skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I did a PhD on Monte Carlo methods, and I remember really enjoying how elegant the HMC is. But seeing this here I feel I should comment, in the event that anyone happens to read this and thinks it would be a useful algorithm to implement. Words to heed:

"Monte Carlo is an extremely bad method; it should only be used when all alternative methods are worse." -- Alan Sokal

The reality of the situation is that you would only bother understanding and implementing such a complex algorithm if you had a rather difficult distribution to sample. Unfortunately, that means that you are very unlikely to know whether the answers you are getting are at all correct. You may have a bug in your code (highly likely), or the method's hyper parameters may be poorly tuned (likelier still), or the MCMC chain is not mixing rapidly leading to undetectable approximation error (almost certainly).

Almost always I would recommend attempting to simplify whatever model you are approximating and to use a method where approximation quality can be assured, rather than attempting to approximate complex (high dimensional) distributions with a more efficient algorithm like HMC.

Of course, sometimes you must approximate such models, and for this you should be glad the method exists, and good luck to you.
That does not give them unlimited authority or the authority to pass new laws and invalidate existing ones in the process. They can only enforce laws passed by Congress.
I think your claim, that the Deno community is in some way "lessen[ing] itself" with this change, requires more explication than you've given it, not least because it's far from clear that providing a relatively straightforward onramp for existing projects and teams from Node to Deno will have any such effect.
Ponzi schemes are illegal. FTX is facing punishment for running the joint like they did. There’s also unlimited corruption and crime and fraud in the regulated vanilla financial markets. Get off your high horse and get real and please try and get a slightly convincing argument. If I wanted the sermon I’d go to church or join a HS debate club.
Fair enough. But isn't this how search engines already work?
What makes you think a North Korean would like to escape ?
They are all brainwashed to think they live in the best country in the world. We have testimony of North Korean even thinking the great leader could read their mind.
There are groups worried about the possibility that AIs will be racist or offensive. And there are groups worried that AI will recursively self improve and kill everyone. These are not the same, and they don't overlap much at all.

It's much, much easier to tune an AI of less-than-human intelligence until it doesn't say racist things, than it is to tune a superintelligent AI into not killing everyone. And, compared to the risk from possible future superintelligences, there just isn't much scope for a present-day system like ChatGPT to cause real harm. So, as someone coming from the AI Notkilleveryoneism perspective, I see the "what if AI is prejudiced" perspective as a dangerous distraction, I see Gebru and similar researchers as a dangerous distraction: the issues she raises will be solved without too much difficulty, whereas the risk of artificial superintelligence will not.
Is there something specific you've got in mind? There are a ton of "it depends" type questions in here, but generally speaking I'd argue that rolling your own infra has some parallels with rolling your own crypto. There are countless mistakes you can make when doing it yourself, and a reputable entity that's been doing it for a bit has probably already made those mistakes or, at least, considered them. Quadruply so if they've got certifications of any kind.

At scale, or with a seasoned ops team/team member, the scenario is a bit different, but if you're asking "is it more secure for a few full-stack developers hacking at a startup to roll their own infra or use something like fly.io" I feel preeetty comfortable saying the latter is going to be more secure.
Yeah, but the target of Proton’s efforts with Gluon is the clients, since Gluon is part of the ProtonMail Bridge software.

Their primary targets are Microsoft Outlook, Apple Mail and Thunderbird, none of which speak JMAP at present. So Proton has very little to gain from implementing JMAP, since only niche clients support it at this point.

Classic chicken and egg problem, unfortunately.
That's my point, though, the algorithm defines "defaults" and "starting points" then suggests places like font/user agent/locale that may need to make more sophisticated judgement calls. That's very different from "an unambiguous algorithm that applies in all circumstances".

I included this note from that very report:

> Note: Font-based information may be required to determine the appropriate unit to use for UI purposes, such as identification of boundaries for first-letter paragraph styling.

