat exceeds 2000... there's over 73000 NCAA college football players right now so I would guess that the "20K or so" who graduate this year would all love to get pro ball salaries, but the entire pyramid is less than 2K total, so even if 10% of pro players retire each year that would be 100 applicants for every paid position, everyone else can become a barista.
Just because you're not a competent driver doesn't mean the rest of us are getting into accidents. Walking, biking, and public transit are great options for short trips with limited cargo. But none of those options are going to be viable in my lifetime for getting my daughter to a volleyball tournament 40 miles away at 7:00 AM on Saturday. Including hauling backpacks, folding chairs, boxes of snacks for the team, etc.

I've noticed that the arrogant and condescending people who are most opposed to cars tend to be childless young urbanites with very limited life experience. The rest of the country operates in a completely different way, and votes accordingly.
Rosenpass author here;

nope, that is not correct. NIST has elected Kyber as one of the algorithms to standardize and we are using that.

As other commenters mentioned (very good info there, thank you all!) the other algorithm we use – Classic McEliece – is one of the oldest algorithms and has been well studied. There is no known efficient attack against it.
Yeah I suppose we have varying definitions of huge. I'm just talking adding on considerable muscle mass.

Steroid use is so ubiquitous and far better understood than ever before that most guys don't see a point in doing things natty. We're talking cutting down years of training to months.
> There is no way for a human to operate a car safely over a mid to long period of time.

My observed injury rate per vehicle mile, per trip, or per time spent, in a car is much lower than the same rates on a bicycle. Incidentally, my largest injury on a bike was due to street car rails, so thanks public transit for making the roads less safe for bicycling. I can't count the number of times I've tripped while walking, resulting in mostly minor injuries, but nevertheless more injuries than I've sustained in automobiles (not counting violence from siblings). Lack of safety restraints on public transit mean more minor injuries from sudden stops as well.

> Cars are too big and too heavy

Autorickshaws are much smaller, lighter, and more fuel efficient. Plus they're cute!

> Infrastructure demands are too great

Infrastructure demands for cars scale. You can use cars if you can get fuel to enough fueling stations and have cleared trees and other obstacles from paths. Pavement is optional but encouraged. Parking lots are nice to have, but any cleared space works. You don't get a lot of speed, and probably not much fuel efficiency, but it works. Paved roads are nicer, and they get built because they're useful. Of course, busses and bicycles like paved roads too (paving for bikes requires a lot lower standard too).

If you can't get fuel to fueling stations, there's things like wood gasifiers[1], although gasoline and diesel are much more scalable if the infrastructure is present.

> Walking, biking, and public transit in a livable community is the only rational way forward.

This would severely limit the scope of livable communities. Or at least significantly increase transit time for many to most activities. Those are all great options, when available and appropriate, but a lot of times it's not the best mode of transportation and often it's not even appropriate. The diversity of origin/destination pairs in most metropolitan areas of a certain size makes it very hard for most users to be served by direct public transit routes, and hub and spoke routing makes a lot of trips turn into first go 30 minutes in the wrong direction, then 30 minutes in the right direction, when a point to point automobile trip would be much less time.

I can't imagine some of my recent trips working well with public transit. Especially those trips where I'm carrying sports equipment for multiple people not traveling with me. How do you take three or four sets of hockey gear on a bicycle, or walking the half mile uphill from the bus stop to my home?

[1] https://www.amusingplanet.com/2022/02/wood-gas-vehicles-cars...
I think the legislation should be worded so that if a cellular provider does not want the fiduciary and regulatory requirements imposed on them, they must disable all SS7-to-MAPI SMS/text message gateways or any other form of non-E2EE unencrypted and unauthenticated communication. SIM swapping becomes less useful as encrypted applications take over MFA/2FA authentication meaning the attacker must acquire and unlock the phone itself rather than being able to impersonate it.

Even voice communication must be encrypted when cell-to-cell so that Joe-Blow-Nobody and the President of the United States have exactly the same protection on their personal cell phones. If a company key use used for lawful intercept there must be a massive audit trail that makes it crystal clear who monitored what and for how long. No more pressuring people like me to give authorities unfettered and un-monitored lawful monitoring access.
When they said "the future is here, just not evenly distributed" -- it unfortunately applied to social dystopia, just as well as technical advances.

So whatever culture you are from, give it a decade or two and it will likely catch up with the US over this. To see even further into the future, look at Japan.
Since when is FSR the standard, or even a standard at all? A part from AMD using it.

