skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think there's a meaningful distinction between "privatized prison" and "service provided to prison by private company." The trouble with privatized prisons is that the incentives are all wrong. (Those incentives being: cut costs, cut corners, minimize oversight/hide failures, increase number of inmates.)

On the other hand, privatizing some services makes sense, depending on how you structure the deal. Same reason your tech employer buys some software—you can supply some things at better quality for cheaper price by trading for them. The catch: don't establish a monopoly where the provider can set costs and pass costs directly to inmates.

For example, a lot of jails, especially smaller jails, have a private company run their medical care. The doctor doesn't bill for every visit, they negotiate a rate with the county. It's cheaper than the county employing a doctor directly. One doctor can serve many counties. (I know one who serves 8 plus a few juvenile detention centers.) And if the doctor or nurse quits, the company has enough scale they can make sure somebody else shows up for the next shift. "Privatized?" yes. But also way better than the alternative in practice.
This is a wild misstatement of what is going on. Morphogenesis is primarily governed by chemical interactions between proteins, on cell surfaces and secreted into intercellular space, as has been studied for decades:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_biology

And the proteins, and the maps and schedules for their production, and the machinery which gives them effect, are all encoded in the DNA.

I haven't actually followed Levin's recent work, so i don't know if he's going round actively misleading people about this, or if people are hearing about his work and assuming that's the whole story. To be honest, from what i've heard, he seems like a crank.
Not currently but I did at a different role. It's dirt cheap and almost infinitely scalable. There's not all the added complexity of running and tuning something like ES
There are many federal protections for mail. This sounds unplausible.
This is indeed a fascinating read. What I'd love to have is a "how can I spot this happening with my queries in production"?

Most libraries I've used as an API developer prepare queries, it's a great peace of mind for SQL injection attacks where you're dealing with user input - so this could be happening in my app and I wouldn't even know about it!

What do you think the downside of just defensively enabling force_custom_plan is, if any?
Copilot is perfectly capable of understanding my extremely complex spaghetti code and give accurate suggestions based on the context spanning many files. It truly feels like you're doing pair programming with another human being.
I concur. Though I would love if the mobile experience made it a bit easier to click the vote buttons!
Funny, I had the same in mind! (he's really funny!)
On the internet, nobody knows you're a dog.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Internet,_nobody_knows_...
It’s mostly just those 2 things. SSR, routing, and having them work together nicely.

You also get easy to use build/start/dev scripts which takes the hassle out of setting up your project, which is pretty nice.

That’s really all there is to it. It doesn’t handle things like state management or data fetching.
There needs to be a government regulation that forbids platform gatekeeping. If you sell a general-purpose device or make an OS for such devices, you can't insert yourself between third-party app developers and their users, simple as that. This would solve the problem you're describing.
I agree. Things fall into existing grooves. Your band comes up with a new sound and people say, "That's kind of like Mazzy Star," and now you point it more that way. It falls into that nearby groove instead of continuing on its own. A lot of great sounds came out of the 1960s because there were so few grooves. No one knew what the rules were.

Plus, a lot of low hanging fruit stays there because no one looks at it. Everyone is looking at x, y, and z, and there are a thousand variations of those, and they ignore a, b, and c because no one brought it up.
Also what’s fun is that when you have usize and u64, which are both the same size on 64-bit systems, you might instinctively cast between them. But this could truncate the u64 on 32-bit systems, and it could truncate the usize on future 128-bit systems!

So neither type implements From/Into the other, the best you get are TryFrom/TryInto where you either have to handle an error or discard it after “proving” overflow can’t happen.

This is unambiguously the correct behavior, but it is sort of frustrating at times.
I've experimented with annealing PLA parts in an oven, packed in fine-ground salt. It seemed to do a great job in terms of preventing deformation, and the resultant part was much stronger.
...not only that, they also developed something like precursors to eyes. As in light sensitive cells.

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/mini-brains-grown-...
Happy that the Tapbots team was able to get Ivory out in the world and generally available so fast.

As a long time Tweetbot user, Ivory’s been my favourite Mastodon client so far and I’m happy to be able to continue to support such a passionate team who creates great user experiences.
the thing I never understood about nuclear annihilation is that doesn't it mainly focus on urban areas? Just curious are there enough nukes in the world to wipe every square km of the earth? When nations scale their arsenal what's their budgeting rationale, to hit all the major cities of an opponent?

Dropping a Tsar Bomba 17,080 km²
https://nuclearsecrecy.com/nukemap/

* Surface of North America 24.71 million km²

* Surface of South America 17.84 million km²

* Surface of Africa 30.37 million km²
Yep. The High Priests who, for an offering and proper supplication, will take your request to the Oracle.

