skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
That's a fair point to make and I believe I probably stand corrected on that point.

Nevertheless, it doesn't seem like a self-selected study (particularly one with a heavy Australian slant) is a particularly good one for this kind of topic. And I think that 68% of the participants being women probably indicates that self-selection might not be the right model for this study right off the bat given the probable nature of online trolling.
You dont even know what the end user is going to do with the data and you are already condemning them.

Why do you think the state are the good guys when they dont even teach law in a concept understandable manner so kids can protect themselves from criminals from primary school age onwards?

Can you show me any other entity which is actively commissioning weapons and then using them on people en-masse, killing, maiming and psychological harming generations as we see with wars around the world?

The state gets to hide behind its own secrecy laws, no other entity has the scope or reach of the state in order to protect and hide its criminal activity. The state is hardly leading by example now is it?
It seems slightly unlikely there would be a custom ROM for such an unknown phone. In any case, custom ROMs are not an option for ordinary people.
There is a great essay (8 installments) describing his youth, education, and work leading to the creation of Lllamasoft. Highly recommended if you want to relive the 8-bit computer era documented by someone who was a well-known figure at that time.

[1] http://minotaurproject.co.uk/lshistory1.php
It was flagged by users. We sometimes reverse that and I've done so in this case.
If it were the former, the title would have to be “why the SAT is hard.”
If I understand correctly, they can only spy on you if they have full access to your traffic, including the ability to modify it, in order to carry out a MITM attack.
I wonder if others here found their mental age aging more rapidly after certain life events?

The wake of aging parents transitioning (death, stroke/care home) has without doubt accelerated my mental age, which in turn has changed what I'd call my horizon. When younger and prior to said events, the horizon was far away; time enough for everything/anything. Not so much anymore, much greater sense of uncertainty.
Sops is great. I hope they will find new maintainers. https://github.com/mozilla/sops/discussions/927
One thing I don’t see mentioned here is the content of the Masters. Some programs are extremely technical, others are moderately technical, and some are oriented around being a technical/business leader.

I got my masters and it was moderately technical, but also included people that didn’t have a comp sci undergrad degree, which made classes like advanced algorithms really awkward, and detracted from the program.

Overall I’d do it again if it were either highly technical, or way more business oriented, but I definitely wish I’d known that up front.

I don’t think any degree is a replacement for full time working in your field, so if you expectation is to learn more in order to be more prepared for a corporate career, you may be disappointed.
I agree that for work in the UK a Master's may be less important. I took one because I believed I'd be working on the Continent where a BSc wouldn't be seen as a real degree and a PhD would look a bit ivory tower (I had a choice to follow either).

~30Y later after running start-ups and working with companies of all sizes, but none on the Continent, I am starting a PhD because I have an issue that I really want to research and resolve: I'm a bit late for it to be a career boost, whatever a 'career' is. B^>

I'm glad that I followed the MSc for many reasons, and especially if we are going to scoot along the edge of a recession for a while, maybe you could finesse that also by doing a Master's.
Arc browser is also doing this, and they're planning on debuting the Windows UI in Fall.
> software can help create an inefficient market where ... suppliers of housing take a 5-20% hit on "volume" for a larger increase in price that more than offsets the rate of empty units.

Right, if one can get majority of the landlords to collude and government doesn't crack on collusion - this software would create such market.

Until we're in such dire situation: software is expediting price discovery, discovered prices are high because we don't build enough, we don't build enough because there's ridiculous amount of red tape, and doing anything that doesn't lead to more housing being built is spending time and effort on wrong problem.
Please don't apply for a Senior dev position if your GitHub looks like this
Where in the world beginners use state machines instead of switch statement or if ladder?

this is genuine question, because I do believe that people do not use enough state machines to model their systems.
Exactly. Gpg is famously straight forward to use (/s).
For me, the hate of web ads started in earlier days. It was mainly that they are animated. How do I read a web when there is a flickering in the corner of my eye.

These days it's slightly different, the ads are interspersed within the content and often rotate to different ads after a delay, causing flickering effects. Also they take seconds to load so the text can move to.

Then there's the risk of malware ads.
Professional prompt engineers:
journalists, police interrogators, detectives and private investigators, most people working in sales, most people working in the judicial system, politicians, many people working in "HR", ... maybe "tech jobs" will no longer be a meaningful designation anymore in a few decades?
Modularizing ISA Specifications
"Christianity" doesn't emphasize a personal relationship with God; many forms of Protestantism do, but Catholicism does almost the opposite, and French Christians are overwhelmingly Catholic.
And did you give a single thought about some occasional video compression artifacts?
We don't need a new job position, what we really need is a LLM to generate good prompts...
Er, it's credible to me because it's the Department of Energy.