Also, in my experience Nvidia works just fine on linux, you just have to install their drivers. I literally never had an issue with them, and I use it professionally and for games. AMD is probably better if you want bleeding edge updates or use a rolling release distro, but the downside is that you still have to contend with some weird driver issues that aren't magically fixed just because the code is open source.
I feel like this advice works really well in some places and really poorly in others.

I think those using safe languages and broad frameworks have a much greater ability to execute on "keep it simple" than those who use something like C and build 100% of their code in-house.
Cool. If I'm doing it wrong, I wouldn't mind seeing it done right. I'm always willing to learn new stuff, and one thing that I've learned about Swift, is that there's always more/better ways to do stuff.

The obvious issue with not using rawValue, is that we don't use an enum, and that's what I usually see. I like to use enums, where others use static lets, because I can do things with enums, like limit the number of values (good for switches), and repurpose them, from time to time.

Also, since an enum is a type, I can add things like functions to do cool stuff, like extract and interpret the state, or do some good debug stringing. I could also use a struct, but why, if the enum will do it?

And, of course, since it's a type, I can extend it for special applications. I do that, a lot.

One of my "desmeller" exercises, is to go through my code, looking for "magic number constants," and see if I can replace them with enums.

The reason for the Any, is because the code extends another SPM module that I wrote, that forms an infrastructure for preferences, and this is just the bit inside the implementation.

No, the highest Double isn't an invalid value (that's actually the point). It's just one that won't apply to the filtered set that I produce, later on. That means I don't have to put in special branches (keeps the CC low), to look for invalid values.

Here's another thing I do a lot:

guard (0..<maxValForTest).contains(valueToTest) else { return }
doSomethingWithVettedValue(valueToTest)

I could also clamp it, but that can have unfortunate side effects, and I can add some assertions in the else clause.

Sometimes, there may be reasons for people doing stuff, other than they suck. I don't suck. I'm not being snooty, but I do this a lot, and have a lot of pretty good stuff, out there.

Maybe, and I know this is just crazy talk, I might actually be a halfway decent programmer.
I was dismissing the previous post that claimed that "more readable" - less "convoluted" - 19th century texts existed by saying such texts are probably not worth reading, as the much more complex works are heralded as classics of English literature.
The ffmpeg-python wrapper module is sorta like that.
Oh, TreeStyleTabs is a crucial element of this, I'd definitely go mad without it. The stuff I'm currently working on is generally at the bottom of that vertical sidebar, and I rarely venture beyond that area when I'm actively working.

The grouping of tabs into trees also helps with keeping them (pretty much self-)organized. Vimium's "search open tabs" shortcut is also very useful, if I need a specific tab right now.
The Not Boring: Rising Rates with Volatility Switch
Yeah, people absolutely were shunned for unpopular opinions in the 2000s. 9/11 and the War on Terror caused a real coalescing of American society that was incredibly difficult to push back against. For example, the Patriot Act originally passed the Senate 98 to 1. Many people had their careers irreparably harmed by opposing the invasion of Iraq with the Dixie Chicks being the first to jump to mind. And regarding your point about the treatment of Muslims, does anyone remember the "Ground Zero Mosque"? This type of behavior is nothing new and pretending otherwise is certainly remembering the past with rose-tinted glasses.
JS has a `let` keyword, but you can reassign the value through it. `let a = 5; a = 6;` is valid JavaScript, and the value of `a` would be 6.
Using Python's List Constructor
I find this site fascinating not for the investment strategy linked but rather the great job it does in making a powerful and complex feature set accessible to its users. It does this all while managing to avoid the rut of looking like every. other. app.

Kudos to whoever is doing design on the Composer team: I can tell that someone cares deeply about both the UX and UI of the app.
Car boots are going to have a whole new market
Open letter regarding research on reflecting sunlight to reduce climate change
Full title is:
An open letter regarding research on reflecting sunlight to reduce the risks of climate change
related question from someone technical but not in ML:

for the text tagging example, is the underlying approach same or different to elasticsearch term analyzing and scoring?

can anyone help with pros and cons?

context: given a customer chat for returning a product, the text scores terms like "return", "refund", "exhange" for relevance. also makes think how to handle synonyms?
Except that we've got two decades of evidence of people regularly fucking up PGP leaking the contents of entire email threads. If the only thing that works is PGP then nothing works.