skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> However my understanding is that PRNGs are not a suitable source of randomness for one time pads

A PRNG (Pseudorandom Number Generator) can have varying levels of (1) Quality, and (2) Adversarial resistance (both are closely related of course). Quality generally can be estimated by quantities like period, correlations and some other measures; there are tools that can give useful measures of quality. Adversarial resistance needs serious cryptanalysis (not just passing randomness tests), preferably relying on well known constructions (like hash functions constructions). When a PRNG is made with (2) in mind, it's usually called a CSPRNG (Cryptographically Secure PRNG). DJB here is presenting a CSPRNG:

> This makes the randombytes() output suitable for use in applications ranging from simulations to cryptography

Daniel is a well known cryptographer and this seems to reuse linux kernel and OpenSSL primitives, so I assume it's fine here to use for any cryptographic applications.

Note that one-time pad is a very inefficient cryptography. Generally in cryptography you don't want to roll your own algorithm except for study/research purposes (the famous adage "Don't roll your own crypto") -- just use something like OpenSSL or libsodium.
Suddenly Everyone Loves Tanks Again
iDevices are actually excellent at e-waste reduction precisely because of their "erase everything" feature, which gives owners a very quick and assured way to ensure the devices are actually wiped and reduces incentives to shredding devices or parts of them.
> Good luck producing LCD array with same level of tech in some remote colony light years from advanced foundries.

Any colony that can manufacture integrated circuits can easily manufacture LCD panels.

The ability to manufacture integrated circuits will likely be seen as important as the ability to manufacture oxygen in any colony, so there will probably be an LCD "printer" as part of their standard list of abilities.

This person made a simple passive LCD at home: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zoeeR3geTA

The ability of simple automated machines stashed in a maintenance closet to churn out screens of arbitrary size as-needed is not far-fetched in a world of interstellar travel.
I live in the UK where the cost of living is very low (less than half that of the US), and contractor wages are high. Contractor wages are so high in the UK because our labour laws are so strong. Companies will pay a huge premium to be able to terminate my contract with a week's notice.
Setting aside the fact (pointed out by several siblings) that they do buy back stock...

Why should they? Who does it benefit? Not their customers. Not their products. Not their future prospects. Not their employees, for the most part.

...Oh, the shareholders? You mean they should throw massive amounts of money—their hedge against future problems—into enriching people who are, for the most part, already vastly wealthy?
Quill was like a cross between slack and some forum functions. Never used it at work but did for another project. Sadly was bought and decommissioned by Twitter.
Harder sci-fi may be more focused on the science but a big component of sci-fi as I understand it is exploration of humanity and its social dynamics in unknown/challenging environments. In which case CRT might indeed be relevant in some scenarios…
It’s a little naive to think that people posting AI generated will be transparent about it.

Unless platforms have software to automatically detect and/or flag AI generated content it won’t help
Eh I think there are at least a few notable differences compared to those list items. Most powerful one is storytelling. I’ve recently been reading a few books by naturalists (e.g. A Sand County Almanac, which is incredible) and that has changed my views far, far more effectively than any of the things you listed.

Other benefits video games might have even over a great story seem like they’d be notable: highly visual, and more interactive than books.
Anecdotally, when I first started taking (6 normal-strength pills a day) of fish oil in college, I quite unexpectedly noticed my "field of view" expanded when I was driving. Previously I'd been exclusively focused on a smallish area immediately in front my my car, but after a few months of Omega 3s, I noticed I was "noticing" and taking into account traffic that was much further down the street.

Though I kinda suspect that was the result of curing a deficiency, because I plateaued and didn't notice other improvements after continued supplementation. It was also very early in the fish oil/Omega 3 craze, so I suspect the food up to that point was generally more deficient in it (e.g. no feed chickens flax to get "Omega 3" eggs).
> Yup its just that they have become the largest seller of status signalling veblan goods in history, in times where inequality is at its highest.

This assertion falls apart under even basic sober analysis. It may sound tautological but entire point of status signaling is that other people notice it. iPhones look very similar to the equivalents and most people aren't going to be able to tell which model or year you have without a close examination – contrast with a luxury sports car which is audibly and visibly distinct from a fair distance. If you look at what actual rich people do, you can really understand the point: there's no better phone available at any price due to how the product segment works so they buy the same phone as everyone else but they get things like high-ended designer cases because that's where there's room to demonstrate how much money you have. Tim Cook has essentially the same phone as half the people in line at your local coffee shop; that's decidedly not true of actual luxury goods.