I don't "want" to believe it, and generally believe folks who were touting it as fact up to this point were cranks. Even now it's still extremely murky, and as I said, there are a lot of unanswered questions.
I just can't believe how idiotic such a thing is. It's like calling a person who uses a toaster a Toast Engineer with a salary of 300k.
One problem with automation is that the people in upper management themselves rely on having lots of people to manage. Getting rid of those people puts their own position and standing at risk. Also, we don't yet have humanoid robots with full feature-parity to actual humans, so automating some jobs might require a change of process to convert it to one that is amenable to automation - in doing so, it may arise that the entire process is pointless and this would obsolete the jobs of a lot of paper-pushers, raise an uncomfortable question and ultimately be a politically unpopular move.

A second problem is that non-tech companies lacking competent in-house technical expertise will always choose to outsource it to a shitty consultancy which will take advantage of them, waste years and not deliver anything viable or cost-effective in the end.
One anecdote. One person I trust view most Swedes as much more open minded than most Americans.
http://web.archive.org/web/20230226172324/https://www.lrb.co...
> not hired?

for me it would fail the the nebulous "culture fit" aka "works well with others". this is not satire or transgressive art-- it's the puerile use of taboo imagery for the sole purpose of provocation. someone who proudly attaches this to their resume would very likely exhibit some of that provocativeness when working with other so it would not be worth the risk to hire
Something like this is the best I could find: https://craftofcoding.files.wordpress.com/2018/01/fortran_go... – the last page has a full listing with arrows to show the jumps.

I grew up with MSX-BASIC: https://github.com/plattysoft/Modern-MSX-BASIC-Game-Dev/blob... – GOSUB jumps to a specific line number (RETURN returns from where it jumped). Even a fairly simple and clean example like this can be rather difficult to follow.
Without more context it is hard to say.

For example how often are you using their API Key? Who initiates using the key (e.g. customer, yourselves on schedule, yourselves but manually)?

The password cheatsheet linked elsewhere isn't directly relevant, because an API Key needs to be stored in a recoverable way, unlike a password. A more relevant cheatsheet might be this one (Cryptographic Storage):

https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Cryptographic...

Without more context or information I am making a lot of assumptions: My gut "go to" is store an entire SQLite single-file database in your regular database (binary/file column), and take advantage of SEE[0] AES-256 (OFB), SQLCipher, or one of the free/open source extension alternatives. Then encrypt/decrypt it using something derived securely from the logged-in user's password (not otherwise stored in the database) OR a mix of something user specific held in your database (e.g. UUID) + something secret stored in environmental variables/on servers. The result is that database compromise ALONE isn't enough to steal the user's secrets, you'd need server + database, or the logged-in user's original password.

I realize a whole SQLite database for secret storage might seem excessive, but it is very scalable and self-documenting as you add additional secrets or elements to existing secrets. Most commercial database offerings offer encryption at rest, and a few offer table-specific encryption, but in my experience utilizing some of those implementations is actually MORE complex than what I'm describing here, even if you'd expect the inverse.

[0] https://sqlite.org/com/see.html
Folks who know Pulsar and Zed internals: which one of them is more likely to gain support for Atom packages? I find Hydrogen[1] invaluable as a data science scratchpad since it supports python/r/julia/etc under a common interface via jupyter, and have been unable to construct a comparable workflow in vscode or any other editor [using scripts as opposed to notebooks, which i find far too bloated].

[1]: https://github.com/nteract/hydrogen
The gas mantles certainly aren't very concerning in light of the scopolamine and detergents. I'm glad you're still with us! You must have an absurdly high constitution stat.
Why do you think that the Canadian government shouldn't be allowed to implement laws surrounding the data acquisition and storage by private entities?

Is there some sort of clause in the Canadian charter that supports your claim?
Going one level deeper into an abstraction probably almost always involves a greater possibility for bugs that are harder to figure out because you're working on top of more than 1 system that can have bugs or unexpected behavior.
But socket already has a well-established meaning in software. I think even if you succeed with that name, it will be at the unnecessary cost of making network programming more difficult for everyone. It's easy to choose a unique name (even "SocketEngine" might do), and now is the time to do it.

Oh, that component is <1000 lines, got it.