You fixated on this additional pull quote:

> The Unicode definitions of grapheme clusters are defaults: not meant to exclude the use of more sophisticated definitions of tailored grapheme clusters where appropriate. Such definitions may more precisely match the user expectations within individual languages for given processes.

I would add additional emphasis on the word default there which the document in other places contrasts to tailored as the preferred terminology between "simple algorithm rules of thumb" that this particular algorithm provides and user-focused/locale-dependent grapheme considerations (which still do vary a lot).

For instance, this bit on tailored graphemes:

> Grapheme clusters can be tailored to meet further requirements. Such tailoring is permitted, but the possible rules are outside of the scope of this document. One example of such a tailoring would be for the aksaras, or orthographic syllables, used in many Indic scripts.

(And a later table of more examples of tailored graphemes that the "default grapheme" algorithm will not catch the subtleties of.)

As for relying on normalization, I may have misread this particular pull quote:

> A key feature of default Unicode grapheme clusters (both legacy and extended) is that they remain unchanged across all canonically equivalent forms of the underlying text. Thus the boundaries remain unchanged whether the text is in NFC or NFD.

I read that as implying that algorithm input needed to be NFC or NFD (though there is clearly no difference to the algorithm which of the two forms it is in), not that the algorithm should also just as well work on unnormalized inputs. Rereading it again, I'm still not sure if the algorithm is well-defined on unnormalized inputs, but I can see how it reads as a possible implication that it might work. (Maybe?)
Ignorance of the law doesn’t protect individuals from being prosecuted.

This is excusing a two-tier system.
How is it vague?

> Lessors must communicated to a RealPage pricing advisor that they have accepted or confirmed the approved pricing

Okay, so the Lessor is directly communicating with a RealPage employee.

>If Lessors wish to diverged from the approved pricing they must submit reasoning for doing so and await approval

How could this same Lessor be getting approval from anyone other than that employee?
There is no little switch. Keto has been around millennia in various forms. Atkins' diet is well-known. That you took the time to test these various dietary restrictions and found no result until you landed on what is effectively a lopsided Atkins diet, isn't surprising.

Do have to add - it's impressive that you went through all these documented efforts. In the name of science and all that.
s/day/year/ and that might be believable.
And so? Most Americans barely pay attention to the news, or just pay attention to a very narrow selection of news outlets. I don't think you can judge whether or not something is being reported based on what most Americans know.
I'd like to claim it's always fair use/parody regardless - nobody could in good faith, mistake an adult entertainment stage for the iconic restaurant.

The difference is in my obligations to my employer, which are released when I am.

I'm certainly not a lawyer and this is all totally unfounded intuition. But that was also the terms of the discussion
Right. There really are people who need to tow a truckload 300+ miles on a charge at highway speeds with the AC running. Or camping for a day or two without refueling out remote. Telling such people their use case’s don’t matter or are unrealistic is a losing strategy. Those arguments are naive of a large part of the world. Then there’s apartment dwellers-in the boonies.
Companies are easier to sue.
U-2 pilot's selfie above China's balloon taken over Missouri
Yes, this would impose costs on Google and decrease their conversion rate of new advertisers.

I agree they wouldn't want to voluntarily do it--but I was responding to the perceived impossibility of it.

Another option: deal with it by franchising--small potatoes customers would go through a middleman. The middleman would charge a markup, and be the one whose reputation or money was on the line, and so have incentives to prevent fraud.

Google does something similar for AdX relationships currently--big publishers can go direct, midsize publishers go through a third party middleman.

Again, I'm just spitballing ideas here. If Google wanted to be a better steward, I believe they could be. I'm not even saying they're obligated to do this, I'm just saying I believe they could try harder to vet advertisers.
Pretty close though, realistically. Continuity of doctrine and a fair number of people AFAIK. I'm not an expert but I still think I would have heard about it if Russia reconstituted its entire military from scratch after the USSR's collapse.
The is the legacy versus the efficiency government. The legacy government, your elected officials, have bestowed the power of administrative law (as distinct from legislative law) upon a multitude of agencies, bureaus, administrations, et cetera in order to decrease their workload. Their laziness and contemp for the duty they were elected to perform has caused governments worldwide to outsource law creation and enforcement to byzantine bureaucracies which, as time goes on, serve the public in a way further and further from their original charter.

