skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
If you suspect some flag effects interact with each other (e.g. one flag increases button size by 10%, and the other decreases it by 10%) you can go one step further and define feature groups and hash by user-id + group-id and then assign non overlapping ranges to the flags.
Ask HN: What is the point of JIT compilation?
For the longest time I have been struggling to understand what is the advantage of JIT (Java, C#) over the static compilation model such as with C++?

The argument goes that the JIT compiler can produce highly optimised code by using run time information of the code hot paths and applying a multitude of optimisations. It is said that is can produce code that can outperform C++.

That sounds great in theory but in reality JIT languages are slower than statically compiled languages. CPU cycles have to be dedicated at run time to analyse and optimise code.

I'm struggling to articulate but in essence my dilemma is the JVM is a marvel of engineering with many many hours spent developing it. However the end result (from a performance metric) is that JIT programs are not faster than statically compiled programs.

So what is the purpose of the JIT compilation model for statically typed languages over AOT compilers?
"Wherever you go, death follows, as a body’s shadow." (in the Paris catacombs)
It's a bit ambiguous to me in that Merck originally argued that molnupiravir would be less susceptible to resistance for Reason A, then now that the bad news is coming out, we have a plausible sounding explanation Reason B that it does have a weakness to resistance. The fact that the stated reasons can just flip on a dime like that bothers me intellectually.

But on another level the whole issue is less relevant than the fact that the West has already been recommending Paxlovid over molnupiravir anyways, not because of resistance concerns but because Paxlovid works better and has less side effects, etc.
By definition, there's never any data to judge innovations. Obviously some opinions turns out to be wrong, but if everybody just waits for data before doing anything, nothing will ever happen. So if you don't like what they are saying, at least try to provide a counterargument.
I enjoy reading such stories, where the software fault (or glitch) is something very simple and easily overlooked. Mind you, this story is from 2002 :-)
PG&E is waaaaa...aay too expensive even during off hours.

I'm always pissed how much lower people in Santa Clara City pay then those in neighboring PG&E cities [0]

[0] https://www.siliconvalleypower.com/residents/rates-and-fees
The Rise of the Millionaire Renters
In this thread you’ve gone form ‘compressors don’t work like that’ to ‘this is all a conspiracy by big A/C’.

You are not engaging with any of the helpful, generous replies, in fact going as far as to say that you wish you could call it ‘coordinated’.

Why are you even here if you think we are all lying shill for big air compressor?
I wouldn't be so sure! There are companies which are developing ICE->EV conversion kits which put the price point in a pretty reasonable place.

This company has it down to 5000 Euros: https://youtu.be/98mlJ1N50DU

That 5000 figure is after EU subsidies, so who knows how such a system would shake out with CA subsidies, but even still: it's possible.
Are people okay with letting """the grid""" dictate when and how far they can travel? My Prius gets 50MPG on a 9 gallon tank and I can "add 400 miles" (to use Tesla marketing terminology) in, like, a minute at a gas pump.
Thanks for the correction. Edited.
This was posted yesterday using the actual blog post link, see the following.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34724585 | 436 comments
It's an excellent idea if the conversion market can be bootstrapped. In France there are already firms offering the service.

Millions of cars exist in the roads and they have 90% of what an electric car needs. There is absolutely no point of sending them to the garbage pile and remanufacture then add electrics, all for the good of the environment.
Yep. No way it's going to cost 14k, even where I live (Portugal) where labour costs are significantly lower than the US, you'll pay a few k for a "simple" engine swap.
100% of users have to trust the code used to generate random numbers for private keys they care about isn't backdoored. Only a subset of users will be able to do this successfully. There is no safety net or recourse for people who will lose their money to backdoored refurbished hardware wallets. Because poor people won't be able to afford newer wallets and will be scammed. There is no good solution to this problem that is actually usable by all classes of people who need financial services.