Or maybe we will see something like, "Hey, ChatGPT1, formulate a question with appropriate qualifiers and specifications to get ChatGPT2 to return the following..."
Why we all need subtitles now
Until managers threaten to fire them for "wasting time" correcting the output.
Ask HN: What is the “proper” way to do error-handling in TypeScript?
Folks, I feel like I'm losing my mind. Typescript's concept that `error` is either `any` or `unknown` feels like such a massive gaping problem. I get that it's Javascript's fault for not having a rigorous error typing system. What are some strategies you guys use to expose the kinds of errors your libs throw, or capture the errors other people's code throws?
For mobile web, I can see how the new design would be an improvement there. The old site doesn't even support mobile.

I posted a reply to another comment here about some of their stats accessible to mods of subreddits. So far it seems to me that enough people use old.reddit.com to make it worth it.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34506885
This 100%. You love your job and you're happy. You hit the lottery. I've read about high IQ individuals that just couldn't make life work for them for what ever reason. IQ is not that important to succeed in life. Please don't focus on it. Just learn to fight the projects one bit at a time until you get them done.

I advice you to read about Richard Feynman's way to learn. It will help you get past your perceived limitations. You should also read the book Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell.

Congrats on your job satisfaction.
Shaeq and Samrose: for us investors here, where are you in terms of fundraising? I'm an ex AWS (google me, you'll have a few laughs!), turned VC in the past few years. $HN_username at gmail if you want to reach out and chat!

Edit: here's me with Andy, from a millenium ago [0].

[0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWL0_Xdntzo&t=2907s
But even this article states that the L2 and front end aren't bottlenecks on simultaneous operation.

Perhaps it'd be more accurate to say that the case was lost primarily based on the strength of the argument that there are four FPUs, considering how there had been other examples of independent cores sharing L2 and other things.
Why should you have to give your extra money to people in specific professions rather than give it to a family in Guatemala where it will go further?

Do you tip everyone you interact with? How do you know who to tip? That sounds exhausting.
I'm not imputing anything on the AI. I'm asking a question and then offering conjecture as to why the current answers the question are unsatisfying. The question is: Why do we accept that a human understands the concept of hand despite drawing hands poorly while simultaneously saying the AI draws hands poorly because it doesn't understand hands?
Great piece, it seems to have produced a couple of non-ai-augmented thoughts...

1. When ambitious young cooks / farmers etc set out to make a name for themselves in the food industry, I don't get the impression they're rushing towards kosher food development en masse. But I could be wrong.

2. Over the course of my life I've observed (and lived) the response to the dissolution with mass market factory farm food to be a movement towards local, organic, small batch and visibly produced / performed food production.

3. I want to believe a distaste or boredom with ai produced content will lead us all offline and make us more focused on art, music, writing, advice etc produced by people we actually know in real life. Like a farmers market but for everything.

4. If I had to guess though I'd say its more likely in the short term to just increase the popularity of live streaming everything.

I should really have had chatGPT proof read this for me and optimize it for upvotes.

CERTIFIED ORGANIC AI-FREE POST
Agree- so many are dismissing it because its not perfect

In fact, I'd submit that phenomenon as its own entry in the Weirdest or Most Surreal Tech Trend contest. People who, when confronted with a talking dog, say things like, "This talking dog is an idiot. It thinks 429 is prime, its painting looks like something from Bob Ross on acid, and the C++ code it wrote for me is full of bugs. I don't see what all the hype is about."

Some of this dismissiveness is just whistling past the graveyard, but much of it comes from people who genuinely think the human brain is something that operates by means of ethereal, ineffable, and unreproducible mystic forces.
> Can you imagine achieving recognition or winning money as the 3000th best Fortnite player

There are quite a few retired pros still earning in that cohort, so, yeah. The prize pool is pretty deep and 3,000 is still top 0.2%.
Oh, that explains it! Is Firefox supported aswell?
That is usually fine. It is generally good for system generated times representing the past. You can store in UTC and display in in any zone.

It is not good for user entered historical times that they expect will remain exactly as they entered. Even if the user specifies a specific timezone, for long enough ago timestamps the TZDB does get occasional updates to past timezone data to better reflect what actually happened.

If the user entered 10 AM America/New_York for a long ago date, you convert it to UTC, and then the TZDB updates historical timestamp info, based on newly uncovered evidence, now it might appear as 9 AM or 11 AM or whatever.

It is also insufficient for user entered future times. If the user enters a time for an event 5 years from now in their local timezone, and the local DST rules chance, they would typically still want the event to occur at the local time, which means converting to UTC and then back won't work.
> ...proto type with index card, pen, paper ....

go e-ink & vr and save the $$ not spent on consumable resources for venture capital.
> What's the big deal? People on HN explore adjacent topics quite frequently, and the idea that both police and prisons exist to exert power over (and frequently choose to exercise violence upon) the population is a very common and uncontroversial feeling.