It also has two other fundamental flaws: the first is the assertion that there's a substantial price difference when even a bit of research would show that equivalent phones cost roughly the same amount even before you adjust for the extra years of service an iPhone will provide. These comparisons can also be complicated because, for example, if you care about battery life or CPU performance the comparison for a Pixel 7 isn't the iPhone 14 but a much cheaper iPhone 11 but the same probably isn't true if your primary buying criteria is camera quality.

The second is trying to look at this in isolation: the price differential between one phone and another just isn't that much compared to other things people spend money on — a phone costs significantly less than what most people will spend on cell service over the same timeframe, and for perspective the total lifetime cost for that phone is likely to be 1-2 months worth of rent. For something which people derive heavy value from throughout the day, that's definitely not conspicuous consumption.

The U.S. median income is something like $50k so even if you're buying the most expensive model sold you're looking less than one percent of median income over the average 40 months that Americans keep their phones. Contrast that with, say, cars where the average new vehicle buyer is spending the equivalent of that purchase price _every month_ on something they use on average less than one hour per day and most of them are paying significant premiums for models which aren't more useful for the things they actually do just to present an aesthetic style. If you want to talk about Veblen goods, ask why so many people are commuting to office jobs in $60-90k trucks in showroom condition.
The previous owner CAN unlock if they're able to and they know they're supposed to. Unfortunately I suspect a lot of devices are intentionally donated or recycled while unintentionally locked. I wonder what percentage of SMBs have proper MDM set up for their devices versus just a bunch of personal apple IDs with no way for the org that owns them to unlock them?
What is it with HN and blind faith in delegating literally everything to the state?
> Owners can now remove devices via web site I think. So if folks are saying these are just broken, have owner turn off activation lock

I expect that some means to "phone home" is required. I just had to spend an hour on the phone with Asurion to avoid a $300 fee for returning an iPhone for warranty replacement where the Activation Lock wouldn't turn off despite removing the device via the web site.
I think you might be misunderstanding nixos, the tree separation will not improve security for this kind of scenario, the only guarantee that nixos offer is that the package is exactly as it’s described on nixpkgs if the store is untainted.
In Linux you can't attach to arbitrary processes depending on configuration. You can start a program with gdb, but not attach to a running one by default. It was a security upgrade a few years ago https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/security/Yama.txt
I’m not handing the keys to my digital life to a politician
Nah fuck thieves.
Also, from Wikipedia:

"In February 1998, Ericsson Radio Systems banned the in-house use of Erlang for new products, citing a preference for non-proprietary languages. The ban caused Armstrong and others to make plans to leave Ericsson. In March 1998 Ericsson announced the AXD301 switch, containing over a million lines of Erlang and reported to achieve a high availability of nine "9"s. In December 1998, the implementation of Erlang was open-sourced and most of the Erlang team resigned to form a new company Bluetail AB. Ericsson eventually relaxed the ban and re-hired Armstrong in 2004."

Not wanting to rely on a fairly esoteric in-house language makes some sense.

Since then things have changed significantly of course.
> In the light of this statement, the answer to what I think is the thesis question of that entire piece:

> "This begs the question: why aren't language and library designers stealing the structure behind Erlang's behaviours, rather than copying the ideas of lightweight processes and message passing?"

> [...]

> But for the world we live in today, that's a price not worth paying. We don't need the Erlang message bus to be the only message bus. The Erlang message bus is, frankly, not very good, and it's actively terrible if you want to use it for one non-Erlang process to communicate to another. We don't need the Erlang message bus. We have a dozen message busses, some in the cloud, some commercial, some open source, some that double as retention (Kafka), all of which scale better, none of which tie you to Erlang's funky data types.

I asked why they were not stealing the structure of behind Erlang's behaviours, I didn't suggest anyone should steal Erlang's message bus or anything else.

> And then, within the matrix of those message busses, we don't need Erlang's restart capability. We have an abundance of ways to restart processes, from systemd, to kubernetes, to any number of other ways.

I don't think restarting the process from systemd or kubernetes is comparable with a supervisor tree. First of all the tree gives you a way to structure and control the restarts, e.g. frequently failing processes should be further down the tree or they will cause their sister nodes to get restarted etc. The other obvious difference is speed.

> We don't need Erlang's behaviors. We have interfaces, traits, [...]

Yet I don't know of any other language which uses interfaces in a way which they achieve the benefits (listed in the article) that behaviours in Erlang (e.g. gen_server) give you, do you?
Could also be called "ProcessTemplate" ?
I think the decision makes sense, there are things where paying someone else for the effort can save you on cost and on a maintenance nightmare and you can have your engineers focused on things that matter that already exist and building things that maybe no third party vendor gets it quite right, and that's okay to build in-house.
This immediately made me think of Wikipedia's latest change that moves their main menu behind just such a hamburger button on desktop, and replaces it with a table of contents down the left side.