I recently left a company that pivoted hard to building blockchain infrastructure because I couldn't find any way I could ever recommend my friends or family interact with the services the company was building. A lot of people are holding out for technical vaporware to solve these problems. I can't hold out anymore.
> Is it an `if` resolved at compile time causing the uncompileable code to be unused and disappear after the Zir stage?

Yes. It's exactly that, because Zig very aggressively evaluates values that are known at compile time. It's as simple as:

if (builtin.os.tag == .linux) {
// Everything here only exists if compiling for Linux.
}

The standard library uses this quite a lot for OS/CPU specific things.
...and everyone said my job won't be replaced by AI :/
It's targeted towards ideologues who want to see something done. Not all legislation is meant to be actionable unfortunately
It's possible to install more panels, but in many cases it's harder to get coverage of more than 50-70 % of the roof due to it's geometry/multi-slopeness/vents/etc.
Generally bigger companies have requirements surrounding things like insurance, etc.

Sometimes if you push hard enough and the people want you, they'll tell you the requirements etc. You'll need to talk to the finance group etc. to make sure you comply with any requirements. VMWare wanted $30M in cybersecurity insurance. It wasn't cheap to buy, but worthwhile based on the size of the contract.
Loved the idea of the Dactyl Manuform when I first saw it, however in the act of trying to customize it to exactly what I needed/wanted I found the whole process convoluted and annoying. I understand the idea behind it now and might try and set my environment up to match his (since I didn't know he had a video on it.) But either way I can't see this as being a good solution to the problem.
Can I share a shower thought? Just because this thread made me thing about how wealth is accumulating so much at the top yet there is so much poverty.

What if we put a limit on inheritance. Let say at most 100M go to your kids.

The rest is put on a fund with your name and shares a given to kids when they are born. A way to have a legacy that doesn't just go to your kids but to every kid in the next generation. Perhaps rich people can be remembered that way and they don't have to play games trying to be in the in top of forbes, etc.
Watch and airpods are both rather successful products that capture about 30% industry market share every year.
The blog post doesn't really make a comparison between DuckDB and data frame libraries. It mentions that the DuckDB Python bindings can interoperate with Pandas, but it doesn't really explain why you would use DuckDB instead of Pandas, or Polars (which is both faster and more portable than Pandas).
"We are excited to announce the addition of telemetry in this release. [...] This feature can be easily turned off in the settings if desired."

How did they know in the previous 5 major versions which part of the product to improve?
MMOs are just so expensive to develop now that innovation is almost dead. You either make a WoW-like or you die (and many times you die anyway). They really don’t make MMOs like they used to.
That doesn’t mean he has a source though. He could have fabricated the entire story.

He could also have a source who fabricated the entire story.

Even if he did have a source or sources, the level of detail is astonishing. The source or sources would have needed to be omnipresent across multiple agencies and government offices. That alone seems improbable.
Some people don't have much of a choice, if they don't have a private parking at home or a public charger nearby.
That is plain not true (and that is all I will say about it).
When the little person in their garage invents the next light bulb, and goes to industry players to try to license it, they just steal their idea and legally stonewall them for the remainder of their lifespan.
Is it still Fair Use if you make money with it?
Probably not the most complex. Look at some Japanese arcade games with jackpots.[1]

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0OnmhhFk9g
These are quite readily available from many other retailers and sometimes for even cheaper than $300. My guess is they had plans to release a 2tb storage module with these inside them but people aren't actually buying the 1tb modules so they decided to sell them for use in steam deck.

If business 101 is marketing to fanboys then I guess you're right.
https://www.law.cornell.edu/

Not a course, but a good resource for finding up-to-date versions of laws in the US.
I noticed strange power behaviour in an old phone after not using it for a period and storing it charged. It seemed to run down, and have less room at the low end between 20 and 0% charge. I'd like to do something with the phone but I am not sure if I can easily get inside and access the battery. I do have an old galaxy 2 without a battery that I could do something with but I'm not sure what.
Anyone have a Renault Alpine A310 laying around?
Or those third-party memory cards that had multiple "pages" that could be switched via a tactile button. "I know it's on here somewhere."
A fully ChatGPT powered Substack. Will you subscribe?
Don't you need to send the generator hardware dongle thingy (whatever it is called in English) to the user?
Have you considered retail Or other distribution channels?