That said, this may fall under the purview of the FTC, although it strikes me as more of a Labor Department area.
> You're trying to claim that people in China can't understand whether their government works for them or not.

I'm not, but seeing as you just want to scream at someone on the internet, while also attempting to straw man any argument I make. Which seem to me so that you can argue that opinions from a heavily censored country are more important than independent evaluations from experts. I'll simply respond with

no.

For anyone else following along, majority of the links I looked at, don't support his assertions, or missing enough context that they are deeply misleading. The remainder seems to be "what about [bad thing] in [other place]" It's dangerous to allow that to distract from the point.
Why wouldn’t you just use Stan or Pymc or one of the other dozen existing implementations with something like HMC? They use it as the default sampling algorithm.
> you'd be hard-pressed to argue it should an expensive luxury.

Or, that my voting constrains your freedom.
Keyboard DIYing is moving outside hobbyist circles
Great. I was defnitely missing this
L.A. man charged with hacking Instagram influencer accounts
In one of my CS/math courses, the professor told us that he never went to class when he was an undergrad, so he didn't expect us to, but it would probably be a worthwhile trek from your bedroom.
I would have used one of the gazillion midi controllers to do that.
There's a lot to learn from aviation. Particularly around incident management
There are so many threads here. The reserve bank governor is deeply unpopular in the broader public because of 2021 comments he made about there being no interest rate increases needed until 2024 [1]. As mentioned in the article, many companies are posting record profits, including supermarkets [2] - leaving low and middle income people hurting, and working more hours or side jobs. Those same people also face an adversarial rental housing market [3]. Competition, at least in this market, seems to be exerting very little downward pressure on prices for commodity goods. Buy-now-pay-later schemes continue to damage the poorest in our society - even big banks now make it easy to take on bad debt [4].

There are many challenges in Australia, but also opportunities to make things better.

[1] - https://www.afr.com/policy/economy/lowe-admits-embarrassing-...

[2] - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-02-23/supermarket-profits-s...

[3] - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-01-19/australias-rental-mar...

[4] - https://www.nab.com.au/personal/buy-now-pay-later
For those reading and do not get the reference, here it is:

Infineon is a company that makes “secure elements”.

In 2017, Infineon announced that the key-generation component of their chips was making RSA keys in a way that could be exploited[1]. Yubico had these secure elements in some of their Yubikey products. In the affected products, it affected key generation for PGP and PKCS#11 keys[2].

Affected customers could self-identify by checking their YubiKey model, firmware version, and how they were using it. If they were affected, they could apply for a free replacement. This was implemented by Yubico sending the affected customer a code to ‘buy’ a free Yubikey from the store.

I remember the vulnerability being widely-publicized at the time. The only communications I got from Yubico, if any, were an email asking me to do the check. They did not randomly send me a Yubikey.

1: https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/product/promopages/rsa-updat...

2: https://www.yubico.com/support/issue-rating-system/security-...
If it can generate a LOT of money and thus realise shareholder value, but if it simply moves cost around the table but leaves people no better off, why do it?

And consider the longer term signal: is alphabet so shot, it's divesting asset for cash, and if so.. why now?
thanks I hate it.
> however almost every course has tutorials with attendance and weekly assignments

I don't think this is true for the vast majority of majors. Admittedly, in the natural sciences it tends to be more common to have weekly assignments but whether they are mandatory (or can be made so) or not depends on the university and has also been the subject of legal disputes. Mandatory attendance of tutorials, however? I've only ever heard that of medicine but those guys are crazy, anyway. (They basically saw your skull open and try to stuff as much in there in as little time as possible until you puke it out again during your exam. Not sure that's an effective method to learn…)
You have no evidence for the relative difficulty of tuning some hypothetical "superintelligent" AI. You are just just guessing or expressing an article of faith. I see your science fiction nonsense claim as a dangerous distraction from solving real problems that impact real people.
Fulltext: https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/jou...
Summary:

- Inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, is driven to some extent by aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation in the gut.