It's popular right now to bash the police as corrupt and as not having people's best interest at heart. But the fact is that those are only some of the police. And when we start throwing out our respect for the institution as a whole, that's when we'll start seeing real corruption.

The big deal to me is that not everything has to be about police officers. The article raises a real issue about prisons scanning mail and refusing to deliver paper copies. That's horrible, and there is a ton of interesting stuff to discuss there. Why do we need to steer it towards yet another uninteresting and rote "police are all corrupt" "hell yeah suck it bootlickers" discussion?

> Not trying to "out" you here, just trying to understand why you're fighting so hard on their behalf, but do you maybe have a friend or relative that works in the police? Nothing wrong with it, but I have seen that this causes people to be more willing to turn a blind eye towards (or even to outright forgive and excuse) some of the darker things they do. Often viewing them as victims to be defended, while many of the rest of us tend to want the police to be more accountable and generally less violent.

I have zero relatives in law enforcement and I don't work in law enforcement. But I really think the rote "police suck" attitude and the current popularity of completely thoughtless police bashing is really going to hurt us all in the long run.

The flaw in your reasoning is that because some police officers have done bad things all police officers are bad. That's not true and it's not supported by the evidence.
Prediction time!

In 2023 we will see the first major incident with real-world consequences (think accidents, leaks, outages of critical systems) because someone trusted GPT-like LLMs blindly (either by copy-pasting code, or via API calls).
Well, I did mill the PTFE yaws for stickvise myself, and was seriously contemplating building a stickvise style vise (as I pretty much have the needed tools)- until I needed some Digikey part ASAP and had to fill the cart to free shipping threshold :)
The preferred term is race-conscious. But this caught my eye:

> Race: non-White

Usually it's not so direct, and they'll write something like "Black, indigenous [no, ethnically French people living in France don't count], Latinx, Middle Eastern, Asian, Pacific Islander, or minority* ethnic" - i.e. enumerate every racial group except whites.

*Minority relative to one of the still majority-white countries, of course.
Found the AI!
how far away is this from a 'two guys with the same name fucking around in a garage' (Apple mythical origin story) sort of setting?

Like when can I be a mad scientist making irregular beating sheets of chicken heart muscle in my basement?
The above poster is right. If you have uBlock Origin, it blocks it by default. I tested the following:

1. Plain install: Not blocked
2. With uBlock Origin: Blocked
3. Strict Enhanced Tracking Protection: Blocked
4. 2+3: Still blocked (unsurprisingly)

I would expect knowledgeable and concerned users (i.e. installing at least uBlock Origin) and people on systems managed by such people (e.g. family members of people in the first group who let that person manage their system) to be a higher percentage of Firefox users than other browsers.

I don't think Firefox has say a 10% share, but I do think that data derived from statcounter.com is going to underrepresent the share of Firefox users. As Google continues to make larger moves to fight ad-blocking, I expect that gap will widen.
Interesting why it changes 350px to 600px.

Also interesting is how it's explanation of the deobfuscated code, although broadly correct in terms of goal, doesn't accurately describe the steps. Almost as if it's disregarding the code altogether and merely describing another implementation of "resizeImage".
All the members of the NSA swore an oath to the constitution but what they actually followed were the orders of those cutting their paychecks to spy on the American public.

Also note all the leaked footage of our military gleefully mowing down children and keeping score. They are never prosecuted for war crimes either. Just part of the job.

That is how humans work everywhere. The US is not special.
> what have you done so far

So far, I am a week into learning ML :). I have spent ~30 hours watching various ML courses and am in the process of testing the hypothesis that teaching reading with a shallower orthography (e.g., differentiating between the short and long 'e' sounds by introducing an 'ē' grapheme) leads to improved recognition of sublexical patterns. The step I am working on is building an embedding layer to ensure that these new graphemes (i.e., 'ē', 'ā', etc.) are near their parent grapheme (i.e., 'e', 'a') in the embedding space. (Although the model seems straightforward, I could also be completely misguided in how I am tackling this problem :) ).

FYI, this orthographic approach (i.e., how words are spelled using an alphabet) is used in a few highly researched literacy programs, but AFAICT there isn't direct research on the approach itself. The motivation is to initially make English a consistent language (i.e., the letters you see have a one-to-one correspondence with a particular sound). This should greatly simplify the initial roadblock in learning to read English (as seen by studies of countries with "shallow" orthographic languages) and then learners would transfer this knowledge to the normal (inconsistent) English orthography.
The problem is more insidious, their incentives are to keep them incarcerated, not retrain them in any meaningful way, and hope they repeat.
As a software engineer in a great job at an exciting company, I think programming is like magic but I've never completely felt at home doing it.