I've reached out to a couple of resellers, but they weren't interested, though I didn't pursue it very heavily. With supply shortages, I can only produce ~200 devices/month, and I can sell that volume on my own, so the resellers wouldn't help much. Maybe next year when the supply is less constrained.

Do you have a SO, if so what do they think about this experiment

Yep, she helped edit this post! We met when I was a year into bootstrapping, so she kind of knew what she was getting into, and she's been supportive. She worked on the business for the first year when we were quarantined for COVID and doing everything from our house.
Cash flow solves everything, or profit solves everything are perhaps better phrases, since apparently people forgot that the purpose of a company is to make profit, not just revenue.
I suppose that leads to a broader question: when should you use an in-memory database, and when should you use a data frame library? The distinction between the two seems to be getting blurry (which maybe is a good thing).
As trynewideas says, “Wi” was the name of the player who famously described this problem. Source: I worked for Turbine at the time.
Great way to introduce bug-doors! Looks hilarious, love it!
You know what would have made it even better though? Not having a bug that made your character cursed through no fault of your own without any recourse.
I hate these filters too but the fact that someone out there thought that a good command to run for funsies is the "rm -rf /" command just breaks my heart. This is why we can't have nice things,
> License preference: Some people prefer true open-source licenses as opposed to the license that Elasticsearch has switched to.

Those people can also use OpenSearch, which is a recent fork of ElasticSearch (by Amazon) that is using the Apache 2.0 license.
Leonardo noted link between gravity and acceleration centuries before Einstein
There’s a weird repetition in the article.

> This was a strangely ill-conceived mic drop. A gigantic, misdirected middle finger to the surf world who’d done nothing but happily line up to purchase Clark Foam’s product.

This appears in the article twice.
From the Typesense's site: "Typesense is an in-memory datastore", "If your dataset size is 1GB, you'd need between 2GB - 3GB RAM to hold the whole index in memory."

Manticore is different in terms of this, especially the Manticore columnar storage which doesn't require a significant portion of the data set to be stored in memory. This allows, for example, for a 1TB data set to be served on a standard server with some 32GB of RAM.
Every Angel Is Terrifying
Addressability != accessability of course.
https://www.npmjs.com/package/puppeteer-extra-plugin-stealth
I don’t think nuclear is evil, but Rosie’s look at the financials suggests there are better options: https://youtu.be/quI_8xYSWYE
Around 15 years ago, when casual little games on Facebook were still a thing (actually when Facebook itself was still a thing), I used to play Yahtzee on the site while watching TV shows or whatever. It was one of the most popular games on there. For me it was something to fidget with (there was no money involved or anything, just a personal high score), so I played it a lot.

I felt more and more that dice values of specifically 1 and 6 were harder to come by than other values, so one day I sat down for a few minutes and logged the value of 100 or so dice throws. Turns out I was right, the distribution was not uniform: 2-5 were fine, but it seemed that it was twice as hard to get a 1 or a 6 compared to any other value.

I even did a chi-squared hypothesis test, because I was crazy. (And because I was studying for my statistics minor in university at the time).

Seeing the result, the problem was pretty clear, without even knowing the source code. Almost certainly, they had a random number generator giving a number in a uniform range, let's say from 0 to 1, and did something like the following to get a dice value from 1 to 6:

value = round(random()*5)+1

Do you spot the issue?

The problem is that round() rounds to the nearest integer. So any value between, say, 1.5 and 2.5 (exclusive at one end) rounds to 2, 2.5-3.5 rounds to 3, and so on. Add 1, and you have the dice value.

But the ranges for dice values 1 and 6, are only 0 to 0.5 and 4.5-5 respectively, so ranges that are only half the size.