Now instead of lazily clicking from one random article to the next (or to a different language, or to "current events", or the "main page" of headline articles), one has to move the mouse twice and make two clicks to get to it through the hamburger menu, or use the URL bar. I can't even remember the last time I went back to the ToC when reading a Wikipedia article and this change is utterly incomprehensible to me.
Related and mentioned in the article - Station Eleven is a pretty good show. I have to admit though, the Shakespeare stuff was kind of lost on me but really enjoyed the dystopian surviving the virus scenes.
"My lawyer says to leave it in, you're not a lawyer, it's staying in."

The response there is "Well you aren't a lawyer either, and mine said it needs to go".

As others here have said, crazy clauses can go. One key point, make it clear it is about unduly restricting right to income in the future, without wanting to screw over anyone.

This is why a second response, such as "Well, if you triple the salary ... maybe" makes a point here.

Some contracts literally make it impossible for you to work in the future, in your field. That means 'gimme retirement salary on exit' minimum.

(Such broad clauses are rarely enforceable, you can't prevent a person from working at all, but... )
Yes, but this makes perfect sense as activation lock only comes into play when the device is working. So when you go to reset the device it checks activation lock during install.
Great! Can someone get it to run inside the browser using WASM?
How I Conquered Perfectionism and Launched Status Hive After 3 Months of Work
People Can’t Stop ‘Spotify Snooping’ on Friends, Exes and Crushes
Bret Weinstein, Patrick Bet-David and Adam Sosnick on the Dangers of AI
Indeed, if your data need to be mutex protected might as well use a condition variable: it will be as efficient and certainly more understandable.

Semaphore make sense for one shot publishing: write the data -> signal -> wakeup then read the data, where some other invariant prevents reading the data before the wait. They also work somewhat well to add waiting on otherwise lock free queues.

In POSIX, condition variables are not async signal safe, so sem_t is a good alternative if needed.

On linux mutexes are farily
Apple is a real company. Amazon, Twitter, even Microsoft to some extent are not.

Apple makes things. The software side works with it, but it's a hardware company. They aren't entirely dependent on conjuring up value out of thin air, they have supply chains and manufacturing and whatnot.

Even Amazon, which deals with physical objects, doesn't really make anything.
I was replying to @moxplod because it seems they didn't know about these alternatives to pjax. They're mentioning HTMX, etc so I've added Unpoly to the list of similar things.

I'm not saying you should replace Hotwire with anything else - I wouldn't do it given it's the default or defacto solution.

But all of these tools (pjax, htmx, unpoly and hotwire) work perfectly well outside of Rails too. So if you're not using Rails and you're, for example, using Django which doesn't have a default solution then you can pick one of them, and I think Unpoly is a very nice one.
and how do you keep track of the counter for each website?
Did you file bugs explaining these problems? That's the first step for someone to look at them.

Second step is, of course, if you can even fix them yourself.
Erlang vs OTP
Oooh, using LLMs for "inpainting" audio to remove pops from a vocal take! Or to fix a late snare hit! Of course these tasks can be done right now they just take minutes instead of what could be seconds.
But it does change what makes sense to talk about in terms of "Apple" as it exists today.

Otherwise you might as well talk about why IBM is an undefeatable behemoth that dominates the industry...oh, wait, what's that? That hasn't been true for over 30 years now? I thought age didn't change facts?
If you know a lot about something that is only one degree removed from a Wikipedia stub article, ChatGPT gets really silly really fast.

I tried to have a conversation about S1000D governance, and it was making up whole new bodies of NATO governance in about two replies.
What's wild is that it turns out we were only a few years away from technology that could completely replace the purpose of the cinema camera, with off the shelf GPUs on a normal desktop (NeRFs)
I like to think about the things which this kind of tech makes possible that wouldn't have been possible at all before. E.g:

> Music generated on the fly for any given scenario, that is unique every time.

> Generating custom royalty-free samples which can be used by actual artists as part of a greater work.

> A way to learn about musical styles, motifs and timbres by creating many custom examples

> A way to experiment by generated many hundreds of examples, clashing together many different types of sounds together to find inspiration
I used to publish on Medium. The draw was definitely discoverability. A writer with no following could get their stories added to a Medium publication that had a large following, and build an audience. It was effective. I went from no followers to over 1k in just a few months, and I wasn't even posting that much. When they switched to the paid member model, you could even make a little money off it.