I still have this have this urge to go be a doctor, despite investing 7 years of my life into computer science. Thanks virtueman for your input here, it really summarizes the biggest pros of medicine.

It's apparent that you've thought deeply about this virtueman, what's your relationship to medicine?
This is a weird take, since most end users have no idea what React is. They just access websites (always have, will continue to do so).

I think it is an interesting exercise to think about the worst thing to happen to web development in the past 20 years, but I don't think I have an answer for that right now.
> Prison guards are LEOs, just part of a different agency than the police most of us see in town.

So what? You might as well say the article is about dogs eating mail, dogs are mammals, so I'm going to talk about how much I hate elephants even though they don't eat mail.
I wanted the credit hours though :)
Ha ha only serious - for me, the most profound thing about ChatGPT and friends is that they show how much of human behaviour is not actually intelligent in some deep sense.
Argon2 is pretty memory hungry. Recommended defaults go up to the gigabyte range. That means that you have to be careful that you don't create a situation where the user originally encrypts their passwords on a device with lots of memory but then tries to decrypt their passwords on a system with not as much memory as was used for Argon2. Then the Argon2 implementation blows up with an out of memory error and the user has effectively lost access to their passwords.

Cache hardness might be more appropriate for situations where multiple devices are involved. Then the user just has to wait for a while if things go bad...
While being 3 years old, this video [1] is a good example of some of the behavior Google uses when they find out you're not using Chrome.

[1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELCq63652ig
OpenSSF Aimed to Stem Open Source Security Problems in 2022
> Problem is they have to keep moving it closer to midnight or they won't get any media attention.

It was last moved in 2020 and doesn't appear to move every year. Moreover, it has been moved back in the past. I don't get the impression this is some cynical media ploy but instead an educational effort from some well meaning experts in their respective fields trying to raise awareness and provoke action towards remedying various existential threats, including nuclear war, but also climate change and biological threats.
Have you seen anybody that works on the field claim that AGI is around the corner?

Even the idea that LLMs can eventually get there isn't taken seriously.
I think they'll move away from limiting or censoring it once the general public gets more familiar with language models and what they can/can't do.
It's a bit of a silly endeavor to try to limit some answers when the whole point of ChatGPT is that there are a million different way you can get it to do what you want or trick it so ignores its prompts or its safety features.
Either that or someone will move faster than them and release a 100% unfiltered model.
It will most likely be overwhelmed by spam and scams, like telegram or like usenet itself (sadly). Until I got fed up and deleted telegram, I was randomly added to at least 1 investment scam promotion group every week.
> 12+ years of incarceration in the federal system. His crime was armed robbery, first offense, no one was injured, and he profited a grand total of $35,000.

No one was harmed. But the crime involved threat of death. So threatening to kill at least one person is a pretty serious crime. It’s good that no one was killed, but definitely the intent to kill for personal gain was part of the reason for such a lengthy sentence.

There are many flaws with the prison system but I wanted to point out the logical flaw of “no one was killed in this game of Russian roulette so it’s not that bad of a thing” kind of thinking. Threatening someone’s life for $35k is a big deal, I think.
FYI: A stick of eels is 25 eels. A bind is 10 sticks.
Conversely, I have seen that some of the most boring startups that you never hear of, but are killing it, are built by domain experts who know the task they're trying to solve inside and out. Two examples from my own country, Spain:

- A man who built a SaaS for local administrations and has about a ~50% share of the market. He spent 30 years working for the Spanish IRS in different positions. I don't know the insider story, but looking at the website he just made a SaaS solution with good UX in a space where UX tends to be atrocious.

- RatedPower's CTO. RatedPower makes a software that automates the design of renewable power plants. This guy had been drawing the plans by hand as a renewables engineer, realized a computer would be perfectly equipped to do it, and the competition in the space had grown complacent and barely innovated in years, so he did it.

The older I grow the more I get excited by boring ideas. People pitch ideas to me frequently and most of the time I literally end up thinking "not boring enough"!
I like how this highlights the pitfalls of using `as` to cast between types. The article says to prefer using `try_into()` instead of `as`, which is a good suggestion when available, but `as` lets you cast between floats and ints, while `try_into` is not implemented for these type conversions. I think the reasoning is it is unclear `try_into` should fail when it had to round a decimal number down or only when the float was something above the bounds or `NaN`. Regardless it seems like a missed opportunity in the standard library.

https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&editio...
It does mean that you don't need the most computing power to train a successful model.
No, I don't believe you at all. If you hurt the baby, it suffers. Inability of most people to remember those times, doesn't make that not the case.
Some gut bacteria appear to communicate with the brain
Also, thanks to the language, most bounds checks can be elided in practice with idiomatic code. This isn’t as often the case with arithmetic operations.

I do wish there was a(n optional) clippy lint to warn against non-explicit integer arithmetic operations though.