The fix should be extremely simple:

value = floor(random()*6)+1

The crucial point being to use floor() or ceil() instead of round(), to only round towards one direction.

I wrote up exactly this in a short email to the company that made the Yahtzee game. They did not reply and just silently fixed the bug, right after my email. I was disappointed and stopped playing.
> I've generally found that if you can't measure something well, large American companies act extremely poorly with regards to that thing.

This is true, and goes double (at least) for anything that is at odds with maximizing superficial short-term profits, or with absolute control by management over employees' existences.

There are many studies at this point showing how much more productive and profitable companies can be when they treat their employees well and pay them at or above market rate, but the neofeudal mindset and the idea that this quarter's profit growth are the only metric are so deeply ingrained into so many people's heads that it's very, very hard to make any inroads.
Assuming that 1% is even true (I'd say that's an overestimate), the other 99% of the time, ads are distracting, misleading, and manipulative, all in ways that are bad for your mental health because they make you feel like you're not safe enough, your life isn't interesting enough, you don't have enough, etc. Even if, like me, you're fastidious about unsubscribing from ads and blocking ads, advertisers are adept at shoving their shite in front of you in violation of your consent.

Cryptocurrencies are pretty bad, but at least if you ignore them, they don't find you and directly harm you.
More responsive, lol.
mozilla is an org that lost its focus and goes after butterfly projects while their browser is the slowest and heaviest on battery with a tiny user base.

i am a firefox user everywhere except ios, where it's safari. i dont mind the diversity actually, use a safari integrated blocker, not much worse than ublock and i'm sure my battery thanks me for it.
>it's at best bad graffiti purely meant to inflame

Funny I was just thinking the same about the original comment.
> No-one is doing a bottom of the barrel EV conversion on a run down 2008 toyota corolla.

Right, but California wants them to, so they are offering a subsidy.

The EV market is still growing and we will have to re-invent a lot of the well-established secondary ICE markets. These markets include engine rebuild, transmission rebuild, and component rebuild (starters, batteries, alternators, water pumps, etc.)

California is subsidizing the creation of secondary markets for reusing EV battery packs while also potentially increasing demand and service life for used cars. A savvy EV converter might target cars with particularly weak or undesirable powertrains for conversion. 2008 Toyota Corollas are already in high demand, but what about a mid-2000s GM crossover SUV?
Until you were actually taking part in combat and did damage to something, at which point you'd be it.
That logic is broken because it does not apply uniformly across the FAANGs.
It's not about being prevented from doing something, but moreso when it's convenient & economical. Just like when you're running low on gas (but not out and not in a rush to fill up) you might plan a visit to a discount center like Costco during off-peak hours to avoid the lines, EV owners schedule their home charging during off-peak hours to save money.

If I'm on a roadtrip I can still stop at a supercharger and be boosted up in 10-15 mins.
> I've always wondered the best way to write tests for "This event should happen x% of the time."

I use https://github.com/pkhuong/csm/blob/master/csm.py to set a known false alarm rate (e.g., one in a billion) and test that some event happens with probability in a range [lo, hi], with lo < expected < hi (e.g., expected +/- 0.01). The statistical test will run more iteration as needed. If that's too slow, you can either widen the range (most effective), or increase the expected rate of false alarms (not as effective, because the number of iteration scales logarithmically wrt false alarms).
BusyBox has Ash sh and a number of other binaries all compiled into a multiply-symlinked executable.

BusyBox and Ash (and Bash) in Rust would be neat. IDK that docstring parity would be a good thing?

There's also RustPython.
You can have run a company for zero profit and it can still be a benefit to society, so no the "purpose of a company is to make profit" is not necessarily true.

"If we want to know what a business is, we have to start with its purpose. And the purpose must lie outside the business itself. In fact, it must lie in society, since a business enterprise is an organ of society. There is only one valid definition of business purpose: to create a customer. The customer is a foundation of a business and keeps it in existence. The customer alone gives employment. And it is to supply the customer that society entrusts wealth-producing resources to the business enterprise.