- AHR knockout mice are resistant to, or recover more swiftly from, EAE.

- An investigation of AHR knockout mice revealed that their microbiomes were different from normal mice in that they produce more bile acids of a certain type, as well as more of certain short-chain fatty acids.

- It was hypothesized that these metabolites, which enter circulation generally, alter the disease course of EAE, and affect susceptibility to EAE.

- Taurocholic acid, a bile acid that's available as an OTC drug in certain nations, was the most effective AHR-knockout-boosted-metabolite at suppressing EAE, when administered orally. It is suggested as a potential treatment option for MS.

- The paper doesn't mention this, but taurocholic acid is hepatotoxic. I believe it remains to be seen whether or not liver-safe bile acids are effective, e.g. tauroursodeoxycholic acid.
I assume PP meant if copyright didn't expire, Disney wouldn't exist.

Though I'm not sure that Disney would have been deterred in every case.
> An investigation via open sources by the BBC and Meduza (an anti-Putin media outlet based in Latvia) has confirmed the deaths of about 15k Russian soldiers since the start of the war, and estimates the true number to be up to 60% higher.

Where do you get the estimate of the true number? Your cited source only has the count of the named individuals identified, not anything corresponding to your claimed total KIA estimate. (Also, the investigation was published, as you linked, by Meduza, but conducted by the BBC and Mediazona, not the BBC and Meduza.)

> What sources do you have that the widely reported media number of 200k+ is actually true that doesn’t ultimately come from the government of Ukraine (who would have an interest in over-inflating their victories) or by a western government that is militarily supporting Ukraine?

Who else (besides sources with opposite biases, like official Russian sources – who haven’t provided casualty estimates since September) would have the kind of information necessary to make a meaningful estimate? (Also, the most commonly cited figure, which is sourced to the UK Ministry of Defense, is “up to” 200,000 casualties, with 40,000-60,000 KIA, not 200K+ KIA.)

But even if we go by that confirmed-by-name count as the full count of KIA, it roughly matches the Soviet KIA in Afghanistan, which was instrumental in the collapse of the USSR, so, going quite badly.
UK Proposes Even More Stupid Ideas for Directly Regulating the Internet
If you spend more energy than your body takes in, there is no way you don’t lose weight, no matter what your body does with it.

If someone isn’t losing weight on a caloric deficit, they’re not tracking their food intake and exercise properly.
I completely agree. What is shocking is that some people can read this and think that it is some Pro USA anti Russia declaration
Ask HN: Why does the Bing chatbot have a low limit of dialog iterations?
After only four back-and-forths on my dialog, Bing gets “tired”. It was a simple chat about making kombucha.

“Thanks for this conversation! I've reached my limit, will you hit “New topic,” please?”

Same dialog on ChatGPT and it can keep the conversation going. Does this have to do with token counts?
Probably not, but also not sure how that's related?
I’m with you. Pour over can be incredibly simple if you’re not afraid to just experiment and find out how to make it to your tastes without fussing over it all morning.

I love coffee, but I’ll never weigh out grounds for my pour overs. I used to use V60 and occasionally chemex, but then I got annoyed that I couldn’t buy filters for them at any old grocery store. So now I use one that takes #2 Melitta filters.

I can respect connoisseurship, but for something I’m doing several times a day, I need to balance it with practicality or I’ll get burned out on it.
When a CFR conflicts with the law and purports to rewrite state and federal laws (where non-competes are fully legal and have decades, if not centuries of precedence), it is venturing fully over into legislative territory.
ok I am firing up the xerox machine damnit
Only if Japan is absolutely not having any new native kids, which isn't true.