However as time went on Medium started implementing the tyranny of the algorithm, pushing their own recommendations over the stuff you actually subscribed to. Writers, of course, started writing for the algorithm and the quality of stories I was seeing started on a downward spiral. At the same time, for me at least, it became harder and harder to get eyes on my work, which was the only reason to be there in the first place.
Wow wth lol

I wonder how/why that's the case in a real city, which also happens to be where they are headquartered--like, devs in Seattle who work on Prime and logistics help facilitate 1-day and same-day delivery for the rest of us, but then have to wait up to a week for their own crap? lol
For reference, 1lac (lakh) is a little over $1200 USD
AT&T Has a Lot of Useless Landlines Worth $25B
The article is about the opposite, and how can you trust that the "erase everything" works? You can't verify it without destroying the device, since the storage is not removable.
People keep referring to LLMs as demons. Why?
It's good to see that OsmAnd is still being worked on. It's been a bit clunky and missing features for a long time, even though it's monetized. At the moment there's 2445 open issues on their Github, so it's understandable that pretty much every one gets marked as "nice to have" and then never revisited.

There's still poor/no kml/kmz-support (probably the gold standard to distribute routes, POIs, overlays, etc as a collection), it's difficult to use for newcomers, there's no split screen map and bike data like real bike computers, there's no integration with external services like Strava or Komoot for routes and trip uploads, it uses a lot of battery when navigating, etc. Even so, it's still the app I use for trips when I want to use offline maps, preplanned routes, and log where I've been.
> If you’re selling a device, you can’t just wipe out the drive and reinstall the operating system.

Yeah. Sure. You can’t wipe the drive on an M1 and have the machine still boot. Reinstalling the OS doesn’t erase the data volume.

You have to use Erase All Content and Settings. Apple documents the process pretty clearly.

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212749
Wonder if he did it intentionally or did not realize when he opened his mouth and said that.
The Joy of React (By Josh W Comeau)
Why McDonald's Lifetime of Free Food Campaign Is a Scam
Carl Icahn has actually been a quite prominent investor in apple at times and has been quite vocal about what apple does below the line.
None of this is an issue if its actually real second hand.

People don't always take the time to go through everything.

Traditional disk encryption serves your protection perfectly well.

As the saying goes, "Those who give up freedom for security..."
JGrasp is a nice equivalent for Java. Loving it.

https://www.jgrasp.org/
Whether the average person likes to cook or not, I'm pretty sure that between lack of easy access to good restaurants and or reluctance/inability to spend on eating out, the majority of people make most meals at home.
I think I also read the the comments last time this was posted someone talking about how their kids locker room had a bunch of phones stolen but the thief's left all of the iPhones because they couldn't be unlocked.
I think it's worth distinguishing between recursion as a conceptual framework for breaking down problems, and recursion as "writing functions that call themselves in a given programming language".

Recursion-the-concept is sometimes the only way to solve a problem. If you want to calculate the total number of leaves in a tree structure, the algorithm is clear: recursively sum the number of leaves in each branch. Recursion is just a way of saying "for this loop, we will need to maintain some kind of stack to track our location".

Conveniently, most languages have a stack built-in in the form of a function call graph. This allows us to elegantly and concisely express recursive algorithms by simply writing functions that call themselves, exactly like the formal definition of recursion. You don't have to do it that way - you can create your own stack data structure and manually manage it, and it'll still be a recursive algorithm. But that's probably a bad idea unless you have good reason to believe that working with your language's built-in stack has limitations that are important for your use case - limited size or poor performance, perhaps.
OK, but that's REALLY hard to assess for a normal person on their own.

Moreover, it doesn't prevent unreasonable entities from having their retained lawyers draft scary letters. Most people just sign the boilerplate, hope for the best, and try not to poke sticks into wasp nests if they can avoid it.
Erlang's beam processes are undoubtedly awesome. But if we start with the premise of "achieving the same goals without Erlang" I think it's entirely valid to start with "what does our process primitive look like". With just 16GB of RAM my laptop is quite memory constrained, but according to task manager I'm still running 5200 threads accross 350 processes right now. Many use cases that required light threads/processes 37 years ago or even 20 years ago would work with OS threads by now. Of course many others don't, which is where the Erlang popularity comes from.
What a complete non sequitur. Our lifestyles aren't unsustainable because of too much urban housing.

If anything, it's the exact opposite. Suburban sprawl and car centric development extending into unpopulated areas is unsustainable. Densifying already populated areas is much more sustainable.
Cond vars are always coupled with a mutex, they are also stateless and edge triggered, that make them a bit different from semaphores.
OpenJDK literally has the exact same license that the linux kernel uses. Do you also fear Google, intel, Microsoft and alia from suing you for using linux?
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