Because it is the purpose to create a customer, any business enterprise has two – and only two – basic functions: marketing and innovation. These are the entrepreneurial functions. Marketing is the distinguishing, the unique function of the business."

- Peter Drucker
Once waste has made it to dry cask storage, it's not much of a problem. But there are still too many spent fuel rods in cooling pools at power stations.
That stuff was supposed to go to Yucca Mountain, but for political reasons, that didn't happen.
Excellent post and very informative. Nuclear power production is the only way forward if we want to have a chance of not completely destroying our environment.
Let’s hope that nuclear fusion will become mainstream sooner than later.
I would wager that most of the people in support of this law didn't even think about your use case (a truck), and if they did, they probably just assumed that nobody with a truck actually needs one (something I hear regularly asserted all the time), and after you give them a use case they'll just say "well most people don't actually need them" as if that makes it ok now to utterly screwing that minority using the law.

By the time they're done with it, it won't just be the rebate (carrot of "carrot and stick") they'll use to motivate you. It will also be when gas $30+ per gallon (stick of "carrot and stick") as a result of other policies they'll develop when people aren't moving fast enough to get electified. Between artificial production limits/quotas/taxes/etc the EV cost to own and drive will be a lot more competitive and most people will do what they want just to stop the pain.

I think EVs are the natural future as tech improves (and I'm glad for it because we do have to get away from combustion for energy), but the amount of pain and suffering people are willing to inflict on others in order to accelerate the timeline really shocks me sometimes.
The original Purdue Pharma!
> I thought everyone knew the person that reads the code can only describe it to someone else who writes the new code. Having the same party do it would make it a copy, if the purpose and construction is the same.

The same party can do it and not have it count as a copy, but it could be a copy if the party was not careful. So a company that wants to avoid potentially being sued will not allow one party to do both. So jimmaswell is correct to my understanding but a company may want extra legal armor/padding.
If you like the idea of a "markdown for 3D models", you should definitely check out Smooth Voxels: https://svox.glitch.me/

I have a fork of it that is faster and also command line tools to make working with these kinds of objects UNIXy. https://github.com/webspace-sdk/smoothvoxels
I don’t think we should take anything at face value either. Especially when the story is at a level that could create or expand a military conflict.

The importance of this story is at Bay of Tonkin or WMD levels. At that level, credibility is not sufficient without sufficient evidence.
> Are you saying Cook’s 10+ years that took the company from $100B/year to $400B/year are the short term

Yes, however it's clearly successful.

> Are you saying Cook’s 10+ years that took the company is at the expense of the next 90 years?

Apple is slowly pulling away consumer ownership of their devices and is turning into an advertisement company. I honestly believe that is at the expense of the next 90 years. And this is rather more the point that I tried to make: short term profits at the expense of long-term customer satisfaction.
I have a single machine EC2 instance with 32 cores and 240GB memory and about 200 GB of partitioned Parquet files. I use DuckDB and Python with complex SQL (window functions, inequality joins, quantile functions etc) to extract data from this data.

Because it’s a single machine (no distributed cluster) DuckDB can heavily parallelize and vectorize. I don’t know if I can give you perf numbers but complex analytic queries over the entire dataset regularly finish in 1-2 mins (not scientific since I’m not telling what kinds of queries I’m running).

I’ve used Spark SQL and DuckDB overall is just more ergonomic, less boilerplate and is much faster since it is so lightweight.

Granted DuckDB can only process data on one machine (whereas Spark can scale up indefinitely by adding machines) but most data sets I work with fit on a single beefy machine.

Distributed computing — most of the time, you ain’t gonna need it.

It’s like StackOverflow: it serves 2B requests a month but only runs on a few on-prem servers. Most people think this is impossible but you can actually do a lot with very few machines if you’re smart about it. Same with data. Big data is overrated.
The humbling of Gautam Adani is a test for Indian capitalism