As I said the goal here is to supplement native kids with immigration, not replace them.
Huh. I thought it was an 'Alien' reference.
I don't have any credentials on the topic but I've tracked Ethanol inefficiencies for years in my vehicle. I tow often (between 3000-7000lbs) and my tow vehicle has the capability to run up to 15% ethanol. On average, over the last 7 years, I will lose on average 30% tow range and significant power loss at 10% ethanol. Ethanol has rarely ever been cost effective but it's also harder on engine components because of the less efficient power cycle and quicker buildup in the downpipe of the turbo system in my vehicle.

I monitor other engine vitals with an OBD reader while towing and my engine cycles through thermals faster when running Ethanol as well - the engine gets hotter faster because Ethanol burns hotter, but the BTU output is less - leaving me with that less efficient power cycle.

Overall Ethanol is a complete detriment to any and all IC operations. And don't even think about using Ethanol in any 2 stroke motor. Not only will it basically destroy your motor in record time but it's the worst type of fuel for fuel delivery systems that may not be used on a daily basis.

Ethanol and all the ridiculous subsidies tied to it are one of the biggest rackets out there. It's been known from the beginning that the only thing it's good for is wasting valuable crop land. If it were actually useful we wouldn't need to continue to subsidize corn production for its use decades later.

Ethanol is a joke.
How to Disappear Completely Without a Trace and Never Be Found Again
would love to see an Atari 800.
People usually use the word "democracy" as a synonym for "liberal democracies".
> Car hoods are designed to catch and roll pedestrians

Citation? I know that's more likely with a car than with a big truck, but is that a conscious design choice, or just that a low driver position requires a low hood to see anything at all?
Super smash brothers melee, and it still has a strong grassroots competitive scene. It’s a work of art made in only 9 months
> Transnistria could play precisely that role.

Transnistria isn’t part of Russia and Ukraine isn’t going to take it from Moldova.
Except if the broken up companies then start trimming staff because of the uncertainty of operating with corporate daddy any more. What was a stable company now becomes unstable and the ultimately, it is the employees that suffer
I were a [Chinese|Russian] agent tasked with how to steal credentials from as many large western companies as possible, this is how I would do it.

"It's probably safe to run that .exe"
> German universities are still much more selective

…than US schools? https://giphy.com/gifs/nWn6ko2ygIeEU

What are you basing this on?
That already exists: it’s called gardening leave and it must be compensated.
I’ve seen some discussion about that topic but I’ve found it hard to parse what people think of as far as how explicit they expect congress to be. At some point it seems unworkable/ a recipe for very inflexible government policy.
It's the hypothesis that ascribes the least idiocy to Russian military command, compared to, say, deliberately wading into a multi-year attritional struggle. As much we may think they're fools, they're probably not that stupid.
> I'm from around that region so I'm quite familiar.

Not sufficiently familiar then.

"It is estimated that about 250,000 out of 500,000 people living in Transnistria hold Russian citizenship."

That's as of 2020, "passportization" has continued since then.

https://warsawinstitute.org/russia-hands-passports-diaspora/
https://what-if.xkcd.com/1/
> Likely that's driven by employees moving jobs more frequently in the US; something this would worsen

Perhaps a third-order incentive is that US employers will now start offering better working conditions, including higher pay and better PTO, to stop people from moving so frequently.
> At this point, I'd also like to make it clear that you do not need the forked compiler for our RISC-V-based chips, esp32c2, esp32c3, esp32c6 etc. You only need the forked compiler for our Xtensa-based chips, esp32, esp32s2 & esp32s3.

Would be cool to see the list (and amount) of pending changes required.

https://discourse.llvm.org/u/andreisfr/summary

This is about as much as I can find.

https://github.com/espressif/llvm-project/pull/62