Whether or not it's officially released, you are already promoting it as an alternative to much more established options, so you should expect people to compare on the same terms.
DOE and the national labs have done extensive work with biological weapon detection systems and various forms of analysis related to delivery systems. E.g.

https://web.ornl.gov/info/news/pulse/pulse_v270_08.html

>"A team of scientists at DOE's Sandia National Laboratories recently revealed their involvement in the more than six-year investigation led by the FBI surrounding anthrax spores that killed five people in the fall of 2001. Their work, using transmission electron microscopy, was the first to link the spores from several of the letters as coming from the same source."
They're telling you this to troll you into sounding racist: you're falling for their trick and making yourself look like a racist by objecting to such an anodyne statement. You're falling for the bait hook line and sinker.
It's a good idea for Mexico City to substantially increase green space. However, it's also a good idea for the city to augment its air transport infrastructure. The AMLO government has made a bold decision, and time will tell how it works out.
I think the problem is multifaceted:

1) Managers often don't know what skills people lack or how to take them a few steps up using new skills. Usually these are not the core skills people need to do the job. For instance, an accountant could do a decent job, yet only have basic knowledge of excel. The accountant's manager, depending on the complexity and the psce of the company,may or may not be aware of it. Everyone's happy the way it is. However, if the accountant knew Excel better, some tasks would take only half the time, whilst others could be automated and so. This is extremely common in a lot of companies

2) People don't want to upskill. Yes, I'm aware it's a blanket statement, however both as a manager and simply as a colleague, I found this to be the case. Very few,even if they are aware of the problem( e..g. skill shortage) try to address them. I can't count the number of times I told people to at least try to learn x, because their job would become much easier and they'd get more money. Nope, not interested..
Also, actively offering people time and access to learning resources don't seem to help much either.
Everyone in this thread is much smarter than me. If you are an idiot like me:

make a 3x3 block, delete the middle, hold down the "spawn water" button for as long as you like while the mouse is on the empty block then remove the top block to create an explosion of water.
The reason we have managers in engineering is:

- some developers don’t want to work

- some developers have no social skills and work to ruin the morale of everyone else on their team

- some developers don’t want to interact with the client or the business

- some developers don’t want to do anything that remotely looks like project management or agile or otherwise.

- some developers have no idea what the business does or how to meaningfully contribute as engineers

- some developers don’t want to pair, mob or provide training of any kind to junior engineers

- some developers don’t want to participate in interviewing or recruiting others on the team

- some developers just want to write code and go home

there’s a reason we have middle managers and until devs want to do more than “just write code” than…

…there will always be middle management in engineering.
> it’s become an annually refreshed collection of fun fashionable clip art instead of an impartial repository of humankind’s symbols

Constraints are sometimes good. It's great to see how something like the Eggplant & Peach emoji got hijacked and used as a sexual reference.
As the author of a non-negligible amount of peer reviewed cryptographic code, I happen to know a bit about how much safe languages help you. And the answer is, "less than you'd think".

Modern cryptographic primitives benefit very little from safe languages like Rust, compared to using C and running the test suite under Valgrind and Clang sanitisers (all 3 of them). Undefined behaviour related errors are stupidly easy to test: no heap allocations, no input dependent branches or indices, pathologically straight-line code, all that makes it fairly easy to implement an extremely effective test suite that is almost impossible to circumvent… except for logic bugs. In fact, the only significant bug I've ever shipped to production was a logic bug Rust or Go wouldn't have saved me from.

The real problems start when you start tackling encodings & textual formats. Those are definitely gnarlier, and I personally wouldn't trust myself with an ASN-1 decoder in C. This can be avoided by using simple binary formats instead, but since Age has decided to be a little more advanced using a safe language is definitely a plus.
No wonder my Rust GUIs have long-standing display bugs, e.g. Neovide (neovim GUI frontend), Psst (Spotify GUI client)
Use bigint with check-between constraint?

Maybe inconvenient, but not impossible... but if this is the kind of problem you have, then, try in your favorite language to create integers that are 63 bit long or 65, and see how it goes? Looks like the comparison won't be in that language's favor.
Just wanted to throw out a thank you.

Your guide was one of the first 'serious' programming material I was exposed to, close to 20 years ago.

Let's just say it was immensely helpful, and I might not be where I am now, without it.
Ask HN: What does a large application's daily development workflow look like?
Example: Chromium takes hours to compile, how do engineers iterate and test their code in a reasonable amount of time?

Other examples: Photoshop, Firefox, Microsoft Word, Safari, etc.
And for me, the rent ahead is not so "free!" Making money was ego and self-discovery when young. It's all-too-practical now with a degree of urgency I'd not ever felt before.
Except the legacy media only reports on one side. That's the point.
Looking at Spain verse the UK in their graph. There is a lot of unskilled low paid work in places like Spain (offshore manufacturing) that feeds high paid unskilled work in the UK (brand and simple financial management.)

I think the UK has ceased investing as much in skills because every upskilling in office work or having more workers with the necessary degree is largely net zero competitions between marketing departments that will most likely all be in the UK.

For countries that were not traditionally on top and running the industry consortiums they have a small chance of pulling the income from countries like the UK.. But mostly their workers just end up over skilled for the work available for countries like Spain.
You're commenting on a report that the (US Government's) DoE is saying it was lab leaked, so... the US isn't actively supporting any cover up, or they're doing a profoundly terrible job.
That used to be the standard view of devs in the US as well, but has likely improved somewhat (hopefully) with the rise of Google, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, etc.

This was brought home (pun intended?) to me back in 2015 when my wife and I were vetting realtors for the sale of our house. One of the realtors, actually an 'elderly' husband and wife, after being told (by me) that I was a software developer proceeded to share that they had retired from working in HR at a software company and went on with 'oh my, don't you know how crazy and entitled those ridiculous software developers are!'

That wasn't their first misstep, and we went with a different realtor.
> A windows password would have been silly, pressing F8 at boot would drop you in msdos

As it is to this day with many many Linux installs (unless some disk encryption is set up): edit the kernel command in GRUB and add init=/bin/bash. boom, you're root without any password.
Let me first try to briefly summarize NP-completeness:

A problem A is NP-complete if:

- you can verify it's solution in polynomial time

- you can reduce it to any other NP-complete problem in polynomial time

Since polynomial reduction is transitive, the second point is equivalent to saying that "you can reduce it to SAT in polynomial time".

The reduction is simply a function that compiles the starting problem to SAT and preserves it's solvability (in a bijective way).
In other words, to prove that a problem is NP-compelte, you must write a compilation function to SAT and also prove that every solution to the starting problem is also a solution to the destination problem in SAT. Furthermore you must also prove that any solution in the SAT version can be "decompiled" to a proper solution in the starting problem, so this is where the equivalence comes from and it's the reason that SAT is not really anyhow harder than other NP-complete problems.

The thing is, SAT has been heavily researched, so that's why you have extremely efficient SAT-solvers.
So if you want to solve an NP-complete problem, you can simply compile it to SAT, solve it with well-known SAT-solvers and "decompile" the solution to your starting problem
IMO this depends on the strength of your org's ops function (which will usually correlate with scale of your org), and the responsibility you hold for the customer's data.

if your org does not have a strong ops function yet, and you're in scrappy startup phase: just use your language or framework's best practices, standard encryption tools. do not try to create your own encryption scheme. let your app take two keys; `CURRENT_ENCRYPTION_KEY` and `PREVIOUS_ENCRYPTION_KEY`, obviously named however you want. when encrypting data, always encrypt with `CURRENT_ENCRYPTION_KEY`. when decrypting data, first attempt with `CURRENT_ENCRYPTION_KEY`, then attempt with `PREVIOUS_ENCRYPTION_KEY` if it is set. if `PREVIOUS_ENCRYPTION_KEY` was successful, re-encrypt the unencrypted value with `CURRENT_ENCRYPTION_KEY` and save it back to the database. this gives you backward compatible deploys. you'll then still want to write and run a script that will run through and manually re-encrypt all the old data, or else you might rotate a second time and lose access to any data encoded with the first key that had not yet been rotated. rotate your key regularly by copying `CURRENT_ENCRYPTION_KEY` to `PREVIOUS_ENCRYPTION_KEY`, and putting a new key into `CURRENT_ENCRYPTION_KEY`. the appropriate value of "regularly" depends on a lot of variables, and only you can determine what is appropriate for your situation.

this is table stakes level security; realistically if your DB is compromised, your encryption key probably is too, because they probably got in through your application which holds the key in memory. this just prevents "oops I accidentally copied the DB somewhere and it leaked" (which, at most startups, I would say is the most likely leak).

if you have, or when you get to the point that you have, a competent ops org, just use HashiCorp Vault.
Scott said that unvaccinated people feel better. Polifact say that unvaccinated people had a higher risk of being dead.

Would be more fun if Polifact included a section if dead people feel worse than alive people.
> but true spaghetti code that GOTOs all over the place and is nigh-impossible to follow has been extremely rare for a long time.

Exactly! Recently I had the "pleasure" to work with some FORTRAN IV code from the early 60s, so I know what you mean. No functions/subroutines, only GOTOs. Even loops were done with labels. There is also a weird feature called "arithmetic IF statements" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_IF). Luckily the code was pretty short (about 500 lines including comments).
"At this point, what difference does it make?"

-- famous politician, responding to a question on a different issue
Meanwhile some people still don't have access to clean drinking water.
What they were doing was downplaying the severity of the problem until it was sufficiently widespread that it was not just a China problem. I'm not saying that was the plan from the start, but it definitely morphed into that.
"fair share" - is there a number on that?
The Commodore 900: A Look at a Rare Prototype
you can automatically learn soft prompts with backprop so.. the job "prompt engineering" isn't going to stick around for too long given it's automatable.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.06541

That is not to say, that integrating LLMs won't create a lot of jobs. Think of it as systems engineering. Knowing how computers work, as well as a software engineer does, will always be useful.